GIS Applications in
FLUP
GIS 243 Objectives
To understand what is spatial and GIS analysis
To learn how to use GIS tools in creating, editing
and updating spatial data
To learn how to use GIS tools in analyzing maps
To learn how to effectively present spatial data
To apply the tools in GIS on a social science
problem
GIS and Geography
Geography Is the Science of GIS
providing the framework of analysis
geography's way of looking at the world through the
lenses of space, place, and scale;
geography's domains of synthesis: environmentalsocietal dynamics relating human action to the physical
environment, environmental dynamics linking physical
systems, and human-societal dynamics linking
economic, social, and political systems; and
spatial representation using visual, verbal,
mathematical, digital, and cognitive approaches.
Measuring and Integrating the Parts...
Social Factors
Biodiversity
Infrastructure
Land Use
Environmental
Condition
Means Seeing the Whole
What is GIS
An organized collection of computer
hardware, software, geographic data and
personnel
designed to efficiently capture,
Store, update, manipulate,
analyze
display all forms of geographically
referenced information.
Components of GIS
Hardware
Computer, printer, digitizer, etc
Software
GIS software (i.e. ArcInfo, Geomedia,
Arcview, MapInfo, ERDAS, ENVI)
Geographic Data
Maps, aerial photos, satellite imagery
Personnel
Inputs data, asks questions, implement
procedures
What type of questions can
GIS answer?
Where is it at..? Location
What exists at a particular location
Place name, post or zip code, latitude and
longitude
What type of questions can
GIS answer?
Where is it? Condition
Requires spatial analysis
Find a location where certain conditions are
satisfied
What type of questions can
GIS answer?
What has changed since? Trends
Find the differences within an area over time
Phenomena over space and time
What type of questions can
GIS answer?
What spatial patterns exist
Phenomena over space
What type of questions can
GIS answer?
What if? Modelling
Process of looking at characteristics from a
number of layers for each location to solve a
problem
What is GIS Analysis
Showing the geographic distribution of
data
Simple presentation of features or events
is part of analysis
Map is the analysis
Mind discerns spatial pattern
Which feature connect with each other
Which features are adjacent to others
Which features are contained in an area
Which features intersect
Which features are near others
the difference in elevation of features
Relative position among features
What is GIS Analysis
Querying GIS data
Selecting from database
Identify and focus on specific set of features
attribute and location queries
Attribute or Aspatial
find features based on its attribute
What features are in the same category
Location queries or spatial queries
Find features based on where they are
Important thing about these queries
is you see results on the map
What is GIS Analysis
Identifying whats nearby
What is near a feature
Output of one procedure can be used in
another
What is GIS Analysis
Overlaying different layers
Create new info from overlays
Several spatial overlay operations like union,
intersect, merge, dissolve and clip
What is GIS Analysis
Complex analysis
Combining all techniques
Create a model of the world to solve
complicated problems
GIS performs it rapidly repeat and with
different parameters
GIS programs
Arcview 3.x
ArcINFO
ArcGIS 9.x
Manifold
MapINFO
Image processing with GIS
ArcExplorer
Organization of Course
Introduction
What is GIS?
GIS programs and Arcview
Handling Data
- Displaying, tabular operations,
- Spatial Data Analysis
- Theme-on-theme selections
- Geoprocessing
- Presenting data
End
