AL-HUDA PRIMARY SCHOOL

Class Eight science Questions and answers

Chapter 1: Health Education
1. What do the letters STD stand for?
 The word STD stands for sexually transmitted disease.
2. List some of the STDs?
 Gonorrhea, Syphilis and AIDS are common STD.
3. What are the germs that cause gonorrhea?
 By bacteria called Neisseria gonorrhea.
4. Define communicable diseases?
 Communicable diseases are that pass from one person to another.
 And also called infections disease.
5. What are the signs and symptoms of gonorrhea?
 Lower abdominal pain discharge
 Frequent painful urination
 Thick yellowish pus discharge
 Eyes sticky with pus in a newborn baby.
 Burning irritating when passing urine
6. What is complication of gonorrhea?
 Inflammation of joints or other body organs.
 Blockage of the urethra
 Sterility in women
 Blockage of the fallopian tubes
7. How gonorrhea can be treated?
 Gonorrhea can be treated with penicillin injections.
8. What are the germs that cause syphilis?
 Syphilis is caused by bacteria called Treponema Palladium.
9. State the three stages of syphilis?
 Primary stage: 2 weeks to week from time of sexual contact.
 Secondary stage: 4-6 weeks after primary infection.
 Tertiary stage: after 2-10 year or more after secondary infection.
10. List the symptoms of primary stage syphilis?
 Painless sore on the genital organs
 Disappear of the sore with out treatment.
11. State symptoms of secondary stage of syphilis?
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

 Ulcers in the mouth
 Generalized non-itchy body rashes
 Swelling of lymph glands
 Raised patches on genital area and between buttocks
 Headaches
12. List the symptoms of tertiary stage syphilis?
 Damage of CNS leads madness
 Destruction of skin, loss of hair, damage of bones, muscles, heart and blood
vessels.
 Repeated abortion
 Babies to be born prematurely.
13. What is the treatment of syphilis?
 Syphilis can be treated with penicillin injections.
14. What causes AIDS?
 AIDS is caused by a virus called HIV.
15. What do the letters AIDS stands for?
 AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
16. What do the letters HIVstand for?
 Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
17. Which part of body usually AIDS affects?
 It leads destruction of the immune system.
18. List the signs and symptoms of AIDS?
 Loss of weight, Loss of appetite, Fatigue, Diarrhea, Vomiting
 Low of immunity
 Cough
 Extensive night sweat
 Lesions on the skin.
19. What are the preventions of HIV?
 Blood should be screened for injection.
 Avoiding illegal sex.
 Do not sharing needles for injection
 Cover cuts and wounds with water proof plasters.
20. What is the treatment of AIDS?
 Retroviral drugs.
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

21. What is a drug?
 Drug is any substance that changes or alters how body or mind works
22. Define Drug abuse?
 Drug abuse is the use of any drug in a ways that is unhealthy or illegal
23. What is the prescription?
 Prescription is the doctor’s written directions for the use of drug.
24. What is the Overdose?
 Overdose is the taking of too much medicine than normal dose at one time.
25. How do these drugs affect the brain?
a. Sedatives: slow brain activity and assist sleeping.
b. Stimulants: speed up the brain activity.
c. Hallucinogens: cause the user’s brain to see or hear thing that aren’t
real.
d. Painkillers: suppress parts of brain responsible for feeling pain.
26. Define Alcoholism?
 Alcoholism is defined as the excessive use of intoxicating drinks.
27. List some of the dangers of alcoholism?
 Cancer of throat
 In our country, it is illegal to drink alcohol.
 Alcohol is bad for your health it destroys the liver and brain.
 Drinking alcohols makes people hard to think and talk clearly.
 Cause social and economic problem.
 Cause road accidents.
28. Name three harmful substances in tobaccos smoke?
 Tar: is a sticky substance which blocks up the lungs.
 Nicotine: is a drug that found in tobacco that speeds up heart beat and affect
[Link] also narrows blood vessels.
 Carbon monoxide: poisonous or dour less gas that attaches red blood cells and
prevents them to carry full load of oxygen.
29. List some of the dangers of smoking?
 Increase the rate of lung cancer.
 Causes lung disease such as emphysema.
 Stained teeth and bad breath of mouth.
 Throat cancer
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

 The baby of a pregnant smoking woman born small and week.
30. Define Qat?
 Qat is a plant whose twigs are chewed by many people.
31. List the problems caused by chewing Qat?
 Qat contains chemicals stimulate and affects the brain
 Qat chewing cause poor appetite, lack of sleep mouth and stomach ulcers.
 Leads health, social and economic problems.
 Leads constipation.
32. What are the problems results from inhalants?
 Leads in die
 It damages kidneys, and liver
 Hallucinogens
 Unconscious
 Fear
 Bad behavior
 Headache
33. What are bacteria?
 Bacteria are very small living things that can cause diseases
34. Where they are found?
 Dust , Water, Soil
 Intestine, lungs, noses and mouth
35. Where bacteria can reproduce?
 Bacteria reproduce especially in a warm and moist environment
36. How many bacteria will be produced after 20 minutes?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

37. How many bacteria will be produced after 1 hour?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

38. How many bacteria will be produced after 4 hours?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Chapter 2: Animals
1. What is a skeleton system?
 Skeleton is defined the frame work of the body which is made up of bones.
2. What are types of the skeleton in animals and what are they?
 They are three types
a. Hydro skeleton
b. Exoskeleton
c. Endoskeleton
3. What are the functions of skeleton?
 Support
 Muscle attachment
 Protection
 Mineral storage
 Blood formation
4. What is Exoskeleton?
 Exoskeleton (skeleton outside the body) is animals like Tortoise.
5. State the main support of the exoskeleton?
 The main support is hard outer skeleton
6. What is the main support of the hydro skeleton?
 The main support of the body is water pressure (hydro static pressure)
7. What is a hydro skeleton?
 Is a liquid skeleton, the water inside the body gives support

8. What is endoskeleton?
 Is a skeleton found inside the body
9. What is a human skeleton?
 The skeleton in man is endoskeleton
10. How many regions have human skeleton and what are they?
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

 They are three
a. The axial skeleton
b. The appendicular skeleton
c. The theoretic skeleton
11. What is thoratic skeleton?
 Is a skeleton consist of the thorax or chest
12. What is axial skeleton?
 Is a skeleton consist of the skull, and the vertebral column ( back bone or
spine)
13. What is appendicular skeleton?
 Is a skeleton consist of the four limbs (leg and arms) or appendages of the body
and girdles which support them.
14. State characteristics of living things and what are they?
 Living things have seven characteristics and they are :
a. Breathing or respiration: is a getting oxygen, removing carbon dioxide
b. Reproducing: is a forming more individuals
c. Excreting: is a removing waste
d. Locomotion: or movement
e. Irritability: sensitivity and response
f. Nutrition: is taking in food
g. Growing: due to food
15. What is a reproduction?
 Is the process by which living organisms produce new individuals of their kind
16. What does the female reproductive organ consist of?
 Ovaries, oviduct, uterus and vagina

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Class Eight science Questions and answers

17. What are the ovaries?

 They are two ovaries, which produce female sex cells
18. What is oviduct?
 It is the tube through which the eggs passes from the ovary to womb
19. What is the uterus or womb?
 It is the where the baby is carried before the birth
20. What is the fertilization?
 It is the union of the sperm and the egg
21. What is the zygote?
 It is the fertilized egg
22. What does the zygote change?
 Change in to embryo

23. What does the male reproductive organ consist of?

 Testes, Sperm, Ducts, Male sex glands and Penis

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Class Eight science Questions and answers

24. What is the morning sickness?

 It is a short-term feeling of queasiness
25. What is a placenta?
 It is the where the foetus receives its food from the mother
26. What are the twins?
 Zygote are two embryos develop from a fertilized egg
27. What is the umbilical cord?
 It is the tube which connect mother and foetus
28. Define the gestation?
 Is the full development of the human foetus
29. What is the labour?
 It is the first sign that the body is about to be born
30. What is the puberty?
 It is the age that boys mature to produce semen
31. What is the ovulation?
 It is the age that the girl mature to release egg
32. How many times does the ovulation occur?
 It occurs once every 28 days
33. How many types of fish are there and what are they?
 Bony fish
 Cartilaginous fish

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Class Eight science Questions and answers

34. What are the bony fish?
 They are the fish that have skeleton made of bones
35. What does word aquatic mean?
 It means living in water
36. What are the cartilaginous fish?
 They are the fish which have skeleton made of cartilage
37. How the fish reproduces?
 The female lays the eggs in shallow water then the male fertilizes eggs with
sperm
38. How does the tilapia care for the fertilized egg?
 The mother carries the egg her mouth until they hatch
39. Where does the frog mate happen?
 It happens in the water
40. How the frog male attracts the female?
 The male uses his vocal sacs to produce a croaking sound
41. How does the frog reproduce?
 The male climbs on to the females back and places his front legs around her
chest and grips her tightly to pass out eggs and the male produces sperm
42. What does the fertilized egg develop into?
 In to tadpoles
43. Why is jelly important to the frog’s egg?
 The jelly also helps to keep the eggs together and prevent them from being
swept away in currents of water
44. How long does it take the fertilized egg to hatch into tadpoles?
 It takes 30 hours
45. How do the birds reproduce?
 By sexually
46. What does the production in birds involve?
 It involves sequences actions such as claiming territory, male singing, court
ship, nest building, mating, egg laying, incubation, hatching, and parental care.
47. What is the incubation?
 It is the sitting on the eggs to keep it safe and the correct temperatures
48. How long does the incubation last?
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 It lasts for about 21 days
49. What is court ship?
 It involves displays and shared action
50. Why do the birds sit on the eggs?
 To give warm and protection

Chapter 3: The Plants

1. What is photosynthesis?
 Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants make their own food.
2. What does the photo means?
 Photo means light
3. What does the mean synthesis?
 Synthesis means to build up
4. Name an important substance in the chloroplasts of green plants help photosynthesis.
 Chloroplast of green leaves have chlorophyll
5. Where roots of the plants absorbed water?
 Roots of the plants absorbed water from the soil.
6. Where the plants absorbed carbon dioxide?
 From the air.
7. Name the four factors which affect the rate of photosynthesis.
 Light
 Water
 Temperature
 Carbon dioxide
8. What splits water into hydrogen and oxygen?
 Chlorophyll
9. How does the water affect the photosynthesis?
 Too little water slows down the rate of photosynthesis
10. How does the carbon dioxide affect the photosynthesis?
 The increase of the carbon dioxide increases the rate of the photosynthesis.
11. How does the light affect the photosynthesis?
 The more light there is the faster the rate of the photosynthesis
12. Describe the two stages of photosynthesis?
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

 Photosynthesis occurs in two sages
a. Stage 1: water is split into hydrogen and oxygen
b. Stage 2: hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide to from carbohydrate with
out sunlight.
13. Write the equation represents process of photosynthesis?
 The equation represent photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water= glucose + oxygen
14. What is the food produced during photosynthesis?
 The food produced is a sugar especially glucose
15. What is the function of chlorophyll?
 Chlorophyll is green substance which gives leaves their colour
16. Why plants are called producers and animals are called consumers?
 Plants are called producers because they make their food while animals are
called consumers because they eat ready-made food.
17. How do animals depend on plants?
 They eat the food manufactured by plants
 Use the oxygen from plants
18. How do plants depend on animals?
 Because they use the carbon oxide given by animals
 Animals help plants for pollination and seed dispersal
19. What does the interdepended mean?
 It means the way that living organism depend on each other.
20. Where does the main energy of earth come from?
 The sun is the main energy source on the earth
21. Name three differences between animals and plants?
Plants Animals
Plants do not move Animals move
Plants are producers Animals are consumers
Use sunlight energy Use chemical energy

Chapter 4: Environment
1. What is soil pollution?

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Class Eight science Questions and answers

o Soil pollution is the mixing of soil with impure poisonous substances that are
harmful to plants and animals
2. State some cause of soil pollution?
o Agricultural chemicals
o House hold wastes
o Chemical fertilizers
3. What are the harmful effects of chemical wastes?
o Killing microorganisms live in the soil which decompose natural wastes
o The non-degrading pesticides such D.D.T. enters the food chain and become
harmful to animals.
4. What are the effects of house hold wastes such as plastic bags, bottles and cans to the
soil?
o Blocks the absorption of water and minerals by plants roots
o Reduces the food available to the grazing animals
o Causes digestion problem to animals when eat indigestible plastic bags.
5. Why water conservation is important?
o It is essential for life
o It is the most a abundant compound in living organisms
o It serves as solvent for many chemical reactions in living organisms
o Life is originated from water
6. List some importance of conserving trees in the environment?
o Cover the soil with humus
o Control of soil erosion
o Keeps the temperature lower
o Prevent evaporation of water
o Release oxygen
o Absorb atmospheres carbon dioxide
7. State ways can be conserved into water?
o To hold rain water that would other wise be lost
o Dam building and land contouring
o Through terracing the hills
8. What is pollution?
o Is the contaminating of the environment with poisonous or harmful substance
9. What are the types of water pollution?
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

o Pollution caused by crude oil which spill in to the water
o Pollution caused by sewages
o Pollution caused by dumping wastes into water sources
o Pollution caused by nuclear factories

Chapter 5: Agriculture
1. What is poultry?
 Poultry means rearing of birds for meat or eggs
2. What are the two types of poultry?
 Broiler: this type of poultry the chicken is reread for meat.
 Layer: this type of poultry the birds is reared to produce eggs.
3. State the three most common methods of chicken rearing?
 Free range system
 Deep liter
 The battery system
4. What are the characteristic of good poultry house?
 Adequate space per bird
 Good ventilation
 Well roving to avoid leakage
 Every part of the house should be easily reached
 The floor and walls should be of firm construction
5. Describe the deep litter system of chicken rearing?
 The litter should about 10cm—25cm deep
 The building should have laying nest and parches
6. Describe the free range system of chicken rearing?
 In this method the chicken are let out to feed for themselves but with in
perimeter fence.

7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of deep liter system?

 Advantages
a. Eggs do not get lost
b. Problem of vermin’s avoided
c. Many birds can be reared in small space
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

d. Birds are not exposed to parasite
e. Poultry manure is available
 Disadvantages
a. If disease breaks out, is spreads quickly
b. It is difficult to keep records of individual birds
c. Communalism is common in this system
8. What is the battery system of chicken rearing?
 The floor should slope towards the front
 A cage for two birds should be about 45cm wide, 60cm long 0.3m—0.6m high.
 The waters and feeders are attached to the cage
9. What are the advantages and disadvantages battery system?
 Advantages
a. There are no loss of eggs and are clean
b. Records of individual birds can be easily kept
c. Many birds can be reared in small space
d. Birds which are not laying eggs are easily identified
 Disadvantages
a. It requires a lot of initial investment
b. Cages can damages some parts of the birds body
c. When there is an outbreak of disease, is it spreads very quickly
d. Birds do not have enough space to move freely
10. What are the two methods of off incubation?
 There are two methods
a. Natural incubation: in this method broody hen sits on the eggs until they
hath into chicks
b. Artificial incubation: in this method eggs are placed in special machines
called incubation.

11. What is an incubation of eggs?

 Incubation means keeping eggs under conditions that allow them to hatch into
chicks.
12. What are the conditions needed for natural incubation?
 Clean dry nest made of soft materials
 Undisturbed environment
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 Parasite free nest
 Dimply lit
 Sheltered from wind and rain
 All eggs for incubation should be fertile
13. State the parasites that attack to the poultry?
 Mites
 Ticks
14. State some poultry diseases and parasites?
 Newcastle
 Coccidiosis
 Typhoid
 External parasites

Chapter 6: Lights
1. Define the light?
 Light is al form of energy
2. What is the most sensitive organ in light?
 It is the eye
3. How does the pinhole camera work?
 Just like the eye
4. Where does eyeball lie?
 In the socket in the human skull
5. What is the complete eye called?
 It is called eyeball
6. What control the eye movement?
 Extrinsic muscles between eyeball and the socket control eye movement
7. State the part of the human eye their functions
 Conjunctive , cornea, pupil, iris, retina and optic nerve

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Class Eight science Questions and answers

8. What is the iris?

 It is the dark brown black, blue or green coloured part of the human eye
9. What is the cornea?
 It is the transparent membrane at the front of an eyeball
10. What is the pupil?
 It is hole centre of the iris
11. How do the muscles in the iris make the pupil in the dim light?
 They make large it
12. What is locating behind the iris?
 The lens
13. List the away in which the camera and the eye images are similar
 Eye image
a. Are smaller upside down and from on the retina
b. Are focused by changing the shape of lens.
c. Are controlled by the amount of light entering the pupil.
 Camera images
a. Are smaller upside down and from on the film
b. Are focused by changing the position of lens
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c. Are controlled the amount of light entering the shutter and the diaphragm
14. What is the long sightedness and where does image forms?
 It is when the lens is unable to focus the image on the retina and the image
forms beyond the retina
15. How is the vision of the long sightedness?
 It is blurred
16. What is needed to correct the long sightedness?
 It is needed converging lenses
17. What is the short sightedness?
 It happens when the image forms in front of the retina this person can not see
objects that over 5m long
18. What is needed to correct short sightedness?
 It is needed diverging lenses
19. What are the common eye diseases?
 Trachoma
 Cataract
 River blindness
20. State five things that causes eye infections?
 Poor personal hygiene
 Using un prescribed medicine
 Sharing eye cleaning material
 A dusty environment
 Poor nutrition

Chapter 7: Heat
1. What is a heat?
o Heat is a form of energy

2. What is energy?
o Energy is the ability to do work
3. What is the main source of energy for the earth?
o It is the sun
4. State the six forms of energy?
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

o Mechanical energy
o Light energy
o Heat energy
o Chemical energy
o Sound energy
o Magnetic energy
5. Name the two types of mechanical energy?
o Potential energy
o Kinetic energy
6. What is kinetic energy?
o Kinetic energy is the energy an object has because of its movement
7. What is the potential energy?
o It is the energy of an object which is at rest or stationary
8. What is the sound energy?
o Is a from of energy produced by vibrating objects
9. What is light energy?
o Is a form of energy that helps us to see all things around us
10. What is the chemical energy?
o Is the energy exists in the form of stored energy
11. What occur when the substance is heated?
o The substance become hotter
o The volume of the substances may increase
o The substance may change its form
12. Define temperature?
o Temperature is the hotness or coldness of an object
13. If we increase the heat what happens the temperature of the substance?
o As we increase the amount of heat, the temperature of substance increase
14. When heat is reduced what happens to the temperature?
o Temperature decreases
15. How does the heat affect liquid?
o Liquids change their form when heated and when cooled
16. How does the heat affect solid?
o Solids change their form. They can change from solid to liquid.
17. What is a thermometer?
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

o Thermometer is an instrument used to measure temperature
18. What are the units for measuring temperature?
o Celsius
o Kelvin
o Fahrenheit

Conversion of the units of the temperature

C f —32) Fahrenheit to Celsius

F = c x 9/5 +32 Celsius to Fahrenheit
K = (273.15 + c Celsius to kelvin
C = (273.15—k Kelvin to Celsius

Chapter 8: Magnetism
1. What is a magnet?
 Magnet is piece of iron which attracts other iron or steel objects
2. What is the word that magnet is comes from?
 Comes from the word magnesia in turkey
3. What are two types of magnets?
 Natural magnet
 Artificial magnet
4. What is natural magnet?
 Are those naturally occurring in the earth
5. Define artificial magnet?
 Are the magnets that are produced by the men

6. State some of the known shapes of artificial magnet?

 Bar magnet
 Horse shoe magnet
 U-shaped magnet
7. What is magnetic material?
 Magnetic material are those materials that are attracted by a magnet

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Class Eight science Questions and answers

8. Define non-magnetic materials?
 Are those materials that are not attracted by a magnet
9. State examples of magnetic material?
 Iron, steel and nickel
10. What are the examples of non-magnetic material?
 Aluminum, copper, gold, lead and plastics
11. State low of magnetism?
 Like poles repel each other while unlike poles attract each other.
12. What is a magnetic field?
 Is the area around a magnet in which magnetic force can be felt
13. What is a magnetization?
 Is the process of making magnets
14. What are permanent magnets?
 Are magnets that maintain magnetic properties for long period of time
[Link] are the two types of artificial magnet based on their ability?
 permanent magnets and
 temporary magnets
16. What are the temporary magnets?
 Are magnets that maintain magnetic properties for short period of time
17. What are the magnetic properties?
 Magnets force
 Magnets have two poles north and south
 Magnets suspended always comes to rest with their ends pointing South and
North direction

[Link] many methods we make magnets and what are they?

 Stroking method, induction method, and by using electricity
19. What is electromagnet?
 A magnet made by current flowing in coil
20. Why steel is not used in the electromagnet?
 Because it is not easily magnetized and demagnetized
21. Why iron is used electromagnet?
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

 Because it is easily magnetized and demagnetized
[Link] is used of electromagnetic crane?
 Electromagnetic crane is used to lift iron scraps
[Link] is the function of load speaker?
 It changes electrical energy into sound energy
24. How does electric bell works?
 It works when the current flows through the wire the electromagnet attracts
soft iron armature and the hammer hits the gong then sound is produced

Chapter 9: Force and Motion

1. Define force?
 Force is a pushing or pulling of an object
2. What is the SI unit of a force?
 The SI unit of force is newton(N)
3. What are the affects of a force?
 the speed of an object
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

 the direction of moving object
 the shape of an object
4. What is a motion?
 Is the movement of an objects from one position to another
5. What are the 4 types of motion? And define each one?
 Rectilinear motion: is a motion of a body along straight line.
 Curvilinear motion: is a motion along a curved path
 Rotary motion: is the motion of a body about an axis
 Vibratory motion: is –to and –fro motion of object
6. What is a distance?
 Is the total length traveled by a body
 Is the product of speed and time
7. What distance is expressed?
 Distance is expressed by a symbols of (S)
8. What are the units of distance?
M Meter
KM Kilometer
 Distance calculation

Distance= speed of an objects x time taken

S=VXT

9. Define speed?
 Is the distance (S) traveled by the body divided by the time taken
10. What is the symbol of speed?
 Symbol of speed is (V)
11. What are the SI units of speed?
 The SI units of speed are
M /S Meter per second
CM/S Centimeter per second
KM/H Kilometer per hour

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Class Eight science Questions and answers

 Speed calculation
Speed = distance traveled by an object
Time taken
V= S
T

12. What is the average speed?

 Is the total distance traveled divided by total time taken.

Formula of average speed

Average speed = total distance traveled

Total time taken
V av= S
T
13. What is displacement?
 Displacement is a shortest distance between the initial and final position of the
body
14. What is the symbol of displacement?
 Symbol is (S)
[Link] is the difference between distance and displacement?
 Displacement Vector quantity
 Distance is a scaler quantity
16. What is a vector quantity?
 Is the quantity which has both magnitude and direction
17. What is scaler quantity?
 Is the quantity which has only magnitude
Displacement formula
Displacement = velocity x time

18. What is a velocity?

 Is the displacement traveled by the object divided by the time taken
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

19. What is the SI unit of velocity?
 The SI units of velocity are
M/S Meter per second
CM/S Centimeter per second
KM/H Kilometer per hour

20. What is the difference between velocity and speed?

 Velocity is a vector quantity
 Speed is a scaler quantity

Velocity = displacement V= S
Time T

21. What is the average velocity?

Average velocity = total displacement

total time

[Link] is the acceleration?

 Is the rate of change of velocity
23. What is the SI unit of acceleration?
 The SI unit of acceleration (M/S2)

[Link] is the symbol of acceleration?

 The symbol is a
[Link] the formula acceleration

Acceleration = change in velocity a = vi – vf

Time t

Note:
a. If a body starts from rest, its initial velocity is zero (vi=0)
b. If a body comes to rest after certain time, the final velocity is zero (vf=o)
Exercise

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Class Eight science Questions and answers

1. How far will it take for a car moving with 70m/s to cover a time of 6 second?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. What is time take for a car moving with 420km to cover a speed of 70km/h?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. A cyclist covers a distance of 15miles in 2hours calculate his speed?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. A plane flies a distance of 500m in 5 seconds. Calculate the average speed for the
flight?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. A student travels a constant velocity of 20m/s towards the north for 4seconds.
Calculate the displacement?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Chapter 10:MATTER
1. What is matter?
o Matter is any thing that has a mass and weight and occupies an empty space
2. What is a chemical reaction?
o Chemical reaction is when two substances or more combine together and new
substance is formed
3. What are chemical equations?
o Chemical equation is away which shows reactant and products
E.g 2H2+ O2 2H2O
4. What is a balanced chemical equation?
o When the atoms of the reactants and products are equal we say balanced
chemical equation.
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

5. State law of conservation or Dalton says atoms?
o Law of conservation or Dalton says atoms can neither be created nor
destroyed
6. Balance the following equations?
a. H2 + CL2 HCL
b. Na2CO3 + HCL NaCL + CO 2 + H2O
c. Ca(OH)2 +NH4CL CaCL2 + NH3 + H2O
d. NH3 + O2 NO(g) + H2O(g)
7. What are types of chemical reactions?
o Combination reaction: these reactions occur when two or more atoms
combine together chemically.
8. What is formed combination reaction?
o It is formed a new molecule which is different from the reactants.
E.g. H + H H2
E.g. Mg2 + O2 2MgO
o Decomposition reaction: this type of reaction occurs when molecule
decomposes into two or more smaller and different molecules.
E.g. CaCo3 Heat Cao + Co2
E.g. 2pb (No3) Heat 2pbo + 4No2 + 2O2
o Single replacement reaction: is reaction in which one element displaces
another element from its compound.
o Double replacement reaction: is a reaction in which two compounds react
together to form two new compounds by exchange of positive and negative
ions of each reactant
AB + CD AD + CB
o Re-arrangement reaction: is the reaction occurs when the atoms of a molecule
rearrange with out adding another atom or with out removing its atom
A+B T Re-arrangement reaction ( T-A-B)
MgO+ H2O Mg(OH)2
9. What is a valency?
o Valency is the ability of one atom to hold the other atoms in the molecule
when reaction occurs
10. What is covalent bond?

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Class Eight science Questions and answers

o Is a bond between non-metals
11. What is ionic bond?
o Is a bond between metals and nonmetals
12. What are reactants?
o Reactants are initial region of the chemical equation
13. What are the products?
o Products are final region of chemical equation
14. What is the difference between atom and ion?
o When element loses or gains electrons is called ion
o When the element does not gain or lose electrons is called atom
15. What is a chemical bond?
o Is the attractive force that binds atoms together in a molecule
16. What is an acid?
o An acid a substance that changes blue litmus paper into red
17. What are the two types of acid?
o They are organic acids and in organic acids
18. State of some of the properties of acids?
o Acids have sour taste
o Acids are soluble in water
o Some acids are conduct electricity
o Acids react with bases to forms salt and water
o Acids turn litmus paper in to red
o Acids are corrosive
19. What is the function of stomach’s hydrochloric acid?
o Stomach’s hydrochloric acid is weak and helps to break down foods
20. Give some example of acids and tell where they are found?
Acid Found in
Citric Lemons
Ascorbic Fruits and vegetables
Hydrochloric acid In the stomach
Lactic Sour milk
Tartaric Grapes
Sulphuric Car batteries
Nitric Fertilizer and explosives

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Class Eight science Questions and answers

21. State some uses of acids?

o H2SO4 : battery cars in your car
o Hydrochloric acids : to clean metals before electroplating
o Nitric acid : production of fertilizers
o Tartaric acid: manufacturing of soft drinks
22. What is the difference between organic acids and in organic acids?
o Organic acids are acids from natural living things such as fruits and milk
o In organic acids are acids from non-living things or prepared in the lab such as
Sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid
23. What is produced when acid and bases are mixed?
o Remember
Acid + metal salt + hydrogen
Acid + alkalis salt + water
Acid + carbonates salt + water + carbon dioxide
24. What is base?
o Base is any substance that changes the red litmus into blue
25. State some of the properties of a Bases?
o Bases turn the red litmus paper in to blue
o Have bitter taste
o Some bases are soluble in water
o Bases react with acids to form salts and water
o Bases have ph of 8—14
26. Give some example of bases?
o Baking powder
o Wood ash
o Washing – powder
o Fresh milk
27. State some uses of bases?
o Calcium hydroxide are used to make cement
o Sodium hydroxide are used manufacturing of soups
o Bases are used to neutralize acids
28. What are called the bases that soluble in water?
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

o Soluble bases in water are called alkalis
29. What is a neutralization reaction?
o Neutralization reaction is the reaction between acids and bases
30. Write the neutralization reaction of acid and bases?
Acid + Base forms Salt + Water
HCL +NaOH forms NaCL + H2O
31. What is an indicator?
o Is a chemical substance, which changes the colour when an acid or base is
mixed with it.
32. How do indicators show if the substance is an acid or base?
o Indicators change their colour to specify the presence of acid or base.
33. Name one example of inducator?
o Litmus paper
34. What is litmus?
o Is a soluble substance obtained from lichen plants

Chapter 11: WATER

1. Why is it important to conserve water?
 Because water is essential for all living things and wasting of water results a
negative impact to human plants and animals.
2. Name two methods of water conservation you learned in c/ass eight?
 Afforestation and planting cover crops are two methods of water conservation.
3. Define afforestation?
 Afforestation is a planting of a trees in a place where previously lack of trees
4. What is deforestation?
 Deforestation is the removal of trees or forests from a place or location
5. State some ways that deforestation can be reduced.
 Community mobilization
 Authorities to enact laws prohibit deforestation
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

 Environmental agencies should take part in minimizing deforestation
6. Name some methods of afforestation
 By village/town shelter
 By sand dune fixation
 Wind breaks
 Live fencing
7. Describe why people make village/shelter belts?
 People grow plants around villages or towns to make village/shelter belts in
order to protect strong winds and the cold at right
8. Describe why people use wind breaks.
 Wind breaks are special types of plants planted around gardens to protect
delicate vegetable and fruits from strong winds which can damage the crops.
9. What is meant live fencing?
 Life fencing is a type of afforestation that certain plant are grown around
gardens to serve as a fence.
10. What is sand dune?
 Sand dune is an accumulation of a so many tons of sand particles or a dust in
one area blown by winds.
11. What are the problems results from sand dunes?
 Sand dune can damage the vegetation and block the roads in towns or villages.
12. What is a sand dune fixation? Give some ways of sand dune fixation
 Sand dune fixation is a technique which will prevent or stop the spreading sand
dune
Methods of sand dune fixation include:
a. Fencing
b. Mulching with sticky substances
c. Using cactus plants.
13. How can be planted cover crops? What is the importance of cover crops?
 Cover crops are leguminous plants with wide leaves chosen for ground
covering

Cover crops are important method of water conservation because

 The leaf cover helps to retain water in the soil

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Class Eight science Questions and answers

 Reduce water evaporation from the soil
 Enriches the soil and act as a fertilizer.
14. What are the ways we can use water
 Fish farming
 Domestic use
 Watering animals
 Agricultural use
 Industrial use
 Extraction of salt from the sea
 Hydroelectric power
15. What is the percentage of water on the surface of the earth?
 Percentage of the water on the surface is 70%
16. What is percentage of salted water in the oceans?
 97% of the water
17. What is the hydroelectric power?
 It is the power derived from a higher to lower level

Chapter 12: Weather

1. What is weather?
 Weather is the atmospheric condition in a place for a short period time
2. What is an atmosphere?
 Atmosphere is the air that surround the earth
3. Define climate?
 Climate is the pattern of weather conditions of a place over a long period of
time
4. What is called the study of weather and climate?
 Meteorology
5. List the weather instruments used.
 Anemometer for wind speed
 Rain gauges for rain
 Thermometers for temperature
 Hygrometer for humidity
6. State some things influence the climate of a place?
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

 Inclination of the sun
 Vegetation and animal life
 By changing their environment
7. Where the word climate comes from?
 The world climate comes from the Greek word KLIMA referring the inclination
of the sun.
8. Name the main pastoralist societies.
 The Basseria of Southern Iraq
 The Maasai and Karimojong of East Africa
 Most of the people of Somalia
 The Sami of the Arctic Circle
9. Describe the effects of climate on pastoralism?
 People in dry areas where the temperature is high most of the year corps
cannot grow well and people tend as pastroralist that keeps animals which
feed the little vegetation available.

10. What are the differences between pastoralism and nomadism?

 Nomadism refers to society those their movements are controlled to a great
extent by the need of their herding animals
 Pastoralism is a term describes society which their economically based on the
herding of animals. They may not make migration.
11. Define the pastoralism?
 Pastoralism is the term used to describe an ecomomy based predominantly on
the herding of animals such as cattle, goats, sheep and camels.

Chapter 13: Earth and Space

1. What are constellations?
 Constellations are particular patterns bright stars in the night sky
2. Name some common constellation seen in the sky?
 The big Dipper or the plough
 Pole star or Polaris
 The lion or Leo
 Orion the Hunter
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Class Eight science Questions and answers

 Southern cross
3. Describe the big Dipper (tododka) constellation?
 The big Dipper is a group of seven stars in the northerly direction in the early
evening. They are also called the great Bear and Ursa Major.
4. Describe the pole star or the Polaris (xidiggaQiblada)?
 The pole star is a bright star positioned over the North Pole. It is useful in
navigation aid to show the northern direction.
5. Describe the lion or Leo (Dibiga) Constellation?
 Leo is group of stars found in the north of the sky. Leo is a greek word for Lion.
6. What is a southern cross?
 This is the most navigation aid in the south
7. What is satellite?
 It is natural material or artificial machine which orbits a planet
8. List five functions of satellite?
 Radio, Tv, and telephone communication
 Navigations and location finding in cars, aircraft and ships
 Weather monitoring and forecasting
 Military surveillance and exploration
 Space observing and exploration
9. What are satellite operations?
 Power source from the sunlight
 Receiving capability
 Transmitting capability Good Lucky
lL

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Class Eight science Questions and answers

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