Overview of API 682

and ISO 21049

Michael Huebner
Flowserve Seal Division
1

Review of API 682 First Edition

Created by industry
leaders in rotating
equipment
Designed to capture
field experience
Defaults to proven
solutions
Applies to the most
common applications
2

Mission Statement
from API 682 First Edition

This standard is designed to default to the

equipment types most commonly
supplied that have a high probability of
meeting the objective of a least three
years of uninterrupted service while
complying with emissions regulations.

Second Edition
Success of First
Edition
Applications outside of
refineries
Application to non-API
610
Advancement in
sealing technology
Creation of an
International standard
4

Third Edition
Review by ISO
member countries
Few technical changes
Some editorial
changes including
minor reorganization
One new piping plan
Released as
ISO 21049 and
API 682 3rd Edition
5

Scope of Standard
Comparison of First and Second Editions

First Edition

Second/Third
Edition

Size

Seal sizes from

1.50 to 4.50
(30mm to 120mm)

Shaft diameters from

0.75 to 4.30
(20mm to 110mm)

Temperature

-40F to 500F
(-40C to 260C)

-40F to 750F
(-40C to 400C)

Pressure (absolute)

0 to 515 PSIA
(0 to 34.5 bar)

0 to 615 PSIA
(0 to 42 bar)

Fluids

Water, sour water, caustic,

amines, some acids, most
HCs

Water, sour water, caustic,

amines, some acids, most
HCs

Pumps

API-610, ISO 13709

ANSI/ASME B73.1 and

B73.2, ISO 3069 Frame C,
API-610, ISO 13709

Seal Types
Over the years, seal companies have
released numerous designs and
variations
No standardization in seal designs,
materials, or dimensions
Challenge for API 682 Task Force was
to create standard seal types defining
seal design, materials, installation
envelope, and operating windows
7

Type A Seal

Rotating flexible element, multiple springs, O-ring secondaries

Silicon Carbide versus premium grade blister resistant Carbon
Fluoroelastomer O-rings (FKM)
Alloy C276 springs (316 for single spring option)
Type 316 SS sleeve, gland, and other metal parts
Throttle bushing in gland

Type B Seal

Rotating bellows, O-ring secondaries

Silicon Carbide versus premium grade blister resistant Carbon
Fluoroelastomer O-rings (FKM)
Alloy C-276 bellows
Type 316 SS sleeve, gland, and other metal parts
Throttle bushing in gland

Type C Seal

Stationary bellows, flexible graphite secondaries

Silicon Carbide versus premium grade blister resistant Carbon
Alloy 718 bellows
Type 316 SS sleeve, gland, and other metal parts
Premium carbon floating bushing in gland
Bronze anti-coke device

10

Rotating vs Stationary
The default Type A and Type B seals have a
rotating flexible element
A stationary flexible element is an alternate
The default Type C seal has a stationary
flexible element
A rotating flexible element is an alternate
If surface speed at the faces exceeds 4500
ft/min (23 m/s), a stationary flexible element
must be used
11

Seal Arrangements
The seal arrangement defines the
number or seals, their orientation, and
details about the seals operation
Designations
Contacting wet (CW)
Containment seals (CS)
Non-contacting dry-running
Contacting dry-running

Non-contacting (NC)
Wet running seals
Dry-running dual seals

12

Contacting Wet Seal - CW

Typical mechanical seal
Mechanical seal designed to run on
liquid fluid film
Does not intentionally create
hydrodynamic forces
Requires vapor suppression to keep
fluid in a liquid phase
Designed to run for a minimum of
25,000 hours
13

Containment Seal - CS
Designed as a dry running backup seal
Outer seal in a dual non-pressurized
arrangement
May be either a non-contacting or
contacting design
Operates on buffer gas or vaporized
process fluid
Run for 25,000 hours at 10 PSI and at
least 8 hours under process conditions
14

Non-Contacting Seal - NC
May be used as a primary seal or as a
dual pressurized seal
Seal is designed to create
hydrodynamic forces to separate the
faces under all operating conditions
Designed to run for a minimum of
25,000 hours

15

16

Arrangement 1

1CW-FX or 1CW-FL configuration

Single mechanical seal
May have a fixed or floating throttle bushing
May have single point or distributed flush
17

Arrangement 2
Liquid Buffer Fluid

2CW-CW configuration
Dual non-pressurized seal with a liquid buffer
fluid
Same as the First Edition Arrangement 2 seal
18

Arrangement 2
Vapor or No Buffer Fluid

2CW-CS configuration
Contacting wet seal with a dry running
containment seal
Containment seal may be either contacting or
non-contacting
19

Arrangement 2
Vapor or No Buffer Fluid

2NC-CS configuration
Inner seal is designed to be non-contacting
and operate with liquid, vapor, or mixed phase
process
Outer seal a containment seal
20

Arrangement 3
Liquid Barrier Fluid

3CW-FB configuration
Contacting wet seals oriented in a series (or
face-to-back) orientation
Default Arrangement 3 liquid seal
Same as the First Edition Arrangement 3 seal

21

Arrangement 3
Liquid Barrier Fluid

Alternate designs for

Arrangement 3
liquid seals
3CW-BB or 3CW-FF
configurations
May be required for
specific application
or pump designs

22

Arrangement 3
Gas Barrier Fluid

3NC-BB configuration
Default Arrangement 3 gas seal
Non-contacting gas seals in a back-to-back
orientation
23

Arrangement 3
Gas Barrier Fluid

Alternate designs for

Arrangement 3 gas
seals
3NC-FF or 3NC-FB
configurations
May be required for
specific application
or pump designs

24

Categories
Different applications may require
different levels of seal sophistication
Current practice of specifying modified
API-682 seals
Size restrictions based on pump
construction
Cost impact of seals

25

Categories
Three categories
Category 1 General duty services in
chemical pumps
Category 2 Heavy duty services;
similar to API-610 7th edition seals
Category 3 Heavy duty services;
similar to API 682 First Edition seals

26

Comparison of Categories
FEATURE

CATEGORY 1

CATEGORY 2

CATEGORY 3

Seal chamber size

ISO 3069 Type C,

ANSI/ASME B73

ISO 13709/API 610 ISO 13709/API 610

Temperature range

-40C to 260C
-40F to 500F

-40C to 400C
-40F to 750F

-40C to 400C
-40F to 750F

Pressure range
absolute

22 bar
315 PSIA

42 bar
615 PSIA

42 bar
615 PSIA

Face materials

Carbon vs selfsintered SiC

Carbon vs reaction
bonded SiC

Carbon vs reaction
bonded SiC

Distributed flush
requirements

When required or
specified

When required or
specified

Required

Gland plate metal

to metal contact

Required

Required inside
and outside bolt
circle diameter

Required inside
and outside bolt
circle diameter

27

Comparison of Categories
FEATURE

CATEGORY 1

CATEGORY 2

CATEGORY 3

Seal sleeve size

increments

None

10mm increments

10mm increments

Throttle bushing
requirements

Fixed carbon,
floating carbon
optional

Fixed non-sparking
metal, floating
carbon optional

Floating carbon

Pumping ring HQ
curve required

No

If specified

Required

Scope of vendor
qualification test

Test as Category 1
unless faces tested
as Category 3

Test as Category 1
unless faces tested
as Category 3

Test as Category 3
as entire seal
assembly

Proposal document Minimal

requirements

Minimal

Rigorous including
qualification tests

Contract data
requirements

Minimal

Rigorous

Minimal

28

Review of Key Concepts

The Standard has categorized three
types of seals: Type A, B, and C
There are three basic arrangements:
Arrangement 1, 2, and 3.
To address differing needs for features
and documentation, there are three
categories of seals: Category 1, 2, and
3.
29

Dimensions
Purchaser shall
specify if the order is
to be provided in SI
or US Customary
units
This includes data,
drawings, hardware,
fasteners, and other
equipment
30

Design Requirements
Design requirements are divided into
three areas
General these requirements pertain to
all API-682 seals
Category Specific this section defines
requirements that are specific to each seal
category
Arrangement and Configuration Specific
these sections define requirements
specific for each seal configuration
31

Design Requirements - General

API 682 First Edition states that the
standard does not cover the design of the
component parts of mechanical seals
This statement is followed by 16 pages of
specifications that directly affect the design of
seal components
The Second Edition follows this same path
and contains even more specifications on
seal design
These requirements attempt to capture
design features that have proven to be
successful in the field
32

Design Requirements - General

All seals will be cartridge seals

Type A and B seals can be designed with stationary flexible
elements
Type C seals can be designed with a rotating flexible element
All seals with seal face surface speeds greater than 4,500
ft/min (or 23 m/s) will have stationary flexible elements

33

Design Requirements - General

Seal must handle
normal and transient
axial motions
Minimum surface finish
for O-rings
O-ring grooves sized for
FFKM
For vacuum services,
components that could
be dislodged must be
positively retained

Minimum clearance
between rotating and
stationary components
3mm (with some
exceptions)
Glands designed for
MAWP of pump
Glands provided with
holes (not slots)
Shoulder at least 3mm
behind face in gland
34

Design Requirements - General

Seal designed for
seal chamber
perpendicularity of
0.0005 in./in. of bore
Vapor pressure
margins must be
maintained at 30%
pressure margin or
20C (36F)
temperature margin

Seal chamber
pressure must be at
least .35 bar (5 PSI)
Floating throat
bushings may be
required
Gland and seal
chamber
connections must be
permanently marked
35

Connections
Configuration

Symbol

1CW-FX
1CW-FL

F
FI
FO
D
Q
H
C

Flush
Flush In (Plan 23 only)
Flush Out (Plan 23 only)
Drain
Quench
Heating
Cooling

0
180
0
180
90
-

Process
Process
Process
Atmo
Atmo
Utility
Utility

2CW-CW

F
LBI
LBO
D
Q

Flush (Inner Seal)

Liquid Buffer Fluid In
Liquid Buffer Fluid Out
Drain (Outer Seal)
Quench (Outer Seal)

0
180
0
180
90

Process
Process
Process
Atmo
Atmo

Note 3
Note 4
Note 5

Connection

Location

Type

Size
Cat I

Size
Cat II and III

Required

(Note 3)
(Note 3)
(Note 3 & 6)
3/8 (Note 5)
3/8 (Note 5)
(Note 3)
(Note 3)

3/8
3/8

Required
WS
WS
Required
Required
WS
WS

(Note 3)
(Note 4)
(Note 4)
3/8 (Note 5)
3/8 (Note 5)

3/8
3/8

Required
Required
Required
WS
WS

A 3/8 NPT connection may be used if NPT not possible due to space constraints.
A NPT required for shaft diameters 63.5 mm (2.5 inch) or smaller, NPT for larger sizes
A NPT connection may be used if 3/8 NPT is not possible due to space constraints

36

Connections
Configuration

Symbol

2CW-CS

F
FI
FO
GBI
CSV
CSD
D
Q

Flush (Inner Seal)

Flush In (Plan 23 only)
Flush Out (Plan 23 only)
Gas Buffer Fluid In
Containment Seal Vent
Containment Seal Drain
Drain (Ourer Seal)
Quench (Outer Seal)

0
180
0
90
0
180
180
90

Process
Process
Process
Process
Process
Process
Atmo
Atmo

2NC-CS

GBI
CSV
CSD
D
Q

Gas Buffer Fluid In

Containment Seal Vent
Containment Seal Drain
Drain (Outer Seal)
Quench (Outer Seal)

90
0
180
180
90

Process
Process
Process
Atmo
Atmo

Note 3
Note 4
Note 5

Connection

Location

Type

Size
Cat I

Size
Cat II and III

Required

(Note 3)
(Note 3 & 6)

3/8 (Note 5)
3/8 (Note 5)

3/8
3/8

Required
WS
WS
WS
Required
Required
WS
WS

3/8 (Note 5)
3/8 (Note 5)

3/8
3/8

WS
Required
Required
WS
WS

A 3/8 NPT connection may be used if NPT not possible due to space constraints.
A NPT required for shaft diameters 63.5 mm (2.5 inch) or smaller, NPT for larger sizes
A NPT connection may be used if 3/8 NPT is not possible due to space constraints

37

Connections
Configuration

Symbol

3CW-FB
3CW-FF
3CW-BB

F
LBI
LBO
D
Q

Flush (Seal Chamber)

Liquid Barrier Fluid In
Liquid Barrier Fluid Out
Drain (Outer Seal)
Quench (Outer Seal)

0
180
0
180
90

Process
Barrier
Barrier
Atmo
Atmo

3NC-FF
3NC-BB
3NC-FB

F
GBI
GBO
D
Q

Flush (Seal Chamber)

Gas Buffer Fluid In
Gas Buffer Fluid Out
Drain (Outer Seal)
Quench (Outer Seal)

0
0
180
180
90

Process
Barrier
Barrier
Atmo
Atmo

Note 3
Note 4
Note 5

Connection

Location

Type

Size
Cat I

Size
Cat II and III

Required

(Note 4)
(Note 4)
3/8 (Note 5)
3/8 (Note 5)

(Note 4)
(Note 4)
3/8
3/8

WS
Required
Required
WS
WS

3/8 (Note 5)
3/8 (Note 5)

3/8
3/8

WS
Required
Required
WS
WS

A 3/8 NPT connection may be used if NPT not possible due to space constraints.
A NPT required for shaft diameters 63.5 mm (2.5 inch) or smaller, NPT for larger sizes
A NPT connection may be used if 3/8 NPT is not possible due to space constraints

38

Design Requirements - General

Threaded connections
shall be plugged
Connections and tubing
shall be suitable for
max hydrostatic test
pressure
Drill throughs minimum
5mm (3/16) diameter
Fixed and floating
bushing clearances
defined

Floating carbon throttle bushing

diametrical clearances
Sleeve
Diameter
mm

Sleeve
Diameter
inch

Max
diametrical
clearance
mm

Max
diametrical
clearance
inch

0 to 50

0 to 2.00

0,18

0.007

51 to 80

2.01 to 3.00

0,225

0.009

81 to 120

3.01 to 4.74

0,28

0.011

39

Design Requirements - General

Sleeves furnished
by the seal OEM
Sleeve to shaft
clearances defined
by ISO 286-2 F7/h6
Sleeves must have
a shoulder to
positively locate seal
Sleeve gasket Oring shall be located
at the impeller end

Sleeves thickness to
be minimum of 2,5
mm (0.100 in)
Sleeve in areas of
set screws defined
Shaft
Diameter
mm

Sleeve
Diameter
inch

Minimum
Sleeve
Radial
Thickness
mm

Minimum
Sleeve
Radial
Thickness
Inch

< 57

< 2.25

2,5

0.100

57 to 80

2.25 to 3.25

3,8

0.150

> 80

> 3.25

5,1

0.200

40

Design Requirements - General

Sleeve OD and ID
concentric within 25m
(0.001 in)
Sleeve piloted on both
ends, relieved in the
middle
Drive collar set screws
not allowed in piloted
area
Drive collar set screws
sufficiently hard to embed
shaft

Use of nine or more set

screws only with
approval
Other drive devices
(e.g. shrink disk or split
ring drive collars) are
allowed with approval
Single spring allowed on
Type A seals if specified
Flexible elements shall
not rely on lapped joints
for sealing

41

Design Requirements - General

Seal Faces

Category 1- Self Sintered SiC vs premium grade, blisterresistant carbon graphite

Categories 2 and 3 Reaction Bonded SiC vs premium
grade, blister-resistant carbon graphite
Hard Faces SiC vs SiC

Seal Sleeves

AISI Type Type 316, EN 10088 Grade 1.4571

Springs

Multi-spring seals Alloy C-276, Alloy C-4

Single spring seals AISI Type 316

Secondary Sealing
Components

Unless otherwise specified FKM (fluoroelastomer)

If required FFKM (Perfluorelastomers) or flexible graphite

Metal Bellows

Type B seal Alloy C-276

Type C seal Alloy 718

Gland Plates

AISI Type Type 316, EN 10088 Grade 1.4571

Miscellaneous

AISI Type Type 316

42

Other Design Requirements

Category Specific
Category 1
Category 2
Category 3

Arrangement Specific
Arrangement 1
Arrangement 2
Arrangement 3
43

Seal Chamber Interfaces

Almost all pump references have been
removed from API-682 Second Edition
Interface requirements have remained
since they greatly affect the
performance of a mechanical seal

44

Seal Chamber Interfaces

Seal chamber face runout must be less than

0,5 m/mm (0.0005 in/in) of seal chamber bore
45

Seal Chamber Interfaces

Pilot diameter (either OD or ID) must be concentric to

shaft with a TIR of not more than 0,125mm (0.005 in.)
46

Accessories
Accessories are components other than the seal
that are required to create an acceptable sealing
environment. This includes:

Auxiliary piping systems

Cyclone separators
Orifices
Seal coolers
Reservoirs
Pumping rings
Condensate collection reservoirs
Gas supply panels
47

Auxiliary Piping Systems

The standard defines many
requirements of piping systems for seal
flushes (Group I), quench systems
(Group II), and cooling water systems
(Group III)
Tables define specific grades and
classes for tubing, valves, fittings,
fabricated joints, gaskets, and bolting
Differing requirements for each Group
48

Cyclone Separators
Cyclone separators
should be the flow
limiting device
Solids should have a
density at least twice
that of the fluid
On between bearing
pumps, each seal shall
have its own separator
Default material is
austenitic stainless steel

49

Flow Control Orifices

Orifice tubing
connectors and plate
orifices are the default
selection
Orifice nipples may be
provided if specified
Minimum diameter is 3
mm (0.125 in)
Multiple orifices shall be
separated by a
minimum of 6 inches
50

Seal Flush Coolers

Seal flush on tube side of
cooler
Both process and cooling
water sides must be able
to be completely vented
and drained
Drain valve must be
provided on water side

51

Seal Flush Coolers

Two sizes of
coolers:
For shaft sizes
over 60mm (2.5
inch) 0.750 inch
diameter tube with
0.095 inch wall
thickness
For smaller shaft
sizes 0.500 inch
diameter tube with
0.065 inch wall
thickness
52

Buffer/Barrier Reservoirs
Reservoirs have specific
requirements for features,
connections, dimensions,
volumes, and materials
For shaft diameters over 60
mm (2.50 in), volume of
liquid shall be a mimumum
of 20 l (5 gallons)
For smaller shaft diameters,
volume of liquid shall be a
minimum of 12 l (3 gallons)
53

Buffer/Barrier Reservoirs
3 gallon reservoirs are
constructed of 6 inch
schedule 40 pipe.
5 gallon reservoirs are
constructed of 8 inch
schedule 40 pipe
Cooling coils to be 0.500
inch tube with minimum
0.065 inch wall thickness
Both fixed and removable
head designs are available
54

Condensate Collection Reservoir

Used to collect leakage on Plan 75

8 inch schedule 40 pipe, 12 l (3 gal)
Carbon steel or same as pump metallurgy
Level gauge, drain and vent connections
Level switch and test connections optional

55

Barrier/Buffer Supply Panel

Seal OEM and
purchaser to agree on
requirements
Include at minimum an
isolation valve,
coalescing filter,
pressure regulator, flow
meter, low pressure
switch, pressure gauge,
and check valve.
High flow switch is
optional
56

Instrumentation
Standard covers
basic requirements
for the following
components:
Temperature
indicating gauges
Thermowells
Pressure gauges
Switches
Pressure switches
Level switches

Flow switches
Level indicators
Flow indicators
Relief valves
Regulators
57

Inspection, Testing, and

Preparation for Shipment

General inspection by vendor

Inspection of seal components
Qualification testing
Hydrostatic testing of glands
Air testing
Pump manufacturer seal test
58

Qualification Testing
Easy for a standard to create a goal of
25,000 hours of service but difficult to
prove it
Concern from users that seals should
be tested under real world conditions
Testing is designed to provide the user
with a level of confidence that the seals
will perform as required by the standard
59

Qualification Testing
Testing will qualify a seal model so testing
only needs to be done once for a specific seal
Not intended as testing for actual job seals
Two sizes need to be tested: a small size with
a balance diameter between 50mm to 75mm
(2.0 to 3.0 inches) and a large size with a
balance diameter between 100mm to 127mm
(4.0 to 5.0 inches)

60

Qualification Testing
Testing requirements are different between
the seal categories
Category 3 seals must be tested in the same
configuration as is being offered
Category 1 and 2 seals may be tested in the
same configuration as is offered or it may be
designed with seal faces that have been
qualified in other testing
Allowance for seal face materials to be
qualified as a mating pair to cut down on the
number of tests required
61

Qualification Testing
End users identified typical refinery
applications based on process fluids,
temperatures and pressures
Selected five test fluids that are
representative of these applications and
that were acceptable for lab testing
Developed a set of steady state and
cyclic conditions that would simulate
actual field conditions
62

Test Fluids

63

Test Cycle for Liquid Seals

64

Water Test Parameters

65

Test Qualification Form

66

Containment Seal Testing

In the Second Edition, testing
requirements were defined for
containment seals
Testing would demonstrate
performance under steady state
conditions as well as simulated
failure of the inner seal
Recorded data include leakage
rate past containment seal
67

Test Cycle for Containment Seals

68

Dual Gas Seal Testing

Dual gas seal testing is designed to
evaluate the seals on the process fluid
with an inert barrier gas
Testing involves steady state testing as
well as the cyclic testing precedures
defined for liquid seals
Also involves simulated disruptions of
the barrier gas supply
69

Test Cycle for Dual Gas Seals

70

Gas Seal and Containment Seal

Test Qualification Form

71

Minimum Performance
Requirements
First Edition had no acceptance criteria for
qualification tests
Second Edition has criteria
At the end of the testing, the wear on the seal
faces shall be less than 1% of the available
wear
Single seals and containment seals must have
less than 1000 PPM measurable emissions
during propane tests or an average leakage
rate less than 5.6 gr/hr during other tests
72

Hydrostatic Testing of Glands

First Edition required hydrostatic
pressure testing of all pressure casing
components which included the seal
gland
Test pressure 1.5X MAWP of the pump
casing but not less than 1,4 bar (20 PSI)
Second Edition exempts testing of seal
glands manufactured from a single piece
of wrought material
73

Air Testing of Assemblies

Every seal assembly shall be air tested
by the seal OEM
Dual seals tests must have ability to test
each sealing section independently
Seals tested at 1.8 bar (26 PSI) with a
gas volume of a maximum of 28 l (1ft3)
Maximum pressure drop of 0,14 bar (2
PSI) over a five minute period
Seals tagged after successful completion
74

Overview of Annexes
Annexes comprise almost exactly half of
the pages in API 682 Second Edition
Contain support material for the standard
Consists of both normative and informative
sections
Normative annexes are enforceable parts
of the standard
Informative annexes are for information
only
75

Annexes (2nd Edition)

Annex A
Recommended seal
selection procedure
Annex B Heat
generation and heat
soak calculations
Annex C Materials
and material
descriptions
Annex D Standard
flush plans and auxiliary
hardware
Annex E Inspector
checklist

Annex F Mechanical
seal data sheets
Annex G Mechanical
seal data requirement
form
Annex H Seal and
pump vendor interface
paragraphs
Annex I Mechanical
seal test qualification
form
Annex J Mechanical
seal code
76

Seal Selection Procedure

Procedure was developed to capture
selection methods that have proven
successful in the field
Systematic method of selecting a seal
type, arrangement, and piping plans for
a number of common applications
Does not cover every service
Where alternate solutions are given,
they are considered as technical equals
77

Fluid Types
Basic refinery fluids have been divided into
three application groups:
Non-hydrocarbon these fluids include water,
sour water, caustic, amines, crystallizing fluids,
and some acids
Non-flashing hydrocarbons this covers
hydrocarbons with a vapor pressure less than
1 bar (14.5 PSIA)
Flashing hydrocarbons This group covers
hydrocarbons with a vapor pressure greater
than 1 bar (14.5 PSI)
78

Selection Flowchart
Each application
group has its own
path although all
application groups
share some common
selection procedures
Selection charts for
seal type and piping
plans are unique for
each fluid type

79

Identify Service
Identify application (fluid, temperature, pressure, speed,
contaminants, etc.)
Classify fluid as non-hydrocarbon, non-flashing
hydrocarbon, or flashing hydrocarbon
Determine if application is outside the range of the
selection criteria

Over 260C (500F) or 21 bar (300 PSI) for Category 1 seals

Over 400C (750F) or 41 bar (600 PSI) Category 2 and 3 seals
Surface speeds above 23 m/s (4500 ft/min)
Vapor pressures over 34 bar (493 PSIA)
High concentration of solids
Shafts larger than 110mm (4.3 inches) or smaller than 20mm
(0.75 inches)

80

Select Seal Category

Selection based on features for each
category

Intended pump design

Pressure and temperature
Required features
Required documentation

Purchaser will specify category to seal

supplier
81

Select Seal Type

Each application group
has its own sheet
Selection based on
matrix
Output is seal type and
required special
features
Features required cover
abrasives, caustics,
amines, ammonia, and
H2S

Water

Water

Water

Pumping
Temp, F

< 180

<180

>180

Pressure,
Category 1

<300

Pressure,
Cat. 2 and 3

<300 PSI

300 to 600
PSI

<600 PSI

Standard
seal type

Options
when
specified

B
C

ES

ES

<300

Required
special
features
Abrasive
particles

Fluid
circulating
device
Hardface
to
hardface

Hardface
to
hardface

Hardface
to
hardface

82

Select Seal Arrangement

Flowchart directs user through a series of
Yes/No questions
Output is required seal arrangement
Questions include the following topics
Regulations
Consequences of leakage on environment,
personal safety, regulations
Experience and operating practices

Selection may be made by the user or seal OEM

83

Select Seal Flush Plan

Each application
group has its own
sheet
User begin the flow
chart at the starting
point for the
selected seal
arrangement
Output is the
required piping
plan(s)
84

Select Buffer/Barrier Fluid

Standard gives basic guidelines for
selection of buffer and barrier fluids
Topics include:

Chemical and material compatibility

Gas absorption on pressurized seals
Recommended viscosity ranges
Environmental and safety
considerations
85

Tutorials
Along with the selection procedure,
Annex A also includes extensive
tutorials
Background of selection procedure
Guidelines for specific applications
Insights into the seal arrangement
selection questions
Tutorials on piping plans
86

Piping Plans
The complete listing of piping plans is
covered in Annex D
Continuation of piping plans from the
First Edition
New piping plans introduced:
Moved over from API 610
Variations of dual pressurized liquid plans
Plans for containment and dual gas seals
87

Plan 14

88

Plan 53A

89

Plan 53B

90

Plan 53C

91

Plan 65

92

Plan 71

93

Plan 72

94

Plan 74

95

Plan 75

96

Plan 76

97

Data Sheets
First Edition has a five-page seal data sheet
along with a two-page pump data sheet
The Second Edition only requires the user to
fill out a two-page data sheet
Categories 1 and 2 are grouped together and
have a two-page data sheet
Category 3 has a separate two-page data
sheet
Data sheets are available in both SI and US
Customary units
98

Data Sheets
Hard copies may
be reproduced
from the
standard
Excel
spreadsheet
copies are also
available

99

Seal Code

Informative
Different from 1st Edition
Different from API 610
Four segment code

First segment seal category (C1, C2, C3)

Second segment arrangement (A1, A2, A3)
Third segment seal type (A, B, C)
Fourth segment piping plan (e.g. 11)
100

Seal Code
C1A1B11

Category 1 seal
Arrangement 1 (single seal)
Type B seal (bellows)
Plan 11

C3A3A53B

Category 3 seal
Arrangement 3 (dual pressurized seal)
Type A seal (pusher)
Plan 53B (liquid barrier fluid pressurized
by a bladder accumulator)
101

Questions?

102