Scribd
Upload
789 views28 pages

Ash Management in Power Plant Boilers

Fly ash and bottom ash are residues produced from burning fossil fuels in boilers. The major constituents of ash include silica, alumina, iron oxide, calcium oxide, and magnesium oxide. Ash has characteristic fusion temperatures over 1200°C. Equipment used to remove ash from boilers includes traveling grates, sifting deashers, water lances to clean water walls, and steam soot blowers to clean heat transfer surfaces prone to fouling. The bottom ash conveying system transports ash from the furnace to disposal and is cooled with water to quench the ash.

Uploaded by

Sarah Frazier
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • CGR,
  • SO3,
  • Operating Water Pressure,
  • Ash Fusion Characteristics,
  • Ash Hopper,
  • Combustion Chamber Ash,
  • Clinker,
  • Material Conveyed,
  • Future Additions,
  • Steam Soot Blowers Installatio…
789 views28 pages

Ash Management in Power Plant Boilers

Fly ash and bottom ash are residues produced from burning fossil fuels in boilers. The major constituents of ash include silica, alumina, iron oxide, calcium oxide, and magnesium oxide. Ash has characteristic fusion temperatures over 1200°C. Equipment used to remove ash from boilers includes traveling grates, sifting deashers, water lances to clean water walls, and steam soot blowers to clean heat transfer surfaces prone to fouling. The bottom ash conveying system transports ash from the furnace to disposal and is cooled with water to quench the ash.

Uploaded by

Sarah Frazier
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • CGR,
  • SO3,
  • Operating Water Pressure,
  • Ash Fusion Characteristics,
  • Ash Hopper,
  • Combustion Chamber Ash,
  • Clinker,
  • Material Conveyed,
  • Future Additions,
  • Steam Soot Blowers Installatio…

Residue after burning of fossil fuels

Fly Ash

Bottom Ash

Clinker

CONSTITUENTS OF ASH

SiO2
Al2O3

60%
10%

Fe2O3

14%

CaO
MgO
SO3

8%
2%
5%

Others

Rest

ASH FUSION CHARACTERSTICS

IDP

1250OC

BP
FDP

1350OC
1400OC

CGR
(Dia 6000mm)

AAF
(Dia 3000mm)

FLAME
CORE

EQUIPMENT USED FOR REMOVING ASH AND


CLEANING BOILERS FURNACE SIDE
AFTER BURNING GRATES
SUBMERGED SCRAPPER CONVEYOR.
STEAM SOOT BLOWERS.
WATER LANCES

ABG AND ASH HOPPER SCRAPER SYSTEM (TS I EXP)


HOT COMBUSTION AIR

SERVICE WATER
M

SERVICE WATER

TO WASTE

ASH HOPPER
COOLING BARS

ASH HOPPER

ABG VIEW FROM LEFT WALL

To take up the combustion chamber ash


To minimise the unburnt residue.
To absorb the kinetic energy of falling slag chunks.
To attain an eveness of ash discharge.
To store the combustion chamber ash.
To attain an air tight seal to the surrounding.
To create a surface under boiler for inspections.
To minimise the steam explosions.

Traveling Grates

2 per boiler

Ash rate

5.4 t/h (min) & 8.1 t/h( max)

Ash collecting time on grates

4 hrs

[Link] loads on grates

20 hrs

Under grate air temp.

250oC(normal)/310oC(max)

Under grate air pressure

15 mbar

Under grate air quantity

2.1 t/h

Grate Width

2.1 m

Grate length, axle distance /


usable
Grate area, total / usable

6.4 m / 5.5 m

Grate drive motor power

4 kw

13.44 m2 / 11.55 m2

Sifting De Ashers

2 per boiler

Sifting deasher width

1.8 m

Sifting deasher length

6.4 m

Sifting deasher, driving power

1.5 kw

Air tight sealing for the bottom of the furnace.


Systematic cooling down of the furnace ash.
Quenching of the ash.
Ash discharge and conveyance.

Material Conveyed

Bottom Ash

Distance between centers

15,400 mm

Capacity

8.1 t/hr

Conveying Speed

0.02 m/sec

Trough Width

1600 mm

Motor Installed

1.5 kw

Motor Speed

1500 rpm

Water temperature

55oC (for normal opn.)


60oC (when conveying
maximum ash 25t/h)

WORKING OF ABG & SSC

SLAGGING
DEPOSITION OF MOLTEN OR
PARITIALLY FUSED ASH PARTICLES ON
FURNACE TUBE SURFACES IS CALLED
SLAGGING.
SLAGGING MAINLY OCCURS ON
WATER WALL TUBES.
WATER LANCES ARE USED FOR
CLEANING THE WATER WALLS.

ARRANGEMENT OF WATER LANCE

WATER LANCES
8 NOS. INSTALLED
2 NOS. PER WATER WALL.
30.360M LEVEL& 34.700M LEVEL (PROVISION AVAILABLE AT 17.2M)
PROVIDED WITH TWO PUMPS AT 0M LEVEL TO BOOST SERVICE
WATER PRESSURE.
OPERATING WATER PRESSURE 10-12 BAR.
WATER FLOW 25-27 T/HR
MAXIMUM ANGLE OF JET HEAD IS 90O.

AREA COVERED BY WATER LANCE

FOULING
CONDENSATION OF VOLATILE INORGANICS ON
HEAT TRANSFER AREA IS CALLED FOULING.
FOULING MAINLY OCCURS ON CONVECTIVE
HEAT TRANSFER SURFACES LIKE SUPEHEATERS,
REHEATERS & ECONOMISERS.
STEAM SOOT BLOWERS ARE PROVIDED IN THE
BOILER FOR CLEANING THESE DEPOSITION.

ARRANGEMENT OF STEAM SOOT BLOWERS


STEAM SOOT BLOWERS SCHEME

PI

LEFT COLUMN

EL 64051

RIGHT COLUMN

STEAM FROM SH BANKS


Po = 161.4 Bar,
To = 462C , F =
0.62 Kg/s

EL 56331

EL 53233

EL 49583

RSD SOOT
BLOWERS

TI

PI

E
H

STEAM FROM AUX. HEADER


Po = 18 Bar, To =
260 C , F = 0.62
Kg/s
Flue gas

Flue gas

RAPH Air

Air RAPH

TO IBD TANK

24 STEAM SOOT BLOWERS ARE INSTALLED.


6 FOR SH3
6 FOR RH2
6 FOR SH2
6 FOR ECO
18 SPACES FOR FUTURE ADDITION ARE
PROVIDED
6 STEAM SOOT BLOWERS FOR RSDs PROVIDED.
4 STEAM SOOT BLOWERS FOR RAPHs
PROVIDED.

You might also like