STATIONS AND YARDS

Selected places on railway track,

where trains are stopped for
exchange of passengers, goods and
for control of train movements.
 PURPOSE OF RAILWAY STATIONS

o Exchange of passengers and goods

o Control of train movements
o Enable the trains moving in opposite direction to
cross each other on single line track
o Enable the following express train to overtake slow
moving train on single line
o Taking fuel (diesel, coal, water) for loco
o Changing locomotive, running staff, bogies, wagons
 SITE SELECTION FOR RAILWAY STATION

o Should be close to village or town to serve

o Fairly level ground, straight portion of track
o Good approach roads connecting places
o Source of potable water, good drainage
o Ample area for laying of track, station building, staff
quarters and future expansion
 CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STATIONS

Based on operational characteristics

o Block stations: Class A, B and C
o Non block stations
o Special class stations
Based on functional characteristics
o Way side stations
o Junction stations
o Terminal stations
 BLOCK STATIONS

o A railway line is divided into zones or sections so as

to space trains behind each other
o The block stations are made at the end of each
block sections and are equipped with signals to
demarcate the limits of block sections
o Thus block station is a place where “permission to
approach” and “authority to proceed” is granted
 A CLASS BLOCK STATION

Warner Home
Starter signal
Loop line
Up
Breaking distance Main line
Down

o Station where line has to be cleared up to adequate dist (400 m)

beyond home signal to give permission to approach. Minimum
signals are:
o Warner signal: placed at warning distance to indicate whether
section ahead is clear or not.
o Home signal: first stop signal
o Starter signal: placed ahead at adequate distance. It marks the
line up to which clearance is required to give permission to
approach.
 B CLASS BLOCK STATION

Outer Home
Starter signal
Siding

Down
400 m 180 m Main line

Up Siding

Starter signal Home

o Here the line has to be clear up to an adequate distance
beyond the outer signal before giving permission to
approach. Signal requirements are;
o Outer: first stop, Home: placed @ dist from outer, Starter:
placed @ dist from home signal
 C CLASS STATIONS

Warner Home

Braking Adequate
distance distance

o It is only a block hut and no passengers are booked. It is

used as a means to split a long block section so that
interval between successive trains is reduced. Its signal
requirements are:
o Home signal: to indicate first stops signal
o Warner signal: placed at an adequate distance to warn
o Trains usually do not stop at these stations.
 NON BLOCK STATIONS

Station building
Platform
Main line
Siding
Loading platform
o Also known as D class stations or flag stations
o Situated between two consecutive block stations
o They do not define boundary of any block section
o Neither they are connected to adjacent stations nor there
is any staff for movement control.
o All other stations not covered under A,B,C or D are known
as Special Class stations.
 WAY SIDE STATIONS

o Stations having an arrangement only for crossing of an up

and down train and for overtaking a slow moving train.
Further classified as
o Halt station: simply a stopping place. No building, no staff.
Provided on light traffic or long block sections
o Flag station: similar to halt stations but building and staff
provided. May have telegraph. Normally without signals and
control is by flags
o Crossing station: facilities are provided for crossing of an up
and down train by arranging a loop. May be on single, double
or triple line.
 SINGLE LINE, CROSSING TYPE,
WAYSIDE STATION . .
Station building
Passenger
Main line platform
UP >> << DN

Loop line

Goods loop

Goods platform
Goods shed
 DOUBLE LINE, CROSSING TYPE,
WAYSIDE STATION . .
Refuge line
Island platform

Main lines
UP >> << DN
Cross
Foot over bridge
over

Goods loop
Passenger
platform

Goods Station building

platform Goods
shed
 TRIPLE LINE, CROSSING TYPE,
WAYSIDE STATION . .
I loop line
Island platform

Main lines
UP >> << DN
II loop
Foot over bridge
line

Sand Passenger
hump platform

Station building
 JUNCTION STATION

Station where one or more branch lines join to one or more main
lines and at such junction special arrangements are made ..

o Facilitate interchange of traffic between ML and BL

(cross over, foot bridge)
o To clean and repair the railway vehicles like locos,
coaches, wagons (loco shed, diesel sheds, washing lines)
o To change the direction of engine (triangle or turntable)
 JUNCTION BETWEEN SINGLE
BRANCH AND SINGLE MAIN LINE
Station bldg. Goods shed
& platform
Main platform
Goods loop

Foot bridge Main line

UP >>

Dock platform
Sand
hump

Loop line
Branch line Ash/exam pit Turn table
 JUNCTION BETWEEN SINGLE
BRANCH AND DOUBLE MAIN LINE
Station bldg. Goods shed
& platform
Main platform
Goods loop
Sand
hump
Main line 2

UP >> Main line 1

Island platform
Scissors Sand
cross over hump
Sand
hump

Branch line Loop line Ash/exam pit Turn table

 TERMINAL STATIONS
Station at which line terminates. No. of sidings are
provided. Buffers to avoid excessive damage.
Hydraulic buffers Private property

Circulation Platform no. 1

area Track 1

Platform no. 2, 3
Entrance Track 2
Platform no. 4,5
Track 3
Platform no. 6

Roads
Checking Area Property
Buffers
 STATIONS YARDS
Yards are provided for receiving, storing, cleaning,
repairing, sorting, making up trains, dispatch of
trains and such other purpose. The movements of
trains in station is controlled by separate rules of
yards.
 CLASSIFICATION OF STATION YARDS

1. Passenger bogie yards

2. Goods yards
3. Marshalling yards
4. Locomotive yards
o Passenger Yard: Provide facilities for safe
movement of passengers and bogies
o Chief requirements: Passenger Platforms, Parking
space, signals for up/down trains, no. of sidings,
shunting lines, wash lines, sick lines and facility for
charging of batteries.
 CLASSIFICATION

o Goods Yards: provide facilities for receiving,

loading, unloading, storing, delivery of goods and
movement of wagons
o Chief Requirements: Goods Platform, Approach
Roads, cranes, weigh bridge, loading gauge (to
check het and width of loaded wagons), booking
office, goods shed, no of sidings, gathering lines
with humps or buffer stops.
 MARSHALLING YARDS

o The yards where trains and other loads are

received, sorted out station wise and new trains
are formed and dispatched onwards.
Types:
o Flat yards: track on level ground, sorting done by
engines
o Gravitational yards: tracks laid on such gradient
that wagons move on their own
o Hump yards: Artificial hump provided, wagons are
pushed upto hump and wagons move on own.
 LAYOUT OF MARSHALLING YARD

UP >> Main line Sick Siding << DN

Sorting Siding
Reception Siding

Exam Pit Loco shed

Departure Siding

Fuel depot Turn Table

 LOCOMOTIVE YARD : PROVIDE FACILITIES FOR
FUELING, REPAIRING, OILING, CLEANING,
SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE OF LOCOMOTIVES

Ash pits Loco shed Exam, service, repair pits

Turn table

To
running
lines
Fuel Depot Ash pits
To Sick
lines
Entry form running lines