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BVB

PCV (packed cell volume) measures the percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells. It is determined using centrifugation to separate red blood cells from other blood components. PCV is used as a screening test for anemia and polycythemia. Additional red blood cell measurements including RBC count, MCV, MCH, and MCHC provide further information about red blood cell size, hemoglobin concentration, and help diagnose different types of anemia. These measurements are calculated using formulas incorporating PCV, hemoglobin level, and RBC count.

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327 views23 pages

BVB

PCV (packed cell volume) measures the percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells. It is determined using centrifugation to separate red blood cells from other blood components. PCV is used as a screening test for anemia and polycythemia. Additional red blood cell measurements including RBC count, MCV, MCH, and MCHC provide further information about red blood cell size, hemoglobin concentration, and help diagnose different types of anemia. These measurements are calculated using formulas incorporating PCV, hemoglobin level, and RBC count.

Uploaded by

IFOZAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PCV=manual method

HCT(Haematocrit)=automated coulter counter

PCV: Percentage of a volume of blood occupied


by red cells
i.e the ratio of the height of red cell column to
that of the whole blood sample in the tube.
Used for: 1-screening test for anemia or
polycythemia (PCV=3Hb)
2- calculate red cell indices

Methods:
Macro method using wintrobe method which
is no longer used in routine use b/c it takes
big amount of blood & more time to PPT.

Micro method by using capillary tubes with a


centrifugal forces of 10000 rpm and 5 min.

Adv: 1-better backing of RBC


2- Short time of centrifugation

PCV units: % or L/L


Volume of RBC volume of whole blood x100
Normal range:
men
0.45 + 0.05 L/L (40-50%)
women 0.41 + 0.05 L/L
(36-46%)
infant
0.60 + 0.15 L/L (45-75%)

Normal range:
Men:
5 + 0.5 x 106 cells /L
5 + 0.5 x 1012 cells /L

Women: 4.3 + 0.5 x 106 cells /L


4.3 + 0.5 x 1012 cells /L

it is a screening test for anemia or


polycythemia

In RBC count use diluent 3.2formal


citrate=3.2 sodium citrate+ formaldehyde
transparence gives color to RBCs and
platelets and lyses the WBC

method:
20 L from EDTA blood
+
4mL from diluent(formal citrate)=4000L

Using Improved neubauer counting champer


Called ( haemocytometer)
Contain 9 squares each square area size is
1mm X 1mm , each square contain a volume
of 0.1L of diluted blood
examine at 40 X objective

20L of blood
1

4000L of diluent
200

Dilution factor= 200


RBC Square volume =0.1L
The volume of diluted blood in the 5 squares is
=0.1X1 =0.02l
5

N
?

0.02L
1L

Number of cells in 1ML in diluted blood=


=N
=N= NX100= NX50
0.02 2
2
100
Number of cells in 1ML in whole blood = NX50X200
= NX10000
e.g:N= No of RBC in 5squares=500

Number of cells in 1L in whole blood=5000000

= 5X106 Cell/L
=5X1012 Cell/L

They are calculated using:


PCV,Hb and RBC counts

Used for:
Diagnosis and classification of anaemia.

The most used indices are:


MCV ,MCH and MCHC.

Def: the average volume of a single red cell

Unit: Femtoliter (FL)

Calculate it by using: PCV and RBC count

MCV = PCV% x 10
RBC

0.45L/L
5X1012 /L

X 103 =450 =90 X10-15 L=90FL


103 5X1015

Simplified calculation:
MCV=PCV % X10=45X10= 90 FL
RBC W/O 10
5
12

MCV normal range :76 96 fL


We can determine the size of RBC
Within normal range=normal=normocytic
Below the normal range=small=microcytic
Above the normal range=large=macrocytic
The MCV increased in Macrocytic anaemia:
e.g: megaloblastic anaemia
MCV decreased in Microcytic anaemia:
e.g:iron deficiency anaemia

Def:the average weight of Hb in one red cell

Unit:Picogram (Pg)

Calculate it by using :Hb and RBC

MCH=Hb g/dlx10
RBC

=150

=30=30X10-12 g=30 Pg

5X1012
1012
Simplified calculation:
MCH=Hb g/dl
X10=15x10=30 pg
RBC W/O 10
5
12

We can determine the Wt of Hb inside one RBC


Within normal range=normal=normochromic
Below the normal range=pale=hypochromic
Above the normal range=dark=hyperchromic

Def:concentration of Hb per unit volume of red


cell.
Unit: % or g/dL or g/L
Normal range=32-36 g/dL or (%)
320-360 g/L
Calculate it by using: PCV and Hb
MCHC=Hb g/dl x 100
PCV %
MCHC is the only measurment which can
obtained accuracy by manual method

=15 x100=33.3% or g/dl =333 g/L


45

Fully saturated RBC has Hb concentration of


36 g/dl.

by using MCHC we can determine the degree


of hypocromia present in iron deficiency
anaemia

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