Fire Extinguishers
Introduction
A fire extinguisher is an active fore protection device used to extinguish or
control small fire.
It consists of a hand held cylindrical pressure vessel containing an agent
which can be discharged to extinguish a fire.
Type of extinguishers- there are main two type of extinguishers
1.stored pressure type
2.cartridge type
1. Cartridge type- pressure provided by the piercing of an inert gas in
separate cartridge
2. Stored pressure - pressure is stored in the extinguisher.
Cont..
There are different type of extinguisher for fighting the
different kinds of fire.
The 4 most common types of fire extinguishers are:
1.Water Type
2.Foam Type
3.Dry Chemical Powder(BC, ABC)
4.Carbon Dioxide (CO
2
)
1. Water Type Fire Extinguishers-
Water, the best fire extinguishing
agent suited for combating fires
involving ordinary materials like
wood, paper, cloth, rubber.
Water extinguishes fire rapidly by
striking, instant cooling & quenching
effects.
Foam Type Extinguisher
Foam is a powerful knockdown agent
for spill fires involving inflammable
liquids. This extinguisher forms a
thick later of foam over the burning
Surface , effectively cutting of
atmospheric supply of oxygen to the
burning surface there by smothering
the fire and preventing re-ignition.
Foam extinguishes .fire by giving
blanketing effect.
Dry chemical powder extinguisher
Dry chemical powder extinguishers come in a variety of types. These are
filled with dry powder and pressurized with nitrogen.
Dry Chemical Powder
ABC (can be used on Class A, B, or C fires)
BC (designed for use on Class B and C fires)
ABC fire extinguishers are filled with a fine yellow powder. The greatest
portion of this powder is composed of mono ammonium phosphate. The
extinguishers are pressurized with nitrogen.
BC this is regular type of dry chemical extinguisher.it is filled with sodium
bicarbonate.it leaves
a mildly corrosive
residue which must
be cleaned Immediately
to prevent any damage
to materials.
Carbon di-oxide type
Used for class B and C class fires.
it contain carbon di-oxide , non
flammable gas and are highly
pressurized. They do not work
on class A fire because they may
not be able to displace enough
oxygen to put the fire out.
Water
type Extinguisher
Foam Fire Extinguishers
Dry Chemical Fire Extinguishers
CO2 type extinguisher
Fire extinguisher chart
Operating procedure for fire extinguisher
Common procedure are as follows-
1. Rush to the fire location and understand the type of fire and the nature of
burning object.
2. Select the correct type of fire extinguisher & remove from position.
3.Remove the safety lock or pin.
4.Operate and discharge the extinguisher according the type.
5.Direct the jet at the core, base or top depending upon the type of extinguisher
and sweep it across the area of fire.
6. Attack the fire from a safe distance and at the same time take care about the
spill over the burning liquids and the other hot object in the area.
7.In case of indoor fires stay close to the door and fight the fire.
8.Do not operate foam type extinguisher on the electrical gadgets. switch off the
electrical mains as first step before fighting any fire.
9. Ensure that the fire is completely put out.
How to use a fire extinguisher
P -This is allow you to
discharge the extinguisher.
Aim at the base of the fire
Squeeze the top handle.
This depresses the button
that released pressurized agent
sweep from side to side
THANK YOU
