Research Design
Presented By: Pandya Mruga Vaneshchandra
Definition
Research Design is the conceptual structure within
which research is conducted; it constitutes the blue print for the collection, measurement and analysis of data.
A research design is a set of logical procedures that
(when followed) enables one to obtain evidence to determine the degree to which a theoretical hypothesis (or set of hypotheses) is/are correct.
Is a plan for selecting the sources and types of
information used to answer the research question.
Functions of Research Design
According to Black and Champion (1976-77), the three important functions of Research Design are:
It provides blueprint. It limits boundaries of research activity. It enables investigation to anticipate potential
problems.
Features of A Good Research Design
Flexible
Appropriate Efficient Economical Minimize bias factor Increases reliability factor Etc.
Major Types Of Research
Design of Investigation should stem from the problem. Based on the fundamental objectives or purposes, research design has been classified into:
Exploratory or Formulative Research/ Design
Descriptive and Diagnostic Research Design Causal or Experimental Research Design
Exploratory Research Design
Exploratory Studies are carried out to explore a
subject
Exploratory research is unstructured, informal
research undertaken to gain background information about the general nature of the research problem.
Clarify and formulate a more precise research
problem and hypothesis
Achieve new insights or ideas into a phenomenon
Exploratory Research Design
Methods of Conducting exploratory research:
Survey of related literature/ Secondary data
analysis
Experience Surveys Case Analysis or Case Study Approach
Descriptive and Diagnostic Design
This research design provides answers to:
Who What Where When How
Descriptive and Diagnostic Design
Descriptive research is designed to provide
further insight into the research problem by describing the variables of Interest.
The major purpose of descriptive research is the
description of the state of affairs as it exist at present.
Causal/ Experimental Design
It is concerned with making experiments to find
out the cause-effect relationship of variables under study.
The main purpose of exp. design is to test a
causal hypothesis.
The premise of the design is that something (an
independent variable) directly influences the behaviour of something else (the dependant variable).
Research Design Table
Research Purposes
Data to Collect
Data Analysis Approach
Informants
Questions relating to the Research Purposes column include
What is my research problem? What are the key dimensions of this problem?
What specific questions does this problem generate?
Which of these questions can I hope to address well? How can I analyze my problem and questions to specify
a succinct set of research aims and objectives, and a finite set of research questions?
Questions relating to the Data collection include
What kinds of research data will I (need to) collect? How will this data help/allow me to address my research
purposes?
How will I collect this data? How much data will I collect? How will I validate this data or establish that it is good
quality data?
How will I organize this data so it will be in good shape for
being analyzed?
Questions relating to the Data Analysis column include
What forms of data analysis will I use? What justifies these forms of analysis? How will they
help me achieve my research purposes?
How are these forms of analysis conducted? What do I need to know, be able to do and have
access to do in order to use these forms of analysis in an expert way?
What will these forms of analysis let me say about
the data (and not say)?
Questions relating to the Informants column include
Who writes about the aspects covered in the previous
questions, and who can therefore help guide us in our work? In more specific terms, the following questions may be asked:
Who helps us understand how to frame and refine research
purposes? What are some relevant books, articles, and chapters that we can read here?
Who provides us with theories and concepts that are relevant
to our research problem and questions, and that will guide us in deciding what kinds of data to collect and how to analyze it?
Who provides good advice on how to collect, validate and
organize data? What are some relevant books, articles, and chapters that we can read here?
Who provides good information about how to analyze data?
What are some relevant books, articles, and chapters that we
Tentative Research Design
Objective - To develop an instrument for assessing HRQ Literature survey Linkage with EQ Employee measurements and EQ EQ variables and indicators EQ model Development of questionnaire for each indicator Selection of sample units
Administration of questionnaire to 5 sample units (five
point likert rating scale)
In two spells Scrutiny of responses for consistency Data entry to SPSS Testing the Instrument Reliability test- Factor analysis- Significance Analysis( T
test)
Analysis and presentation of data (Tabulation of data)
Conclusion
Thank You
