Introduction to C#
Tom Roeder CS 215 2006fa
Goals of the course
Introduce
C# language
ECMA standard originally developed by MSR not just Java + C++ many extensions
Introduce
.NET framework
future of Windows base of Microsofts C# implementation
Non-goals
Teach
you to program
should be very comfortable writing OO code we will not cover much if any basic programming
Introduce
object oriented languages
not even teach you OO style (except wrt C#) expected to write all code in OO style
Give
you a detailed grade
S/U only even homework
S/U Details
Requirements for the course
come to lecture participate do three assignments will not be giving a detailed grade show me that you understand the concepts, and can write C# code must be completed by the end of the course
Assignments are S/U
All three assignments will be online soon
Administrative Details
Class
time MWF 12:20-1:10 office hours: W 10:30-12 or by appointment
Prerequisites:
CS 211/212
really: experience in OO coding/concepts
Academic
Integrity
Do not submit work that is not your own minimum penalty: U in the course
Useful Tools
Visual
C#
Express: Google Visual C# Express in Visual Studio: MSDNAA
must be version 2005: we need C# 2.0
Mono:
http://www.go-mono.com http://msdn.microsoft.com/net/sscli
Open Source impl for Linux: not quite at 2.0 Shared Source impl for Windows (through 2.0) Used to work on BSD / OS X, too
Rotor:
Useful Tools
Portable.NET:
http://www.dotgnu.org
yet another open source impl
CMS:
http://cms.csuglab.cornell.edu
we will use this for homework turn on your email notifications!
Course
Webpage: http ://www.cs.cornell.edu/courses/cs215
will post lectures online as well as any errata for the homework
CSUGLab
You
all will have accounts
MSDNAA access: let me know if you dont currently have it http://www.csuglab.cornell.edu/userinfo.html Visual Studio .NET 2005 should be installed there
Syllabus
Syllabus
(10 more lectures)
C# constructs: 5 lectures Types, Delegates, Generics, Reflection, Iterators .NET Memory Management: 1 lecture Topics: 4 lectures C# 3.0, Threading, Security, MSIL, MSH
Quiz 1
Each
class will begin with a quiz
not for credit but for knowledge but I will collect them and see what you know
Todays
quiz will be on prerequisites
OO programming, mainly to do with Java If you dont know Java, but do have OO experience, its OK talk to me after if you have trouble
What is .NET?
A
Framework in which to run code A Common Language Runtime (CLR)
runs all programs C# compiles to Microsoft Intermediate Language MSIL runs on CLR Virtual Machine like Java code written in many languages compiles to MSIL
Common Language Specification (CLS) A Common Type System (CTS)
What is .NET?
Web Services
Sharepoint ... ...
Building Blocks (e.g. for Services)
.NET Applications Languages:
C#, Visual Basic, etc
Enterprise Servers
SQL Server BizTalk ...
Runtime
Common Type System Common Language Runtime
Services: .NET and COM+
.NET Framework
Operating System
From MSDN
What is the CLR?
Base Class Library Support Thread Support Type Checker Security Engine MSIL to Native Compilers (JIT) Code Manager Class Loader From MSDN COM Marshaler Exception Manager Debug Engine Garbage Collector (GC)
What is the CTS?
A
set of common types
any language that runs in CLR should implement no syntax specified Languages often define aliases
For
example
CTS defines System.Int32 4 byte integer C# defines int as an alias of System.Int32
What is the CTS?
From MSDN
What is the CLS?
A
specification of language features
how methods may be called when constructors are called subset of the types in CTS are allowed
For
example
Code that takes UInt32 in a public method UInt32 is not in the CLS
Can
mark classes as CLS-compliant
not marked is assumed to mean not compliant
The Class Libraries
The
common classes used in many programs
like Java Class Library eg.
System.Console.WriteLine XML, Networking, Filesystem, Crypto, containers
Can inherit from many of these classes
Many
languages run on .NET framework
C#, C++, J#, Visual Basic even have Python (see IronPython)
Assemblies
Code
contained in files called assemblies
code and metadata .dll as before to run: public static
types
void Main(string[] args)
private: local directory, not accessible by others
eg. Wolfram .NETLink
shared: well-known location, can be GAC strong names: use crypto for signatures
then can add some versioning and trust
COM vs .NET
Historically,
COM provided this integration
support for interfaces and interaction given a GUID, lookup the type library dynamically instantiate class do RPC to make calls in many cases
Difficult
to get right
software engineering problems not type safe at all
ASP.NET and ADO.NET
Use
.NET languages in web pages
thus can write typesafe code server-side or client-side Sharepoint interactions can log in
Use
the CLR to access databases
in the manner of ODBC provides classes for access
Windows PowerShell
New
shell originally for MS Vista
available for WinXP/2k3 native .NET
instantiates arbitary .NET classes and accesses them Also can access COM objects
Allows
better interaction with programs Can it surpass bash and others?
First C# Program
using System; namespace Test { int a = 137; class Hello { public static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine(Hello {0}, a); } } }
Constructions of Note
using
like import in Java: bring in namespaces disambiguation of names like Internet hierarchical names and Java naming like in Java single inheritance up to object
namespace
class
Constructions of Note
Console.Write(Line)
Takes a formatted string: Composite Format Indexed elements: e.g., {0}
can be used multiple times only evaluated once
{index [,alignment][:formatting]} also can use as in Java
Test + a
More C# : basic inheritance
class A { protected int a; public virtual void print() { Console.WriteLine(a = + a); } } class B : A { public override void print() { Console.WriteLine(a really = + (a + 137)); } }
