CONCRETE

TECHNOLOGY

1.

2. The breaking up of cohesion in a

mass of concrete is called
Segregation

3. The Workability of Concrete is defined

as the ease with which it can be mixed,
transported and placed in position in a
homogeneous state

4. The separation of water or watercement mixture from the freshly

mixed concrete is known as Bleeding

5. The continuous strain, which the

concrete undergoes due to
application of external loads, is called
Creep

6. A Good Concrete should be subjected

to

Minimum Creep

7.
Effects of Segregation

8. Harshness in Concrete is due to the

Excess of Middle size particles

9. In Lime Concreting, lime is used as

Binding Material

10. The type of Lime used in Lime Concrete

is

Hydraulic Lime

11. A Good Concrete should have

Minimum Thermal Expansion

12. The Lime Concrete has less strength as

compared to Cement Concrete

13. The usual proportion of ingredients in

Plain Cement Concrete(P.C.C) is
1 part : 1.5 to 8 part : 3 to 16 part

14. The usual proportion of ingredients in

Reinforced Cement Concrete(R.C.C) is
1 part : 1 to 2 part : 2to 4 part

15. Ferro-Concrete is another name given to

Reinforced Cement Concrete(R.C.C)

16. Reinforced Cement Concrete(R.C.C)

is equally strong in taking
Tensile, Compressive and Shear Stresses

17. Plain Cement Concrete(P.C.C) is strong in

taking

Compressive Stress

18. The cement concrete in which high

compressive stresses are artificially introduced
before its actual use, is called
Pre-stressed Cement Concrete

19. The Pre-stressed Cement Concrete

can take up high tensile and compressive
stresses without of
Cracks

20. For heat and sound insulation purposes, we shall

use

Air-entrained Concrete

21. The cement concrete, from which entrained air

and excess water are remove after placing it in
position, is called

Vacuum Concrete

22. The removal of excess air after placing

concrete helps in increasing the strength of
concrete by
15 to 20%

23. The cement concrete prepared by mixing

aluminium in it, is called
Air-entrained concrete/Cellular concrete/Aerated
concrete

24. The light weight concrete is prepared by

Using coke-breeze, cinder or slag as aggregate
in the concrete

25. The sound absorption coefficient of

light weight concrete is nearly
2se than that of ordinary concrete

26. Cement Concrete is

Impermeable to moisture

27. In making precast structural units for partition and

wall lining purposes, the concrete should be
Light Weight Concrete

28. The concrete without any reinforcement

has
Low Tensile Strength

29. Segregation of concrete decreases

the strength of concrete

30. The function of aggregates in concrete is

to serve as
Filler

31. Calcareous material used in the manufacture of

cement consists of
Lime Stone + Chalk + Shells

32. In the manufacture of cement, the dry or wet

mixture of calcareous and argillaceous materials is burnt
in a
Rotary Kiln

33. In the manufacture of cement, the dry or

wet mixture of calcareous and argillaceous
materials is burnt at a temperature between
1500C to 1600C

34. The main constituents of argillaceous materials is

Aluminium

35. Hydration of cement evolves

Heat

36. The proportion of ingredients in a good

Portland Cement
Lime : Silica : Alumina : Iron Oxide
=63 : 22 : 6 : 3

37.

38.

39. After the final grinding,

the cement is sieved
through IS sieve number
9

40.

41.

42. The- first compound

which reacts with water
when mixed with cement
is
Tricalcium aluminate

43. Tricalcium silicate

develops strength in
cement for 7 days

44.
Tricalcium Silicate(40%)

45. The sum of the

percentage of tricalcium
silicate and dicalcium
silicate for Portland cement
varies from
70% to 80%

46. Ordinary portland

cement should not be used
for construction work
exposed to sulphate in the
soil

47. The rate of hydration of

cement is directly
proportion to the
generation of heat.

48.
Uses of Rapid Hardening Cement

49. Low Heat Cement is

used in
Thick Structures

50. The cement, widely

used in retaining walls, is
Low Heat Cement

51.
Uses of Blast Furnace Slag Cement

52. Blast Furnace Slag

Cement concrete requires

More time for shuttering

and curing

53. Ordinary Portland

cement contains more lime
than Low Heat cement

54.
Blast Furnace Slag Cement

55. High Alumina cement is

expected to have the
highest compressive
strength after 3 days

56. For structure subjected

to the action of sea water,
the cement used is
High Alumina Cement

57. The strength of

concrete using air
entraining cement gets
reduced by
10 to 15%

58. Colocrete is the

commercial term of
Coloured Cement

59. Pozzolona is essentially

a silicious material
containing clay upto
80%

60. In the manufacture of

pozzolona cement, the
amount of pozzolona
material added to the
ordinary portland cement
clinkers is about
30%

61.
Group A

Group B

Bhakra Dam was constructed with

Pozzolona Cement

The cement used for chemical plant

is

High Alumina Cement

The cement not to be used in thin

R.C.C. structures is

Blast Furnace Slag Cement

The cement used for marine works is

High Alumina Cement

62. The degree of grinding

of cement is called
Fineness

63. The hardening is the

phenomenon by virtue of
which
the cement paste sets and
develops strength

64. The soundness is the

phenomenon by virtue
which
the cement does not
undergoes large change in
volume when treated with
water

65. The fineness of cement

is measured in terms of
Either percentage weight
retained on IS sieve
number 9 or Surface area
in cm/gm of the cement

66.
Too much fineness of cement

67.
The setting time of cement is the governing factor for

68. The compressive

strength of an ordinary
portland cement (1 : 3
cement mortar cube) after
7 days test should not be
less than
17.5 N/mm

69. Vicats apparatus is

used to perform
Consistency Test

70. The knowledge of a

standard consistency of a
cement paste is essential
to perform
a)Setting time test
b)Soundness Test
c)Compressive strength
Test

71. In Vicats apparatus,

the diameter of Vicat
plunger is
10 mm

72. The length of Vicat

plunger in Vicats
apparatus varies from
40 to 50 mm

73. The percentage of water

for making a cement paste
of normal consistency
varies from
25 to 35%

74. To perform the initial

setting time test, the water
is added to the cement at
the rate of
0.85P by weight of cement
(P= Percentage of water
required for normal
consistency paste)

75. La-chatelier apparatus

is used to perform
Soundness Test

76. To perform the

compressive strength test
of cement, water is added
to the rate of
P + 3% of water

77. To perform the

compressive strength test
of cement, the size of the
cube mould should be
7.06 cm side

78. According to IS
specification for the
compressive strength test
of cement, the cement and
standard sand mortar in
the ratio of
1 : 3 is used

79. The cube of cement

prepared for compressive
strength test of cement
should be kept at a
temperature of.
27C 2C in an
atmosphere of at least 90%
relative humidity for 24
hours.

80. The inert material used

for the manufacture of
mortars and concretes is
Aggregate

81. For reinforced concrete,

the aggregate used is
Sand/Gravel/Crushed Rock

82. For the manufacture of

concrete of low density, the
aggregate used is
Furnace clinker/Coke
breeze/Saw dust

83. The material having

particle size varying from
0.002 mm to 0.06 mm is
termed as
Silt

84. An aggregate having

size is more than 75 mm is
called
Cyclopean

85. The aggregate which

pass through 75 mm IS
sieve and entirely retain on
4.75 mm IS sieve is known
as
Coarse Aggregate

86. The maximum particle

size of coarse aggregate
is
75 mm

87. The maximum particle

size of fine aggregate is
4.75 mm

88. The aggregate which

pass through 4.75 mm IS
sieve and entirely retain on
75 micron IS sieve is known
as
Fine Aggregate

89. The minimum particle

size of coarse aggregate
is
4.75 mm

90. The minimum particle

size of fine aggregate is
0.075 mm

91. The aggregate have

minimum voids
Rounded shape

92. The aggregate have

maximum voids
Angular Shape

93. The aggregate of

rounded shape require
minimum cement paste to
make good concrete

94. The maximum size of

coarse aggregate should
not exceed 1/4th of the
minimum dimension of the

Plain concrete
member/Reinforced
concrete member

95. The aggregate is said to

be flaky when
Its least dimension is 3/4th
of its mean dimension

96. The aggregate is said to

be elongate when
Its length is equal to 1.8
times its mean dimension

97. The aggregate

completely passes through
a 50 mm sieve and retained
on 40 mm sieve, then the
particular aggregate is said
to be flaky if its least
dimension is less than
27 mm

98. The aggregate

completely passes through
a 50 mm sieve and retained
on 40 mm sieve, then the
particular aggregate is said
to be elongate if its least
dimension is less than
81 mm

99. Bulk specific gravity of

an aggregate is defined as

The weight of oven dry

aggregate divided by its
absolute volume, excluding
the natural pores in the
aggregate particles

100. The apparent specific

gravity of an aggregate is
defined as
The weight of oven dry
aggregate divided by its
absolute volume, excluding
the natural pores in the
aggregate particles

101. The Bulk Density of a

aggregate is the weight
required to fill a container
of unit volume.

102. The value of bulk

density for angular and
flaky aggregates is
less as compared to
graded aggregates

103.
The value of bulk density depends upon..

1) Size distribution of aggregate

2)Specific gravity of aggregate

3)Shape of aggregate

104. An aggregate which

may contain some more
moisture in the pores but
having dry surface is
known as
Dry aggregate

105. An aggregate having

all the pores filled with
water but having dry
surface is called
Saturated surface dry
aggregate

106. A moist aggregate is

one
whose all the pores are
filled with water and also
having its surface wet

107. The surface moisture

of aggregate increases the
water cement ratio in the
mix and thus
Decreases the strength

108. If very dry aggregate

are used, the workability of
the mix is likely to be
reduced

109. Larger the size of

coarse aggregate, lesser is
the quantity of fine
aggregate and of cement
required

110. Bulking is caused due

to the formation of thin film
of surface moisture around
the sand particles

111. The sum of

percentages of all
deleterious materials in the
aggregate shall not
exceed
5%

112. The resistance of an

aggregate to compressive
force is known as
Crushing Value

113. The resistance of an

aggregate to sudden
compressive force is known
as
Impact Value

114. The resistance of an

aggregate to wear is
known as
Abrasion Value

115. The resistance of an

aggregate to the effect of
hydration of cement and
weather is called
Soundness

116. Los Angeles machine

is used to perform the
abrasion resistance test of
an aggregate.

117. The construction

joints in cement
concrete
Should not be provided at
the corners

118. The construction joints

are generally provided in
concrete
Roads/Retaining
Walls/Lining of tunnels

119. The most useless

aggregate is, whose
surface texture is
Glossy

120. The bulk density of

aggregate depends upon
its
Shape, Grading,
Compaction

121. Water-Cement ratio is

usually, expressed in
Litres of water required per
bag of cement

122. High temperature

decreases the setting time
of cement in concrete

123. The concrete is said to

be workable if it has
Compatibility, Movability,
Stability

124. Duff Abrams law is

valid only when the
concrete is of workable
plasticity.

125. For the improvement

of workability of concrete,
the shape of aggregate
recommended is
Round

126. Smaller size of

aggregates required large
quantity of water for
lubrication.

127. Grading of aggregates

should be continuous for
Lean mixes.

128. The workability of

concrete is expressed by
Water-Cement ratio and
Slump value

129. In the slump test, the

maximum size of
aggregates should not
exceed 38 mm.

130. For high degree of

workability, the slump value
should vary between
80 mm to 100 mm

131. For high degree of

workability, the compaction
factor is
0.95

132. Workability of
concrete mix having very
low water cement ratio
should be obtained by
Compaction Factor Test

133. Vibrated concrete

needs
Less slump values

134. Concrete with higher

compaction factor has less
workability

135. The workability of

concrete by slump test is
expresses as
MM

136. The slump test of

concrete is used to
measure its
Workability, Consistency

137. If the slump of

concrete mix is 70 mm, its
workability is considered to
be
medium

138. A compaction factor of

0.88 indicates that the
workability of concrete mix
is
Medium

139. The Vee-Bee test is

suitable for concrete
mixres of low and very low
workabilities.

140. As per IS : 459 1978,

the concrete mixes are
designated into
7 grades

141. The test conducted in

the laboratory on the
specimen made out of trial
concrete mix is called
Preliminary Test.