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1 Introduction - SQL

SQL is a language used to manage relational databases and interact with the data stored in those databases. It allows users to query, insert, update, and manipulate the data. The main components of SQL include DML for data manipulation, DDL for data definition, DCL for data control, and TCL for transaction control. Microsoft SQL Server started as a joint project between Microsoft and Sybase but Microsoft later independently developed newer versions for Windows operating systems. Key releases include SQL Server 2000, 2005, 2008, and subsequent service packs that provided cumulative fixes and improvements.

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86 views8 pages

1 Introduction - SQL

SQL is a language used to manage relational databases and interact with the data stored in those databases. It allows users to query, insert, update, and manipulate the data. The main components of SQL include DML for data manipulation, DDL for data definition, DCL for data control, and TCL for transaction control. Microsoft SQL Server started as a joint project between Microsoft and Sybase but Microsoft later independently developed newer versions for Windows operating systems. Key releases include SQL Server 2000, 2005, 2008, and subsequent service packs that provided cumulative fixes and improvements.

Uploaded by

ssbhagat001
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to SQL

Server

Definition of Database
A database is a collection of related
information that is organized so that it can
easily be accessed, managed, and updated.
DBA?
Definition of DBMS
The Database Management System, or
DBMS, is a computer software program that
is designed as the means of managing all
databases that are currently installed on a
system hard drive or network.
Definition of RDBMS

Meaning of SQL
SQL stands for Structured Query Language
SQL lets you access and manipulate databases
SQL is an ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standard
What Can SQL do?
SQL can execute queries against a database
SQL can retrieve data from a database
SQL can insert records in a database
SQL can update records in a database
SQL can delete records from a database
SQL can create new databases
SQL can create new tables in a database
SQL can create stored procedures in a database
SQL can create views in a database
SQL can set permissions on tables, procedures, and views

DML
DML is abbreviation of Data Manipulation Language. It is used
to retrieve, store, modify, delete, insert and update data in
database.
Examples: SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT statements
DDL
DDL is abbreviation of Data Definition Language. It is used to
create and modify the structure of database objects in database.
Examples: CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements
DCL
DCL is abbreviation of Data Control Language. It is used to
create roles, permissions, and referential integrity as well it is used
to control access to database by securing it.
Examples: GRANT, REVOKE statements
TCL
TCL is abbreviation of Transactional Control Language. It is
used to manage different transactions occurring within a database.

The History of SQL Server


Microsoft initially developed SQL Server (a database product
that understands the SQL language) with Sybase
Corporation for use on the IBM OS/2 platform. Oh what a
tangled web we weave! When Microsoft and IBM split,
Microsoft abandoned OS/2 in favor of its new network
operating system, Windows NT Advanced Server. At that
point, Microsoft decided to further develop the SQL Server
engine for Windows NT by itself. The resulting product was
Microsoft SQL Server 4.2, which was updated to 4.21. After
Microsoft and Sybase parted ways, Sybase further
developed its database engine to run on Windows NT
(Sybase System 10 and now System 11), and Microsoft
developed SQL Server 6.0then SQL Server 6.5, which also
ran on top of Windows NT. SQL Server 7.0 now runs on
Windows NT as well as on Windows 95 and Windows 98.

SQL Server builds


Version

Year

Release Name

1.0 ()

1989

SQL Server 1.0

4.21()

1993

SQL Server 4.21

6.0

1995

SQL Server 6.0

6.5

1996

SQL Server 6.5

7.0

1998

SQL Server 7.0

1999

SQLServer 7.0 Tools

8.0

2000

SQL Server 2000

8.0

2000

SQL Server 2000 64-bit Edition

9.0

2005

SQL Server 2005

10.0

2008

SQL Server 2008

SQL Server builds

All the service packs are cumulative, meaning that


each new service pack contains all the fixes that
are included with previous service packs and any
new fixes

SQL Server comparisons

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