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Shift Micro Operations

This document discusses different types of shift microoperations including logical, circular, and arithmetic shifts. Logical shifts insert 0s during the shift, circular shifts circulate bits without loss of information, and arithmetic shifts treat the sign bit specially for signed numbers. Examples are provided to demonstrate each type of shift using binary numbers. Arithmetic shift left can cause overflow which is also discussed.

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910 views14 pages

Shift Micro Operations

This document discusses different types of shift microoperations including logical, circular, and arithmetic shifts. Logical shifts insert 0s during the shift, circular shifts circulate bits without loss of information, and arithmetic shifts treat the sign bit specially for signed numbers. Examples are provided to demonstrate each type of shift using binary numbers. Arithmetic shift left can cause overflow which is also discussed.

Uploaded by

anand_gsoft3603
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Jaya Pradha.

B Roll No : 11BCM025

Introduction

Shift Microoperations :
Shift microoperations are used for serial

transfer of data Three types of shift microoperation : Logical, Circular, and Arithmetic

Shift micro operations


Symbolic designation R shl R R shr R R cil R R cir R R ashl R R ashr R Description Shift-left register R Shift-right register R Circular shift-left register R Circular shift-right register R Arithmetic shift-left R Arithmetic shift-right R

Logical Shift

A logical shift transfers 0 through the serial input The bit transferred to the end position through the serial input is assumed to be 0 during a logical shift (Zero inserted)

Circular Shift

The circular shift circulates the bits of the register around the two ends without loss of information

Arithmetic Shift

An arithmetic shift shifts a signed binary number to the left or right An arithmetic shift-left multiplies a signed binary number by 2 An arithmetic shift-right divides the number by 2 In arithmetic shifts the sign bit receives a special treatment

Logical Shift Example

1. Logical shift: Transfers 0 through the serial input. R1 shl R1 Logical shift-left R2 shr R2 Logical shift-right (Example) Logical shift-left 10100011 01000110 (Example) Logical shift-right 10100011 01010001

Circular Shift Example


Circular shift-left
Circular shift-right

R1 cil R1 R 2 cir R 2

(Example) Circular shift-left 10100011 is shifted to 01000111

(Example) Circular shift-right


10100011 is shifted to 11010001

Arithmetic Shift Right


Arithmetic right-shift: Rn-1 remains unchanged; Rn-2 receives Rn-1, Rn-3 receives Rn-2, so on. For a negative number, 1 is shifted from the sign bit to the right. A negative number is represented by the 2s complement. The sign bit remained unchanged.

Arithmetic Shift Right

Arithmetic Shift Right :


Example 1

0100 (4) 0010 (2)


Example 2

1010 (-6) 1101 (-3)

Arithmetic Shift Left


The operation is same with Logic shift-left The only difference is you need to check overflow problem (Check BEFORE the shift)
Carry out Sign bit

R2 ashl R2
LSB

Rn-1

Rn-2
0 insert

Vs=1 : Overflow Vs=0 : use sign bit

Arithmetic Shift Left

Arithmetic Shift Left :


Example 1

0010 (2) 0100 (4)


Example 2

1110 (-2) 1100 (-4)

Arithmetic Shift Left

Arithmetic Shift Left :


Example 3

0100 (4) 1000 (overflow)


Example 4

1010 (-6) 0100 (overflow)

Example

example: 011011 SHL SHR CiL CiR ASHL ASHR 110110 001101 110110 101101 Overflow 001101

Flash Overview

Thank You

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