AP Precalculus

Unit 3
Trigonometric and Polar Functions

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

Solution

2024/2025

Prepared by

Dr. Ahmad Bani Yaseen

Dr. Ruba Al-Tarawneh

Name:......................................
Topic 3.1: Periodic Phenomena Solutions

Period

1. The figure shows two full periods of the periodic function . Which of the following statements is true?
(A) The period of is , and
(B) The period of is , and
(C) The period of is , and
(D) The period of is , and

Directions: For 2-4, use the graph of the periodic function below, where two full periods of are shown.

Period

2.. What is the period of ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

3. What is the value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

44. On which of the following intervals is decreasing?

(A) 70, 72 (B) (C) (D)
is decreasing on and .

-1-
Directions: The graph of is periodic with a period of . Values of are shown at selected values of . Use the
information provided in the table to answer problems 5 7.

5. What is the value of

(A) 11 (B) (C) (D)

6. What is the value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

7. For which of the following values of does

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Directions: The graph of is periodic where . Values of are shown at selected values of . Use the
information provided in the table to answer problems 8 10.

8. What is the value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)
means the period is 9.

9. What is the value of

(A) (B) ((C) (D)

10. What is the value of where is an integer?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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Topic 3.2: Sine, Cosine, and Tangent Solutions

11. The figure shows a circle centered at the origin with an angle of measure radians in standard position. The terminal
ray of the angle intersects the circle at point , and point also lies on the circle The coordinates of are ,
and the coordinates of are Which of the following is true about the cosine of

(A) , because it is the ratio of the horizontal displacement of from the -axis
axis to the distance between the

origin and .
x
(B) cos , because it is the ratio of the horizontal displacement of from the -axis
axis to the distance between the
8
origin and .

(C) , because it is the ratio of the vertical displacement of from the -axis
axis to the distance between the

origin and .
(D) , because it is the ratio of the vertical displacement of from the -axis to the distance between the

origin and .

12. In the two different angles are in standard position and share a terminal ray. Based on this
information, which of the following gives possible values for

(A)

3
(B) and
2 2

(C)

3
(D) and
2 2

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13. The figure shows a circle centered at the origin with an angle of measure radians in standard position. The terminal
ray of the angle intersects the circle at point , and point also lies on the circle The coordinates of are , and
the coordinates of are Which of the following is true about the sine of

(A) , because it is the ratio of the horizontal displacement of from the -axis
axis to the distance between the

origin and .
(B) , because it is the ratio of the horizontal displacement of from the -axis
axis to the distance between the

origin and .

(C) , because it is the ratio of the vertical displacement of from the -axis
axis to the distance between the

origin and .

(D) , because it is the ratio of the vertical displacement of from the -axis to the distance between the

origin and .

14. In the two different angles are in standard position and share a terminal ray. Based on this
information, which of the following gives possible values for

7
(A) and
6 6
5
(B) and
3 3

(C) and
2 2
9
(D)  and 
4 4

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15. The figure shows a circle centered at the origin with an angle of measure radians in standard position. The terminal
ray of the angle intersects the circle at point , and point also lies on the circle The coordinates of are , and
the coordinates of are Which of the following is true about the tangent of
y
(A) tan , because it is the ratio of the vertical displacement of to the horizontal displacement of .
x
(B) , because it is the ratio of the horizontal displacement of to the vertical displacement of .

(C) , because it is the ratio of the vertical displacement of to the horizontal displacement of .

(D) , because it is the ratio of the horizontal displacement of to the vertical displacement of .

16. The figure shows a circle centered at the origin with an angle of measure radians in standard position. The terminal
ray of the angle intersects the circle at point , and point also lies on the circle . The coordinates of are and
the radius of the circle is . What is the value of
3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4

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17. The figure shows a circle centered at the origin with an angle of measure radians in standard position. The terminal
ray of the angle intersects the circle at point , and point also lies on the circle . The coordinates of are and
the radius of the circle is . What is the value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

18. The figure shows a circle centered at the origin with an angle of measure radians in standard position whose

terminal ray intersects the circle at point and coincides with the line in quadrant II. Which of the following

is true about

3 3
(A) cos (B) (C) tan (D)
5 4

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19. The figure shows a circle centered at the origin with an angle of measure radians in standard position and a point
on the circle. The terminal ray of the angle intersects the circle at point The length of arc is 15 units. Which of
the following gives the distance of point from the

(A) (B) (C) (D)

20. The figure shows a circle centered at the origin with an angle of measure radians in standard position and a point
on the circle. The terminal ray of the angle intersects the circle at point The length of arc is 3 units. Which of
the following gives the distance of point from the

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Topic 3.3: Sine and Cosine Values

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21. The figure above shows a circle of radius 5 along with the equilateral triangle . Which of the following gives
the coordinates of point

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

22. The figure above shows a circle of radius 10 along with the right triangle . Which of the following gives the
coordinates of point

(A) 10 cos ,10 sin

4 4
3 3
(B) 10 cos , 10sin
4 4

(C) 10 cos , 10sin

4 4
5 5
(D) 10 cos , 10sin
4 4

-8-
23. The function is given by What are all values of for where
11
(A) and
6 6
(B)

(C)

(D)

24. The function is given by What are all values of for where
3
(A) and
4 4
(B)

(C)

(D)

25. The function is given by What are all values of for where

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

26. The function is given by What are all values of for where

(A)

(B)

(C)
3
(D) and
2 2

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3.4-3.6 Sinusoidal Functions, Graphs, and Modeling
Period

27. The figure shows the graph of a sinusoidal function . Which of the following values is the period of ?
(A) (B) (C) (D)

28. The figure shows the graph of a sinusoidal function . What is the amplitude of ?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
The amplitude of a sinusoidal function is half the difference between its maximum and minimum values.

29. The figure shows the graph of a trigonometric function . Which of the following could be an expression for

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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30. The graph of the sinusoidal function is shown in the figure above. The function can be written as
What are the values of the constants
(A)
(B)
(C) a 2 and d 2 The midline is
(D)

31.. The graph of the sinusoidal function is shown in the figure above. The function can be written as
What are the values of the constants

(A)

(B)

(C)
(D)

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32. The figure shows the graph of a sinusoidal function . What are the values of the period and amplitude of ?
(A) The period is , and the amplitude is .
(B) The period is , and the amplitude is 2.
(C) The period is , and the amplitude is .

(D) The period is , and the amplitude is 2.

33.. The graph of the sinusoidal function is shown in the figure above. The function can be written as
What are the values of the constants
(A)
(B)
The midline is
(C) a 4 and d 2
(D) a 6 and d 2

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34. The figure shows the graph of a sinusoidal function . What are the values of the period and amplitude of ?
(A) The period is 2, and the amplitude is 2.
(B) The period is 2, and the amplitude is 4.
(C) The period is 4, and the amplitude is 2.
(D) The period is 4, and the amplitude is 4.

35.. The figure shows the graph of a trigonometric function . Which of the following could be an expression for ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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36. The figure shows the graph of a trigonometric function . Which of the following could be an expression for ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

- 14 -
37. The graph of the sinusoidal function is shown in the figure above. The function can be written as
What are the values of the constants
(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

38. The sinusoidal function has a minimum at the point . The first maximum after reaching this minimum
value occurs at the point . What are the values of the period and amplitude of ?
(A) The period is , and the amplitude is 4.
(B) The period is , and the amplitude is 8.
(C) The period is , and the amplitude is 4.
(D) The period is , and the amplitude is 8.

39. The sinusoidal function

39 has a minimum at the point . The first maximum after reaching this minimum

value occurs at the point , 2 . Which of the following gives the period and the midline of

(A) The period is , and the midline is .

(B) The period is , and the midline is .

(C) The period is , and the midline is .

(D) The period is , and the midline is y 5.

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Directions: For 40 43, use the graph of the sinusoidal function below.

40. Which of the following best describes the behavior of over the interval

(A) is increasing at an increasing rate.

(B) is increasing at a decreasing rate.
(C) is decreasing at an increasing rate. Decreasing and concave up (increasing rate)
(D) g is decreasing at a decreasing rate.

41. Which of the following best describes the behavior of over the interval

(A) is positive and increasing.

(B) is positive and decreasing.
(C) g is negative and increasing. Below the x-axis
axis (negative) and increasing.
(D) g is negative and decreasing.

42. Which of the following best describes how the rate of change of is changing over the interval

(A) The rate of change of is increasing because the graph of is concave up on the interval

(B) The rate of change of is decreasing because the graph of is concave up on the interval

(C) The rate of change of is increasing because the graph of is concave down on the interval

(D) The rate of change of is decreasing because the graph of is concave down on the interval

43.. Which of the following best describes the rate of change of

43 over the interval

(A) The rate of change of is positive and increasing.

(B) The rate of change of is positive and decreasing.
(C) The rate of change of is negative and increasing.
(D) The rate of change of is negative and decreasing. is decreasing (rate of change is negative) and concave down
(rate of change is decreasing).

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Directions: For 44 47, use the graph of the sinusoidal function below.

44. On the interval , which of the following is true about ?

(A) is positive and increasing.

(B) is positive and decreasing. Above the x-axis
axis (positive) and decreasing.
(C) h is negative and increasing.
(D) is negative and decreasing.

45. On the interval , which of the following is true about ?

(A) h is positive and increasing.

(B) is positive and decreasing.
(C) is negative and increasing.
(D) is negative and decreasing. Below the x-axis
axis (negative) and decreasing.

46. On the interval , which of the following is true about ?

(A) is positive and increasing.

(B) is positive and decreasing.
(C) is negative and increasing. Below the x-axis (negative) and increasing.
(D) h is negative and decreasing.

47. On the interval , which of the following is true about ?

(A) h is positive and increasing. Above the x-axis (positive) and increasing.
(B) h is positive and decreasing.
(C) h is negative and increasing.
(D) h is negative and decreasing.

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Directions: For 48 51, use the graph of the sinusoidal function below.

48. Which of the following correctly describes how the rate of change of is changing on the interval

(A) The rate of change of is increasing because the graph of is concave up.
(B) The rate of change of is decreasing because the graph of is concave up.
(C) The rate of change of is increasing because the graph of is concave down.
(D) The rate of change of is decreasing because the graph of is concave down.

49. Which of the following correctly describes how the rate of change of is changing on the interval

(A) The rate of change of is increasing because the graph of is concave up.
(B) The rate of change of is decreasing because the graph of is concave up.
(C) The rate of change of is increasing because the graph of is concave down.
(D) The rate of change of is decreasing because the graph of is concave down.

50. Which of the following correctly describes how the rate of change of is changing on the interval

(A) The rate of change of is increasing because the graph of is concave up.
(B) The rate of change of is decreasing because the graph of is concave up.
(C) The rate of change of is increasing because the graph of is concave down.
(D) The rate of change of is decreasing because the graph of is concave down.

51. Which of the following correctly describes how the rate of change of is changing on the interval

(A) The rate of change of is increasing because the graph of is concave up.
(B) The rate of change of is decreasing because the graph of is concave up.
(C) The rate of change of is increasing because the graph of is concave down.
(D) The rate of change of is decreasing because the graph of is concave down.

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52. The figure shows the graph of a trigonometric function . Which of the following could be an expression for

(A) (B) (C) (D)

53.. The figure shows the graph of a trigonometric function . Which of the following could be an expression for
(A) (B) (C) 2sin x 1 (D)

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54. The figure shows the graph of a trigonometric function . Which of the following could be an expression for

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

- 20 -
55. The function is given by Which of the following is the graph of for
(A) (B)

(C) (D)

56. Let be the function given by The function has the same period as and the amplitude of is
twice the amplitude of Which of the following defines in terms of

(A)

(B) h x 2g x

(C)

(D) h x g 2x

- 21 -
57. The function is given by Which of the following is the graph of for
(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Choice D does not have the correct midline . The period is which eliminates choice A. has a reflection over
the midline and choice B does not have that reflection.

58. Let be the function given by The period of function is twice the period of function and the
graph of is a horizontal translation of by units. Which of the following defines in terms of
(A) k x h 2x
(B)
1
(C) k x h x
2
1
(D) k x h x
2

- 22 -
59. The function is given by h x 3cos x . Which of the following is the graph of for
2
(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Only choice (B) has the correct reflection over .

60.. Let f be the function given by

60 The function is a horizontal translation of by units. Which

of the following defines

(A) g x cos x This is a horizontal translation to the left,

2

(B) This is a vertical translation.

(C) g x sin x
(D) g x sin x This is

- 23 -
61. The function is defined by for constants In the the
points and represent a minimum value and a maximum value, respectively, on the graph of What
are the values of
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

62. The function is defined by for constants In the the points

and represent a minimum value and a maximum value, respectively, on the graph of What is the
value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

63. The function is defined by for constants In the the

points and represent a maximum value and a minimum value, respectively, on the graph of What
are the values of
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

64. The function is defined by for constants In the the points

and represent a minimum value and a maximum value, respectively, on the graph of What

are the period and amplitude of the function

(A) The period is and the amplitude is .

(B) The period is and the amplitude is .

(C) The period is and the amplitude is .

(D) The period is and the amplitude is .

- 24 -
Topic 3.8: The Tangent Function

65. The function is given by Which of the following gives the vertical asymptotes of

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

66. The function is given by Which of the following gives the vertical asymptotes of

(A)

(B)

(C)
(D)

67. The function is given by Which of the following gives the vertical asymptotes of

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

68. The function is given by Which of the following gives the vertical asymptotes of

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

- 25 -
69. The graph of the function is given in the If where are constants, which of
the following is true?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

70. The graph of the function is given in the If where are constants, what
are the values of ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

- 26 -
71. The graph of the function is given in the Which of the following could be the expression for

(A) (B) (C) (D)

72. The graph of the function is given in the Which of the following could be the expression for

1
(A) (B) (C) 2 tan x (D)
8

- 27 -
73. The graph of the function is given in the Which of the following could be the expression for

(A) (B) (C) (D)

74. The function is given by The graph of is mapped to the graph of in the same
by a vertical
al dilation of the graph of by a factor of Which of the following is an expression for

(A) The function ( ) = ( ), where , is a multiplicative transformation

of the function that results in a vertical dilation of the graph of by a
(B) factor of | | .

(C)

(D)

75. The function is given by The graph of is mapped to the graph of in the same
by a vertical translation of the graph of by units. Which of the following is an expression for
(A)
(B) The function is an additive transformation of the function
that results in a vertical translation of the graph of by units.
(C)
(D)

- 28 -
76. The function is given by The graph of is mapped to the graph of in the same

by a horizontal translation of the graph of by units right. Which of the following is an expression for

(A) The function is an additive transformation of the

function that results in a horizontal translation of the graph of by units.
(B)

(C)

(D)

77. The function is given by The graph of is mapped to the graph of in the same
by a horizontal dilation of the graph of by a factor of Which of the following is an expression for
(A)
The function , where , is a multiplicative
(B) transformation of the function that results in a horizontal dilation of the
graph of by a factor of .
(C)

(D)

Topic 3.9: Inverse Trigonometric Functions

78. The function is given by What input value in the domain of yields an output value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

79. The function is given by What input value in the domain of yields an output value of

?
2
(A) (B) (C) (D)

- 29 -
80. The function is given by What input value in the domain of yields an output value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

81. The function is given by What input value in the domain of yields an output value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

82. The function is given by What input value in the domain of yields an output value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

83. Consider the functions and given by and In the for which

of the point of intersection of the graphs of and ?

3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2

84. Consider the functions and given by and In the for which

of the point of intersection of the graphs of and g ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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Topic 3.10: Trigonometric Equations and Inequalities

85. What are all values of for where

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

86. What are all values of for where

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

87. What are all values of for where

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

88. What are all values of for where

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

- 31 -
89. What are all values of for where

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

90. What are all values of for where

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

91. What are all values of for where

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

92.
2. Let and In the what are the of the points of
intersection of the graphs of for

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

- 32 -
93. Let and In the what are the of the points of
intersection of the graphs of for

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

94. The function is given by What are the zeros of on the interval

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

95. The functions and are given by and g x cos x. If what

are the zeros of on the interval

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

996.
6. The function is given by The function is given by What are the zeros of
on the interval

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

- 33 -
97. The functions and are given by and If what are the zeros
of on the interval

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

98. What are all intervals of for where

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

99. The functions and are given by and What are all intervals of for
where

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

- 34 -
100. The functions and are given by and What are all intervals of x, for
where

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

Topic 3.11: The Secant, Cosecant, and Cotangent Functions

101. What are all values of for where

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

102. What are all values of for where

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

- 35 -
103. Let and In the what are the of the points of intersection of
the graphs of for

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

104. Let and In the what are the of the points of intersection of the

graphs of for

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

105. Let Which of the following is a vertical asymptote on the graph of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

106. Let Which of the following is a vertical asymptote on the graph of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

- 36 -
107 In the the graph of which of the following functions has a vertical asymptote at
(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

108 In the the graph of which of the following functions has a vertical asymptote at

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

109. Let Which of the following is a vertical asymptote on the graph of ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

110. Let and In the what are the of the points of intersection
of the graphs of for

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

- 37 -
Topic 3.12: Equivalent Representations of Trigonometric Functions

111. Which of the following expressions is equivalent to

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

112. Which of the following expressions is equivalent to

(A) (B) (C) (D)

113. Which of the following expressions is equivalent to

(A) (B) (C) (D)

114. What is the value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

115. What is the value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

- 38 -
Directions: Use the following information to answer problems 116 119.

The figures show two circles centered at the origin with angle measures of respectively,, in standard position.
respectively
The terminal ray of angle intersects the circle at point and the terminal ray of angle intersects the circle at point
The coordinates of are and the coordinates of are

116. What is the value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

117. What is the value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

118. What is the value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

119. What is the value of

(A) (B) (C) (D)

- 39 -
120. Which of the following expressions is equivalent to

(A) (B) (C) (D)

121. Which of the following expressions is equivalent to

(A) (B) (C) (D)

122. Where which of the following is equivalent to

(A) (B) (C) (D)

123. Where which of the following is equivalent to

(A) (B) (C) (D)

124. Which of the following expressions is equivalent to

(A) (B) (C) (D)

125.. Which of the following expressions is equivalent to

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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Topic 3.13: Trigonometry and Polar Coordinates

126. The location of a point in the plane is given by polar coordinates Which of the following gives another

representation for this point in polar coordinates?

(A)
rotates full circles in the opposite or same direction then r stays the
same. rotates half circles in either direction then r is the opposite.
(B)

(C)

(D)

127. The location of a point in the plane is given by polar coordinates Which of the following gives another

representation for this point in polar coordinates?

(A)
rotates full circles in the opposite or same direction then r stays the
same. rotates half circles in either direction then r is the opposite.
(B)

(C)

(D)

128. The location of a point in the plane is given by polar coordinates Which of the following gives another

representation for this point in polar coordinates?

(A)
rotates full circles in the opposite or same direction then r stays the
(B) same. rotates half circles in either direction then r is the opposite.

(C)

(D)

- 41 -
129. The location of point in polar coordinates is Which of the following describes the location of

point in rectangular coordinates

(A) (B) (C) (D)

130. The location of point in polar coordinates is Which of the following describes the location of

point in rectangular coordinates

(A) (B) (C) (D)

131. The location of point in polar coordinates is Which of the following describes the location

of point in rectangular coordinates

(A) (B) (C) (D)

132.. The location of point in rectangular coordinates is Which of the following describes the
location of point in polar coordinates
(A) (B) (C) (D)

- 42 -
133. A complex number is represented by a point in the complex plane. The complex number has the rectangular
coordinates Which of the following is one way to express the complex number using its polar coordinates

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

134.. A complex number is represented by a point in the complex plane. The complex number has the rectangular

coordinates Which of the following is one way to express the complex number using its polar

coordinates

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

135.. A complex number is represented by a point in the complex plane. In polar coordinates, the complex number can be

expressed as Express the complex number using its rectangular coordinates

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

- 43 -
136. A complex number is represented by a point in the complex plane. In polar coordinates, the complex number can be

expressed as Express the complex number using its rectangular coordinates

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Topic 3.14: Polar Function Graphs

137.. The figure shows the graph of the polar function for in the polar coordinate system. Which
of the following could be an expression for
(A) (B) (C) (D)

A B C D
0

138. The figure shows the graph of the polar function for in the polar coordinate system. Which
of the following could be an expression for
(A) (B) (C) (D)

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139. The figure shows the graph of the polar function where in the polar coordinate
system for There are four points labeled If the domain of is restricted to

the portion of the given graph that remains consists of two pieces. One of those pieces is the portion of

the graph in Quadrant I from Which of the following describes the other remaining piece?

(A) The portion of the graph in Quadrant I from

(B) The portion of the graph in Quadrant II from
(C) The portion of the graph in Quadrant III from
(D) The portion of the graph in Quadrant IV from

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140. The figure shows the graph of the polar function where in the polar coordinate
system for There are four points labeled If the domain of is restricted to

which of the following describes the portion of the given graph?

(A) The top portion of the graph in Quadrant III from

(B) The bottom portion of the graph in Quadrant II from
(C) The portion of the graph in Quadrant III from
(D) The portion of the graph in Quadrant IV from

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141. A portion of the graph of the polar function where is shown in the polar
coordinate system for If which of the following could be the values for

(A) (B) (C) (D)

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142. Which of the following is the graph of the polar function where in the polar
coordinate system for

(A) (B)

(C) This is the only choice where (D)

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143. Which of the following is the graph of the polar function where in the polar
coordinate system for

(A) Eliminated (B)

(C) (D)

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144. Which of the following is the graph of the polar function where in the polar
coordinate system for

(A) Eliminated (B)

(C) Eliminated (D) Eliminated

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145. Which of the following is the graph of the polar function where in the polar coordinate
system for

(A) (B) Eliminated

(C) Eliminated (D) Eliminated

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146. Which of the following is the graph of the polar function where in the polar
coordinate system for

(A) Eliminated (B)

(C) Eliminated (D) Eliminated

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147. Which of the following is the graph of the polar function where in the polar
coordinate system for

(A) Eliminated (B) Eliminated

(C) Eliminated (D)

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148. Which of the following is the graph of the polar function where in the polar
coordinate system for

(A) Eliminated (B)

(C) Eliminated (D) Eliminated

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149. The figure shows the graph of the polar function where in the polar coordinate
system for There are four points labeled If the domain of is restricted to

which of the following describes the portion of the given graph?

(A) The portion of the graph in Quadrant I from

(B) The portion of the graph in Quadrant III from
(C) The portion of the graph in Quadrant III from
(D) The portion of the graph in Quadrant IV from

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150. The figure shows the graph of the polar function where in the polar coordinate
system for There are four points labeled If the domain of is restricted to

which of the following describes the portion of the given graph that remains?

(A) The top portion of the graph in Quadrant II from

(B) The bottom portion of the graph in Quadrant II from
(C) The top portion of the graph in Quadrant IV from
(D) The bottom portion of the graph in Quadrant IV from

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Topic 3.15: Rates of Change in Polar Functions

151. Consider the graph of the polar function where in the polar coordinate system for
Which of the following statements is true about the distance between the point with polar coordinates
and the origin?

(A) The distance is increasing for because is negative and decreasing

creasing on the interval.

(B) The distance is increasing for because is positive and decreasing

creasing on the interval.

(C) The distance is decreasing for because is negative and increasing

easing on the interval.

(D) The distance is decreasing for because is positive

tive and increasing
increasing on the interval.

If a polar function, = ( ), is positive and increasing or negative and

decreasing, then the distance between ( ( ), ) and the origin is increasing.

152. The polar function where iss graphed in the polar coordinate system for
On which
hich of the following intervals of is the distance between the point with polar coordinates
and the origin decreasing
decreasing??

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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153. The polar function where is graphed in the polar coordinate system for
On which of the following intervals of is the distance between the point with polar coordinates
and the origin increasing?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

154. In the polar coordinate system, the graph of the polar function is shown with a domain of all real values of
for On this interval of , the graph has no holes, passes through each point exactly one time, and as
increases, the graph passes through the labeled points in that order. On which of the following
intervals is the average rate of change of with respect to least?

(A) From A to B

(B) From B to C

(C) From B to D

(D) From D to A

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155. In the polar coordinate system, the graph of the polar function is shown with a domain of all real values of
for On this interval of , the graph has no holes, passes through each point exactly one time, and as
increases, the graph passes through the labeled points in that order. On which of the following
intervals is the average rate of change of with respect to greatest?

(A) From A to B

(B) From A to C

(C) From B to C

(D) From B to D

156. The polar function where is graphed in the polar coordinate system. As varies

from to how is the distance between the origin and the point with polar coordinates

changing?
(A) The distance is decreasing.
(B) The distance is increasing.
(C) The distance increases, then the distance decreases.
(D) The distance decreases, then the distance increases.

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157. Consider the graph of the polar function where in the polar coordinate system.

Which of the following statements about is true over the interval

(A) The average rate of change of with respect to is positive, and the points on the graph are above the
when is graphed in the

(B) The average rate of change of with respect to is negative, and the points on the graph are above the
when is graphed in the

(C) The average rate of change of with respect to is positive, and the points on the graph are below the
when is graphed in the

(D) The average rate of change of with respect to is negative, and the points on the graph are below the
when is graphed in the

158. Consider the graph of the polar function where in the polar coordinate

system. As increases on the interval which

hich of the following statements is true about the points on

the graph of in the

(A) The points on the graph are below the and are getting farther from the origin.
(B) The points on the graph are below the and are getting closer from the origin.
(C) The points on the graph are above the and are getting farther from the origin.
(D) The points on the graph are above the and are getting closer from the origin.

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