Practical Manual of Graphology

Practical manual of
graphology:
The secrets of your writing

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 Practical manual of graphology

Graphologyby Françoise Bourdon

What is graphology?
Graphology is the study of personality and character of an
individual through the analysis of their writing.

Origin

The word appeared in 1870: it is a French abbot, Jean-Hypollyte

Michon, who coined the term "graphology," and it will be his student, Jules.
Crepieux-Jamin, who will develop the foundations of this science,
always very developed in France.

Principle

The fundamental principles of graphology established by Crépieux-

Jamins are still used, although this approach has been
enriched since, particularly by Jung (introduction of concepts
of introversion and extraversion), Pophal (study of movement and
the form), etc...

The Crépieux-Jamin technique examines 7 aspects of writing:

The dimension: It is the examination of the size of the writing and the
size differences between the different signs. The dimension gives
indications on the subject's relationship with himself, and his
adaptability.

Direction allows you to define sensitivity, balance. Example:

a straight handwriting shows a subject in control of himself and his
emotions; leaning to the right, the writing reveals someone who is going from
the front, open to others; leaning to the left, it denotes a withdrawal
about oneself.

Continuity, or how the letters are connected to each other.

This study helps to understand perseverance, or the
hesitations...

The shape, or manner in which the letters are 'drawn'.

information on the degree of originality, imagination, creation.

The layout, or the way the text is inscribed on the page,

importance of margins, spacing between lines...etc.

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The order provides guidelines on the organization of the subject.

as well as on its mode of operation with others.

The pressure, or force of the stroke. It provides information about the energy.
psychique, l'intensité des sentiments...

Speed reveals motor vitality, the quickness of thought.

Graphology is based on the following observation: in its

way of writing, each person conveys a part of their
experience, whether at the intellectual, emotional or
relational.

In our calligraphy, we distinguish a conscious part.

and an unconscious part that reflects traits
characteristics of our personality, and which will constitute
the object of study of the graphologist.

It is important to know that disguising your writing serves no purpose.

indeed, we may have the impression of having succeeded in
transforming its ordinary calligraphy. However, there are some
personal graphic trends, which we do not
let's not even notice, but they will betray us for sure
sure.

So, in case of graphological study, don't tire yourself out.

unnecessarily, especially since a well-done analysis can do a lot
you bring.

Interest

Graphology is a source of enrichment at the level

personnel since it allows us to know ourselves better.
At a professional level, it leads to a better
orientation, thanks to an analysis of our real capabilities, and
can, in the case of a recruitment process, we
provide good services.

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 Practical Manual of Graphology

This is why most job offers

specify that it is necessary to include a letter of
handwritten motivation in the application file.
But we also use graphology in the field
legal and in the field of education, in order to
better understand the abilities of the students, and therefore better them
to help.

How does it work?

The first essential thing to consider for analysis
a writing is its position in relation to space. Indeed, it
there are three key areas in graphic design that will be more or less
important depending on the size and "physical" appearance of our
writing

The shaft: upper part of the interline: concerns

letters like "t" or "l".

This part symbolizes the spirit: if it predominates, it signifies

your deep inclination for the world of ideas. You love
to think, and the essence of things interests you much more than the
shape.

The middle zone: it is included in the interline.

This part is about sentiment. It therefore reflects your

sensitivity. If it is developed, one can assume that you
You are someone very receptive to others and your judgments,
your way of seeing things is very linked to your sensations and
sentiments.

The leg: it is the part below the baseline:

concerns letters such as 'j' or 'y'.

C’est le terrain de la matière, du concret. Si cette partie est

You are very attached to the material aspect of things.
and to their concrete realization. You are more active than a dreamer.

But that's not all! In addition to these basic criteria,

other aspects of writing will be taken into account by the
graphologist in order to better understand you. Here are these other criteria:

The direction of writing:

to the left: strong relationship with the past

to the right: openness to the present and to others.

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The size of the letters and the entire text:

plate : nature simple

elevated: ambition, pride.

The way the letters are connected to each other:

juxtaposed: great reflection

stuck: need to convince.

The pressure:

strong trait: strong personality

very light: softness, discretion.

The speed of graphics:

lens: caution, precision

quick: bright intelligence.

The shape:

angular: combative
rounded: affectivity, sociability.

The case of the signature

As our signature proves to be the reflection of our

personality, it seems interesting to study the different types
of existing signature. You will thus have a brief overview of your
graphological trends.

The differences according to the form

The simple signature:

Your signature is absolutely legible to everyone, and your

an eight-year-old has already faked it a good ten times,
story of playing truant.
You have what is called a simple signature, without
fioritures, a signature that simply says your name.
This undoubtedly means that you accept yourself as you are.
you are fully aware of your abilities as well as
your weaknesses.
This gives you a special strength and allows you to
you can measure yourself without problem against the challenges of existence.

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The complicated signature

In general, few people dare to copy your

signature. And for good reason! The complicated signature can be
swollen, elevated, poorly readable, accompanied by paragraphs
complicated… the essential being obviously to appear
unique.
In general, it hides a desire to have a certain
brand image, to give an impression of prestige.
It is often to mask a lack of confidence in
whether we choose this type of signature or out of fear
to reveal one's true personality.

The differences according to the place

Too far to the right compared to the rest of the text:

It can be proof of dynamism and enthusiasm, but also

of impulsivity, of lack of foresight.

Too far left:

It can translate into an excessive attachment to the past, to

souvenirs. Often indicative of a lack of autonomy and
difficulties in committing.

The differences according to the direction

Upward signature:

It is a reflection of an active, tonic nature, full of ambition.

Common among salespeople, for example.

Descending signature:

In that case, it is a sign of weariness, fatigue, or

lack of self-confidence.

When signing a letter, be very careful:

the signature is the last thing your interlocutor will read
you, and his impression at that moment can prove
determining. One piece of advice: as much as possible, while
stay yourself, be sober.

The practice
Are you curious? Do you feel concerned? Passionate about the
graphology, I have limited myself here to presenting an overview, under a

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 Practical handbook of graphology

simple and non-repulsive form, while addressing all the

fundamental aspects. The essence is there. On graphology itself,
and on the profession that is dedicated to it. There is no judgment of
value, no trap, it is simply about revealing what each
to bring out the best in him to thrive.

Every graphological study first analyzes the balance of the three.

characteristic zones: the shaft, the median zone, the leg.

The shaft is the domain of thought: if it prevails, you

you like to think, the world of ideas interests you. You are more
sensitive to the essence of things rather than to their form.

The midzone, realm of feeling: it denotes your

sensitivity to the "feeling". The connection exists or doesn't with others,
your judgments are more or less subject to your impressions and to
your feelings.

The jambage, realm of the concrete: an accentuated development

indicate that you have 'your feet on the ground'. The material aspect of
things and concrete achievements, it's for you...

Of course, other aspects of writing come into play.

account, and particularly:

the layout, that is to say the arrangement of the text on the page:
margins, line spacing, paragraphs...

the dimension of letters and the direction of baseline lines:

horizontal, winding, ascending, descending...

the speed and the quickness of graphics

the shape: angular, rounded, garland-like, in arc...

the continuity, or how the letters are connected to each other:

linked, juxtaposed or script, grouped...

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the pressure - the pressure of the stroke on the paper - which can only be determined by
on an original manuscript not photocopied.

Examples
The middle zone is predominant.

It is the realm of the emotional: emotions, joy, suffering,

the feeling one has of oneself. Beware of judgment!

The upper area is drawn upwards

Spirit, exaltation, pride. Beware of the big head, of ideas

utopian, to the dreams...

The lower area is pulled down.

The earth, the securing riches, the carnal pleasures,

motor activity. Material success, instincts. Alive, yes!
But...

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The upper and lower zones are being pulled.

Ideas of greatness, projects full of the mind but difficulties

to accomplish them. You want a lot but you cannot
as much...

Atypical ham and atrophied leg, everything is at the center.

A heart 'as big as this'. But also an emotional request, a

need for others, a presence often overwhelming.

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Everything is in the upper zone

Savant? Researcher? Professor Calculus? Or ... enlightened?

The shape of the letters

Beyond the three characteristic zones of writing, the

form...

If the distribution of the 3 zones (shaft, mid zone, leg) is

the main characteristic of a writing, the form is also a
a factor of primary importance

• a rounded handwriting is a sign of sociability, affection,

but also of complacency and the ability to attract
the attention.
• a angular writing reflects combativeness, courage,
but also the abruptness and stubbornness.

Above, the rounded writing, all in curves of François Mauriac

• An angular writing, the angles replace the curves.

Here: Alfred de Vigny.

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 Practical manual of graphology

• Children learn to write by forming the letters of the

in the same way. It is with age that she becomes individualized, in
following the developments of personality

The movement
The form of writing is inseparable from its movement.

The movement translates the momentum, the dynamism, or on the contrary it is

a brake, held or static... There is sometimes a balance
harmonious between form and movement, or one dominates
the other, or finally one predominates while leading the other.

Here, the movement takes precedence over the form.

One feels a momentum, the writing is stiff and angular. This alone criterion
is not enough: is it a passionate person who wants
Convince at all costs? A sign of courage or a rush forward?
All aspects of writing must be considered for better
to hone the personality.

There, the form is favored over

in motion. The letters are detached from each other.
It is a 'juxtaposed' writing. A sign of reflection? of intuition?
of anxiety?

Preconceived notions

Graphology is inaccurate YES, like any science

human.

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The writing of a FORGERY can be detected, one can notice a

thief, of an assassin" interest in the "things of
money" but it is impossible
to see if someone will steal...
Aggression can appear,
but not the act of taking action
violent

One can transform their NO, because there are gestures.

"conscious and unconscious."
Change the T bars to
the O loops are not enough
pass...

The offices of YES, it's one of the approaches

recruitment and services combined with interviews
Personnel do not use it and for other tests, allows to
graphology to discern personality.
supplement to others
methods

Graphology can reveal FALSE, we all have

gender, age..." masculine elements and
féminins dans notre
personality, therefore in our
writing. Furthermore, this one
maybe more or less
immature.

Writing can be TRUE, depending on the emotionality, of

apparently vary with external events, the
a same individual" taking medication (that he
it is recommended to report.

The report can YES. If the conclusions are

vary from one graphologist to another, the accuracy of the
another formulation, the search for
vocabulary, even the ability to
communication can
defer.

The signature is TRUE. One cannot judge by

important"to start from the sole signature,
but this one represents a
part of the personality.

It all depends on the NO, graphology is a

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graphologist who will study technique, and as such,

my writing..." used by professionals,
she will give the same ones
results, the same
interpretation.

"Our parents wrote all FALSE, beyond trends or

in the same way" writing styles related to
a time, each of our
ancestors had his
specific features that in
made a unique being.

Conclusion
You now know all the tricks of graphologists, it is
now it's your turn to practice. Start by analyzing
your own writing and to compare your results with reality of
your character. Then, do not hesitate to engage in the analysis
graphological of your loved ones... and prepare all of you to accept the
critique!

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Graphologyby Anne Marie Cobbaert

Origins

If Greek philosophers such as Aristotle (around 320 BC) or

famous doctors like Hippocrates (around 370 BC)
tried to uncover the mysteries of certain writings and attempted to
defining the personality of those who had left them, it is not
It is only at the beginning of the 19th century that graphology will begin to
to have a recognized existence with defined rules.

Les premiers écrits connus, dans ce domaine, sont un peu

older and dating back to 1622, with a book published by a
Italian philosopher, doctor and professor, Camilo Baldo, titled "
Treatise on the means of determining the nature and qualities of a
person according to his letters missive." In 1812, we will find
also writings of Edouard Hocquart, who will be considered as
one of the pioneers of graphology.

But, in either case, the authors restrict themselves to

make a certain number of observations and comparisons without
to define a method or rules that could support a
new technique for studying the personality of the individual.

Other foreign researchers will follow the Italian trails and

Johann Kaspar Lavater, inventor of physiognomy, will be the
first to note the differences between the writings of two
authors of different nationalities, and to note that at each
nationality belongs to a different physiognomy

It was not until 1868 that a French priest, Abbé Jean

Hyppolyte MICHON gives his true dimension to this
science.

He composed the word graphology from the Greek words 'graphein'.

write - and 'logos' - the science -.

He wrote three works based on this news.

technique, the famous 'Mystery of Writing' in 1870, then 'The
Graphology or the Art of Recognizing Individuals by their Writing
in 1872, and finally his 'System of Graphology followed by a

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practical method of graphology " in 1875, and will set up

an analysis grid. He also created a magazine in 1871: "The
graphology - Journal of autographs, precursor of the current
review published by the French Society of Graphology.

Towards the end of the 19th century, the words 'graphologist' and
'graphological' and from the beginning of the 20th century, with the treaty of
graphology by J. Crépieux-Jamin, considered the father of
classical graphology, the symbolic approaches to writing
will be defined. It will also develop a method with a
ranking of different writings. At that time appeared
the terms 'graphomania' or way of writing, 'graphometry':
measurement of writing or 'graphiotherapy': rehabilitation of
writing.

Graphology, still very little known and rather mysterious, was

devalued by public opinion and was not recognized as a
serious science than during the construction of the French School of
Graphology by Crépieux-Jamin at the beginning of the 20th century. He
then demonstrates the scientific aspect of graphology and puts a
brake on assimilations to astrology, reading in the coffee grounds,
occultism and other practices considered by him as
fantastical and little rational.

Using the conclusions of Abbé Michon, Crépieux-Jamin

will begin his own research and will review before his death, in
1940, 175 types of writing. He is then convinced that there are
many others and that this new science can be
developed very deeply provided that the specialists
serving other sciences in their research (approach
psychological,…)

Thus, psychologists, psychiatrists, and other specialists have

quickly seen working in collaboration with graphologists.
And for over a hundred years now, specialists
from graphology, through working on thousands of writings
different, grouped and classified the writings, according to by
example of the rhythms and forms they contain.

During the 20th century, the German philosopher Ludwig Klages

(1872-1956), depending on the degree of originality, of spontaneity
and perfection, will define 'the rhythm of writing'. Indeed, it is
obviously, letters sometimes take on more or
less rounded, more or less conventional, as well as some
different rhythms, with letters more or less spaced, a
more or less spaced writing.

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These signs testify for psychologists and others.

specialists in specific character traits of the individual author
of these graphs.

In the 1930s, Max Pulver will establish a connection between

the orientation of writing and the instincts and aspirations of
the spirit.

We must also mention Dr. Pierre Ménard, whose work

on writing and the subconscious will still allow for better
define the contours and possibilities of this science.

Writing
The person, since the world began, leaves everywhere a
traces of his passage. His words and gestures are signs of
his personality.

When we see a nervous smile on a person, it

it is easy for us to conclude at her place the absence of serenity.
The aggressive expresses himself through behaviors that are easy for us.
to identify.

Here is a little introduction to tell you that we can

get to know ourselves better by reflecting on our behaviors.
Starting from there, it is interesting to ask ourselves what is
writing. It presents itself primarily as a behavior
graphic, a symbol that we draw on a sheet.

Writing is primarily a sign marked by the writer. My

writing is my own mark that I make on a page and it is not
not that of the neighbor. Given the specificity of my writing, it is
it's easy to wonder why my writing that is so dear to me
specific, could not reveal a small part of my
character?

In life, we express ourselves in two essential ways.

speech and writing. Now writing is a path to the
communication. This way is a gesture, and this gesture is a
behavior.

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If a person shows sadness in their behavior

Daily, wouldn’t it be normal for this to be printed?
in its spelling? It is the work of the graphologist to observe this.

Is writing a simple action? With what

What tool do we write with? We write with our hand, that's good.
obvious, but this simple gesture depends on an extraordinary complexity
of learning. Think about what it was like at the beginning of your
schooling; how difficult it was to trace even a single word.
Yes, we had to tame nerves and muscles to
that they be obedient to the orders of our brain.

Your writing is the witness of your life. Whether we want it or not

No, even in the age of computers, it has a great future.
in front of her. Here she is taking over all areas, even those
that are said to be the most impregnable. It is not uncommon for it to be a
help in psychology, which can inform us in the
prevention of social malaise, in hiring, in choosing
of a career, and what else.

How and where should I start if I want to discuss the

value and rigor of this art throughout my journey?

Well, I won't get angry. I'll start from the beginning. Here it is.
who will be wiser. I will return in several other texts,
to restate what I would say, but from different points of view.
I love benevolent redundancies.

In this first text, I will stick to the generalities.

Graphology is a delicate and fragile science through which one

try to discover the personality traits of the one
or the one who writes. Thanks to the perspective we will have on her
writing, we can detect the individuality of a
nobody.

It must be remembered that it is the brain that directs the hand of the one
Who writes. It is in the brain that all images are formed.
mental of the one who writes.

A scientific and careful analysis of spelling can provide us

mettre sous les yeux les aspects connus et cachés d’une personne.
It can even allow us to be a positive stimulant in the
psychology of every human being.

Writing comes from a learned emotional structure that

has followed us throughout our lives. To understand a

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individual, it is more than useful for us to embark on the study of his

structure sensitive and emotional.

Some writings are pleasant to us, and others are not. Why?
Well, we have the same behaviors as the writings.
those that we have with people. Why are there
people who we are fond of, and others who we are not?
Answering this question means orienting oneself towards the field of
emotions.

Let’s remember that graphology is the art of making writing speak.

However, one must not confuse graphology and occultism.

We must know that it is a science of observation and
of hypotheses based on precise data and that it is related
to behavioral psychology.

What should be looked for in a writing?

HARMONY

¾ All graphology schools have noted two

writing levels. Before any analysis, it is necessary to
try to define this primordial element. Crepe.
Jamin speaks of harmony and disharmony, Klages speaks of
form-level more or less high and St Morand
consider the vital writings and the sub-vital ones....

¾ The interpretation of a graphological study depends

of superiority or inferiority. For example, a
interpretation of signs indicating open-mindedness
and, at the same time, secrecy can be interpreted
like diplomacy, caution.... or else lying, and
duplicity according to the observed level...

THE CONDUCT OF THE ANALYSIS

Graphological analysis is conducted in several phases.

successive, which lead to an easy, logical interpretation,
pertinent to writing
These phases are:

The examination of genres, or even of species, according to

Crépieux-Jamin. A writing generally consists of 4
or 5 dominant species, followed by others that are less
visible or less frequent.

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The examination of distinguishing signs, such as the signature,

punctuation, the witness letters, the typical gestures, the
spatial distribution of writing.
The synthesis, the combination of interpretations, the
resulting, according to the authors, that is to say the portrait
psychological aspects of the writer throughout the whole
observations made previously

THE ESSENTIAL PRIOR INFORMATION

To validly examine a writing, one must possess at

At least three pieces of information about the writer.
(These elements do not follow from the writing.). It is about
:
• The age
• Sex
• The hand that writes (left-handed or right-handed?)

It is fundamental because the interpretations of writing will

depend on these 3 elements.

The 8 Genres

Most early graphologists ended up classifying the

writings by genres, itself subdivided into species
thus opening the way for a systematic study of writing

Some thoughts....
It is necessary to list 8 genres cataloging the
main characteristics of a writing.

These 8 genres are all important in the development

of the writer's portrait. Each provides the graphologist
information about a specific aspect of it
personality. Everyone is essential. They complement each other.
each other. They form a whole.

We should therefore examine these 8 genres. The best is to

first note the characteristics of writing in
each, then only, to move on to the interpretation
what we can do with it. Because, in practice, we realize

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that a characteristic in a genre will be very

certainly modulated, upward or downward, by the
presence of another facet of writing that one
look a little further in the exam.

A writing forms a whole, like a personality.

We must always examine all aspects of
the document we have at hand. The analysis will thus be
relevant, accurate, comprehensive and nourished with all the
nuances that constitute the richness of being human.

The prescription
Informs us about organization, the sense of order, clarity
of mind, adaptation to social life. The species of this kind are
for example: organized writing, unorganized
disorganized, simplified, combined, clear, confusing, etc....

The order of the page

Is also examined with great attention,

the existence of margins,
their dimensions, the line break endings,
the arrangement of the paragraphs...

The margins and the signature provide an initial set of

information for psychological interpretation.

- wide upper margin: moderation, rigor,

discretion

- narrow upper margin: generosity, liveliness,

open-mindedness

- wide left margin: spontaneity, generosity,

initiative

- narrow left margin: caution, shyness

- non-existent left margin: concern, doubt, greed

- left margin widening: impatience, impulsivity

enthusiasm

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- left margin narrowing: fear, suspicion,

caution
- irregular left margin: instability, whimsy,
eccentricity

- large right margin: reserve, shyness, distrust

- narrow right margin: initiative, generosity

- no right margin: vitality, expansiveness.

The left margin

Regular Shrink
Prudence, sometimes
balance, mastery frugality
of oneself

Increase Irregular
Lack of order, fanciful
Extraversion,
generosity
Nonexistent Too large
Distrust, fear, Extraversion Carefreeness
sometimes greed sometimes waste

The other margins

Writing Above great

Invasive Consideration, respect
Person without shame,
invasive

The above absent All margins

familiarity, lack normal
courtesy Culture, taste, care

Too wide right Nonexistent Right

Shyness, fear of Poor organization
contact work, time

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Some thoughts....
The ordinance of writing is extremely interesting to
study because it situates the character in
many fields, first in its more or less
great submission to the general rules of writing, then
in its sense of organization, of adaptation. It is a
spatial notion.

The scripter also provides the measure of respect

that he can have for others

The order of writing is a notion

No one is born clean and tidy.

The structure of a written work also includes the study

spacing between words and lines. Too much
a little space for few words perhaps indicates waste,
but also the need for freedom, the breadth of idea according to the
writing level (cf Initiation). A tight writing
probably indicates the trend in the economy, the
prudence, a narrow view of things, but also
concentration of thought if the writing is harmonious

Some examples of species belonging to the genus

ORDER

Organized Writing

Order, Method, respect for rules and conventions

Simplified and Combined Writing

Higher level of organization

Disorganized Writing

Impulsivity, carelessness etc..

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Clear, Airy Writing

Balance, uprightness, order

Unorganized Writing

Childhood, lack of maturity, ignorance

Spaced Writing

Tendency towards isolation, fear of life

If excessive, loss of contact with the outside world

Confused, Crossed-out Writing

Manque d'organisation, domination de l'instinct de l'inconscient

And the inequalities of the Ordinance?....

Because they exist in each of us. It is normal,

when taking hasty notes for oneself, to scrawl if
we have little time and space.....

Apart from that, it is considered that when a writer modifies

gladly the arrangement of his writings, it is the indication of
sensitivity, unequal activity....

The Dimension

Informs us about the subject's relationship with itself:

self-affirmation, self-esteem, need for expansion,
affirmation of one's personality ... The species of this kind Are by

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exemple : l'écriture grande, l'écriture petite, l'écriture

gladiolus, the enlarging writing, the spread writing, or on the contrary
narrowed etc....

The dimension of uppercase letters, stems and

jambs
is a source of essential additional information

Some examples of species belonging to the genus

DIMENSION
Small writing

Very large
Externalization,
uppercase lettersdynamics
chitchat

Work of thought
minutiae, love of study Large writing

Swelling of the self Restraint, economy, even stinginess.

Inferiority complex Also concentration of force

Loyalty can be seen as naivety and even sometimes as frankness.

excessive in society Tight writing
Spread writing
Gladiolus writing

Self-confidence, sometimes nonchalance, According to context, psychological refinement, sociability

also joy of living
or on the contrary falseness, weakness

Bold writing

Loyalty can sometimes be seen as naivety and even excessive frankness in society.

A few thoughts....
The dimension is examined in width and height.
What does it indicate in broad terms?
Essentially the feeling of one's own importance,

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place that we want to give ourselves among others (to give oneself)
or to do so, depending on the cases).

Logically, writing big first requires strength,

of vitality, a certain vital exuberance. Those who
and exhausted, who measures his strength and his gestures will reduce
considerably its writing.

In a more nuanced way, writing big means

testify not only to the importance that one
is assigned, but it indicates that we believe we have
a social role to play.

Do not confuse with pride. Very great

proud people write small......

And the inequalities of dimensions?....

It is emotion, sensitivity. The inequalities are
proportional to this sensitivity that can go up to
neurotic... inequalities in other genders
strengthening this interpretation....

The Pressure
It informs us about the intensity of instincts, their consistency and
their orientation.
It is traditionally an element of judgment of will.
It is the manifestation of latent energy. The species of this kind
Examples include: light writing, soft writing, writing
closed, the mass writing etc...

The choice of writing instrument is a source of

information on pressure and stroke thickness that the
the writer wants to obtain

Some examples of species belonging to the genus 'PRESSURE'...

Firm writing

energy, health, will

The line is well emphasized, the pressure.
is regular.

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Masse writing

inhibition, angry character

Some traits are significantly thickened on
Their endings. Particularly the endings of words
Bold writing
and often also the bars of T
sensuality, importance of instincts

The writing is very emphatic, almost

like crushed on the paper. The stroke
is large.

Pressure writing
.
moved

sentimentality
social life
intense. It is
a writing
who presents
the edges Strong libido, or inadequate resistance
money and to difficulties. It is a writing that
fringed. Pasty writing presents pressures that are not exerted
not in the logical sense. It’s a
lateral pressure

Raised writing

superiority, clarity of judgment, work capacity

This writing features thick and thin strokes.

Some thoughts....

Pressure is not easy to assess. It depends on

the writing tool used. With a ballpoint pen, for example,
it is appropriate to examine the imprint left on the back of
the leaf...

The choice of writing tool informs us about the

desire of the writer who wishes, consciously or
no, get a thick or thin line. The line is different.

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depending on whether it is a ballpoint pen, a fountain pen, a

felt, from a greasy or non-greasy pencil, etc.....

The trace is the drawing of the writing, the shape it

take. He is subject to the conscious orders of the
brain.

The line is the result of the pressure applied on

the tool and the resulting ink flow. The line is a
involuntary expression.

And the pressure inequalities?....

It is a mix of high-pressure traits and
low pressure: unexpected behavior, conflicts
interiors between strongly opposing trends,
sometimes signs of cardiac or respiratory anomalies.
Confounding behavior.

The Shape
Informs us about the behavior of the scripter. Is it a
natural person, artist, simple, original, sophisticated...? The
forms of letters let us know. The species of this kind are
for example: calligraphic writing, writing
angular, rounded writing, garland writing
simplified, complicated writing etc...

Calligraphic writing Angular writing

conformism, routine Will, vigor sometimes

wickedness
lack of imagination Writing that prioritizes the
angles.
Writing that follows the school model Normally shapes
rounded are
lacking originality. Become angles.

Rounded writing

kindness, sweetness,
inconsistency if excess. Writing that favors roundness. Normally rounded shapes have become
curves.

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Writing in garland Arcade writing

easy adaptation, sincerity closed character, sometimes even protection

lie
Writing where the bottom of the letters is entirely rounded. Writing where the tops of the letters are rounded. A
certain number
In this writing, the succession of m and n makes features resemble arches.
Think of a garland.

Closed writing Typographic writing

reserved, does not trust often artistic taste

not easily writing that willingly uses a certain number
of script characters.

A few thoughts....

The shape of the letters is what attracts the most.

Curiosity. It's what stands out the most easily.

The originality of the form depends on the way in which one

freed itself from school models.

The form not only gives the measure of

originality, but also the spirit of independence.

It provides invaluable indications on the mentality,

tastes, conceptions, degree of imagination,
conformism more or less narrow.

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Ringed writing Ovalized writing

sweet selfishness artifice sometimes snobbery

often reserved, concealment if
excess

Simplified writing Complicated writing

culture, intellectual superiority nitpicking spirit, not very frank in general, often vanity

Protean writing
(ex: the 's' has 3 different forms)

letting go, or instability, sometimes hypocrisy

A few other thoughts....

The angle: In writing, it is the symbol of the

resistance. It is the spirit of struggle, even aggression. One
do not imagine a writer of angles lacking will,
of firmness, or lazy, indolent, letting oneself live. But
this quality of courage and fighting spirit is accompanied by
unfortunately due to the lack of flexibility: indeed, these
beings have a strong personality in the great
majority of cases. They impose themselves, often prefer
they are born independents.
one should not uniformly give to angular writing
the meaning of 'difficult character', it would be a
judgment too uniform, too simplistic. The angles
can indicate the constant struggle against oneself, the
self-control.

The curve: There are two ways to place the curve

in a writing, outside the rounded parts of certain

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letters or capital letters: at the base of the letters or in the

top. The rounding at the base of the letters (the garland)
indicate the easy adaptation, the kindness,
receptivity. In the negative sense, which also exists, this
perhaps the lack of modesty, an adaptation that
confined to laxity, to an extreme complete amorality.
The roundings at the tops of the letters (the arches)
give in general the inverse meaning of the
garland: distrust, lack of spontaneity, and in
the positive sense, need for isolation, discretion. Sometimes,
with the originality of the line, it is the mark of the artist
creator.

The twist: The line is twisted where it should be straight.

(ex: hampers of T, of L, legs of J etc...). It is the
sign of a certain incoordination. Very likely as well
a fatigue index. For some writers, it is the
manifestation of apprehension, of emotionality.

The Speed
Informs us about the degree of activity, the speed of thought and
of action, of reactions as well, the pace of life, the need to act ...
or the opposite. The species of this kind are, for example: writing
fast, slow writing, poised writing, hurried writing,
the retained writing

How to assess the speed of writing?

One might wonder how it is possible to appreciate the

degree of speed of a writing that we have not seen traced?
A little observation and practice teach it.
easily

It is easy to notice that certain graphics are

truly launched, thrown onto the paper. Others slowed down
through touch-ups, unnecessary underlining.

The removal of punctuation and accents is not

necessarily an indicator of speed, it can be a sign, more
simply, negligence, lack of interest in details.

Among the most notable indicators of the speed of a trace, we

can raise:

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a writing launched, without constraint

Shortening the outlines (like in shorthand, more

we want to go fast, the more we need small signs, which is
logic

Stretched accents or very to the right of the letter

The general direction of writing is towards the right

The general direction of writing is from left to right.

The increase in connections (any lifting of the pen

slow down the trace
Writing in garland, or even in the shape of a thread

The many small irregularities (a writing

calligraphed, or too regular, is never fast

The left margins are increasing

The simplifications of the drawing

Fast writing

culture, ease, intelligence

The trait is removed, quick, simplified

Slow writing

Weighting, calm, or if unharmonious writing lacks culture, or indifference, and also fatigue depending on the context.

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The letters are slow, too well formed. The punctuation is terribly precise in its place.
.

Rushed writing

Feverish activity, lack of self-control

The line is drawn on the paper, at the total expense of regularity see context

Written stroke

Self-control, reflection before action considering context

The writing is fluid, without excessive speed.

But without any slowness

Retained writing

a form of inhibition, self-control here, finally, you) or also fatigue, pessimism, fear of opening up
The writer would like to go faster but he holds himself back (see the words:

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Some basic criteria for assessing speed.

neat writing

80 to 120 letters per minute: slow writing

121 to 140 letters/minute: relaxed writing
141 to 160 letters/minute: writing
accelerated
161 to 190 letters/minute: fast writing
191 letters/minute or more: writing
hurried

In summary...

It is actually the flexible, easy movement that allows the most

great speed.
But it is not the tension of someone who wants it at all costs.
go fast, too fast.

The Continuity
Informs us about the regularity of the impulses, about the activity
intellectual and the mechanism of thought, as well as the meaning of
The adaptation. The species of this genus include, for example: writing
linked, hyperlinked writing, juxtaposed writing, grouped writing
combined writing, filament writing, stick writing

What is Continuity?

It is the way to link the letters together, or to not

do not link them. We can really follow the movement of
thought in its continuity, its pauses, its blockages
also, in fact "his breathing"...

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Linked writing

Continuity in thought, in action, speed

Each word is formed with a stroke without lifting the pen..

Combined writing

Culture, intelligence
Letters linked together, sometimes in an original way. The writer thus improves speed.

Juxtaposed writing

If harmonious writing, intuition, creation,

if disharmony, inhibition, slowed activity
The letters are drawn without being connected to those around them.
They are juxtaposed to each other

Hyperlinked writing
Lack of brake in the chain of ideas (Napoleon had this writing...)

Not only are the words drawn with a stroke, but the writer goes so far as to
Write several words in a row without lifting the pen.

Grouped writing

spirit that knows how to adapt, flexibility, skill

The writer writes his words in small groups, lifting the pen in a way
Spontaneous and regular

Dissonant writing

Incoordination, imbalance, sometimes even neurosis

The tracing of letter groups and lifting the pen is done in a manner
Irregular and dissonant.

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Edited writing

if harmonious writing scruple, concern for clarity, and if disharmony indecision, anxiety
The writer goes back to retouch, touch up certain traits.

Thread-like writing

if disharmony, weakness, laziness, economy of movement, desire to conceal one's intentions.

If harmony, hyperactivity, intuitive view of reality

Some thoughts....
The interpretations of the characteristics of writing
are very different depending on whether it is a writing
harmonious (or superior according to Crépieux-Jamin) or
of a disharmonious (or inferior) writing.
This is particularly true regarding continuity.
of writing. It is common sense that will most surely guide us.
the good interpretation

The Management
This is about the direction of writing lines. It informs us about
the inner momentum, the enthusiasm, the depression, the rigidity, the
flexibility, morale, fatigue. The species of this kind are by
example, horizontal writing, ascending writing, writing
descending, the sinuous writing, the concave writing, the writing
convex.

Some examples of species belonging to the genus

Direction

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Horizontal writing

if harmony is calm, balance, self-control, if disharmony is indifference, rigidity

It is a straight writing as if it had been drawn on lined paper.

Ascending writing

activity, self-confidence, enthusiasm, optimism

The lines of this writing end higher than they begin.

Climbing writing

excess of optimism, exaltation, sometimes fervor

It is the rising writing, but in an exaggerated way, the lines seem to climb up the paper.

Concave writing

struggle against discouragement, reasoned optimism, zeal for effort

The lines descend and then ascend, creating a sort of basin.

Convex writing

after optimism, pessimism takes over again, discouragement during effort, fatigue in
the action
The lines rise and then fall, drawing a sort of arch.

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Descending overlapping writing

renewed efforts constantly but pessimism is there... constant courage diminished by fatigue
obstinacy that leads nowhere
Each word descends and the writer attacks the next word a little higher than he finished it.
previous.

Rising overlapping writing

restrained ardor, or natural optimism tempered by reason

Each word rises and the writer attacks the next word a little lower than he finished the
previous.

Winding writing

according to the context, great sensitivity, inner fragility, but also a spirit of finesse, skill and
know-how

Descending writing

sadness, discouragement, underlying pessimism, sometimes even depression

The end of the writing line is lower than its beginning.

A few thoughts....

The direction of the lines in writing cannot

may validly be a source of information only
as far as the writer has used a paper
not lined! It is therefore necessary, as far as possible

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to possess such a document to proceed with the analysis of

this facet of writing.

However, a writer who willingly uses a paper

line provides just the information! Because
usually those who need this kind of
paper are those who like to have a guide, those who
have little or no spirit of independence, those who have
need to rely on something. The writing line
is then generally perfectly positioned on the line of
paper...

It is also remarkable, conversely, to note that

some writers, having used lined paper
because they had nothing else on hand,
show rebellious lines of writing, straying
willingly from the printed line. The interpretation is
so the opposite of the one mentioned above. It is
independence, personality, sometimes creativity that
clearly shows.

Are you having trouble determining the direction of the lines?

So just do this: Lift the document to the

height of the eyes, your arms almost extended, and
look at the sheet by the edge while arranging the
lines so that they point towards you! If you play
slightly on the beveled angle with which you look at the
page, you will clearly see, and in a manner
very reliable, the direction of the lines and all the little details
alignment that would have completely escaped you
otherwise. It's simple and.... very effective!

The Inclination
It shows us the degree of sensitivity of a person, their
aptitudes to social life, his impulse or restraint in
his relationships with others. Example: normal writing,
vertical writing, slanted writing, inverted writing
the unevenly slanted writing...

Some examples of Inclinations in writing...

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Normal writing

spontaneity, welcoming life and beings, being sympathetic

The writing is slightly slanted, in a natural way.
Probably in accordance with the inclinations learned at school.

Italic writing

passion, importance of the instinctive sphere, importance of desires, sometimes susceptibility

but always a momentum towards others
(positively or negatively)
The inclination is more important than the normal. It is about 30°; the normal is around 54°.
in the school environment.

Vertical writing

restraint, dominant reason, sometimes even hardness, rigidity

The vertical lines are straight neither inclined to the left nor to the right.

Upside down writing

if right-handed; an indication of repression, constraint, or revolt. Also fear.

Sometimes influenced by the past, also an inferiority complex
The writing is slanted to the left. One must know the hand that writes because the
gauchers write naturally.

Unevenly slanted writing

struggle between self-control and reaching out to others, thus ambivalence, inner contradiction

A careful examination reveals that some letters are slanted to the right while others are slanted to the left.
and some are even vertical.

struggle between self-control and impulse towards others, hence ambivalence, intimate contradiction

Some thoughts....

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The inclination of writing is, at first,

function of the education received. In France, one
considered the inclination to the right making an angle of 54°
with the horizontal as the rule. But we teach
now more willingly vertical writing, or even
free, allowing the child to adopt the inclination that
he comes naturally.

The inclination of the writing often varies

important throughout life. For this characteristic
writing is directly reflective of the events
that we endure and their consequences, as well as
the influence on us of the environment in which we evolve.
And if we summarized?

The tilt reveals the intimate behavior of

writer in relation to the environment in which he lives. This
environment, it is both the people, the colleagues, the friends,
others in general, but also the institutions
in which we play a role, such as family,
associations, clubs, etc.....

The Signature

Depending on the cases, the signature is the revealer of personality.

profound, what is most essential about it, or on the contrary, in
In other cases, it's the 'social label', the perception one has of oneself and
that we want to give to others. This interpretation is the most
current

The choice of one interpretation or another... It is a

Logic question! But how to do it?

How to choose the right interpretation?

¾ The signature follows the same rules of interpretation.

that of the 8 genders.
It is the context, the clues, the relationship between all the
parts of the document that point towards the right choice

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¾ It is therefore simply necessary to examine the signature afterwards.

the 8 genres. It is then easy to determine what the
signature reveals. In the majority of cases, it is the signature
as a 'social label' which is the correct interpretation,
especially if the nature of the document guides in this
direction. (see below

¾ There are even a majority of cases where the question does not...
it does not occur. It is resolved automatically because
many have two signatures, one for friends, one
for professional or public life..... By questioning
on the recipient of the document, we deduce the nature of the
signature !!

What should be looked at in the signature?

Three things:
9The signature itself composed of the text and the
paragraph
9its location in relation to the text of the document
9and its differences with the text of the document

The signature is often a reflection of the image that one wants to project.

subject. Unlike the text that is generally written from

In a spontaneous way, the signature is often crafted.
Depending on its position, inclination, and size, the
graphology can deduce certain personality traits.
signature near the text: lack of autonomy,
indecision
signature away from the text: independence, disdain
ascending signature: ardor, ambition, personality
-descendant signature: weariness, erasure,
depression
-smaller than the text: inhibition, inferiority, shyness
greater than the text: ambition, superiority
underlined signature: decision, will

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Between two traits: authority, assertive decision

followed by a point: caution, distrust.

Some examples of signatures...

Signature without annotation

Modesty, simplicity or... pride! See context and differences compared to the text.
The name (or sometimes the name and surname) is written simply..

Rising signature

ambition, presumption if excess

The overall direction of the signature is ascending. All degrees are possible.
From the slight slope to the very steep angle of the sheet of paper.

The first name is important

(sometimes even more important than the name)

The bigger the first name, the greater the estimation of the 'self' is as well...
The presence of the first name in the signature is not uncommon. In a married woman, one will see it.
the concern for affirming one's own identity
Sometimes, in the absence of a first name, it is their initial that plays this role.

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Some examples of paragraphs...

Paragraph highlighting horizontal line

Pride in oneself, in one's social status, sometimes

according to the context pride, vanity
The different variants of the paragraph highlighting (shape, length, thickness, direction of
trace, orientation
are infinite. Each adds additional information.

Paragraph highlighting who comes from the first letter

Self-affirmation, self-love, as well as the will to base one's actions on solid ground
Generally drawn before the signature but not always..

Rounded underline starting from the end

kindness, gentleness, seeking praise

Very generally, a stroke adding the final touch to the signature.
The variations in shape, thickness, orientation, etc. enrich the analysis.

Angular underscoring paragraph starting from the end

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according to the context, reserve, difficulties in accepting others' ideas, opposer

The presence of angles in the paragraph always brings a meaning of the same.
Family to know; reserve, combative spirit, contradictory mindset, lack of flexibility…

Diving trait at the end

Self-affirmation in action, importance of the instinctive sphere

The plunging traits are those that bring us back to instinct, the concrete.
the material and physical aspect of life.

Paragraph framing the name above and below

prudence, need for reassurance, protection of others, sometimes a barrier between others and oneself
the variations of paragraphs or the graphic prerequisites ultimately lead the writer to
multiples.

Complicated paraphrase

public individual who must make their signature unforgeable, distrust

The complicated flourish can accompany a signature that is clear, but also, as is often the case
a signature that is complicated in itself

Crucial paragraph

fourth degree of combativeness, extreme tendencies towards physical aggression

The crucial signature features a horizontal line that crosses a vertical line like a cross.
descendant. If there are several, it reinforces its meaning.

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Point ending the signature or the paragraph

according to context caution, reserve, distrust, worry, struggle against the opinions of others that one
accepts with difficulty
The period is often placed at the end of the signature, but not always...

Paragraph in transfixion

according to context, denying oneself, denying one's name, what it represents, ancient conflict evil
set, tendency to hurt oneself,
if extremely suicidal tendency
The interweaving of the signature is often the result of a stroke that goes back and forth on itself or
sometimes a zigzag to end outside the signature.

Signature preceded by a line going from bottom to top

objector character, who remains on his own self

When the signature starts with a line, it can come from many directions and be more or
shorter. The analysis of this characteristic is interesting

The location of the signature in relation to the text...

¾ The "normal" place of the signature: At a distance

reasonable of the text, rather to the right, two thirds / three
quarters of the width of the page. (note, this is not
always true, since in Germany, for example, it is
usually signed further to the left....). So if the signature is

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placed under the text in its normal position, it does not call for
of specific comments, except for the respect of
conventions, and possibly balance, depending on the context.

¾ The signature located on the left: Depending on the degree of

shift to the left, and of course staying in close
relationship with the context of writing, it is introversion, the
the writer "stays in his corner", the apprehension, the fear of
something, often from others, pessimism, and even
sometimes deep discouragement. But if the signature is
very large, it is certainly pride, perhaps a
compensation of a feeling of inferiority, and which drives towards
in any case, the writer must distance themselves from others

¾ The signature placed in the middle: It also indicates a

certain degree of inhibition, but less than above. There is
a certain indecision in this writer, a uncertainty
on the options to take. He may like to rely on the
others.

¾ The signature placed very far to the right: It is relatively

rare. It is mainly about boldness, about the will to
jostle, through reckless enthusiasm towards others. Sometimes also a
excess of optimism, reaching exaltation.
¾ The signature very close to the text: The writer does not take
not enough distance with himself or with others. He
lack of affirmation, perhaps a lack of lucidity as well. He lives a
little like 'in the shadow', under the dominance of others. It
lack of personality, probably due to lack of
maturity.

The differences (among the most common...) of the signature

in relation to the text...

¾ Signature smaller than the text: Complex

of inferiority, shyness, sometimes false modesty

¾ Signature less connected than writing: Need for isolation

¾ More affirmation in the signature than in the text:

This is the most common difference. The signature is both
faster, moderately larger (if exaggerated, see below)
below), firmer, more connected too. It is the being that
asserts itself, wants to succeed, and to realize oneself

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¾ Signature much larger than the text: Utopia,

exaltation, often pride, sometimes very real overestimation
of oneself, which can lead to errors in judgment, of
choice, of behavior

¾ Signature really very different from the writing (according to

the 8 genres): Eventually treachery, falsehood
tendency to concealment

¾ Rising signature and descending writing: Ambition

unsatisfied

¾ Descending signature and ascending writing:

Unresolved intimate issues, evident contradiction between
the momentum on one hand and the skepticism on the other

¾ Illegible signature and signs of weakness in the writing

lack of loyalty, cowardice

¾ Signature filiform: Skill, diplomacy, but also

wavy character, somewhat elusive

¾ Vertical signature and slanted writing: The writer has

a certain fear of others. He apprehends relationships
with others, or also to be a prisoner of it. he restrains in
society its natural inclination that leads it to others
¾ Slanted signature and vertical writing: The scribe
masks his insensitivity, his rigidity, behind appearances
the image he gives

¾ Signature with readable uppercase letters inflated compared to

Self-assertion, self-sufficiency, vanity,
pride, desire to stand out, to attract attention

Special Signs

A certain number of letters and sequences of writing

are interesting to study in addition

¾ Punctuation, the attack and the endings of words

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¾ La "fameuse" barre du T, les chiffres, et certaines

letters

The punctuation .....

characteristic
analyze
absence of punctuation
-1- negligence, distraction
points and accents placed very
high -2- idealism, elevation of thought

dots and accents placed sufficiently 3 practical sense, realism

bas
-4- respect for conventions
points and accents placed just right precision
in the right place
5 speed, but sometimes thoughtlessness,
points and accents placed very at improvisation
right of the letter
-6- ["apprehension","scruple","fear"]
points and accents placed very at to commit
left of the letter 7
fantasy, or sophistication one
points in the shape of circles somewhat immature

The attacks and endings of the words .....

There are several ways to 'attack' or finish the word
We can do it in a gentle, slow, thick way,
sharp or dazzling, as if we were launching an assault...
All of this has a meaning. A few examples
current....

9starting line from the upper area:

predominance of decisions, sometimes spirit of independence
9Thin and rounded beginning: kindness, often helpfulness
9Starting line from the lower area:
predominance of instincts, sometimes objectionable character

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9Final in an ascending diagonal: need for discussion,

more or less systematic opposition
9Diving finale: spirit of independence, sign of refusal,
obstinacy, return to instinct
9Extended finale to the right: if harmony, generosity,

natural, if disharmony, distrust, 'point' at others

The famous bars of the 't'.....

genre analyze genre analyze

absence of bar - 1 - lack of care, bar on the right of - 7 - precipitation, quick action
at "t" carelessness t what thought
-2- 8 stubbornness, fierce if
fine bar see context, will descending bar sharp
weak authoritarianism, "I myself
3 9
short bar high bar place above
shyness, restraint
4 10
launched bar low bar submission, respect, sometimes
impatience, bad energy modesty
- 5 - mastered - 11 -
heavy bar V bar spirit of contradiction (if
energy. If massaged other signs
6 outburst 12
rising bar knotted bar stubbornness, "it is this way and
combative, aggressive not otherwise
if sharpened

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The figures.

"1" : raide, en courbe, début en boucle 1 aggressiveness, gaiety,

hesitant spirit

"2" & "3" curled 2 reserve, concentration

mental restriction

"4" & "7" crossing, tapered 3 combative spirit, troublemaker,

critique

5 in zigzag 4 irritable susceptibility,

concern

6 at the intersection 5 desire for material achievements,

blind

7 in dome 6 glorious, vain

8 7 troubles
predominance of spirit or instinct

"9" loop, left finish, right finish 8 selfishness, aggression, sphere

instinctive

looped numbers 9 little will (if

angles, it is the opposite)

bracketed numbers 10 need to possess,

envy, mistrust

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A few other interesting letters .....

Some letters are interesting in that they have

a meaning that is almost always identical when they
are presented in a writing. But the
the interpretations below are true only if
They are accompanied by other signs.
concomitants in the rest of the writing.

¾ The lowercase 'p' and 's' are sometimes raised: It

it often indicates a sign of sensitivity, even exaltation
sometimes, if other signs confirm it.
¾ The 'v' launched: it is that of the protesters, that of
more or less systematic objectors
¾ The covering 'v': it is that of protection, the individual is
protects, to a more or less pronounced extent.
¾ The uppercase 'M': it is traditionally the 'letter
social." The first jamb represents the person herself-
Same. If it is higher, it is a sign of pride, of vanity.
The third leg (or the second if there are only two)
represents social relationships

Spatial Distribution

Informs us about the orientation of personality, about the sphere

predominant characteristic

Orientation in writing .....

The fundamental interpretations of this symbolism,
true "compass rose" of writing are
data in the image below. Max Pulver is
the author who has pushed the study of this the furthest
spatial representation.

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The "compass rose"....

How to understand this symbolic 'compass rose'?

.....

Writing is in two dimensions. Yet it...

appears to move in space.

The horizontal line is the boundary between the top and the
What is below belongs to the domain of
the earth, of the night, of matter. What is above
belongs to the world of light, of spirit, of
the ideal. It is a symbolism that can be found in the
["eyes to the sky","in the moon"]
"down to earth", "with both feet on the ground".... We also talk about the
sentiments "bas" ou "élevés" ! etc...

French writing goes from left to right. All

movement to the right represents the future, momentum
towards others. The left is the past, the origin, the
mother, the retreat.

The intersection of the vertical and the horizontal

represent it to me from the writer. The line of writing, i,
u, m, n... represents the sentiment, the life of all
days.
How to concretely use this 'rose des vents'
symbolic?

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One needs to take a step back from the page.

printed and look for the general orientation of the line.
There is a predominance somewhere, it must be
find. These may be the descendant traits that
dominant, or on the contrary those who are rising? The
the movement of writing is clearly directed towards
the right, where there is a constant effort to bring back
certain traits to the left?

Each genre of writing (see the section '8 genres')

readily agrees to an individual examination of his
orientation! What is the orientation of the order of
the page? Where letters are practiced more
willingly the pressure? Is the shape of the letters
revealing a directed movement that seems to repeat
? Or the slant of the letters that provides a reading
almost directly from spatial symbolism!...

The discovery of the direction of writing that one

study, in general, does not bring interpretation
new. But it helps to reinforce already existing signs.
existing, and to validate their interpretation.

The guidance in writing is precious in this sense.

that allows to identify what is fundamental
in personality, what is essential. It is also,
often, a component of personality that depends
of the unconscious.

The Synthesis
This is the most important moment, it is the purpose of the analysis.
his achievement

From start to finish, how do we conduct a study of writing?

? ....

You must examine a valid document! If you have one

several manuscripts, it's even preferable. The document
must be signed. It must include a number of lines
sufficiently significant. It is better to have
the original, rather than a copy that inevitably removes some
details, particularly regarding the pressure.
II. What is important is that it is necessary to examine carefully
Writing. One must look at it and not just see it.

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III. First, we need to define writing, to analyze its

particularities. The search for the characteristics of
the writing is done according to the following plan (which is also
the framework of this site):- 1 - the 8 genres (ordinance,
["dimension","pressure","shape","speed","continuity","direction"]
inclinaison).- 2 - la signature - 3 - les signes
particulars - 4 - the spatial distribution... It is about this
stage only to note the characteristics of writing.
The interpretation that can be made of it will come later.
IV. Here is the time to interpret psychologically the
symptoms of writing. At this stage it appears
generally clearly - 1 - a few
fundamental characteristics that make up the fund
of personality. These are elements, present in
different genres that overlap and reinforce each other
mutually their presence. They end up drawing up a
list of some personality traits that stand out
eyes", literally. - 2 - Then, a certain number
secondary elements interlock between these bases. They
emerge from observations made, and they must always
to harmonize correctly with the context and what one
already known to the writer. But these few elements are not
still a brief portrait, 'in broad strokes'.
The synthesis aims to provide a complete portrait,
at least from what emerges from the writing. It is
go into detail, look for the results
logical, that is to say the combination of several signs
graphs. It is important to remain closely linked to the context. The
the combination of interpretations is a matter of psychology and
of logic. One must not assert anything without certainty. The
the writing of the writer's portrait must be done with tact,
without ever being judged by others. It requires a
good understanding of nuances. The formulation is thus
as precise and accurate as possible

To conclude, some useful 'briefs' in all

circumstances ....

There are no specific independent signs, it

there are only general signs whose modes are
diverse. (therefore, inability to create a database
or to each graphic sign we would associate its
certain interpretation
Our body sometimes reacts in a similar way.
in different psychological states. Likewise
a graphological sign does not represent
necessarily a single character trait.

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One single character trait being rendered by

various signs or by combinations of signs,
one cannot conclude from the absence of a sign to
the existence of the quality contrary to that which this
sign would express. For example, if we find none
distinctive sign of firmness in writing, one cannot
however, do not conclude arbitrarily that the
the writer may be soft in character. It's likely, but
this will only be true if there are distinct signs of the
softness.

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Psychographicsby Jacques Serir

The psychology of writing is considered as a test
complementary among the existing tests in psychology
clinic. The doctor facing a symptomatology that he does not
does not know the origin with certainty, even if he has some presumptions,

request medical supplements: radiological,

cardiological, blood tests etc. to find the treatment
adequate. The symptoms do not have a unique causality.

The same applies in graphology: knowing how to ask oneself the questions

in a writing, knowing how to grasp the details in the overall view of

writing, are these for example of psychological origin,
physiological? By acting on the why we can be better
enlightened on how. For this, the graphologist having received a
solid training in psychology, in psychoanalysis, in
analytical characterology, having done work on himself
can help the being find the answers to the questions that
they besiege him.

The eye of the graphologist should initially only serve to the radiography of

writing. As time goes on, our perception of writing

the examinee conveys what she wants to express, it is to this
The moment is when she opens up and confides. The meaning of objectivity is
of setting, not to be caught off guard, overwhelmed by our intuition,
our imagination, certainly indispensable but always put to
service of observation and reasoning because to interpret is to
recognize the hidden meaning beneath the given sense, find
meaning: production of sense.

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After training in human sciences, in psychoanalysis, in

Characterology, graphology has become one of my priorities.
for knowledge and understanding in the sector of
therapy, education, couple psychology, knowledge
teenagers in their concerns.

Introduction
Graphic gesture as a means of expression and
communication quickly becomes the imprint of speech of the
writer, it is one of the forms of language and relationship that the
the writer establishes with his reader. In itself, the specific role of

Writing is about communicating, materializing thought.

Initially, writing is a transmission, its purpose is to

consolidate through structural cohesion the achievements of the

calligraphy and at the same time express being-writing in

his ways of acting, doing, reacting to external stimuli
and internal. It will interfere within this structure

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graphic, the imprint of the speaking subject. Gradually writing

is modified, detaches itself from the learned calligraphy, its

metamorphosis takes birth from the uniqueness of the being as

to be unique and original, this graphic individuality
encompasses the interactions of character, personality in front
to his education, to his history and his relationships with others.

Through its observation techniques, the psychology of

writing can, based on a methodology, tend towards the
understanding of the personality of the subject: in its form
intelligence, in the way of conducting oneself, grasp the
difficulties that may temporarily besiege him
interiority, to reveal to him the positive points he can act on
to alleviate, modify, undo certain fears,
certain questions...

Whether for the graphologist or the novice, writing is

vivacious, speaking, acting, she stands up, she bulges, she
fragments, dilates, shrinks...

She never leaves the reader indifferent. She sometimes triggers

reactions. Who hasn't made a comment about a
illegible writing, disorderly, confusing, tangled, to the point that it
it was necessary to make an extra effort of attention to try to
decrypt the message?

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Objectives and scope of application in the

humanities sector
...The psychology of writing does not claim to
uncover the mysteries, its only claim is to try to
understanding the differences that are often sources of
conflicts between beings too prone to interpose their
subjectivity in their perceptions.

Its scope is broad because graphology

can intervene in different sectors:

• in interpersonal relationships; the disagreements,

conflicts within a family (parents-children,

partners). For example, in a couple's relationship,
The tearings, the disagreements can lead to
origins, outside of romantic feelings, a
misunderstanding of certain traits of theirs
personalities, it is through the acceptance of differences
that human beings evolve.

• in career guidance, it allows for understanding

the abilities of the subject, their form of intelligence, their

adaptability qualities, its physical resistance and

mental in front of certain tasks and in certain
situations.

• in medicine: it is an additional tool for

the psychiatrist's work in knowledge of the

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subject's personality; it can follow the stages

evolutionary in the appropriate treatment because very often
the deterioration of graphic gesture is a sign of
disturbance of the psychological balance of the subject. The

traced will transcribe symptoms that will lead to

suggestions and questions allowing for
therapists to have information that may
to interest him.

• for the psychologist and the psychotechnician as

additional test among the existing tests in

clinical psychology.

Examples

1hecase

Two writings, the first belongs to the mother, the second to her
20-year-old girl.

Writing with a firm and rich stroke, the entire layout has an aspect
fairly structured, the movement is easy and well controlled.

Firm personality, active, with a sense of responsibility

strong enough, a good standing in society which she accepts
conventions, its firmness can have a quite strict side leading
this personality often tends to suggest to its
follow a course of action identical to hers.

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The girl's writing is lively with some signs.

of impulsivity that drives it towards the saccade.

Lively temperament, irritable, sensitive, very jealous of his

autonomy if not its independence. It can, therefore,
to feel every directive, every idea, and every suggestion as
a limitation to his personality, thus creating a real and profound
dissatisfaction.

The girl and the mother can have a dialogue of the deaf or two.
different monologues. The two trends towards independence are
heurtent, se conflictualisent. Malgré leur affectivité réciproque,
Each of them tries to draw the other towards herself.

2nd case

Three writings by children with their ways of adapting or not to

the authority of the father.

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The writing of the father:

A very introspective personality, he lives in his independence with

a strong moral rigidity, it is difficult for him to change his mind
Demanding, he wants to maintain his authority at all costs without a
certain resentment, it’s a man who does not forget so easily and
With a note of anticipation, one could assume without too much hesitation.

to deceive that he does not easily take the first step.

His 15-year-old son.

Thoughtful child, introspective, secretive, does not easily open up,

concerned with analysis and precision, he prefers to live more of his
intellectual curiosity rather than relationships with the world. It follows the

standards that are proposed to it, as opposing itself would prevent it

to be able to be interested in what excites him, to analyze, to
think in complete tranquility.

One of those 13-year-old girls.

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The drawing denotes affection, but also a certain

softness, a certain tendency towards lymphatism. As a result, she
found preserved by its tranquility, its lack of response.
This attitude spares him many difficulties.

The eldest daughter is 18 years old.

Firm, energetic, open to the social world, she rises up against

the lack of freedom and against the rigid authority of his father, a
great need to spread one's wings that the father refuses
categorically.

Only the 18-year-old girl reacts to the paternal rigidity and suffers from it.

lack of the family's openness to the outside world. It has a

strong and independent temperament, it could very well be
that she breaks family ties in order to fully
s’affirmer. Elle est affectueuse, sans aucune rancune, il se pourrait
that she would later take the first step again, but the proud father,
rigid, with a completely repressed sensitivity will have more of
hard to reconnect quickly, he's vindictive.

3rd case

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Harnessing the intellectual potentials in children

Writing of a 9-year-old child, one can already notice a good foundation.

from the median zone, a graphic motor skill achieved with a

certain structuring, which is not obvious at this age. The
letters are linked to each other, vertical trace, precise punctuation,
claire, firmness of the line, sturdy strokes, the connections between the

letters of the same word are regular, the spacings between the
Words are regular, the baseline width of the letters is short.

He is an attentive, diligent, careful child, possessing a very

good understanding, clear reasoning, deductive, his thought
wants to be both precise and concise with good concentration
of spirit, not lacking in a certain subtlety and finesse. He knows
trouver les mots justes. Il ne rebute jamais devant une difficulté,
diligent in effort, trying to achieve the result.

His teacher finds him intelligent and hardworking. The potentialities

the intellect of this child is undeniable, the observation of
graphic design reveals itself through its clarity and a certain
customization of graphics.

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11-year-old child; motor skills and graphic dexterity are not

not acquired, difficulties in being able to arrange and connect the letters

among them; the line is light, slowed down, slow, the returns are
clumsy, wide spaces between words, the substance
even writing lacks structure. The observation and
The pressure examinations are useful to try to determine if this
Child has good vital resources, how can he use them?
and how to use it. We observe discomfort in this child
In intellectual exercise, clarity and comprehensibility make it
defect. His teacher notices that he is often 'in the moon'.
Concentration of mind is quickly thwarted by distraction,
inattentive, toute application lui semble presque pénible, elle
she shies away from effort especially if she needs to show perseverance.
Psychotechnical and psychological tests must evaluate the
IQ of this child and see if there are any small issues.
psychological issues do not hinder and disturb this
personality.

In light of this layout, various questions arise for our reflection.

analytical.

Is it a laziness, a nonchalance, a disorder

psychological, of certain psychological disturbances,

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of a hearing impairment, visual impairment, or a thwarted left-handedness? This

which clearly shows that we must always question everything

contradictory graphics. The grouping of the various disciplines of
human and medical sciences will be a major asset for this
une idée au plus juste et adapter le ou les traitements nécessaires.

4th case

Two writings: married couple aged around forty

of the year:

Writing of the Husband

Its line is firm, at a steady rhythm, it strives towards the cadence,

movement to the right content, simple, sober, angular,
some suspensions, the spaces between the words regular, the line
is nourished and sometimes blurred in certain places always in a context

closed.

In the psychological design of Mr. Jung's theories: he is

the representation of introversion of the thinking-sensation type.

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Writing of his wife:

Line thickened with impasto, movement to the right

fairly easy but content, clear, precise, simple, firm, rounded and
some angles. The writing is a bit academic, at the pace
eventful but the writer is in control. She has a nature
extraverted sensation-thinking type

Brief portrait of this couple in their relationships:

First of all, we observe a differentiation on the emotional level and

in the way of perceiving and feeling all the solicitations,
all impressions coming from the surrounding world with a
greater intensity of the writer's affection than in her
husband.

Both are attracted to the practical and concrete field.

which allows them to unite their efforts towards a common goal. There is

even a certain undeniable complementarity because it

is more focused on details and has a global overview
things.

The spouse finds balance in work and in the close circle.

and protected from his family life, he tends to flee and even sometimes

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to dread the company of others in its expressive movement. By

against his wife likes to surround himself with this symbiosis, this

empathy of human contacts, she is comfortable in society

of others as opposed to her husband preferring to stay out of it.

The divergence will occur between them on the emotional level. His wife of

tender nature needs understanding and attention, sensitive

to the expressed tenderness. For him, it seems to be nothing but a

relative importance, he has a certain inability to respond

from the outset of this expectation. His affection he undoubtedly expresses by

the very fact that he is in the home. He enjoys being alone,

in these silences that are necessary for him.

In terms of sexuality, the intensity of their tendencies is equal.

allows for a certain symbiosis.

In conclusion: by understanding their desires and their

needs, these two personalities can find a climate
of even more complete harmony

5e case

Graphic of a 12-year-old child:

In this drawing, it feels like the letters are jostling.

clash. Uncontrollable gestures, discordant trait, more support

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strong on certain letters, the movement of writing is both

upside down and vertical.

His teacher finds him unstable: it seems that this child has some
psychological difficulties preventing him from flourishing like he
would be suitable. Relationship problems with the parental unit.
should be taken into account. Irritable, unreliable, he has a lot of
difficulties in controlling himself, he quickly retaliates with an attack as soon as he

I think I feel offended or hurt by a remark. There is

a lot of sensitivity in this child. Explosive outbursts
both verbal and physical threats are to be feared from him. Some
psychological and emotional difficulties prevent this child from finding a

balance between one's needs, desires, and the relationship with others. Its

the only way to behave is aggression, yet this child

is affectionate, sensitive, feeling misunderstood and rejected. There is in
this graphic of suffering, a wake-up call, a cry for help.

He is a 'difficult' child suffering from emotional deficiency.

work of the psychologist, psychoanalyst, child psychiatrist
help this child to find, to discover the very meaning of this
violence that besieges it and to remedy it.

Texts

Graphology imprints character

It is through and by his character that man will be able to

find and grasp the meaning of one's life as Mr. said
Herodotus 'the character of man is his destiny.'

The thinker Mr. Paul Ricoeur in his book "philosophy of the

will " clearly confirms the concept of immutability of

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character " I am not free to change my character but

with him and by him, I have my own way of choosing and of myself
to choose, that I do not choose. My character in what it has
the immutable is nothing but the way of being of my freedom.

Marquise Du Deffand wrote to Mr. De Voltaire, "I know"

it is almost always our character that contributes to
our happiness but as you know, we received it
of nature. The weight of external factors will determine
the capacity for resilience of character and its fragility. It is the
fundamental criterion on which the possible rely
behavioral issues faced with the assignment of the
situation. In the same situation, each character will have
its terms allowing him to solve according to the
severity of the obstacle, of the event an appropriate response.
Psychoanalysis speaks very wisely of predisposition.
field survey to explain certain conditions and
behavioral disorders.

Mr. Lagache corroborates this hypothesis "sometimes the weight of

biological factors are such that light obstacles are

sufficient to disrupt development, sometimes the background
organic is so good that human beings pull themselves out of
worse situations.

The constitutional terrain becomes this explanatory reference of

neurotic manifestations. The character is actualized and
is expressed through the encounter with the outside environment, this environment in

as long as the active link reacting imposes and triggers

frustrations.

The psychoanalyst Germaine Guex in her book 'neurosis'

abandon " emits that the " central problem of this

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affection almost always resides in predisposition

initial condition that renders the individual unable to adapt

normally and brings it to a morbid state of anguish

affective and devaluation without necessarily its
life has been more difficult, more dramatic than another.....
Many mothers know these little ones that are difficult to raise.
hypersensitive to the slightest change in voice,
intonations or habits.

Analytical characterology aims to claim that there exists from

the birth of a structure, a framework where actualized
possibilities and needs differentiating beings from one another.

As Mr. Gaston Berger confirms, "character and

situations update reciprocally. The situation is
to extract from a man what, without the circumstances, could have been
never to manifest oneself, on the contrary, the character derives from a

same situation different effects.

Writing examples:

Figure 1

Trace with great regularity, small, vertical, little

quickly, the gesture is measured all of this in a subdued atmosphere

vital.

The social integration of this person is difficult, she has

a marked tendency to retreat into solitude with
the feeling of being misunderstood.

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The underlying structure of his character seems to indicate

the very aspect of his keen sensitivity, possessing a

less resistance in the attack, affected by failures,
she may be prone to mental rumination that can
become the most frequent factor in his consciousness. The
Her moral qualities are beyond doubt.

There are beings for whom an event, a situation, a

emotions leave a mark deep within themselves
so entrenched that it is almost impossible for them to erase it,
to obliterate it. Everything extends, continues, the past,
present and future intertwine, combine. The writing here
above seems to reveal that this personality remains
long affected by events.

Figure 2

Firm writing, nourished with a paste-like tendency, ascending, half-

angular, with a quick and lively line, elevations

see the stems.

The subject struggles quite a bit to control their fiery side and
impetuous, impatient, he gets fired up, loses his temper quickly with the

need to have influence over others.

His rhythm of life is fast, his taste for improvisation and

his impatience often leads him to the forefront of things,

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The unexpected does not unsettle him, nor does it deeply affect him.

It is a reactive. It is the mark of its deep character,

full of energy, of vital forces, he is a presentivist.

For him, events have no existence and intensity except

in the updating, in the immediacy. Once
the past event, the emotions felt, experienced,
expressed, he does not seem to be affected in his
temporal consciousness.

The graphic trait and the vital potential of

active resources

Mr. André Le Gall defines activity as potential for

available organic forces as 'a congenital need
interior and fairly constant to modify the given,
to imprint a new mark on things,
events, to others or to oneself.

Mr. René Le Senne, philosopher and characterologist, specifies

that activity is not the action taken in a state of startle
of enthusiasm, even a sort of feverishness where the subject
sent with such energy that it can ignite everything it
Often, it falls back as quickly as it rises.
appeared, burning quickly without leaving anything behind
behind her. The lesenian activity is more this need
natural and unconstrained to act, to do to
to do, to accomplish for accomplishing.

The activity would be this "kind of magmatic rock" in

fusion creating an explosion of forces at every moment
acting in the implementation of the actions undertaken. For
he's not one to blame fate, to take refuge in the
daydreams, in the contemplations. His motto 'I must act',

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this assignment is not a constrained and forced obligation but

the expression of a natural challenge he feels at every moment
in himself. His potential for organic forces allows him
to be more resistant to fatigue after intense efforts, it
recovers very quickly. He is enduring, persevering. A
dynamics in self-confidence food, a
constructive audacity is revealed in him. The expression "to live"
it is to overcome 'would seem to be the formula of the asset, its

happiness can only be conceived through actions and the

mobilization of all its potential organic forces of which
he/she provides.

Mr. René Le Senne in his book 'Treatise on Characterology'

make the distinction between true activity and apparent activity
is an asset the man for whom the emergence of an obstacle
strengthens the action spent by him in the direction that
the obstacle comes to cut, is an inactive one that the obstacle
discourages.

The writer Charles Du Bois, author of critical essays, shows

accurately the consequences and the weight of inactivity on
I do nothing without first
crushed under the weight of the difficulties that I see ahead
me and the discouragement is such that I need a will
huge for me to get to work.

Example of writing a constitution asset:

Figure 1

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The line is firm and rich, the writing is structured, we

sees many small inequalities contained by the
weighting of the speed of the drawing, the writing is nuanced,
combined.

He was an tireless worker and of great perseverance.

Its graphical trace shows through its food and firmness
of its nature a strong vital potential of organic forces.

He himself said, 'Work always follows will and

presque toujours le travail a pour compagnon le succès. Ces
three things: will, work, success share everything
human existence

In one of his letters to his father, he says "

however, do not think that I am working on myself
faire du mal ". L'actif est toujours en plaisir d'agir, de faire.

Example of a person whose activity is substitution:

Figure 2

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The writing is choppy, lacking structure,

irregularity in the firmness of the stroke and its support, it has
tendency to be discordant.

From an activity that is not very spontaneous in itself, it will not remain

not without acting, on the contrary in the areas that its

privileged sensitivity, she is passionate, which leads her to
the action. It is in these bursts of enthusiasm that she is
capable of extraordinary energy.

His emotionality is the driving force behind the substitution of his

activity as potential organic resources that

the anime. It can go beyond its capabilities of
resistance that risks exhausting its physical potential,
instability, fatigue, and impatience can arise
to feel, thereby triggering mood swings and
of excitability.

Psychoanalysis and graphology:

If writing is a communication, let it be based on

something that is said, then the subject as a historical being
interferes with saying. The graphic gesture will, by its substance
and through its balance something to reveal. This revelation
does not mean that one can grasp and analyze the

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content of the speech of the writer's unconscious, what seems

quasi impossible. But we will detect the symptomatology there as
means of defense of the subject. The specificity of the unconscious is the

meeting the desire of the other, the other being taken as a subject to not
no longer be.

For the psychoanalyst J. Lacan, 'the unconscious is the discourse of

the other. For him, desire is a relationship of being to lack, it is not
not a lack of this or that, but a lack of being by which to be
there exists the notion of lack, it is that by which being rises
as presence against a backdrop of absence. For Mr. J. Lacan "

the unconscious is structured like a language, which leads to

this deduction that there is an unconscious only in "the speaking being"
which is a pleonasm by the very fact that it is speaking because it
is to be.

As a method of investigation for this research of

the inexplicable in the explicable, psychoanalysis is centered on the
relationship. It is the meeting of two unconscious minds, that of the analyst

as the link of support and the unbearable and that of

the analysand. Through this link, something extra is established.
which escapes the analyst while being there. The word as
communication decodes, dissolves, explodes; the words themselves
they seem to have no more cohesion, no more meaning, the
meeting the truth through this demystified word of hidden meaning
returns the subject with its history. By communicating through
this word undertakes a heavy and burdensome task, it is
of existing and often to define itself it tends to lose itself even
erase himself as the subject of his own utterance in order to
use the code in the other's field. The analysis restores the
full parole.

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The difficulty in analytical therapy is not to explain the or

the symptoms but to unravel the strongest and most formidable
resistances, that is to say the one that opposes the unveiling of
the symptomatic causality, the transfer, which cannot be experienced
with the other (it's a love story but what a story!).

One cannot help but refer to the accuracy of the analysis.

Mr. François Roustang, who was able to say "that at the end of the analysis

the analyst realizes that the sky is empty, that there is no power
if not in himself, there is nothing to expect from this other
person.

And we will add this beautiful quote from Mr. Montaigne 'the most
The greatest thing in the world is to know how to be oneself.

It is for these essential reasons that graphology cannot

to allow oneself to make an analytical interpretation of a writing
on the foundations of causality to observed symptoms. Its
fundamental role: it is to acknowledge that something
imbalance and disturbs graphic life in its essence. The
graphical tracing will transcribe symptoms that will lead to
suggestions, inquiries, and information.

Example: Writing about a personality in the grip of

emotional conflicts.

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This design features significant variations in dimension,

in the directional movement, in the pressure and in the form
with the scriptural gesture, the middle zone is unstable, poorly structured,

some letters are crushed.

In the affective component, there is a certain suffering, a

a certain malaise that the subject is trying to express as best as they can,

with the criteria of a call for help (the request for assistance).
The emotionality is there, but the subject channels it poorly. Taking into account

from her anamnesis, the therapy will bring her the 'ills' to express, the

the subject will return to its full word...

Professional orientation and graphology:

Mr. Jean Jacques Rousseau said that 'every mind has its form.'
clean according to which he needs to be governed

The deep meaning of career orientation consists of establishing

a form of uniqueness between the profession and the personality of the subject.

The guidance counselor, by virtue of their role, will try to help in

better for the individual to determine in which professional direction
he will be able to best realize his personality.

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The individual forms an indivisible whole, asking and demanding for

his flourishing and his balance a certain harmonization
between his desires, his needs, and his orientation style.

No one will contest that professional choice contributes to

a large part to nourish man psychologically. The human being has
need to do experiments, to engage in activities in
harmony with its deep nature.

The whole difficulty will be to capture the influence in the graphics.

what character exerts on intelligence, the latter investing itself in
this mental framework that is character to draw strength from
and develop its potentialities. We can think that there is a
true education of intelligence. Detailed knowledge
the character will give us information or even explanations
on certain causes of school failure in intelligent but
having blockages in assimilation.

Emotional-affective factors must be taken into account.

in the reflective work of intelligence, the role of emotions in the
reasoning has a significant importance on work
the attention, memory, and clarity of mind of the subject.
They can be the source of an inhibition stopping the
associations of ideas in the course of mental activity of
subject.

For neurologist Antonio Damasio, precursor of psycho-

cognition, 'we think with our reason and especially with our
emotions. He tries to establish a cause-and-effect coordination.
between the way we think and the way the brain
reacts. He goes so far as to hypothesize that emotions would be
a kind of trigger for reasoning.

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Brief study of a future career orientation

of a 15-year-old teenager

Description of the graphic trace:

Small, clear, concise writing (the links are short),

slightly winding with a certain regularity between the words,
the punctuation is precise and the accentuation is low, applied,
simple without any embellishment, the letters are connected, all the
the movement of the line is made with great mastery on the part of the

Writer. The stroke is firm, enriched with a perceptive tendency.

pasty.

What can already be detected based on the observation of the

graphic gesture:

She has a strong personality with good psychological balance.

with a certain introverted life orientation.

His intelligence is of an abstract orientation. The logicality of

reasoning leads his thoughts. The capacity for concentration
is strong, he works methodically and with organization, his tenacity, his
perseverance gives him continuity in what he does,
undertake. His mind is clear, logical, and orderly, capable of

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generalization, he has a concern for precision, meticulousness and

the one of the in-depth analysis.

It is a thoughtful nature, having a rich inner life, quite

selective in his friendships, his relationships.

The intellectual abilities of this teenager are beyond doubt,

his orientation will be more towards the scientific sector,
mathematics, with the goal of preparing for a major
school. Its mode of operation is to always have reasoning.
and abstract thinking.

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Table of contents

Graphology by Françoise Bourdon______________________________ 2

What is graphology?
How does it work? _______________________________________________ 4
The case of the signature ________________________________________________ 5
The practice ________________________________________________ 6
Examples __________________________________________________________ 8
The shape of the letters_________________________________________________ 10
The movement _____________________________________________________ 11
Conclusion________________________________________________________ 13
Graphology by Anne Marie Cobbaert ___________________________ 14
Origins __________________________________________________________ 14
Writing_________________________________________________________ 16
What should be looked for in a writing? __________________________________ 18
The 8 Genres ______________________________________________________ 19
The order ________________________________________________________ 20
The Dimension ________________________________________________________ 23
The Pressure __________________________________________________________ 25
The Shape____________________________________________________________ 27
The Speed ___________________________________________________________ 30
The Continuity ________________________________________________________ 33
The Management _________________________________________________________ 35
The Inclination _________________________________________________________ 38
The Signature ______________________________________________________ 40
How to choose the right interpretation?
What should be looked at in the signature? __________________________________ 41
Some examples of signatures..._______________________________________ 42
Some examples of paragraphs...
The location of the signature in relation to the text... _______________________ 45
Special Signs ________________________________________________ 47
Punctuation ..... ____________________________________________________ 48
The attacks and endings of words ....._______________________________________ 48
The famous bars of the "t" ..... _________________________________________ 49
The figures.
A few other interesting letters ..... __________________________________ 51

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Spatial Distribution
The orientation in writing ..... _________________________________________ 51
The Synthesis _______________________________________________________ 53
Psychographology by Jacques Serir
Introduction_______________________________________________________ 57
Objectives and scope in the field of human sciences______ 59
Examples ____________________________________________________________ 60
Texts_______________________________________________________________ 69
Graphology leaves an imprint of character __________________________________________ 69
The graphic design and the vital potential of active resources __________________________ 73
Psychoanalysis and graphology: _________________________________________________ 76
Career orientation and graphology: ______________________________________ 79

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