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Male Reproductive System Guide

The male reproductive system includes both internal and external structures. Internally, sperm are produced in the testes through spermatogenesis and travel through the epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles and prostate gland to form semen. During sexual arousal, blood flow increases in the penis causing an erection. Upon further stimulation, semen is emitted through the urethra and ejaculated in a series of contractions, resulting in orgasm. The male then enters a resolution phase where tissues return to their normal state.

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927 views13 pages

Male Reproductive System Guide

The male reproductive system includes both internal and external structures. Internally, sperm are produced in the testes through spermatogenesis and travel through the epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles and prostate gland to form semen. During sexual arousal, blood flow increases in the penis causing an erection. Upon further stimulation, semen is emitted through the urethra and ejaculated in a series of contractions, resulting in orgasm. The male then enters a resolution phase where tissues return to their normal state.

Uploaded by

rambabs369
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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  • General Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System: Provides an overview of the anatomical structures of the male reproductive system.
  • Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System: Illustrates the detailed anatomy of the male reproductive system focusing on various components and their functions.
  • Internal and External Anatomy of the Testis: Describes the internal and external structures of the testis and the pathway for sperm.
  • Histology of the Testis and Spermatogenesis: Explains the microscopic anatomy of the testis and the process of spermatogenesis.
  • Steps of Spermatogenesis: Details the steps involved in spermatogenesis, highlighting cellular changes and development.
  • Organs Involved in the Production of Semen: Lists and describes the organs involved in semen production, including their functions and contributions.
  • The Male Sexual Response: Outlines the physiological process of male sexual response from arousal to resolution.

General Anatomy of the

Male Reproductive System

General Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System

Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System

Internal and external anatomy of the Testis


Pathway for Sperm 1. Seminiferous tubule 2. Straight tubule 3. Rete testis 4. Efferent duct 5. Ductus Epididymis 6. Ductus deferens

Histology of the Testis and Spermatogenesis

Steps of Spermatogenesis
Spermatids: Cells resulting from meiosis II, become spermatozoa

Organs involved in the Production of Semen


Seminal Fluid: Volume of a typical ejaculation is 2.5 5.0ml with a sperm count of 50 150 million sperm (under 20 million sperm is considered infertile), fluid is slightly alkaline at pH 7.2 7.7.

Seminal Vesicles: Produce 60% of the volume of seminal fluid; SVs produce an alkaline viscous fluid that contains: fructose, prostaglandins, and clotting proteins

Organs involved in the Production of Semen


Prostate Gland: Produce 25% of the volume of seminal fluid; This fluid is a milky, slightly acidic fluid that contains citric acid (for ATP production), acid phosphatase along with several other enzymes ( prostate-specific antigen PSA, pepsinogen, and lysozyme Bulbo-urethral gland: produces alkaline mucus that help lubricate the urethra and the head of the penis Ampulla of ductus deferens: releases up to 150 million sperm cells

The Male Sexual Response


Arousal: various erotic thoughts and physical stimulation triggers parasympathetic reflexes that cause an erection. Erection: occurs when neurons release Nitric oxide at their synaptic endings. NO causes smooth muscles of the penile arteries to relax, vessels dilate, blood flow to the erectile tissue increases . The vascular channels engorge with blood, resulting pressure causes the penis to become stiff.

The Male Sexual Response


During arousal increases in heart rate, blood pressure, skeletal muscle tone, and hyperventilation occur Bulbourethral glands: continued stimulation causes the release of mucus from these glands, this mucus lubricates the penile urethra and the glans penis. These secretions can carry sperm.

The Male Sexual Response


Plateau stage: Changes that begin during arousal are sustained at an intense level, head of the penis increases in diameter and the testes swell due to vasocongestion. Toward the end of the plateau stage, emission occurs. Emission: sympathetic stimulation causes peristaltic contractions of the ampulla that push fluid and spermatozoa into the ejaculatory duct, peristaltic contractions of the seminal vesicles and the prostate push seminal fluid in the ejaculatory duct and the penile urethra. Contraction of the internal urethral sphincter and the bladder occurs.

The Male Sexual Response


Ejaculation: Sympathetic stimulation of the ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles causes powerful rhythmic contractions that push the semen out of the penile urethra. Orgasm; intensely pleasurable sensations associated with ejaculation. Other physiological changes include pronounced increase in heart rate and blood pressure.

The Male Sexual Response


Resolution: Sense of profound relaxation- genital tissues, heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, and muscle tone return to normal. During early period of resolution, males enter a refractory period during which a second ejaculation and orgasm are physiologically impossible.

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