Holographic Storage
Presented By: Arpit Maheshwari
Imagine.
A device which can store more than 1 TB of Information and data transfer rates of more than 1GB per second
Can be as cheap as a Compact Disk
WHAT DO THEY SAY ABOUT
HOLOGRAPHIC TECHNOLOGY???
"Hot Technology for the 21st Century" Holographic Storage- Datamation - August 1996 "The next cannibal is the displacement of magnetic and solid-state storage by holographic media ... and it is going to happen on or before the millenium." - G.J. Butters, President, North America. "We look forward toward an exotic improvement called holographic memory , which can hold terabytes ... in less than a cubic inch" - Bill Gates, Chairman, Microsoft, The Road Ahead, 1995
What is Holographic Storage?
Three Dimensional Optical Storage.
The most Latest invention in the field of mass storage. Result of 30 Year long research.
History of Mass storage
1800 1940 1950 1952 1957 1980 1995 2000 : Punched Cards : Vacuum Tubes : Tape Drives : Magnetic Drums :Hard Disks : Small Hard disks and Floppy disks : CDROM and DVD : Electronic Pen Drives
Holography
The word Holography is coined by Dennis Gabor (a Hungarian-born physicist and Nobel prize winner) Holography means The wholeness of unity as well as the unity of whole Hologram is a new way of storing and retriving optical information. A hologram is often seen in the cover of some books
Holography
Three Diamensional recording using lasers. Technology which records wave-front information and producing reconstructed wave-fronts from those recordings . The record of the wave-front information is called a hologram .
How holographic recoding is done?
Holographic Data Storage
How it works?
Data is recorded in photo refractive crystals as 3D holograms .
Binary data is written as dark or light "dots" in two dimensional pages, with the pages stacked one on top of the other within a photosensitive crystal. The stacking of pages creates the third dimension .
Crystals of a chemical compound called Strontium-bariumniobate are used most often as the recording media because they combine high sensitivity with high speed. Storing data throughout the whole volume of the recording medium instead of only on the surface is one of the main characteristics and advantages of holographic data storage technology .
light from a laser source passes through a beam splitter that divides the beam into a data beam and an interference beam . The reference beam will eventually be used to create the interference pattern. It is directed into a path that includes a polarization rotor and a page-addressing deflection system . The data beam, on the other hand, passes into an optical system that expands into the surface of what is called a "page composer", which is implemented as a spatial-lightmodulator
Digital data is superimposed on the expanded beam using the spatial-light modulator From the page composer, the data beam is converted using Fourier-transform optics. From there, it is focused on the crystallite structure that will hold the hologram . At this point the data beam and reference beam come together again, with the resulting interference pattern on photo refractive material This modifies the optical properties of the crystallite material with an electronic charge pattern
Multiple holograms are stored in a single crystal by altering the angle at which the beams enter the crystal In the read cycle, instead, the data beam is turned off, allowing only the reference beam to focus on the crystal. The beam illuminates the interference grating or patterns stored at this location, resulting in the reconstruction of original light-and-dark- spots pattern. The pattern is read by a charge-coupled device that converts the dark and light spots back to digital electronic data.
How data is stored?
Holographic memory offers the possibility of storing 1 terabyte (TB) of data in a sugar-cube-sized crystal A terabyte of data equals 1,000 gigabytes, 1 million megabytes or 1 trillion bytes Data from more than 1,000 CDs could fit on a holographic memory system
The basic components
Blue-green argon laser Beam splitters to spilt the laser beam Mirrors to direct the laser beams LCD panel (spatial light modulator) Lenses to focus the laser beams Lithium-niobate crystal or photopolymer Charge-coupled device (CCD) camera
HOW IS DATA RETRIEVED ?
The interference pattern induces modulations in the refractive index of the recording material yielding diffractive volume gratings The reference beam is used during readout to diffract off of the recorded gratings, reconstructing the stored array of bits The reconstructed array is projected onto a pixelated detector that reads the data in parallel and then through a CCD camera, which will project the data on to the display panel
By varying the reference beam by changing its angle of incidence or wavelength, many different data pages can be recorded in the same volume of material and read out by applying a reference beam identical to that used during writing. This process of multiplexing data yields the enormous storage capacity of holography
Properties of Data Storage Materials
Excellent optical quality High recording fidelity High dynamic range Low scattered light High sensitivity Non volatile storage
New Photopolymer Recording Media a "two-chemistry" system, The media are fabricated from mixtures of two independently polymerizable yet compatible chemical systems New Multiplexing Methods The methods used to overlap or multiplex holograms determine the complexity and architecture of the recording system Storage under glass Almaden scientists created a family Photorefractive glasses, known as dihydropyridines having higher storage capacity, by a factor of 10 to 100
BREAKTHROUGHS IN HDSS
TWO COLOR HOLOGRAPHIC STORAGE
A third light beam of a different wavelength is used in the recording process The two light beams produce photoionization and a refractive index grating in the presence of this third beam
HOLOGRAPHIC MEMORY VS CONVENTIONAL SYSTEMS
Redundancy Parallelism: Multiplexing
HOLOGRAPHY- A SOLUTION FOR MULTIMEDIA PROBLEMS
Multimedia requires more data storage Data transfer rate must be atleast 1.8 gigabyte (GB) per minute. In Holographic storage ,Organizing data into pages instead of individual bits, and the use of lasers, provide access to speeds and orders of magnitude faster than the rotating devices of today
CONCLUSION
Next-generation storage technology. Holographic storage shape the future of IT with all its ramifications, challenges, and thrilling possibilities
The best is yet to come.
Await the best
Thankyou..
