National Building Code 2005
Plumbing Requirements contained within the building code
by Robert Charney
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Part 3
National Building Code 2005 contains several requirements and regulations in Part 3 that pertain to plumbing systems within the building. The starting point is the classification of building occupancy. Classification of the building major use and additional uses is necessary to determine the occupant load and fire protection needs and the restriction of flammable material.
by Robert Charney
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Occupancies
In
the National Building Code 2005 Division B, Part 3 section 3.1.2.1 are grouped into five major occupancies groups and various divisions
by Robert Charney
A Assembly
1.
2.
3.
4.
Divisions Production and viewing of performing arts Others not classified (restaurants, bars) Arenas Open air gatherings (race track)
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B Care and Detention
1.
2.
Includes penitentiaries, jails, psychiatric wards and special needs facilities Divisions Under restraint or limited self preservation due to security measures Cognitive or physical limitations requiring special care or treatment
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C Residential
Divisions (none) May include group homes and personal care
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D Business and Personal Service
Divisions (none) insurance, hair salon, dentist, locksmith
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E Mercantile
Divisions (none) department stores
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F Industrial
1. 2. 3.
Manufacturing Divisions high hazard medium hazard low hazard
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OCCUPANT LOAD
Is based on occupancy designation and is determined by Part 3 section 3.1.17.1 limits the residential occupation load to 2 persons per sleeping room otherwise determined by the floor area in square meters per person as stipulated in table 3.1.17.1
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OCCUPANT LOAD continued
The
NBC 2005 equally divides the occupant load between males and females unless it can be proven to be accurately divided proportionally different as per section 3.7.2.2(1).
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Minimum Plumbing Requirements
NBC 2005 states in Part 3 section 3.7.2.1(1) that sanitary privies, chemical closets and other means of disposing human waste shall provided in the absence of water supply system. This is an indirect statement that essential is stating that once a building has a water distribution system, it must also have a drainage system with required fixtures.
by Robert Charney
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Required Fixtures for Residential
Are defined by NBC 2005 in statement 9.31.4.1.(1) and include a kitchen sink, lavatory, bathtub or shower and water closet. Statement 9.31.4.3.(1) includes a floor drain in the basement. Floor drains are also required in a garbage room, incinerator room or boiler room serving more than one dwelling unit in statement 9.31.4.3(2).
by Robert Charney
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Fixtures required in other Occupancies
Water
closet 3.7.2.2.(1) number determined as per occupancy statement Water closet substitution 3.7.2.2.(5) two thirds rule for urinals Lavatory 3.7.2.3.(1) two WC to one lavatory rule Floor drain 3.7.2.7.(1) for auto flush urinal
by Robert Charney
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Water Closets the Starting Point
Section 3.7.2.2.(4) of the NBC 2005 states that both sexes may be served by a single water closet if the occupant load is 10 or less. Every dwelling requires a water closet as per statement 3.7.2.2(11). Additional required water closets are determined by code statements based on occupancy and occupant load.
by Robert Charney
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Water Closet Determination
Group A---Assembly table as per 3.7.2.2.A Group B---Care and Detention as per statement 3.7.2.2(9) Group C---Residential statement 3.7.2.2(10) Group D---Business and Personal Service as per table 3.7.2.2.B Group E---Mercantile as per statement 3.7.2.2(13) Group F---Industrial as per table 3.7.2.2.C Primary schools and day care as per statement 3.7.2.2(7) Worship and Undertaking as per statement 3.7.2.2.(8)
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Universal Design
The NBC 2005 intention is to have washroom facilities accessible to both sexes of persons with disabilities (section 3.8 universal) however dwelling units including homes, semi detached, duplex, triplex, town houses, row houses and boarding houses are exempt as per 3.8.1.1(1). Those buildings that incorporate a universal design washroom may reduce the occupant load by 10 before applying the appropriate determination statement.
by Robert Charney
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Major Occupancy Classifications
A-3.1.2.1.(1)
The following are examples of major occupancy classifications described in table 3.1.2.1
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Group A, Division 1 ASSEMBLY
Motion
picture theaters Opera houses Television studios admitting a viewing audience Theaters, including experimental theaters
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Group A, Division 2 ASSEMBLY
Art galleries Auditoria Bowling alleys Churches and similar places of worship Clubs, nonresidential Community halls Courtrooms Dance halls Exhibition halls Gymnasia Lecture halls Libraries Licensed beverage establishments Museums Passenger stations and depots Recreational piers Restaurants Schools and colleges, nonresidential Undertaking premises
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Group A Division 3 ASSEMBLY
Arenas
Indoor
swimming pools, with or without spectator seating Rinks
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Group A Division 4 ASSEMBLY
Amusement
park structures (not elsewhere classified) Bleachers Grandstands Reviewing stands Stadia
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Group B Division 1
CARE AND DETENTION
Jails
Penitentiaries Police
stations with detention quarters Prisons Psychiatric hospitals with detention quarters Reformatories with detention quarters
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Group B Division 2
CARE AND DETENTION
Childrens custodial homes Convalescent homes Hospitals Infirmaries Nursing homes Orphanages Psychiatric hospitals without detention quarters Reformatories without detention quarters Sanatoria without detention quarters
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Group C
RESIDENTIAL
Apartments Boarding houses Clubs, residential Colleges, residential Convents Dormitories Hotels Houses Lodging houses Monasteries Motels Schools, residential
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Group D
BUSINESS and PERSONAL SERVICE
Banks Barber and hairdressing shops Beauty parlors Dental offices Dry cleaning establishments, self serve, not using flammables Laundries, self serve Medical offices Offices Police stations without detention quarters Radio stations Small tool and appliance rental and service establishments
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Group E
MERCANTILE
Department
stores Exhibition halls Markets Shops Stores Supermarkets
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Group F, Division 1
INDUSTRIAL
Bulk plants for flammable liquids Bulk storage warehouses for hazardous substances Cereal mills Chemical manufacturing or processing plants Distilleries Dry cleaning plants Feed mills Flour mills Grain elevators Lacquer factories Mattress factories Paint, varnish and pyroxylin product factories Rubber processing plants Spray painting operations Waste paper processing plants
by Robert Charney
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Group F, Division 2
INDUSTRIAL
Aircraft hangers Box factories Candy plants Cold storage plants Dry cleaning establishments not using flammable solvents Electrical substations Factories Freight depots Helicopter landing areas on roofs Laboratories Laundries, except self serve Mattress factories Planing mills Printing plants Repair garages Salesrooms Service stations Storage rooms Television studios not admitting viewing audience Warehouses Wholesale rooms Woodworking factories Workshops
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Group F, Division 3
INDUSTRIAL
Creameries Factories Laboratories Power plants Salesrooms Sample display rooms Storage garages, including open air parking garages Storage rooms Warehouses Workshops
by Robert Charney
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Fire Separation and Fire Stopping
Articles in Part 3 section 3.1.3.1 and 3.2.8.2.thru 3.2.8.9 describe some of the requirements regarding non combustible construction and smoke and fire resistance limitations. Part 3 section 3.1.5.17 describes combustible plumbing fixtures use in a non combustible constructed building. Articles in Part 3 section 3.1.9.1 and 3.1.9.4 describes fire separation penetration fire stopping requirements.
by Robert Charney
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STANDPIPE
Firefighting
requirements are described beginning in section 3.2.5.7 for buildings more than 3 stories in height.
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