Bapuji S Palki, INCRC/PowerTechnologies, 15-11-2009

Protection Application An Overview

Part 2A
ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 1

 ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 2

Layouts

Typical Parts of a Power Plant

Substation

Busbar in Substation HV - Breaker Main Transformer Generator Breaker Excitation Transformer Turbine valve Turbine - Generator G Excitation System Field Circuit Breaker Power plant Auxiliary Transformer

Earthing System

Generator Protection

Possible Faults

Stator Earth Faults Rotor Earth Faults Stator Short Circuits Stator/Rotor Interturn faults External faults

Generator Protection

Abnormal Operating Condition

overcurrent/overload unbalanced load overtemperature over- and undervoltage over- and underexcitation over- and underfrequency over-fluxing asynchronous running out of step generator motoring failures in the machine control system (i.e. AVR or governor failure) failures in the machine cooling system failures in the primary equipment (i.e. breaker head flashover) open phase

Following are the various protections recommended for the generator and generator transformer protection:

Type of fault GENERATOR STATOR Short Circuits

ANSI Device Protection Functions No.

87G 87GT 21G 51 / 27 G 46G 51G 64G1 64G2

Generator differential Overall differential Minimum impedance (or alternatively Over current / under voltage) Negative sequence Overload 95% stator earth fault 100% stator earth fault

Asymmetry Stator overload Earth fault stator

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 6

Loss of excitation Out of step Monitoring Blade fatigue Inter turn fault Mag. Circuits Higher voltage Accidental energisation Monitoring

40G 98G 32G / 37G 81G 95G 99G 59G 27 / 50 G 60 G

Loss of excitation Pole slip Low forward power / reverse power (double protection for large generators) Minimum frequency Over voltage or over current Overfluxing volt / Hz Over voltage Dead machine PT fuse failure

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 7

GENERATOR ROTOR Rotor ground GENERATOR TRANSFORMER Short Circuits Ground fault Overhang UNIT AUXILIARY TRANSFORMER Short circuit Ground fault

64F

Rotor earth fault

87GT 51GT 87T 51NGT 87NT 87HV

Overall differential Overcurrent Transformer differential Earth fault over-current Restricted earth fault HV winding cum overhang differential

87 UAT 51 UAT 51 UAT 64 UAT

Transformer differential Over-current Restricted over-current Restricted earth fault

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 8

50/51
Unit aux. transformer

64F
Field winding ground-fault RAGRA (RXNB4) 1) Instruments

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 9

Protection and Monitoring

REG 670 Different applications

REG 670 provides extensive protection and monitoring functionality

1ph U

The REG 670 provides protection functions and concepts for:

3ph U

Turbine (frequency, reverse power) Generator (Main1/Main2, Main/Back-up) Generator transformer/Step-up transformer Auxiliary/Station service transformer Excitation transformer

3ph I

1ph U

1ph I

3ph I

1ph U

REG 670 focus on the optimized integration and function to protect your generator

IEC 61850

A Breakthrough for Substation Automation

One world One technology One standard

IEC 61850

Combining the best properties in a new way...

 ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 12

Power transformers in a power system

400 kV AC Transmission

130 kV Subtransmission

Generation
MV

Distribution

LV M

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 13

315MVA Transformer

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 14

Cooling

Outer Ci rcui t H eat D i ssi pati on Pump opti onal

I nner Ci rcui t H eat Producti on (Core and Wi ndi ngs)

In principle the larger the losses in the Inner Circuit the larger the size of the Outer Circuit (coolers or radiators) There is nevertheless a limit either due to the size of the coolers or to the impossibility of cooling a certain spot (hot-spot) in the Inner Circuit A pump to move the oil is often unnecessary. The generated heat will act as a siphon

F an opti onal

Oi l i mmersed Tank

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 15

Types of Internal Faults

Earth faults Short-circuits Inter turn Faults Core Faults Tank Faults Reduced cooling

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 16

Abnormal Conditions

Overload

Over voltage

Reduced system voltage

Over excitation

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 17

Overload Capability

It is possible to overload power transformers

Older transformers may withstand 140% continuously

Overloading and loss of cooling causes overheating

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 18

Protective Relays Used ( Transformers > 5 MVA)

Gas detector relay ( Buchholz) Over load protection

Thermal relays Temperature monitoring relays

Over current protection Ground fault protection Differential protection Interturn faults Pressure relay for tap changer Oil level monitor

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 19

Protective Relays Used ( Transformers < 5 MVA)

Gas detector relay Overload protection Overcurrent protection Ground fault protection

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 20

Monitors
Monitors are very important devices which detect faults and abnormal service conditions which may develop into fault.

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 21

Transformer Monitors

Mechanical fault detectors

Sudden gas pressure protection Buchholz protection Oil level monitoring

Temperature Monitoring

The oil thermometer The winding thermometer

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 22

Transformer protection with 670/650 series

670 series optimized for generation and transmission applications provide versatile functionality, maximum flexibility and performance to meet the highest requirements of any application in generation and transmission protection systems. 650 series your best choice for subtransmission applications provide offthe-shelf, ready to use solutions for transformer protection applications primarily in sub-transmission networks.

Introduction Transformer Protection 670/650 series Openness and flexibility Reliable Operation Complementary functionality Control Capabilities Communication Offering and application examples Technology Summary Relion Summary

ABB Group November 2009 | Slide 23

Fully compliant to the IEC 61850 standard

Introduction Line Distance Protection 670/650 series Reliable Operation Complementary functionality Control Capabilities Communication Offering and application examples Technology Summary Relion Summary

Unrivalled compatibility for new and retrofit installations Designed for IEC 61850, implementing the core values of this standard Ensures open, future-proof and flexible system architectures, with state-of-the-art performance Interoperates with other IEC 61850 compliant IEDs

ABB Group November 2009 | Slide 24

 ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 25

The reactor absorbs the capacitive power generated in long lines

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 26

Shunt Reactor

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 27

ABC

ABC

L
Lp Lp Lp

Ln

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 28

General

Shunt reactors are used in EHV systems to limit the over voltages due to capacitive VAR generation in Long Transmission Lines The shunt reactors are normally connected

Through isolators to a line Through circuit breakers to a busbar Through circuit breakers to the tertiary of a Interconnecting transformer

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 29

Different locations of reactor

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 30

Internal Faults
Faults occur in shunt reactors due to insulation breakdown, ageing of insulation, overheating due to over excitation, oil contamination and leakage

Dry air-core reactors

Phase-to-phase faults , resulting in high magnitude phase current Phase-to-earth faults ,, resulting in a low-magnitude earth-fault current, dependent upon the size of the system earthing. Turn-to-turn faults within the reactor bank, resulting in a very small change in phase current

Oil-immersed reactors

High current phase-to-phase and phase-to-earth faults. Turn-to-turn faults within the reactor winding. Miscellaneous failures such as loss of cooling or low oil

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 31

Abnormal Conditions

Inrush currents
Inrush currents flow in connection with energisation Inrush currents usually lower than 200% of rated current

Transient overvoltages Temporary overvoltages

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 32

Shunt Reactor Protections

Differential protection Distance protection Phase over current protection Restricted earth fault protection Mechanical fault detectors Oil temperature and winding temperature protection

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 33

Monitors
Monitors are very important devices which detect faults and abnormal service conditions which may develop into fault.

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 34

Reactor Monitors

Mechanical fault detectors

Sudden gas pressure protection Buchholz protection Oil level monitoring

Temperature Monitoring

The oil thermometer The winding thermometer

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 35

Shunt reactor protection and control

Protection

Introduction Transformer Protection 670/650 series Openness and flexibility Reliable Operation Complementary functionality Control Capabilities Communication Offering and application examples Technology Summary Relion Summary

Phase segregated biased differential protection Low impedance restricted earth-fault High impedance differential protection

Switching control for lines and buses

ABB Group November 2009 | Slide 36

 ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 37

Capacitor Construction

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 38

Power PowerFactor FactorCorrection Correction

Working Power (kW) Reactive Power (kVAR)

KW is the Working Power component kVAR is the Non- Working Power or Reactive Power component to serve inductive loads, which require magnetizing current: Motors, Transformers, Lighting ballast

KVA is the Total Power required to serve a load Capacitors supply the reactive power component Power Factor is a measurement of how efficiently power is being used.

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 39

Increased IncreasedSystem SystemCapacity Capacity

Extra capacity for more KVA
released system capacity

Total Power (KVA) = Working Power (KW) Power Factor

Power Factor Real Power kW Reactive Power kVAR Total Power kVA

60% 600 800 1000

70% 600 612 857

80% 600 450 750

90% 600 291 667

100% 600 Zero 600

By supplying reactive current (kVAR) close to the load, capacitors release system capacity on the entire system and reduce costs.

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 40

Voltage VoltageStability Stability

A feeder circuit will have a voltage drop related to the impedance of the line and the power factor Adding capacitance will actually cause a voltage rise by supplying reactive current to the bus

(less current = less voltage drop)

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 41

Products Capacitors HV Products / Filter Capacitor Banks

Improving the performance, quality and efficiency of electrical systems

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 42

Capacitor banks- General

Normally used in MV networks to generate reactive power Series reactors are used to limit inrush current

Harmonic filters for thyristor controlled reactors are also variation of capacitor banks having reactance tuned to capacitance

Shunt

Capacitors-General

Shunt Capacitor Faults

Terminal shunt faults Capacitor unit failures Capacitor unit over voltages Capacitor rack arc-over

Abnormal Conditions

Inrush currents Transient over voltages Temporary over voltages Out rush currents

Capacitor Bank Protections

Short -circuit protection Ground-fault protection Under current protection Unbalance protection

(3I >>) (I ) (I/U <) (IN-N)

Overload protection(3I/U >)

Fusing Capacitor Fusing

Internally Fused Externally Fused Internal Strings Conventional

Fuse

Discharge Resistor

Fuseless

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 48

SPAJ

160 C : Unbalance , Overload and Under current functions

Bapuji S Palki, INCRC/PowerTechnologies, 15-11-2009

Protection Application An Overview

Part 2B
ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 50

 ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 51

The Electric Utility

Power Evacuation Substation Transmission Substation Switching Substation Distribution Substation

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 52

Transmission Line

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 53

Electrical faults in the power system

Transmission lines Busbar Transformer/ Generator

85% 12% 3%

100%

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 54

Fault types

Transient faults

are common on transmission lines, approximately 80-85% lightnings are the most common reason can also be caused by birds, falling trees, swinging lines etc. will disappear after a short dead interval

Persistent faults

can be caused by a broken conductor fallen down can be a tree falling on a line must be located and repaired before normal service

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 55

Measuring principles

Overcurrent protection Differential protection Phase comparison Distance protection Directional- wave protection

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 56

Overcurrent protection

Are normally used in radial networks with system voltage below 70 kV where relatively long operating time is acceptable. On transmission lines directional or nondirectional over current relays are used as back-up protections.

I>

block

I>

I>

I>

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 57

Pilot wire differential protection

Pilot wires can be in soil or on towers. The resistance in the wires will limit the use on longer lines. The use is mostly restricted to distances up to 10 km.

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 58

Digital differential communication

L1 L2 L3

DL1 DL2 DL3

Digital communication with optical fibres or by multiplexed channels

DL1 DL2 DL3

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 59

Phase comparison
load I1
> >

I2

Phase comparison relays compare the angle difference between the two currents at both ends of the line. The measured time for zero crossing is transmitted to the other end. Normally a start criteria is added to the phase angle requirement.

I1 I2

e1 e2 e1- e2
ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 60

func- tion

I2 I1 I2

The principle of distance protection

ZK=Uk/Ik

Uk
A

Uk=0
metallic fault

Zk Z<

Ik

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 61

Fault resistance

multi-phase faults

L3 L1 L2

L1 L2 L3

consist only of arc resistance

earth faults

consist of arc and tower footing resistance

Warringtons formula

Rarc =

28707 x L I
1.4

L= length of arc in meters I= the actual fault current in A

Footing resistance

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 62

Distance protection on short lines

jX

Quadrilateral characteristic improves sensitivity for higher RF/XF ratio It still has some limitations:

the value of set RF/XF ratio is limited to 5

RF XF

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 63

jX

Distance protection on long lines

Load impedance limits the reach in resistive direction High value of RF/XF ratio is generally not necessary Circular (mho) characteristic

Has no strictly defined reach in resistive direction Needs limitations in resistive direction (blinder)

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 64

The principle of distance protection

t
t3 t2 t1

A
f 1 f 2

l
B
f 3

Z<

Z<

Z<

Z<

t
t3 t2 t1

l
ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 65

The principle of distance protection

Reach setting of zones R/ X Relation GFC (General Fault Criterion) GFC

ZL

ZL

Zb

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 66

PLCC equipment

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 67

Power Swing Blocking function

X Power swing locus

R
t

t = 40 ms

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 68

Series compensated system

jX B A X C =70% X l =100% F1 B

100%
gape flashed

B A R
gape not flashed

Consideration for line distance protections

70%

Correct direction discrim-ination at voltage reversal (negative fault reactance) variation in resulted line impedance

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 69

Line distance protection with Relion 670/650 series For maximum reliability of your power system
Introduction Line

Distance Protection series Operation

670/650 Reliable

Full scheme distance protection with independent phase selection Power swing detection Wide range of scheme communication logics Five zone distance protection

Complementary functionality Control

Capabilities

Communication Offering

and examples Summary

application

Technology Relion

Phase to phase Phase to earth faults

Summary

ABB Group November 2009 Slide 70

Fully compliant to the IEC 61850 standard

Introduction Line

Distance Protection series Operation

670/650 Reliable

Unrivalled compatibility for new and retrofit installations Designed for IEC 61850, implementing the core values of this standard Ensures open, future-proof and flexible system architectures, with state-of-the-art performance Interoperates with other IEC 61850 compliant IEDs

Complementary functionality Control

Capabilities

Communication Offering

and examples Summary

application

Technology Relion

Summary

ABB Group November 2009 Slide 71

 ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 72

Auto Auto reclosing reclosing Cycle Cycle

OH-lines High fault-rate (80-90%)

Fast simultaneous Fault clearing

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 73

AUTORECLOSING AUTORECLOSINGCYCLE CYCLE

OH-lines Intermittent faults (80-90%)

Successful AR-rate : High (80-90%)

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 74

Auto reclosing principles

95% of faults are transient type 3 Ph autoreclosing synchrocheck is used

Helps verify phase angles are not out of phase e.g: due to heavy power swing

1 Ph autoreclosing needs identification of faulty phase

Phase identification is difficult for high resistance faults

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 75

Single-pole Reclosing
Single-Pole Reclosing
ABC ABC

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 76

Artificial extinction of secondary arc by Fixed Four-reactor Scheme

ABC ABC

L
Lp Lp Lp

Ln

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 77

Synchronism and Energizing check

UBus

ULine

UBus

FreqDiff < 50-300 mHz o PhaseDiff < 5-75 UDiff < 5-50% Ur UHigh > 50-120% Ur ULow < 10-100% Ur

U Bus

1-ph ULine

U Line

3-ph (or 1-ph) Fuse fail

SYNC-BLOCK

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 78

 ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 79

Need for Busbar protection

In its absence fault clearance takes place in Zone-II of distance relay by remote end tripping This means slow and unselective tripping and wide spread black out

Effect of delayed clearance

Greater damage at fault point Indirect shock to connected equipments like shafts of Generator and windings of transformer.

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 80

Types of BB Protections

High impedance Medium impedance Low impedance Blockable O/C relay ( For radial systems in distribution systems)

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 81

High impedance bus differential relay

Basic features SETTINGVR > IF ( RCT + 2 RL) RL VR RCT B VK > 2 VR FORVRTOBEZEROFOR EXTERNALFAULT nA = n B 1 + RA / ZA 1 + RB / ZB

n=TURNSRATIO R = RCT + 2 RL Z=MAGNETIZINGIMPEDANCE

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 82

Limitations of High impedance differential relay

Puts stringent requirements on CTs

Need for dedicated CTs Identical CT ratios , magnetising impedances Aux CTs not acceptable

Inability to cope with increasing fault levels

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 83

RADSS medium impedance relay

T MD n MD Ud3

IR1

dR D2 D1

US

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 84

REB500 - Numerical Busbar and Breaker Failure Protection

ABB Network Partner AG

REB 500

C E

Distributed installation
ABB Network Partner AG REB 500 ABB Network Partner AG REB 500 ABB Network Partner AG REB 500

Central Unit

ABB Network Partner AG

REB 500

C E
Bay Unit Bay Unit

C E
Bay Unit
E

C E
Bay Unit
E

C E

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 85

Advantages of medium/ Low impedance relays

Free from any need for Identical CT ratios or matched CTs Other relays can be included in the same CT core Increasing fault levels have no impact

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 86

700A 1000/5 200/5

200A 500/5

500A

3.5A

5A

5A

5/1

5/0.2 0.7A

5/0.5 0.2A 0.5A

Diff. relay RADSS IN SINGLE BUS

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 87

REQUIREMENTS ON THE ISOLATOR AUXILIARY CONTACTS

Isolator Aux. Contact a should close before the primary contact
a b

closes and Aux contact b closes after the primary contact opens.

C Throw-over relay

0% Main contact Aux. Contact a Aux. Contact b

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 88

100%

DOUBLE BUSBAR SYSTEM WITH TRANSFER BUS

BUS - A BUS - B

AUX. BUS

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 89

1- BREAKER SYSTEM
RADSS - A
L1 BUS - A L3 L5

BUS - B

L2

L4

L6

RADSS - B

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 90

Busbar Protection REB670

ABB Group April 2009 Slide 91

 ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 92

History - Circuit breaker development

Example: 420 kV

Air Blast

Oil Minimum

SF6 Gas

around 1960

around 1980

todays technology

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 93

Interrupters Interrupter design

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 94

Relay back-up
RELAY SYSTEM 52 52 52a 52a

CHANNEL

50

RELAY SYSTEM +
ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 95

CHANNEL

Breaker back-up
5 1 2 6

Z<

7 3 4

ForunclearedfaultshownCBstobetrippedare1,3,4&6

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 96

Classical CBFP
Breaker Failure Protection

I> I> I> I>

+ if trip from relay

t trip

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 97

 ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 98

Introduction

Majority faults are earth faults Earth fault protection depends on type of earthing
Effectively earthed Reactance earthed High resistance earthed Resonance earthed

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 99

Measurement of earth fault current

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 100

Measurement of zero sequence voltage

L1 L2 L3

U0>

Earth fault protection in solidly earthed systems

IDMT earth fault relays are used to detect earth faults in effectively earthed system

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 102

Directional Earth Fault Relay

Directional earth fault relays are used Can use communication link Inrush current stabilization may be required for sensitive settings

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 103

Directional earth fault relay for High resistance earthed system

Directional earth fault relay used when in feed of capacitive current from an object is higher than 60% of required sensitivity Measures active component of fault current

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 104

Earth fault in resonance earthed network

A B C I01

C0

R0

I02 L RL

U0 Ief

Earth fault in isolated network

A B C I01

C0

R0

U0

I02

Ief

Directional earth fault relay

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 107

Restricted earth fault relay

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 108

 ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 109

What is Substation Automation ?

A combination of:

Protection Monitoring Control Communication

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 110

What is Substation Automation ?

Substitution for conventional control panels Substitution for other sub systems A more efficient way of controlling your substation

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 111

Theconventionalway
Control Board

Telecontrol RTU

Alarming

Synchronization

Busbar Protection

MARSHALING RACK

Local TELEControl

Interlocking ALARMING

Measuring NISATION

Bay BUSBAR Protection PROTECTION

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 112

The New Way

System Engineering Tool

Station HMI Gateway Station Clock

Station Monitoring System

Communication only during engineering IED Tool

Station bus Bay Control Web Client IEDs Object Protection Control & Protection Multi Object Protection Multi Bay Control

Process bus

Merging Unit

Merging Unit

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 113

Conventional Control & Protection

Fault Recording
ABB 225kV LIGNE ABOBO 1 =D04+R01

Bay Protection
ABB 225kV LIGNE ABOBO 1 =D04+R01 125VDC Distributuion Battery A ABB 125VDC Distributuion Battery B

Busbar Protection
ABB 225kV LIGNE ABOBO 1 =D04+R01 125VDC Distributuion Battery A 125VDC Distributuion Battery B

SCADA RTU
ABB 225kV LIGNE ABOBO 1 =D04+R01 125VDC Distributuion Battery A 125VDC Distributuion Battery B RTU 200 IN 1 IN 2 IN 3 IN 4 IN 5 IN 6 IN 7 IN 8 OUT ON/OFF

Event Recording
ABB 225kV LIGNE ABOBO 1 =D04+R01 125VDC Distributuion Battery A 125VDC Distributuion Battery B

Station Level

125VDC Distrib utuio n Battery A

125VDC Distrib utuion Battery B

Inda ct i c 650

nd ac tic 65 0 I

Indacti c6 50

BAY CONTROL R ELAY REC316*4

RTU 200 IN 1 IN 2 IN 3 IN 4 IN 5 IN 6 IN 7 IN 8 OUT

ON/OFF

LOCAL CONTROL ABB

METERING RTU 200 IN 1 IN 2 IN 3 IN 4 IN 5 IN 6 IN 7 IN 8 OUT

ON/OFF

LINE PROTECTION R ELAY REL316*4 ABB

BUSBAR PROTECTION REB500

ABB

225kV LIGNE ABOBO 1

=D04+R01

ABB

ABB

ABB

Bay Level

For each function a dedicated device and separate Panel

Control Panel

=W1

=W2

-Q1 SEL

-Q2 SEL

-Q0 SEL TESTE LAMPE

Extensive station wide cabling

OUVRIR FERMER ABB

ESC

EXE

Local Control

DISTANCE LOC

Marshalling

Process Level

Extensive bay cabling

-Q2 -Q0 -Q1 -Q9 -Q8

GIS or AIS Switchgear

Substitution of Conventional Technology

Bay Control/Protection Cubicles
Fllanden Steuerung / Schutz =AD17-KB2 Fllanden Steuerung / Schutz =AD17-KB2

MicroSCADA

Feldsteuergert REC216 mit Messung und Synchrocheck

Feldsteuergert REC216 mit Messung und Synchrocheck

Interbay bus Ethernet Switches

d gi tal di gi t al

LEITUNGSHAUPTSCHUTZ REL316*4 I 0 0 I

PRFSTECKER I 0 SCHUTZ EIN/AUS

Reset AUS

STUFENVERL. WE-BLOCK

LEITUN GSHAUPTSCHUTZ REL316*4 I 0 0 I

PRFSTECKER I 0 SCHUTZ EIN/AUS

Reset AUS

STUFENVERL. WE-BLOCK

-Q1

-Q2

COM 581
Power Automation AG ABB COM581

Communication Converter

NCC / RCC
C

-Q0

Marshalling

-Q9

Control Cubicle Relays for control / logic Transducers, Meters Switches, Lamps Annunciators, Terminals Protection Cubicle

-Q8

SER / Fault Recorder

SCADA RTU NCC / RCC

Modern Substation Automation (SA)

Bay Control/Protection Cubicles
Fllanden Steuerung / Schutz =AD17-KB2 Fllanden Steuerung / Schutz =AD17-KB2 220VDC SPAN NUNG SYS 1 220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 2

MicroSCADA

220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 1 220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 2

Feldsteuergert REC216 mit Messung und Synchrocheck I 0 VERRIEGELUNG

Feldsteuergert REC216 mit Messung und Synchrocheck I 0 VERRIEGELUNG

Interbay bus Ethernet Switches

d gi tal di gi t al

LEITUNGSHAUPTSCHUTZ REL316*4 I 0 0 I

PRFSTECKER I 0 SCHUTZ EIN/AUS

Reset AUS

STUFENVERL. WE-BLOCK

LEITUN GSHAUPTSCHUTZ REL316*4 I 0 0 I

PRFSTECKER I 0 SCHUTZ EIN/AUS

Reset AUS

-Q1

-Q2

STUFENVERL. WE-BLOCK

SAMMELSCHIENENSCHUTZ REB500 -X1 SYNCHRONISIERUNG HAND

RESERVESCHUTZ I AUS 0 SCHUTZ EIN/AUS

SAMMELSCHIENENSCHUTZ REB500 -X1 SYNCHR ONISIERUNG HAND

RESERVESCHUTZ I AUS 0 SCHUTZ EIN/AUS

COM 581
Power Automation AG ABB COM581

2 x 220/24V DC/DC SPANNUNGSVERSORGUNG

2 x 220/24V DC/DC SPANNUNGSVERSORGUNG

Communication Converter

NCC / RCC
C E

-Q0

Marshalling

-Q9

Still extensive bay cabling

-Q8

Modern SA Architecture

Station Level

Network Control Center NCC

ABB Network Partner AG

COM581

C E

ABB

225kV L IGNE ABOBO 1

= D04+R 01

125VDC Distributuion Batt er y A

AB B

125VDC Dis tr ibutuion Batt ery B

A B B Net work P a rt n er

RE L 3 16 *4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6

BAY CO NTRO L REL AY REC316*4

=D04 ABOBO 1
=W1

ABB P OW E R MONI TO R I NG UNI T

=W2

-Q1 S EL

-Q 2 SE L

-Q0 S EL

L A MP E TE S T E

OU V RI R

F E RME R DI S TA NCE

ABB
LOCAL CONTROL
AB B

ES C

EXE L OC

METERING
RE L 3 16 *4

A B B Net work P a rt n er

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6

LINE PROTECTIO N RELAY REL316*4

A BB
R E B 5 00

A B B Ne t w o rk P art ne r

BUSBAR PROTECTIO N REB500

Process Level

-Q2 -Q0 -Q1 -Q9 -Q8

Features and Benefits

Interbay

Basic Functionality

Bus

Bay Level

Implementation of Intelligent Technology

Intelligent Primary Equipment
ABB
225kV LIGNE ABOBO 1 =D04+R01 12 5VDC Dis tr ibutuion Bat tery A
AB B

MicroSCADA
125VDC Di s tributuion Battery B

A B B Ne t w o rk P art ne r

RE L31 6*4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

BAY CONTROL RELAY REC316*4

=D04 ABOBO 1
=W1

A BB

PO W E R M ON IT O R I NG UNI T

=W2

-Q1 SEL

M M M

Interbay bus Ethernet Switches

d gi t al t di gi t al i it l

-Q2 S EL

-Q0 SEL

L AM P E T ES TE

OUV RI R

FE RME R D I S T A NCE

-Q1 -Q51

-Q2

?
AB B

ABB

LOCAL SET REMOTE OPERATION

ESC

EX E

LO C

LOCAL CONTROL
RE L31 6*4

METERI NG

A B B Ne t w o rk P art ne r

PISA

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

-Q1

-Q2

Drive control & monitoring circuitry

LINE PROTECTIO N RELAY REL316 *4

A BB
RE B 50 0

A B B Net work P a r t n er

BUSBAR PROTECTION REB500

COM 581
Power Automation AG ABB COM581

Communication Converter

NCC / RCC
C

-Q0

Feeder Marshalling

-Q0
PISA A

Process Bus

-T1 -Q9

PISA A PISA B

-Q8
-Q9 -Q8

Sampling AD-Conversion Signal Processing Signal Filtering

Intelligent SA Architecture

Station Level

Network Control Center NCC

ABB Network Partner AG

COM581

C E

ABB

2 25kV L IG NE ABOBO 1

= D0 4+R01

125VDC Distr ibutuio n Battery A

125VDC Distributuion Batt er y B

ABB

A B B Net work P a rt n er

RE L 31 6 *4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

BAY CONTRO L RELAY REC31 6*4

=D04 ABOBO 1
=W1

A BB

P OW E R MO N I TORI NG U NI T

=W2

-Q1 S EL

M M M

-Q 2 S EL

-Q0 S EL

L A MP E TE S T E

OUV RI R

F E RME R DI S TA NC E

?
ABB

ABB

LOCAL SET REMOTE OPERATION

ESC

EXE

L OC

LOCAL CONTROL
RE L 31 6 *4

METERING

A B B Net work P a rt n er

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

LINE PROTECTION RELAY REL316*4

AB B
RE B 5 00

A B B Ne t w o rk P art ne r

BUSBAR PROTECTIO N REB5 00

Process B us

Process Level

PISA

-Q2

PISA A

PISA A PISA B

-Q0 -Q1 -Q51

-T1

-Q9

-Q8

Basic Functionality

Interbay

Bus

FEATURES AND BENEFITS

Bay Level

Functional Structure of Modern SA

Functions Allocation
Scalable System Extensions SCADA Remote Communication Fault evaluation Monitoring Events and alarms Supervision & Control Data Exchange

Station Level

Network Control Center NCC

ABB Network Partner AG

COM581

C E

Interbay

Bus
ABB
225kV L IGNE ABOBO 1 = D04+R 01 125VDC Distributuion Batt er y A
AB B

125VDC Dis tr ibutuion Batt ery B

A B B Net work P a rt n er

RE L 3 16 *4

Bay Level

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6

BAY CO NTRO L REL AY REC316*4

=D04 ABOBO 1
=W1

ABB P OW E R MONI TO R I NG UNI T

=W2

-Q1 S EL

-Q 2 SE L

-Q0 S EL

L A MP E TE S T E

OU V RI R

F E RME R DI S TA NCE

ABB
LOCAL CONTROL
AB B

Monitoring

ES C

EXE L OC

METERING
RE L 3 16 *4

A B B Net work P a rt n er

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6

LINE PROTECTIO N RELAY REL316*4

A BB
R E B 5 00

A B B Ne t w o rk P art ne r

BUSBAR PROTECTIO N REB500

Process Level

-Q2 -Q0 -Q1 -Q9 -Q8

GIS or AIS Switchgear Instrument Transformers Power Transformers Surge Arresters

Intelligent Substation Automation Functional Structure

Station Level
Network Control Center NCC

Functions Allocation
Scalable System Extensions SCADA Remote Communication Fault evaluation Monitoring Events and alarms Supervision & Control Data Exchange

ABB Network Partner AG

COM581

C E

Interbay

Bus
AB B
2 25kV L IG NE ABOBO 1 = D0 4+R 01 125VDC Dis tr ibutuion Battery A
AB B

125VDC Distr ibutuio n Batter y B

A B B Net work P a rt n er

RE L 3 16 *4

Bay Level

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

BAY CO NTRO L RELAY REC316*4

=D0 4 ABOBO 1
=W1

AB B

P OW E R MO N I TORI NG U NI T

=W2

Q 1 S EL

M M M

-Q 2 S EL

Q 0 S EL

L A MP E TE S T E

OUV RI R

F E RME R DI S TA NCE

?
AB B

ABB

LOCAL SET REMOTE OPERATION

ESC

EXE

L OC

LOCAL CONT ROL

RE L 3 16 *4

METERING

Monitoring

A B B Net work P a rt n er

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

LINE PROTECTION RELAY REL316*4

A BB
RE B 5 00

A B B Ne t w o rk P art ne r

BUSBAR PROT ECTIO N REB500

Process B us

Process Level

-Q2

-Q0 -Q1 -Q51

-T1

-Q9

-Q8

Intelligent or smart AIS / GIS Switchgear Data acquisition Sensors & Actuators Power Transformers Surge Arrestors

PISA

PISA A

PISA A PISA B

Intelligent SA: Control, Protection and Sensors

ABB
ABB
225kV LIGNE ABOBO 1 =D04+R01

PISA

PISA PISA

PISA

Actuator for isolator & earthing switch control Switches

125VDC Distributuion Battery A

ABB
ABB Network Partner

125VDC Distributuion Battery B

REL316*4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Line Protection 1 I Abgangsschutz

=D04 ABOBO 1
=W 1

BAY CONTROL RELAY REC316*4

ABB

POW ER MONITORING UNIT

=W2 -Q1 SEL

-Q2 SEL

-Q0 SEL

LAMPE TESTE

OUVRIR

FERMER DISTANCE

? ABB

Bay Controller Feldleitgert

LOCAL

SET

ESC

EXE LOC

REMOTE

OPERATION

LOCAL CONTROL

METERING
REL316*4

Actuator for circuit breaker control

ABB

ABB Network Partner

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

PISA A

Line Protection 2 II Abgangsschutz

LINE PROTECTION RELAY REL316*4
ABB
ABB Networ k Partner

PISA A PISA B

R EB500

Sensors for current & voltage measurement

Busbar Protection
BUSBAR PROTECTION REB500

Process Bus

Interbay bus 1 Interbay bus 2

Monitoring via IEDs for Protection

Advanced analysis tools

Automatic printing Summary report

GPS

Alarm Classes

CONCISE / FAST Distance to Fault

Mo 12. 11. 96 GMT 17:02.43.305 Ayer Rajah & Labrador Feeder One

User friendly visualization Universal Time synchronization

Sequence of Events
ABB Network Partner AG

# Of trips
C E
ABB Network Partner AG REL 316*4 ABB Network Partner AG REL 316*4 ABB Network Partner AG REL 316*4

IED Parameter

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

C E

C E

C E

Station level supervision

Single Line Diagram:

Diagnostic: Fault Recording and Evaluation

Automatic fault location printout

Remote Control via Network Control Centre (NCC)

ThegoaloftheIEC61850standard
Interoperability TheabilityforIEDsfromoneorseveralmanufacturer toexchangeinformationandusetheinformationfor thetheirownfunctions.

Free Configuration Thestandardshallsupportdifferentphilosophiesand allowafreeallocationoffunctionse.g.itwillwork equallywellforcentralized(RTUlike)ordecentralized (SCSlike)systems. Long Term Stability Thestandardshallbefutureproof,i.e.itmustbeable tofollowtheprogressincommunicationtechnologyas wellasevolvingsystemrequirements.

ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 127

 ABB Group September 12, 2013 | Slide 128