PRE-COMPREHENSIVE

STUDY GUIDE
2026
BASIS CHANDLER
Chemistry 7
Mr. Nair

Name (Print): ___________________________________ Element:

__________________

STUDY GUIDE DIRECTIONS:

1. Print your name and group on this page.

2. Review and answer practice questions in this study guide.
3. You will need a scientific calculator to complete the Chemistry Comp.
4. You can use a calculator to do this review packet.
5. Your Pre-Comp test will have 28questions for native and 25 for the
commons.
6. You will have 30 minutes for the native and 30 minutes for the
commons.
7. A periodic table will be attached to the back of each Comp.

© BASIS Educational Group Inc. All rights reserved

BASIS™ is a trademark or registered trademark of BASIS Schools, Inc. and BASIS Educational Group, Inc.
Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

How to Review for the Chemistry Pre-Comp

Step 1 – Organize & Collect Review Materials
 All previous Assessments and Study Guides
 Polyatomic Ion Flashcards
 This Study Guide
Step 2 – Vocabulary
 Memorize the definitions of the following terms:
Element Molecule Condensation
Compound Valence electron Shell
Homogeneous Ion Subshell
mixture
Cation Atomic Radius
Heterogeneous
Anion Ionic Radius
mixture
Isotope Ionization Energy
Solution
Vaporization Electronegativity
Suspension
Sublimation Lone pair
Atom
Melting Intrinsic
Step 3 – Key Concepts
 Proactively read through the Review Questions
o Highlight topics you struggle with
 Make sure you confidently know all the material on the Pre-Comp Cram
Overview
Step 4 – Practice
 Answer the Review Questions
 Redo your Homework, Classwork, Tests and Quizzes
o If you finish those and STILL want extra practice, then come to
student hours and/or google the concept you want to work with
followed by worksheets. Something will usually pop up that you
can work on.
 Write down QUESTIONS
o Bring question lists to class
o Come to Student Hours for any unanswered questions
Get lots of sleep and eat a good breakfast on the test days – You got this!
Pre-Comp Cram Overview
Significant Figures

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

Significant figures are determined by the precision of the instrument

When counting significant figures, follow these rules:
All non-zeros are significant
Captured zeros are ALWAYS significant
Leading zeros are NEVER significant
Trailing zeroes are ONLY significant if a decimal is included
Counting numbers and definitions have an infinite number of
significant figures
Multiplication/Division Rules for SF
Count the SF in each value using rules above
The solution should be rounded to the least number of SF in the
problem
Addition/Subtraction Rules for SF
The solution should be rounded to the least number of decimals
in the problem
Element - made of one type of atom (a pure substance)
Compound - made of two or more different atoms chemically bonded
together ( a pure substance)
Mixture - the components can be physically separated (variable
proportions)
Heterogeneous mixture - a mixture that is not uniform throughout (you
can easily divide the parts)
Homogeneous mixture - a mixture that is uniform throughout (a solution,
looks like one thing)
Physical Separations Techniques
Evaporation-separated boiling point
Magnetism-separated by magnetic properties
Filtration-separated by particle size
Decantation-separated by density
Distillation-separation by boiling point, used to recover everything.
Chromatography-separation by particle size, solubility or
affinity (cohesive/adhesive forces)

Particle Diagrams

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

Classify Compounds, Elements,

Mixtures

Identify States of Matter

States of Matter

Solid
Little energy
Vibrational Movement
Definite Shape and Volume
Compact Structure
Strong Attractions between
particles

Liquid
Some energy
Movement-particles slide past one
another
Definite Volume but NO definite
shape
Takes the shape of its container
Particles stick close together but free to move

Gas
High energy
Particles move fast and bounce off each other
NO definite shape or volume
Easily compressed or expanded to fit container
Particles are spread out and rarely stick to each other

Plasma
Similar properties of Gases
Atoms lose electrons and become ions
Conducts electricity

Changes of State (Phase Changes)

Solid to Liquid-Melting
Liquid to Gas-Vaporization
Solid to Gas-Sublimation

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

Gas to Liquid-Condensation
Liquid to Solid-Freezing
Gas to Solid-Deposition
Laws and Theories

Law of Mass Conservation-matter is not created or destroyed, only

transformed

Law of Definite Proportions- every molecule has only one chemical

formula
Every chemical compound contains fixed and constant
proportions (by mass) of its constituent elements

Law of Multiple Proportions-Elements may form more than one

type of compound
When two elements combine with each other to form more than
one compound.
Ex: Carbon and Oxygen form CO or CO2 or CO32-
Heating Curves
As energy is increased or
decreased, the substance goes
through a phase change.
Melting point is the same
temperature as the freezing point,
and the boiling point is the same as
the temperature at which a
substance condenses.

Heat vs Temperature
Temperature is physical quantity
(average kinetic energy) that
expresses hot and cold
SI unit Kelvin (commonly Celsius)

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

Heat is thermal energy that transfers between systems of different

temperatures
Derived SI Unit Joule (J)

Physical Properties-characteristics that is observed or measured without

changing the identity of a substance.
Intrinsic
properties that do not depend on the amount of matter present
Qualitative characteristics that do not change
Properties observed to identify a substance
Ex: color, odor, malleability, ductility, melting/boiling points,
density, conductivity, luster, hardness/brittle
Chemical Properties-substance’s ability to undergo changes to transform
into a new substance
Physical Changes-changes that do not change the identity of the
substance
Changes in extensive properties
Ex: cut, bend, break, chop, slice, spill, mow, fold
Phase Changes
Ex: melt, dry (evaporate), freeze, cool/heat, condense
Mixtures/Solutions
Ex: mix, stir, blend, combine, layer, paint, dye, dissolve
Chemical Changes-changes that produce a new product
Changes the intensive properties (color, texture, odor, luster, etc.)
burn, bake, cook, toast, roast, fry
Ex: rust, tarnish
Produces a new product that is not the same as the reactants
foam/bubbles (gas), solids, new intensive properties
Ex: baking soda and vinegar
Produces evidence of energy released or absorbed
sound, heat (change in temperature), light
Ex: camp fire, fireworks, ice packs, glow sticks

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

Atomic Structure
Atom-the basic unit of matter made up of protons, electrons and
neutrons
Protons
Positively charged particle in the atom
Found in the nucleus
number of protons identifies the Element name
Number of protons in an element never changes
Electrons
Negatively charged particle in the atom
Orbits the nucleus in a “cloud” of negative charge
Mass is so small; insignificant to the mass of the atom
Number changes to change the charge on the element
Equal to the number of protons IF atom is neutral
Neutrons
Particle of an atom that does not have a charge
Found in the nucleus
Added to the protons to count the mass of the atom
Number changes to change the mass of the atom
Element Classifications
(Be able to classify element from periodic table)
Metals-left of the Metalloids
Metalloids-B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, (Po, At)
Nonmetals-right of the metalloids
Element Families-locate on Periodic Table
Alkali Metals-Group 1
Alkaline Earth Metals-Group 2
Transition Metals-Groups 3-12
Metalloids- B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te
Halogens-Group 17
Noble Gases-Group 18

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

Periodic Table
Elements are ordered by atomic number
Rows are named periods
define the energy level of the valence electrons
Columns are named groups
share the same number of valence electrons (excluding
transition metals)

Table Tiles-give information about the element

Name-the name of the element
Symbol-the letter(s) representing the
element which begins with capital letter
Atomic number-the smaller number
listed in order on periodic table
Gives the number of protons
Atomic Mass-the larger number which can
include a decimal
Mass Number is rounded from the atomic mass to show the
most abundant or common isotope of the given element
Gives the mass of the element (protons + neutron = mass)
Nuclear (Isotope) Symbol
Mass Number-the mass of the isotope depicted by the
symbol EX: Li-7 (has 4 neutrons) Li-6 (has 3 neutrons)
May not match the rounded mass on the periodic
table
Depicts an isotope if different than rounded mass on the
periodic table
Atomic Number-equals the number of protons
Will ALWAYS match the atomic number on the periodic table
Symbol-the letter(s) representing the element; begins with capital letter
Charge-the + or – charge determined by the imbalance of protons and
electrons. Defines an ion as a charged atom
Ions- an atom that has gained or lost electrons

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

 Cation- a positively charged ion, an ion that has lost electrons

 Anion- a negatively charged ion, an ion that has gained electrons
Bonding:
 Ionic bonds - electrons are transferred/ oppositely charged particles
attract (metal + nonmetal)
 Covalent bonds - electrons are shared (nonmetal+nonmetal)
 Metallic bonds – electrons are shared (metal + metal)
Properties of Bonds
Ionic (includes Polyatomic Ions)
 High melting point due to amount of energy required to separate the
electrostatic forces of attraction between cations and anions.
 Strong conductor of electricity in liquid form or aqueous solution which
allows the electrons to move through charged ions.
 Brittle solids due to the lattice structure of anions and cations. A
physical force applied to the structure shifts the arrangement of the
ions creating a repulsion effect between like charges on ions. The
repulsion results in a break in the solid.
 High Solubility-ions are easily separated by the polarity of water
Covalent
 Low melting point due to the weak forces between the molecules
 Low conductivity due to the lack of free electrons or ions to move
electricity
 Brittle solids due to the weak forces between the molecules
 Low solubility
 High flammability

Calculating protons, neutrons, and electrons

 # of protons - same as atomic number, which is the smallest number
shown on the periodic table for an element.
 Neutrons - mass number minus the protons. Mass number is always
the highest number.
 Electrons - equals number of protons if neutral, add electrons if it has a
negative charge, subtract electrons if it has a positive charge
Nomenclature- First check if ionic or covalent.
 Ionic Naming (Metal + Nonmetal) - name the metal by its element
name, then name non-metal element and add –ide
o You must show a charge with roman numeral on metals with
variable charge. To determine the charge, determine the total
negative charge in the compound.

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

o Remember fixed charges: Alkali Metals +, Alkaline Earth Metals:

2+, Ag+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Al3+, Ga3+, In3+
o Do not change the name of polyatomic ions. Refer to the
polyatomic ion chart and memorize formulas, names and
charges.
 Covalent Naming (Nonmetal + Nonmetal) – uses the prefix system plus
add -ide to the second nonmetal (1=mono, 2=di, 3=tri, 4=tetra, 5=
penta, 6=hexa, 7=hepta, 8= octa, 9=nona, 10=deca)
7 diatomic gases – H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2
Valence Electrons = electrons in the outermost shell
Core electrons = electrons not on the outermost shell.
Periodic Trends
Reactivity
 The most reactive metal is Fr. The most reactive nonmetal is F.
Atomic Radius
 The radius from the nucleus to the outermost shell of the electron
cloud
 Determines the size of the atom
 Size increases from top to bottom due to added shells or energy levels
 Size decreases from left to right due to the increase of protons and
electrons increasing the attraction between the nucleus and the
electron shells
Ionization Energy
 The energy required to remove an electron from the atom
 Increases from left to right on the periodic table and decreases top to
bottom
 Increases inversely proportional to the atomic radius
Electronegativity
 An atom’s attraction to the electrons of another atom
 Increases from left to right on the periodic table and decreases top to
bottom
 Noble Gases have a full outer shell; therefore, noble gases have no
electronegativity
Lewis structure – dots (1 electron each) represent valence electrons, lines
(2 electrons each) represent covalent bonds.
1) Count number of valence electrons
2) Find the central atom and arrange all others around it

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

3) Connect atoms with a single bond and fill every octet

4) Count the valence electrons. Dots=1, Lines=2
5) For every two extra electrons you count, you will add one more bond.
Remember halogens and hydrogen can only bond once!
6) Add paired electrons = lone pair to complete the octets
7) Add brackets and charge if polyatomic

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

Practice Problems
Unit 1: Laboratory Safety, measurement and significant figures
Keywords: Lab safety, Significant figures, measurement
1. Give the name for each piece of
lab equipment. a. 0.0150 cm -

_______________

b. 2500 mL - _______________

c. 3.010 x 105 s -

_______________

d. 0.0400 mol/L -

_______________

3. Read the volume of the

graduated cylinder in mL

________________
4. Find the length of the pencil in
cm.

2. For each measurement below, ______________

state the number of significant
digits.

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

Unit 2: Matter- Types and Properties of matter

Keywords: Element, compound, homogeneous mixture, heterogeneous
mixture, physical property, chemical property, physical change, chemical
change, separation techniques, filtration, evaporation, chromatography.
5. Classify each of the following
properties of matter as
physical [P] or chemical [C].
9. Classify the following diagrams
a. Density
as element, compound or
b. Flammable mixture.
c. Boils at 200oC
d. Malleable
e. Good conductor of heat

6. Classify each of the following

changes as physical [P] or
chemical [C].
a. Dissolving salt in water
b. Stretching copper into wire
c. Burning gasoline
d. Hammering a metal into foil
e. A blue solid formed from mixing
of two aqueous solutions

7. What is a homogeneous
mixture? What are the
components in it?

8. Identify the two components

present in sodium sulfate
solution.

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

12. Indicate the separation

technique used to separate a
mixture of oil and water.

10. What is the correct order for

obtaining salt from a mixture of
sand and salt? (select a,b, or c)
a. Dissolving in water – filtration –
evaporation
b. Evaporation – filtration – 13. Name the technique that uses
dissolving in water the differences in boiling points of
c. Filtration – dissolving in water –
evaporation various substances to separate
volatile liquid mixture.
11. Which separation technique is
the best way to get salt from salty
water?
Unit 3: States of Matter

Keywords: solid, liquid, gas, temperature, heat, melting, freezing,

evaporation/vaporization, condensation, sublimation, deposition.

14. Complete the diagram below C10H8(s) C10H8(g)

by writing the correct term in
the blank provided numbered 1
-6
16. Complete the phase change
diagram below and use the
correct keyword to fill in the
blanks numbered 7 – 11.
15. Above the each arrow, write
the phase change that is taking
place.

Au(l) Au(s)

NaCl(s) NaCl(l)

C2H3O2(g) C2H3O2(l)
17. Define heat.

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

18. Define Temperature.

[Link] is an endothermic process?

What processes on a phase change
diagram are endothermic?

26. What is an exothermic process?

What processes on a phase change
diagram are exothermic?

27. Why there is no change in

temperature during a phase change?

28. Use the heating curve shown below to answer the

questions that follow.

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

what does line g represent?

a. Evaporation c. melting

b. Gas d. solid to gas transition

What is the melting point of the substance?
a.1480 C b. 700 C c. 430 C d. 218o C
What does line j represent on the heat diagram above?
a. Evaporation b. increasing heat in the liquid phase
only
a. Melting d. increasing heat in the gas phase
only
Which phase change requires the most energy to complete?
a. Evaporation c. melting
b. solid to liquid transition d. heating in the solid phase
What does line h in the following heat diagram represent?
a. increasing temperature in the solid phase only c.
melting
b. increasing temperature in the liquid phase only d.
evaporation
What phase is the substance described by the following heating curve when
its at 10C?
a. solid and liquid b. liquid c. gas d. solid
What is the boiling point of the substance?
a. 20oC c. 84oC
b. 220oC d. 76oC
What is represented by line f in the following heating curve?
a. increasing temperature in the gas phase only c.
condensation
b. melting d. increasing temperature in the solid phase
only
What is represented by line i in the following heating curve?
a. Evaporation c. freezing
b. increasing temperature in the liquid phase only d. melting
What occurs in the above phase diagram between points D and E?

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

a. freezing c. melting
b. evaporation d. increasing temperature in the gas
phase only
When the temperature is increasing kinetic energy is?
a. increasing b. decreasing c. constant d.
accelerating

19. Complete the following table to describe three states of matter. This
table has been partially completed to help you.
Solid Liquid Gas
Shape Takes the shape
of the container

Volume Fixed volume

Particle diagram

Movement of Can move freely

particles and quickly in all
directions in the
container

Unit 4: The Periodic table

Keywords: period, group, metal, non-metal, metalloid, alkali metal,

alkaline earth metal, noble gas, halogen, atom, proton, electron, neutron,
valence electron, core electron, ion, isotope, electron configuration,
atomic radii, ionization energy, ionic radii, effective nuclear charge.

20. Fill in the table below.

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

23. Arrange the following in the

increasing (smallest to largest)
order of size.
a. Al, Mg, P

b. Te, S, Se

c. Ba, Si, F

24. What is ionization energy?

21. Provide the information

below about the neutral atom
of isotope, sodium -21. 25. What is the general trend in
ionization energy as you go
Sodium-21 119
Sn down a group? Explain.
❑
Number
of
protons
Number
of
neutron 26. Arrange the following in the
s increasing (smallest to largest)
Number order of ionization energy.
of a. Li, Na, K
electron
s
b. Cs, Ge, Ar
Number
of
valence c. K, Mn, Ga
electron 27. Circle the atom or ion that
s has the largest radius.
Atomic a. Na or Na+1
number
Mass b. Al3+or Al
Number c. Cl–1 or Cl
d. O2— or O
22. What is the general trend in 28. Match each term to its
atomic radius as you go down a definition.
group? Explain.

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

30. Provide the element symbol

that matches each description
below.

29. For each element below,

indicate the number of valence
electrons. Indicate the most
likely charge it would have
after it becomes an ion.
Indicate if the ion is a cation or
an anion.

31. Write the electron

configuration for the following
and identify the number of
valence electrons in each.
a. Cl
______________________________

b. Na
______________________________

c. Li+
______________________________

d. S2-
______________________________

32. Write the noble gas notation

for the following elements.
a. S
______________________________

b. Ne
______________________________

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

c. Mg2+ d. Li+
____________________________ ______________________________

Unit 5: Chemical Bonding

Key words: Ionic bond, covalent bond, nomenclature, polyatomic ions,
Lewis dot structures, Lewis structures of compounds, shared electrons,
unshared/lone electrons.

33. Fill in the table below.

Classify the substances as ionic
or covalent compound.
Classify as Chemical Name Arsenic
ionic or formula trichloride
covalent

AlBr3
Lead(II)
chloride
Iron (III)
nitrate
Al2O3
Calcium
nitride
Sulfur
hexafluoride
AgNO3
PCl5
34. Write the name and formula
(NH4)3PO4 of the binary ionic compound
formed by

Magnesium a. Potassium and chlorine -

chlorate
____________
b. Manganese(IV) and oxygen -
N2O4 ________
c. Iron(III) and sulfur -
______________
Gallium
sulfide d. Sodium and nitrogen -
__________
Zn(OH)2 e. Copper(II) and iodine -
__________
Potassium
sulfite 35.
How many dots should be around
an elemental symbol in a Lewis

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

dot diagram if it has a full

octet?

36.
What type of electrons are shown
on the Lewis dot structures?

37.
Draw the Lewis Dot Diagrams for
neutral atoms of the following
elements:

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

Elemen Lewis Dot Structure

t
Symbol

Al

38.
Draw the Lewis structures for the
following compounds.
Chemical Lewis Structure (Don’t Si H2O
Formula forget to write the
number of valence
electrons)
H2
K H2Se

F2
Mg
NH3

O2
N
CH4

N2
O
CCl4

HCl
F
NCl3

HBr

Cl2

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

PCl5

39.
Draw the Lewis structure for SeCl2
and identify the number of
unshared/lone pairs of
electrons on the central atom.

40.
Draw the Lewis Structure for the
following:

C2H2

O3 (Ozone)

SF6

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Chemistry 7 Pre-Comp Review

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