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PLASTICS DESIGN LIBRARY (PDL)
PDL HANDBOOK SERIES
Series Editor: Sina Ebnesajjad, PhD (sina@[Link])
President, FluoroConsultants Group, LLC
Chadds Ford, PA, USA
[Link]

The PDL Handbook Series is aimed at a wide range of engineers and other professionals working in the plastics industry,
and related sectors using plastics and adhesives.

PDL is a series of data books, reference works and practical guides covering plastics engineering, applications, processing, and
manufacturing, and applied aspects of polymer science, elastomers and adhesives.

Recent titles in the series

Biopolymers: Processing and Products, Michael Niaounakis (ISBN: 9780323266987)

Biopolymers: Reuse, Recycling, and Disposal, Michael Niaounakis (ISBN: 9781455731459)
Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Composites, Marcio Loos (ISBN: 9781455731954)
Extrusion, 2e, John Wagner & Eldridge Mount (ISBN: 9781437734812)
Fluoroplastics, Volume 1, 2e, Sina Ebnesajjad (ISBN: 9781455731992)
Handbook of Biopolymers and Biodegradable Plastics, Sina Ebnesajjad (ISBN: 9781455728343)
Handbook of Molded Part Shrinkage and Warpage, Jerry Fischer (ISBN: 9781455725977)
Handbook of Polymer Applications in Medicine and Medical Devices, Kayvon Modjarrad & Sina Ebnesajjad
(ISBN: 9780323228053)
Handbook of Thermoplastic Elastomers, Jiri G Drobny (ISBN: 9780323221368)
Handbook of Thermoset Plastics, 2e, Hanna Dodiuk & Sidney Goodman (ISBN: 9781455731077)
High Performance Polymers, 2e, Johannes Karl Fink (ISBN: 9780323312226)
Introduction to Fluoropolymers, Sina Ebnesajjad (ISBN: 9781455774425)
Ionizing Radiation and Polymers, Jiri G Drobny (ISBN: 9781455778812)
Manufacturing Flexible Packaging, Thomas Dunn (ISBN: 9780323264365)
Plastic Films in Food Packaging, Sina Ebnesajjad (ISBN: 9781455731121)
Plastics in Medical Devices, 2e, Vinny Sastri (ISBN: 9781455732012)
Polylactic Acid, Rahmat et. al. (ISBN: 9781437744590)
Polyvinyl Fluoride, Sina Ebnesajjad (ISBN: 9781455778850)
Reactive Polymers, 2e, Johannes Karl Fink (ISBN: 9781455731497)
The Effect of Creep and Other Time Related Factors on Plastics and Elastomers, 3e, Laurence McKeen
(ISBN: 9780323353137)
The Effect of Long Term Thermal Exposure on Plastics and Elastomers, Laurence McKeen (ISBN: 9780323221085)
The Effect of Sterilization on Plastics and Elastomers, 3e, Laurence McKeen (ISBN: 9781455725984)
The Effect of Temperature and Other Factors on Plastics and Elastomers, 3e, Laurence McKeen (ISBN: 9780323310161)
The Effect of UV Light and Weather on Plastics and Elastomers, 3e, Laurence McKeen (ISBN: 9781455728510)
Thermoforming of Single and Multilayer Laminates, Ali Ashter (ISBN: 9781455731725)
Thermoplastics and Thermoplastic Composites, 2e, Michel Biron (ISBN: 9781455778980)
Thermosets and Composites, 2e, Michel Biron (ISBN: 9781455731244)

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MATERIAL SELECTION FOR
THERMOPLASTIC PARTS
Practical and Advanced Information
for Plastics Engineers

Michel Biron

Amsterdam • Boston • Heidelberg • London • New York • Oxford • Paris

San Diego • San Francisco • Singapore • Sydney • Tokyo
William Andrew is an imprint of Elsevier
William Andrew is an imprint of Elsevier
The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, OX5 1GB, UK
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Copyright © 2016 Michel Biron. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted
herein).
Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes
in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.

Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods,
compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the
safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.

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damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods,
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ISBN: 978-0-7020-6284-1

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 Preface

Engineers who work in many industrial segments search elsewhere complementary and corroborating
that utilize plastic parts are not plastics experts. information.
According to recent studies, about 60% of plastics Chapter 1 aims helping to define the problem,
failures come from a wrong selection of the used pointing out the difficulty of a right choice of a
grade. Time-dependent properties, environmental defined plastic material taking into account a broad
stress cracking (ESC), chemical resistance, notched range of interactive parameters linked to the polymer
rupture, thermal degradation, dynamic fatigue, properties, on the one hand, and surrounding stresses
creep, and ultraviolet (UV) resistance are the main and media, on the other hand.
issues. The aim of this book is to provide easy-to- Some thermoplastic features can surprise design-
understand and easy-to-use tools for a systematic ers usually working with steels and other metals: the
approach of a preliminary material selection. Of course, sensitivity to temperature, humidity, creep, chemi-
this solution has the disadvantages of its simplicity cals, and viscoelasticity. The final choice results
and cannot replace the knowledge and experience of from numerous iterations leading to a subtle balance
plastics specialists. of technical requirements, economic considerations,
To ease the work of the reader, innumerable ther- environmental issues, and targeted lifetime.
moplastics grades (more than 30,000) are sliced into The ins and outs linked to the main interactions
about 300 subfamilies. For each subfamily, about 20 between thermoplastics properties (mechanical,
properties are assessed by a minimum and a maxi- physical, aging, sensorial), surrounding parameters
mum values coming from a screening of industrial (temperature, time, stresses, chemicals, and so on),
grades. (Of course, all the grades are not examined economics, regulations, green trends, and lifetimes
and it is possible that other data exist.) As for all gen- are briefly examined.
eral books, certain opinions may be unsuitable for A checklist of 125 good questions concludes this
some cases and it is almost inevitable that errors and chapter.
misconceptions have found their way in the mass of Chapter 2 makes the reader aware of some specific-
data. ities of thermoplastics and helps clarify quickly some
The selected subfamilies cannot be directly used particular features of the plastics language. Industrial
and the reader must word deeper on the subject to plastics are based on organic macromolecules, which
choose the suitable grade in the selected subfamilies lead to specific features such as viscoelasticity, various
and use the actual data measured on this grade for levels of crystallinity, time and temperature depen-
final computing, designing, economic study, etc. The dency, various levels of anisotropy, and so on. Apart
advice of plastics specialists is irreplaceable, and from elemental composition, molecular weight, chain
obviously, prototypes and tests under operating con- architecture, glass transition, and supramolecular
ditions are essential. structure are also of high importance. Industrial grades
This book is only one of the tools aiming to help are upgraded and customized mixtures of polymer(s)
the preselection of thermoplastic materials for the and additives having specific roles. Main induced
manufacture of thermoplastics parts. It proposes effects of additives include reinforcement thanks to
an overview of the situation, a method of thinking glass and carbon fibers, minerals, and glass beads;
among others for material selection, and property improvement of general behavior thanks to impact
data allowing to lead to a first preselection. Obvi- modifiers, plasticizers, protective agents; optimization
ously, it cannot cover all cases but it gives some start- of special features thanks to dedicated additives such
ing points for innovative thinking of the reader to as fire retardants, electrically or thermally conductive,
select information relating to his/her own case and to Antifriction, Magnetic and other additives.

xiii
xiv Preface

Statistical analyses of some properties of more and office appliances; mechanical engineering;
than 200 marketed thermoplastic grades give a more sports and leisure; medical market; furniture and
precise idea of neat and reinforced thermoplastic bedding; and agriculture.
grades. Chapter 5 aims to provide some information and
Sensory properties (optical properties, touch, scratch examples to avoid some pitfalls leading to project fail-
resistance, acoustic comfort, odor, taste, fogging) ures. Obviously, it is essential to fairly estimate part
are examined before another burning issue, the requirements and to fairly understand the exact mean-
dimensional stability linked to thermal expansion, ing of gathered properties of the used compound to
mechanical stresses including residual ones, shrink- objectively fill the checklist. Difficulties include the
age, warpage, water uptake, and releasing of organic selection of the useful mechanical properties: at break,
additives. at elastic limit, at yield, after creep or relaxation.
Chapter 3 helps clarify quickly the actual con- As for many other materials, provided properties
sumption, uses, and costs of thermoplastics includ- are average data when failures are induced by weakest
ing thermoplastic elastomer and bioplastics. After points that must be estimated from statistical results.
an overview of the global plastics industry (up to Chemical behavior can hide several traps linked to
2020), the market shares of the various thermoplas- the nature of chemicals, test duration, temperature, and
tic families, main concerned regions (Asia, Europe, so on without forgetting that ESC can worsen damages.
America, BRIC), main application sectors, and Plasticization and decrease of insulating proper-
importance of the various processing methods are ties by ambient moisture are also examined for cer-
examined. tain plastics.
Plastic costs are studied according to raw Designers must be aware of abrupt evolutions of
material, additive and reinforcement costs, and some properties such as glass transition, yield, knees,
processing costs. Some good reasons to use ther- frequency-dependent characteristics, leading to some
moplastics and a few examples of success stories pitfalls linked to modeling and property compari-
are examined. sons, very useful if carefully used but very hazardous
Two important issues linked to costs and drying in other cases.
up of crude oil are detailed through the modeling of Chapters 6–9 aim providing examples of densi-
polymer cost and the potential use of bio-sourced ties, conventional mechanical and thermal properties
plastics. for numerous subfamilies of thermoplastics includ-
Finally, a table displays, without any warranty, ing neat grades, alloys, and special versions contain-
price index hypotheses for 279 plastics. ing fibers, carbon nanotube, minerals, glass beads,
Chapter 4 aims to provide tools for using a conductive additives, wood plastic composite, flame
complementary preselection approach, generally retardant, etc.
called, for example, design-by-analogy method Of course, density (Chapter 6) is of prime impor-
or something like that. The concept is to search tance for weight of parts, costs per volume, and actual
analogies with existing solutions solving an analo- weight savings. Density reduction is of a great inter-
gous problem. Knowledge can be provided by the est and is briefly examined through structural foam
designer experience, specialized databases, and all techniques and hollow parts.
readily available information sources. This chap- For comparison, some property examples of
ter is a specialized database providing more than traditional materials are quoted, pointing out the draw-
1500 couples of parts or products and the related backs of their higher densities.
used thermoplastic(s). Analogies can concern the Chapter 7 warns designers that thermoplastics are
product itself, the domain, or the functionalities not ideal materials obeying to simple physical laws
of more or less similar products being of other and that testing methods are diverse, leading to pub-
domains. lished data that can lead to common and important
Parts or products come from the 10 top thermo- point of lack of understanding or misinterpretation.
plastic domains, that is to say, packaging; building First of all, it is necessary to fully understand infor-
and civil engineering; automotive and transportation; mation and make designer’s requirements under-
electrical and electronics; household, entertainment, standable by plastics players.
Head over to [Link] to browse premium-
quality test banks and solution manuals with special
discounts.
Preface xv

This chapter provides data examples of usual Immediate retentions of strength and modulus are
mechanical properties including tensile strength and extensively examined for temperatures above room
strain at yield, tensile, and flexural moduli. Compres- temperature. Some examples relate to elongation
sive properties, uniaxial compression, bulk compres- at break, tensile strength, and modulus at subzero
sion, shear properties, and elongation work are also temperatures.
briefly examined. Basic features of long-term resistance to heat
Impact behavior (notched and unnotched Charpy aging and conventional accelerated aging tests in
and Izod) and surface hardness (Rockwell M & air are examined with numerous examples of prop-
R, Shore D) are also examined in detail with their erty retentions after aging. Examples of creep, stress
numerous nonequivalent methods leading to difficult relaxation, and dynamic fatigue illustrate the time
and hazardous comparisons. dependency of mechanical properties.
Chapter 8 points out the temperature-dependent Tribological behavior is examined through coef-
properties of thermoplastics with special behaviors at ficients of friction, PV factors, wear factors, Taber’s
high and low temperatures. Plastics can be softened abrasion for tribological, and general purpose
at temperatures as low as 40 °C and can be brittle at thermoplastics.
subzero temperatures or even at a few degrees above Chapter 11 can surprise designers usually work-
room temperature. ing with steels and other metals or glass. This chap-
Several tables display numerous examples of ter aims to draw attention to some aspects of the fire
glass transition temperatures, heat deflection tem- behavior of thermoplastics and requirements. Fire
peratures (HDT or DTUL A and B), general assess- regulation is overabundant and always evolving: the
ments concerning continuous use temperatures for designer has the responsibility to search elsewhere
unstressed materials. More limited examples relate specific and general rules applicable to its own
to UL relative temperature index and Vicat softening problem.
temperatures. Oxygen indexes give a rough and sometimes mis-
Low-temperature behavior is featured through leading idea of this fire sensitivity because, in the
expected minimum service temperatures (more than end, all thermoplastics can burn with usual fire dam-
200 examples). More limited examples relate to Izod ages and, in addition, smoke emission of potential
and Charpy impact tests at low temperatures and asphyxiating and corrosive gases.
brittleness. Flame-retardant (FR) solutions, which pre-
Chapter 9 is devoted to dimensional stability nega- vent a fire or limit its development, are examined
tively affected by the viscoelastic behavior, low mod- as well as actual trends related to halogen-free
ulus, high coefficient of thermal expansion (CTLE), FR suppressing emission of hydrogen halides,
water and moisture uptake, possible release of ingre- which favors a reduction of toxicity and cor-
dient, shrinkage, and warpage. Data examples of rosivity. Increasing flame, smoke, and toxicity
usual dimensional properties include CTLE, mold requirements aim at reducing smoke opacity, tox-
shrinkage, water uptake. Some effects of the struc- icity, and corrosivity. Properties of FR and general
ture, the morphology, certain additives, orientation, purpose grades (28 examples) are compared when
releasing of ingredients, relaxation, hysteresis, and possible.
so on are also briefly examined. Chapter 12 deals with the most common applica-
Sometimes it is forgotten that part sizes increase tions of thermoplastics that need electrical insula-
with temperature, which can block a device and can tion but the most demanding uses relate to more or
induce high stresses if the part has not a sufficient less conductive plastics. This chapter aims helping to
space to expand. In the same way, cold temperatures define electrical requirements that must be selected
reduce part sizes. among the most common electrical properties: Vol-
Chapter 10 points out the specific time and tem- ume resistivity, permittivity or dielectric constant, loss
perature dependency of polymer properties, atypical or dissipation factor, dielectric strength, arc resistance.
Poisson’s ratios, and particular tribological behaviors. Electrostatic dissipative compounds are compared
This chapter provides the basics and many examples to general purpose grades based on the same polymer
(21 tables) for those advanced properties. for surface or bulk resistivity or resistance.
xvi Preface

Some examples briefly highlight the effects of fre- thermoplastics from commodities up to high-tech
quency, temperature, and moisture on the main elec- resins through alloys and thermoplastic elastomers.
trical properties. Chapter 15 is about ecodesign, life-cycle assess-
At the end, a specific section gives information ment (LCA), environment, sustainability, pollution,
concerning formulation to make thermoplastics and renewability that are rising concerns for design-
conductive. ers, needing innovative thinking. Plastic sustainability
Chapter 13 is about sensory properties that are is based on native resource preservation, renewable
inevitable requirements for many applications. sources, energy saving, pollution and carbon footprint
This chapter gives experimental data and ways of reduction, recycling, end cost optimization, and so on.
thinking for optical properties, aesthetics, touch, Well-established routes relate to long-lasting
odor, noise vibration harshness (NVH), and taste parts, design optimization by modeling, weight and
transfer. Esthetics is a complex and subjective cost savings, and smart coatings. Repairing and use
characteristic depending on the shape, color, gloss, of recycled plastics save money, energy, resources,
clarity or opacity, surface quality, shaping defects, and pollution but must satisfy technical requirements
aging, and more generally people’s opinion. Deg- and comply with specific regulations.
radation of esthetics during service life can shorten Replacement of fossil polymers by bioplas-
the lifetime as for the engineering properties. tics includes thermoplastic starch, polylactic acid,
Grade selection, designing, modeling, simulation, cellulosics, aliphatic polyesters (polyhydroxyalkano-
prototyping, processing enhancement, coloration, ate, polyhydroxybutyrate), liquid wood, proprietary
decoration, and overmolding contribute to obtain a alloys, biocomposites.
satisfying aesthetics and touch. Conventional polymers synthesized from bio-
Odor, taste transfer, and NVH are other issues sourced chemical bricks offer more innovative
more or less important according to the targeted ways including, i.e., polyolefins, polyamides, ther-
application. moplastic polyesters, polyurethanes, and acrylics.
Chapter 14 defines thermoplastics (as other Reinforcement with natural fibers and additives
materials) are sensitive to chemicals, UV, light, from renewable resources contribute to higher
and weathering. The goal of this chapter is to pro- biocontents.
vide ways of thinking and practical information Thermoplastics versatility allows energy savings
helping designers to do a basic selection and a pri- during the use phase, which is pointed out through
mary rejection of thermoplastic families from this examples related to energy-efficient house, car indus-
point of view. try, and packaging.
Chemical behavior of more than 30 thermoplas- Main environmental indicators and benchmarks
tics regarding immersion of unstressed samples in relating to LCA are reviewed in relation with the
more than 60 chemicals representative of 14 chemi- impacts of polymer production, fiber production,
cal functions are overviewed (hydrocarbons, oils polymer processing, end-product manufacturing, and
and fuels, inorganic acids, organic acids, bases, recycling.
amines, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, ethers, Once again, note this book is not an encyclope-
phenols, chlorinated hydrocarbons, oxidants). dia for a definitive selection of thermoplastics but is
Basics of ESC are examined and some assess- only one of the tools aiming to help the preselection
ments are quoted for the main thermoplastics. of thermoplastics. Generally speaking, a single book
Polymers do not rust but as other organic mate- cannot cover all situations and cannot replace the
rials are sensitive to natural or artificial UV radia- intelligence of a team of designers and specialists of
tions, light, and some are also sensitive to moisture plastic. Team is the ultimate decision maker and is
and hydrolysis. After a review of the basics, assess- solely responsible for the final selection (Figures 1
ments relating to weathering concern more than 40 and 2).
Preface xvii

Performances Costs Environment Regulaons

Source of Health &

Mechanical Raw materials
materials safety

Source of Technical,
Durability Processing
energy environmental

Aesthecs Finishing Polluon Sectorial

Worldwide,
Recycling, regional, local,
Chemical Assembly
disposal private

Funcon Carbon
Miscellaneous
integraon footprint

Service costs

Figure 1 Conclusion: Main requirements concerning plastics solutions.

Technical, economic, Polymer, formulaon,

environment
processing, design,
requirements,
sustainability
regulaons

Polymer

Technical Economic

Processing

Regulaons Environment
Design

Sustainability

Figure 2 Conclusion: Main possible interactions between parameters of production and requirements.
 Disclaimer

This book is not an encyclopedia for a definitive any legal, or professional advice. The author is not
selection of thermoplastics but gathers some prop- responsible for possible technical, economic, typo-
erty data and suggests a method among others for graphical, or other errors. This book gives no warran-
the material selection for thermoplastics parts. Obvi- ties either expressed or implied.
ously, it cannot cover all cases and it is the responsi- Design, processing, and application of plastics
bility of the reader to select information relating to and composites are professional activities needing
his/her own case and to search elsewhere comple- specific skills and involving industrial and financial
mentary and corroborating information. This book risks, health hazards, toxicity, fire hazards, regulation
is only one of the tools aiming to help the preselec- conformity, etc. Readers must verify the technical
tion of thermoplastics. The reader is the only respon- data and information, the economic figures, the pos-
sible of his/her selection and, of course, he/she must sible suitability for the targeted application with their
absolutely cooperate with polymer specialists for the own suppliers of raw materials or parts, the machin-
selection of the definitive solution system. ery makers, and other current technical and economic
All the information contained in this book, col- sources. Prototypes and tests under operating condi-
lected from reliable documentation and verified as tions are essential. The reader is the sole responsible
far as possible, is aimed at experienced professional of the chosen solutions.
readers. We cannot accept responsibility for the It is the responsibility of the reader to determine
accuracy, availability, timeliness, content, or com- the appropriate use of each product, processing
pleteness of data, processing methods, machinery, method, machinery and ideas, and the compliance
information and ideas. with processing rules, safety precautions, health haz-
The characteristic data, economic figures, gen- ards, existing national laws and regulations required
eral assessments, and indications concerning all the by countries of processing, commercialization, use,
properties are not guaranteed and cannot be used for and application. The safety data, facts, and figures
calculations, computations, or other operations to herein are provided for information only and are no
determine design, cost-effectiveness, or profitability. substitute for the content of Material, Safety Data
The quoted company names, trademarks, and Web Sheet, and other information from producers, com-
sites are provided “as they are” and do not constitute pounders, converters, and other suppliers.

xix
 Acronyms and Abbreviations

5V UL Fire Rating

AAGR Average annual growth rate
ABS Acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene
ACM-V Vulcanized Acrylate Rubber
ACS Acrylonitrile chlorinated Polyethylene styrene
AES or AEPDS Acrylonitrile EPDM styrene
AMC Alkyd molding compound
ArF or AF Aramid fiber
ASA Acrylonitrile styrene acrylate
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
ATBC Acetyl tributyl citrate
ATH Aluminum trihydrate
BF Boron fiber
BMC Bulk molding compound
BMI Bismaleimide
BOD Biochemical oxygen demand
BOPLA Biaxially oriented polylactic acid
BOPP Biaxially oriented polypropylene
BRIC Brazil–Russia–India–China
CA Cellulose acetate
CAB Cellulose acetobutyrate
CAD Computer-aided design
CAGR Compound annual growth rate
CBT Cyclic Polybutadiene terephthalate
CE Cyanate ester
CF Carbon fiber
CFC Chlorofluorocarbon
CFRP Carbon fiber-reinforced plastic
CFRTP Carbon fiber-reinforced thermoPlastic
CIC Continuous impregnated compound
CM or CPE Chlorinated polyEthylene
CNT Carbon nanotube
COC or COP Cyclic olefin copolymers or Cyclic olefin polymers
COD Chemical oxygen demand
Conc. Concentrated Solution
COP or COC Cyclic olefin polymers or Cyclic olefin copolymers
COPE or TPEE Copolyester TPE
CP Cellulose propionate
CPE or CM Chlorinated polyEthylene
CPVC or PVC-C Chlorinated PVC
CS Compression set
CTI Comparative tracking index

xxi
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[Link] – and enjoy exclusive offers today.
xxii Acronyms and Abbreviations

CTLE Coefficient of thermal linear expansion

CUT Continuous use temperature Under Unstressed State
Cy Polycyanate
DAP DiAllyl phthalate
DCPD Poly(Dicyclopentadiene)
DMC Dough molding compound
DMTA Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis
DRIV Direct resin injection and venting
DSC Differential scanning calorimeter
DTA Differential thermal analysis
DWNT Double-wall nanotubes
EB Elongation at break
EBA, EGMA, EMAH, EEA, EAA Ethylene-acid and ethylene-ester copolymers, e.g., Ethylene-butylacrylate
ECO Prefix concerning ECOlogy or the environment, i.e., Eco-profile
ECTFE Ethylene monochlorotrifluoroethylene
EE, E&E Electrical and electronics
EMA Ethylene-methacrylate ionomers
EMI Electromagnetic interference
EP Epoxy
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
EPDM rubber Terpolymer ethylene, propylene, diene
EPS Expandable (or Expanded) polystyrene
ESBO Epoxidized soybean oil
ESC Environmental stress cracking
ESD Electrostatic discharge
ETFE Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene
EU European Union
EVA, E/VAC, EVAC, VAE, EVM Ethylene-vinylacetate copolymers
EVOH Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers
F-PVC Flexible PVC
FDA Food and Drug Administration
FEP Fluorinated ethylene propylene
FIM Film insert molding
FR Fire retardant
GB Glass bead
GF Glass fiber
GFRP Glass fiber-reinforced plastic
GFRTP Glass fiber-reinforced thermoplastic
GHG Greenhouse gas
GMT Glass mat thermoplastic
GWI Glow wire ignition
GWP Global warming potential
HB UL fire rating
HDPE or PE HD High-density polyethylene
HDT Heat deflection temperature
HFFR Halogen-free fire-retardant
HIPS High impact PS
HPGF High-performance short glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene
HSCT High speed civil transport (aircraft)
HTPC Hybrid thermoplastic composite
HTV High temperature vulcanization
Acronyms and Abbreviations xxiii

HVAC Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning

HWI Hot wire ignition
ICP Inherently conductive polymer
IDP Inherently dissipative polymer
ILSS Interlaminar shear strength
IMC In-mold coating
IMD In-mold decoration
IML In-mold labeling
IPN Interpenetrating polymer network
IRHD International rubber hardness
IRM International referee material
ISO International standardization organization
LCA Life-cycle assessment
LCI Life-cycle inventory
LCP Liquid crystal polymer
LCTC Low-cost tooling for composites
LDPE or PE LD Low-density polyethylene
LED Light-emitting diode
LEFM Linear elastic fracture mechanics
LFRT Long fiber-reinforced thermoplastic
LFT Long fiber-reinforced thermoplastic
LGF Long glass fiber
LIM Liquid injection molding
LLDPE Linear low-density polyethylene
LOI Limiting oxygen index
LRI Liquid resin infusion
LRTM Light RTM
LSR Liquid silicone rubber
LWRT Lightweight-reinforced thermoplastic
MABS Methylmethacrylate–acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene
MAH Maleic anhydride
MBS Methyl methacrylate–butadiene–styrene
MDPE Medium-density polyethylene
MF Melamine
MFI Melt flow index
MPR Melt processable rubber (TPE)
MVTR Moisture vapor transmission rate
MWNT Multiwalled carbon nanotubes
NB No break
NF Natural fiber
NOx Nitrous oxides
NVH Noise vibration harshness
O&M Organization and methods department
OIT Oxygen induction time
OLED Organic light-emitting diode
OPET Oriented PET
OPP Oriented PP
OPS Oriented PS
OTR Oxygen transmission rate
PA Polyamide
PA-T Transparent amorphous polyamide
xxiv Acronyms and Abbreviations

PAA Polyarylamide
PAI Polyamide imide
PAEK Polyaryletherketone
PAN Polyacrylonitrile
PAS Polyarylsulfone
PB Polybutene-1 or Polybutylene-1
PBB Polybrominated biphenyls
PBDE Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
PBI Polybenzimidazole
PBO Polyphenylenebenzooxazole
PBT or PBTP Polybutyleneterephthalate
PC Polycarbonate
PCB Printed circuit board
PC-HT Polycarbonate—high temperature
PCL Polycaprolactone
PCT Polycyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate
PCTA Terephthalate/isophthalate
PCTFE Polychlorotrifluoroethylene
PCTG Polycyclohexylene-dimethylenediol/ethyleneglycol terephthalate
PDMS Polydimethylsiloxane
PE Polyethylene
PEAA Polyethylene acrylic acid
PEAR Polyetheramide resin
PEBA Polyether block amide
PECVD Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
PEEK Polyetherether ketone
PEF Polyethylene furanoate
PEG Polyethylene glycol
PEI Polyetherimide
PEK Polyetherketone
PEKK Polyetherketoneketone
PEN Polyethylene naphthalenedicarboxylate
PES or PESU Polyethersulfone
PET or PETP Polyethylene terephthalate
PETG Polyethylene glycol modified
PETI Phenylethynyl with imide terminations
PEX Cross-linked polyethylene
PF Phenolic resin
PF1Ax PF general purpose, ammonia-free
PF2Cx PF heat-resistant, glass fiber-reinforced
PF2Dx PF impact-resistant, cotton-filled
PF2E1 PF mica-filled
PFA Perfluoroalkoxy
PGA Polyglycolic acid
PHA Polyhydroxyalkanoate
PHB Polyhydroxybutyrate
PHBH Polyhydroxybutyrate-hexanoate
PHBV Polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate
PHV Polyhydroxyvalerate
PI Polyimide
PIR Polyisocyanurate
Acronyms and Abbreviations xxv

PK Polyketone
PLA Polylactic acid
PMI Polymethacrylimide
PMMA Poly methylmethacrylate
PMP Polymethylpentene
PO Polyolefin
POE Polyolefin elastomer
POM Polyoxymethylene or Polyacetal
POP Polyolefin plastomer
POSS Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane
PP Polypropylene
PPA Polyphthalamide
PPE Polyphenylene ether
PP/EPDM Unvulcanized EPDM blended with polypropylene or block copolymerized
PP-EPDM (reactor TPO)—(TPE) (TPO)
PP/EPDM-V Vulcanized EPDM dispersed in polypropylene (TPE) (TPV)
PP/IIR-V Vulcanized butyl rubber dispersed in polypropylene (TPE) (TPV)
PP/NBR-V Vulcanized nitrile rubber dispersed in polypropylene (TPE) (TPV)
PPO Polyphenylene oxide
PPS Polyphenylene sulfide
PPSU Polyphenylenesulfone
PPT or PTMT or PTT Polypropylene terephthalate
Prepreg Preimpregnated
PS Polystyrene
PSU Polysulfone
PS-X or XPS Cross-linked polystyrene
PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
PTMT or PBT Polytetramethylene terephthalate or Polybutyleneterephthalate
PTMT or PPT or PTT Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)
PTT Polytrimethylene terephthalate
PUR Polyurethane
PV Pressure*velocity
PVA or PVAL or PVOH Polyvinyl alcohol
PVAC Polyvinyl acetate
PVAL or PVA or PVOH Polyvinyl alcohol
PVB Polyvinyl butyrate
PVC Polyvinyl chloride
PVDC Polyvinylidene chloride
PVC-C or CPVC Chlorinated PVC
PVC-U Unplasticized PVC
PVDF Polyvinylidene fluoride
PVF Polyvinyl fluoride
PVOH or PVAL or PVA Polyvinyl alcohol
r Recycled, i.e., rPET, rPP
REACH Registration Evaluation Authorization and Restriction of CHemicals
RF Radio frequency
RFI Resin film impregnation
RH Relative humidity or hygrometry
RIM Reaction injection molding
RIRM Resin injection recirculation molding
RoHS Restriction of hazardous substances
xxvi Acronyms and Abbreviations

RP Reinforced plastic
RRIM Reinforced reaction injection molding
RT Room temperature
RTI Relative thermal index
RTM Resin transfer molding
RTP Reinforced thermoplastic
RTV Room temperature vulcanization
SAN Styrene acrylonitrile
SAP Super absorbent polymer
SATUR Saturated solution
SB Styrene butadiene
SBC Styrenic block copolymer
SBS Styrene–butadiene–styrene (TPE)
SCRIMP Seeman’s composite resin infusion molding process
SEBS Styrene ethylene/butylene styrene (TPE)
SEPS Styrene ethylene/propylene styrene (TPE)
SFRT Short fiber-reinforced thermoplastic
SGF Short glass fiber
Si Silicium
Si Silicone
SiOx Silicon oxide
SIS Styrene isoprene styrene (TPE)
SMA Styrene maleic anhydride
SMC Sheet molding compound
SMMA Styrene-methyl methacrylate
SN curve Plot of stress or strain (S) leading to failure after N cycles of repeated loading
SOL Solution
SP-polyimides Condensation polyimides
SPC Statistical process control
SPDF Super plastic diaphragm forming
SR Self-reinforced
SRRIM Structural (reinforced) resin injection molding
SWNT Single-walled carbon nanotubes
TAC Triallyl cyanurate
TDI Toluene-2,4-disocyanate
TFE Tetrafluoroethylene
Tg Glass transition temperature
TGA Thermogravimetric analysis
TGV High-speed train
TMC Thick molding compound
toe Ton of oil equivalent
TP Thermoplastic
TPE Thermoplastic elastomer
TPE/PVC PVC-based TPE, alloys of PVC and rubber (TPE) (TPO or TPV)
TPEE or COPE Thermoplastic elastomer ester
TPI Thermoplastic imide
TPO Thermoplastic olefin
TPR Thermoplastic rubber
TPS Thermoplastic styrenic
TP/Si-V TPV of a vulcanized silicone rubber dispersed in a thermoplastic phase
TPU Thermoplastic polyurethane
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Acronyms and Abbreviations xxvii

TPV Thermoplastic vulcanizate

TR Temperature-retraction procedure
TS Tensile strength
UD Unidirectional composite
UF Urea-formaldehyde
UHMWPE or PE-UHMW Ultrahigh molecular weight PE
UL Underwriters laboratories
Unkn. Unknown
UP Unsaturated polyester
USB United Soybean Board
UV Ultraviolet
V0 to V2 UL fire rating
VAE Ethylene-vinylacetate copolymers
VARI Vacuum-assisted resin injection
VARTM Vacuum-assisted RTM
VE Vinylester
VGCNF Vapor-grown carbon nanofibers
VIP Vacuum infusion process
VOC Volatile organic compounds
VST Vicat softening temperature
WPC Wood plastic composite
XLPE Cross-linked LDPE
XPE or PEX Cross-linked polyethylene
XPS or PS-X Cross-linked polystyrene
ZMC A highly automated process using molding compounds
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EM 3-2340 —.Lawrence (Lakeshore Furniture Exchange) h 6
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3443 Arshawsky A I dentist 209, 600 Bay EM 6-4505 r 40 College RA
5171 Arsman Leo r 82 Bleecker Arsnault Ralph r 19 Homewood av
PR 5022 Arsneau Angus J emp Natl Painters h 121 Tro’well av (Silv)
LY 6776 Arssar Alex chef Honey Dew Rest h 470 Montrose av LA
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Advertising & Letter Service Ltd J Gentle pres 435-438, 73 Adelaide
w EM 6-3326 --Anne Mrs h 67 Regent (Silv) MU 9711 — Associates
Ltd Rolfe Pryne pres Chas H Miller vice-pres Ross Miller sec-treas
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Cooper) hairdresser 725 Danforth av GL 4151 — Bookbinding &
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— Chemical Products Co (Division Kelton Corp) modelling clay 320
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pres Walter G Travers vice-pres, sectreas & mgr 148 St Patrick EM 4-
2123-4 — Design Service (Jim Collier, Mac Houston & Roy Walters)
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Co (Philip Cheevers) 203 Church --Farm Produce (Alex Pelech) 563
Queen w WA 5957 — Fashion Cloak Co (Marvin Rosen) coats & suits
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Louis Mayzel) ladies wear 1158 St Clair av w ME 6215 br 536 Queen
w WA 8497 & WA 7537 . — Gallery of Toronto Martin Baldwin dir
317 Dundas w EM 3-4388 — Gold & Silver Stamping Co (Harry
Rosen) 1st fir, 47 Wellington e WA 9307 --Hat & Novelty Co (Mrs
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pres H W Gray mgr drawing materials etc 36 Adelaide w EM 3-7241
— Needlework Linen Shop (Moore Mitchell) 26 Bloor e KI 9712 —
Paint & Wall Paper Store (Harold & Sami Isenberg) 778-780 College
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5252 —Sales (Archie Laager) 11, 18 Grenville RA 4915 --Shoe Repair
(Arthur Boshier) 4 Wellesley w --Shoe Store (Harold Mayzel) 530
Queen w WA 5581 — Shoppe (Leon Offman) upholstering 2135-
2141 Yonge MA 7631 — Stamp & Seal Co (Jacob Klein) rubber
stamps 1, 356 Bay EM 4-0922 — Tailoring Co, The (Demitro Goy)
726 Queen w EM 4-7040 — Theresia elk Mutual Benefit r 47 Berwick
av --Thos H cond CNR r 6 Sorauren av LA 2364 — Venetian Blind Co
(Frank Lewis) 387 Clinton LL 9249 — Weaving Co (Margt Palmer)
invisible mending & cleaning 8 Pauline av KE 5764 --Wire & Iron Co
Ltd Chas R Shipway jr_pres D B Shipway vice-pres Roy F Armstrong
sec-treas ornamental iron 3 Carlaw av GE 5977 & RI 1825 --Works
(E Arento, E Lindholm, P Hyttinen & V Kuusisto) oil paintings &
picture frames etc 1st fir, 375 Church — & Sams Laundry (Art Chong
& Tong Sam) 106 Main Art’s Barber Shop (Arthur Hicks) 435 Rogers
rd (Silv) --Cigar Store (Arthur Gambriell) 3439 Bathurst (Nth Y) OR
6166 --Credit Jewellery (Arthur Jacobs) 452J Yonge MI 1971 br 34
Queen e EM 6-1062 — Economy Store (Arthur Caplan) grocer 456
Oakwood av (Frbk) OR 6700 --Painting Service (Arthur Davidson)
104 Pembroke MI 0677 --Service Station (Arthur H Neundorf) 483
Sammon av (E Y) HA 3736 — Smoke Shop (Arthur E Lamb) 3060A
Bloor (Kngswy Pk) MU 1961 --Snack Bar (Arthur Young) 327
Oakwood av (Oak) OR 0082 --Taxi (Phillip Racko) 481 Vaughan rd
(Frbk) RE 4400 Artan Bridal Products (Arthur Harris) importers 385
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129 Spadina av WA 4 188 —Shoppe (Arthur F Byworth) wire goods
101, 60 Colborne EM 4-6804 — Signs & Showcards (S R Brooks)
advertising display 48 Duncan EM 6-3633 Arteau Chas R furn fnshr h
52 Argyle KE 6147 Arter Clifford roofer r 90 Millwood rd — Jas W L
space buyer MacLaren Adv h 146 Fallingbrook rd (Scar) GR 0659
Artemiuk Larissa typist Thompson, Ahern & Co r 176 Robert MI 3705
Artex Woollens Ltd Harold S Leybourne pres textiles 1st fir, 366
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Arthur A Gilbert comp Atwell Fleming Printing h 124 L'ippincott RA
7623 --Adelaide A r 359 Kingston rd HO 5254 —Albt G emp Ont
Hydro h 236 Wychwood av (Wych) OL 2488 --Alex J h 148 Edna av
— Alex J ctr Eatons h 90 Roslin av HY 3385 --Alex W sec-treas T
Arthur Ltd h 46 Glenvale blvd (Leas) MA 5043 --Alison (wid Robt R)
h 41 Henning av MO 1417 — Anne J priv sec Borden, Elliot, Kelley,
Palmer & Sankey r 65 Hillsdale av w MO 1859 — Arthur H vice-pres
& genl mgr Cement Enamel (Canada) Ltd h 369 Castlefield av HU
8578 — Bernard r 81 Bicknell av (Silv) JU 1753 —Bertram R tchr
Brock Av Schl h 92 Holwood av (Silv) RO 2115 — C Raymond
actuarial dept Natl Life Assce h 20 Martin rd --Chas J druggist G
Tamblyn h 82 Sprucehill rd HO 4727 --Chester A instrumentmn CNR
h 20 Idyllwood cres MU 5616 --David bkr Can Bread r 158 Yarmouth
rd LO 2229 --Douglas assmblr Underwood Elliott Fisher Mfg r 342
Howland av LA 0572 — Douglas teletype opr Candn Press h 40, 34
Heydon Pk rd LO 6056 — Douglas R set-up man Candn Acme Screw
& Gear h 46 Chiswick (Nth Y) --Earl R emp Colgate -Pa lmolive-Peet r
39 Sibley av (E Y) GR 3341 --Eric R (Fleury & Arthur) h 20 Montclair
av HU 3885 — Ernest h 306 Westmoreland av --Evelyn H typist
Candn Underwriters’ Assn r 359 Kingston rd HO 5254 — Evelyn M
(wid Wm) r 95 West Lodge av LA 4568 --Forrest h 277 High Park av
JU 4757 — Frances M tchr Brown Schl h 3, 54 Admiral rd — Frank J
assessor Income Tax h 116 Parkhurst blvd (Leas) MO 3632 --Fred J
with Imp Bank of Can h 16 Hammersmith av GR 2776 --G A with
Can Packers res 21 Benson av (Pt Credit) --Geo r 557 Broadway av
(Leas) HU 3816 — Geo drvr Can Steamship Lines h 158 Virginia av
(E Y) OX 7709 --Geo engineer Eatons h 97 Perth av — Geo C sis elk
Eatons r 236 Wychwood av (Wych) OL 2488 — Geo J musician r 52
Roseheath av RI 7166 — Geraldine studt r 148 Edna av — Gordon A
servicemn Wayne Pump r 39 Rosethorn av JU 1515 --Gordon D bldr
h 529 Victoria Pk av (Scar) GR 1247 —Irene Mrs emp Hosp for Sick
Children h 1, 619A CoHege ME 5820 --Isabella (wid Thos M) h 277
High Park av JU 4757 — Isabelle assmblr Rogers Majestic Ltd r 14
Bain av HA 9080 --J W S group rep Confed Life Assn r 364 Hillcrest
av (Willcwdale) --Jack div mgr Famous Players h 64 Cheltenham av
MA 6009 --Jack F h 843 Cosburn av (E Y) HO 7156 --Jas assmblr
Wilson Motor Bodies r 244 Brown’s Line (Alderwood) --Jas brklyr
Pigott Constn Co h 14 Bain av HA 9080 — Jas cartage agt h 6
Mountview av JU 5184 --Jas opr TTC h 52 Roseheath av RI 7166 --
Jas H mach opr Natl Carbon r 649 Davenport rd KE 4318 — Jean
studt r 20 Montclair av HU 3885 — Jean Mrs r 926 Dover court rd KE
9246 — John r 264 Roselawn av MO 5660 --John carp h 39 Sl-bley
av (E Y) GR 3341 — John emp CPR h 16 Sherwood av HU 2108 --
John E Customs & Excise h 359 Kingston rd HO 5254 --John G (Peat,
Marwick, Mitchell & Co) h 39 Bessborough dr (Leas) MA 1554 --John
I acct Bank of Tor h 81 Braes ide rd MO 7707 — Joyce M Mrs typist
Ont Club r 74 Lindsey av --Kelvin M acct Herbert Hosiery h 11 Judith
dr (E Y) GE 7592 — Laura M asst to dir Candn Red Cross Soc r 277
High Park av — Lawrence H T Customs and Excise h 98 Grey rd (Nth
Y) OR 1894 --Lillian r 14 Wyatt av —Marvin E S serviceman Safety
Supply Co h 12 Morland rd (Rnny) LY 8356 — Mary Mrs (The Weston
Wool Shop) r 156 Queen’s dr (Wstn) --Mary Mrs elk Houlding
Knitwear Ltd r 39 Sibley av GR 3341 --Mary N Mrs h 315 Laird dr
(Leas) MA 9727 — May J Mrs pekr Weston’s Bakeries r 885
Davenport rd — Muriel L studt r 148 Edna av --N Miss h 310, 262
Jarvis — Norman with Underwood Ltd res Pickering — Paul r 20
Montclair av HU 3885 — Percival T emp Levy Auto Parts r 447
Lansdowne av LL 8026 --Phyllis elk Gas Co r 2801 Kingston rd (Bch
C) — Press, The (Alfred H Thorn) printing 76 Main s (Wstn) —Robt
mgr T Arthur Ltd h 8 Richlea Circle n (Leas) HU 0456 --Robt J
roadmn United Shoe Mach h 10 Elmview av (Willowdale) — Robt R
patrol sgt Village of Long Branch h 8 Thirty-Fifth (Long B) — Rolph h
99 Claremore rd (Scar)
 ART ARTHUR ARTHUR --Ronald A slsmn Whites Hardware r
16 Sherwood av HU 2108 — Rose charwoman r 1023 Dufferin —Roy
timekpr Colgate-Palmolive-Peet r 39 Sibley av (E Y) — Stanley slsmn
Superior Electric Supply h 97 Arundel av GE 3530 — T Ltd Robt
Arthur m^r Thos J Arthur sis mgr Alex W Arthur sec-treas meat
packers 952 Millwood rd (Leas) HY 2135 —Thelma Mrs slsldy Eatons
r 495 St Clarens av ME 8896 - -Thos h 287 Indian gr XU 2446 --Thos
drvr Crown Taxi h 819 Gladstone av OL 2879 —Thos J sis mgr T
Arthur Ltd h 339 Bessborough dr (Leas) HU 7428 — Wm jr drftsmn
Thor-Candn r 74 Lindsey av KE 0867 — Wm foremn Thor-Candn h
74 Lindsey av KE 0867 — Wm prsr r 1023 Dufferin --Wm serv mgr
City Buick Pontiac h 31, 8 Pell (Scar) — Wm H carp Cloke Constn Co
h 154 Glen Albert dr (E Y) OX 1630 — & Hounsell (Albt Archer & Albt
H Hounsell) cleaning & pressing 3038 Dundas w JU 8851 Arthurs A
Zella sec Ont Hydro r 33 Sylvan av LO 9046 --Arthur slsmn h 206,
2100 Bathurst (Fst H) OR 2742 — Clarence layer-out Disher Steel r
185 Riverdale av HA 8792 — Clinton constable Ont Prov Police r 725
Cosburn av (E Y) --Donald W elk Tor Carpet h 32, 414 Jarvis KI 6349
— Edwd mech Tor Harbour Commn h 220 Westwood av (E Y) HA
9378 — Edwd shpr h 3, 378B Markham — Elizth (wid Robt) h 185
Riverdale av HA 8792 —Ernest elk Anaconda Amer Brass h 64
Twelfth (New T) — Geo M asst mgr Lake Shore Lumber r 113 Evans
av --Gerald W elk Public Trustee of Ont h 430 Empress av
(Willowdale) — Helen priv sec Dept of Planning & Development r
628 Huron MI 7023 — J Co (Arthur Israel) food brokers & importers
510, 32-34 Front w EM 3-54 09 — J W hlpr Dept of Highways (Prov)
r 279 George — Jacqueline sec Genl Foods r 36 Norton av
(Willowdale) — Jas slsmn Paint Supply Co h 62 Stibbard av HY 1035
--Jas J diamond setter Excellent Jwlry h 218 Westwood av (EY) GL
4118 --John M office boy Star r 545 Strathmore blvd GR 2011 —
John S comp Star h 545 Strathmore blvd GR 2011 — Jones Ltd
Clarence M Jones pres prntrs, pblshrs & bookbinders 585-7 Adelaide
w WA 2705 --Kathleen stenog Chateau-Gai Wines r 41, 122 Dowling
av LO 3196 —Leon patent attorney 309-310, 6 Adelaide e EM 4-
1547 r 20 Northcliffe blvd LL 1354 --Margt (wid Wm) r 318 Beresford
av LY 3543 --Marlene I insp Perfect Circle r 989 Logan av —Molly J
ldgrkpr Dom Bank r 725 Cosburn av (E Y) --Myrtle L r 2097 Avenue
rd n (Nth Y) HU 0170 — Norman J advertising mgr Westman
Publications h 333 Sheppard av e (Nth Y) --Norman J barber 14
Toronto Arcade h 6 Ferrier av HA 7477 — Phyllis Mrs wire wkr Florist
Wire Works r 23 Victor av GE 8292 --Robt G phy 101, 262 St Clair av
w RA 7625 h 484 Broadway av (Leas) MA 5956 —Robt K elk P O r 65
St George — Victor R acct Liquor Control Bd of Ont h 14, 23 Jane LY
1976 --W Gerald agt Metro Life h 77 Westdale dr (Nth Y) Artibello
Frank h 478 Northcliffe blvd (Frbk) RE 3901 --Frank L foremn
Friendly Roofing Co h 14 St Paul EM 4-7979 —John fashion dsgnr
2363 Yonge HY 0081 r 478 Northcliffe blvd (Frbk) RE 3901 --Lena
slsldy John Artibello r 478 Northcliffe blvd (Frbk) RE 3901
Artieumiew Vasil balermn Buscombe & Dodds r 140 Robert Artindale
Ervin T foremn Wayne Pump h 125 Vaughan rd (Wych) LA 2019
Artinger Adolph emp York Knitting Mills r 461 Willard av --Rudolph
caretkr h 695-7 Spadina av KI 0786 Artis Gifts & Jewellery (Chas
Vlack) 544 Dundas w TR 1473 Artisans, The (Jewel R Schwartz)
crafts 51 Gerrard w EM 6-4442 Artist’s Work Shop (Barbara Wells)
art classes 1, 519 Jarvis Artistic Barber Shop (Alf Cisterna & F
Dibello) 499 St Clair av w —Beauty Shop (Philip Goldman) 219
Roncesvalles av KE 4731 --Blenders (N Estrin, J Siegel & Percy
Shiner) fur dyers 2nd fir, 58-60 Stewart WA 5938 --Furs (M Brown)
36 Toronto Arcade EM 4-6637 —Jewellery Co (Chas Fejer) costume
jwlry 2nd fir, 193-5 Spadina av EM 4-8393 — Ladies Wear (Ann
Biderman) 1068 St Clair av w KE 3660 --Line Greeting Cards
(Norman & Donald McMichael) 4 Lessard (H Crest) LY 1214
ARTISTIC --Picture Framing (Dominic Carito) main fir, 124-8
Richmond w EM 3-4782 --Stationery Co Ltd W J Ehmann pres J M
Ehmann vice-pres embossers & engravers 1st & 2nd fir, 42
Wellington e EM 4-4050 --Weavers (Cecelia Pfeffer) invisible
mending 2, 207 CoHege RA 3641 Artists’ Supply Co Ltd Bertram R
Graham pres Frank E P Arnott vice-pres artists & schl supplies 3rd fir,
40-42 Lombard EM 3-8351 Artkin Catherine A ldgrkpr Bank of Tor r
727 Millwood rd (Leas) MA 6791 — Marie E Mrs h 727 Millwood rd
(Leas) MA 6791 --Wm H slsmn Danforth Radio h 7 Hoyle av MO
8745 Artkino Pictures (Canada) Ltd L Clavir pres motion pictures 2nd
fir, 74 King e EM 6-8561 Artkins Clifford emp Eatons r 684 Woodbine
av HO 2902 Artland Studio (John S Stewart) 2550 Eglinton av w
(Silv) MU 4400 Artley Edison M trk despatcher John T Hepburn Ltd
res Unionville --Russel emp Dom Stores r 26 Erskine av MA 9962 --
Thos E opr Curtis Lighting h 8 Wascana av EM 4-2756 Artman
Nelson h 269-271 Jarvis MI 0433 Artner Annie r 63 Buttonwood av
(Mt D) JU 5766 — Anthony gdnr h 63 Buttonwood av (Mt D) JU 5766
--Dick elk Plate and Structural Steel r 57 Walmer rd — John gdnr r
63 Buttonwood av (Mt D) JU 5766 --Mary r 63 Buttonwood av (Mt D)
JU 5766 Arts Club, The V E Taplin treas 12 Asquith av KI 9600 --
Harry gdnr Albert Floral Conservatory r 22 Patterson av (Scar) GR
4034 — Maurice ctr Colquhouns Scottish Fur House h 160 Hampton
av GE 0890 --Photo Studio (Leszek Pilacinski) photo 780 Queen w
EM 4-7994 — & Letters Club, The Gilbert E Jackson pres John Beatty
mgr Augustus Bridle sec Geo J Me Mur trie treas 14-16 Elm Artshade
John emp TTC r 75 Grant Artt Herbt lab r 132 Seaton. EM 3-6007 --
Romney r 108 Seaton — Wm T 1 c P O h 123 Tyndall av Artuchor
Jacob h 12 Draper EM 3-4940 — Maria r 12 Draper EM 3-4940 —
Modest r 12 Draper EM 3-4940 Artuchovs Alexandra typist Nesbitt,
Thomson & Co r 12 Draper Artur Josephine r 74 Lindsey av KE 0867
Arturi Ernest brklyr Curatolo & Cascone Contrs h 946 Shaw KE 5442
Artuso Adolfino lab h 103 Chandos av LL 3078 — Agostino pntr h 64
Brandon av LO 1067 — Bruno studt r 64 Brandon av LO 1067 —
Ermenegildo emp DeSpirt Mosaic & Marble Co h 1336 Dupont KE
9967 — Gelando brklyr h 103 Chandos a v LL 3078 Artwohl Joseph
pntr h 12 Hillard av (Silv) LY 0147 Artym Walter bkr h 35 Pearson av
LO 6721 A ruck John prsr Acme Cloak h 87 Sydenham Arukae Helmi
Mrs cook Eatons r 504 Crawford Arunas Balays lab Simpsons r 9
Irene av KE 7593 Arundel John shpr CGE h 362 McRoberts av (Frbk)
RE 4714 Arundell Arthur W H elk Noranda Mines h 2 Winsloe av
(Leas) HU 3604 Arus Hans J emp Abitibi Power & Paper r 315
Sunnyside av LO 7163 Aruvald Lydia Mrs elk Mnfrs Life r 165
Jameson avenue Arvay Andrew lab CGE r 353 Pacific av MU 5175
Arvelin Robt W steelwkr Dom Bridge r 975 Dupont --Sylvia (Princess
Specialty Shop) r 103A Roncesvalles av Arvids Indars tire blvd
Goodyear Tire r 194 Concord av Arvo Veli artist Theatrical Display
Studio r 17 Stephenson av Arvon Beauty Salon (Estelle Graff & Helen
Fruchtman) hairdressers 388 Arlington av (C ’Vale) LA 1065 Arway
Harry h 429 Westmount av (Frbk) Arwood Eric wrehsemn Multiple
Sales h 302, 1 Harbord RA 9833 --Sarah (wid Wm) r 302, 1 Harbord
RA 9833 Arwright Violet r 18 C
 ASHBRIDGE --Jessica Mrs h 2078A Queen e --Mabel (wid
Wellington T) h 1444 Queen e HA 4085 — Roy mech Oil Heating
Serv res West Hill — Ruth O h 42 Scarboro cres (Scar) --Sarah r 42
Scarboro cres (Scar) ~Wm E emp Candn Comstock h 98 Auburn av
LA 2706 Ashbrook Edith Mrs stenog Fibre Soap Co res Highland
Creek Ashburn Addison h 554 Runnymede rd MU 9131 ♦Ashbury see
also Asbury --Bernard h 627 Euclid av LA 0385 --Catherine Mrs elk
Eatons r 11 Fernwood Pk av GR 5159 --Doris I elk Dept of Health
(Prov) r 480 Brunswick av KI 6933 --Edythe B teller Bank of Mont r
20 Gerrard e --Elizth K stenog CNR r 20 Gerrard e — Frank bottle
washer Rock & Rye r 27 Dunkirk rd (E Y) GR 2692 --Harold F (Rock
& Rye) h 27 Dunkirk rd (E Y) GR 2692 --Ivan H asst comptroller CGE
h 163 The Kingsway (Kngswy Pk) JU 1511 --Jack drvr O’Keefe’s
Brewery h 129 Gilmour av MU 0920 --Laura Mrs h 21 Abbott av MU
1352 --Lloyd J reporter Morning Journal r 11 Fernwood Pk av GR
5159 — Margt r 4 Palmer av (E Y) GR 3810 --May Mrs hsekpr h 11
Fernwood Pk av GR 5159 —Nelson sis elk Eatons h 274 Wychwood
av (Wych) LL 9286 —Robt ydmn CNR r 21 Abbott av MU 1352 —
Robt D emp CNR r 22 Metcalfe PR 3859 --Roy E studt r 11 Fernwood
Pk av GR 5159 --Stephen emp Gutta Percha r 64 Brock av Ashby Albt
h 117 Carlaw av GL 5049 —Albt lab Swansea Block h 38 Lavinia av
(Swan) MU 0732 --Albt E night wtchmn Imp Optical h 290 Oak Park
av (E Y) HO 5312 --Albt E pattern mkr Silknit h 795 Carlaw av GL
2873 —Alice (wid Frank) r 234 Atlas av (Oak) KE 6879 — Arthur J r
22 Mackay av LL 8012 --Arthur J maint foremn Minneapolis -
Honeywell Regulator h 6 Glen Edyth dr MI 1741 — Audrey R off elk
Eatons r 1, 1047 Bloor w LA 3067 --Bernard r 112 Annette LY 8598 -
-Betty r 582 Spadina av RA 9531 --Catherine h 43 Pape av HA 0213
— Chas emp Loblaws r 1226 Broadview av (E Y) — Chas prntr r 218
Victor av GL 1777 --Chas trk drvr Alexander’s h 7 Ivy av HA 7820 —
Donald C payroll elk Can Bldg Materials r 795 Carlaw av GL 2873 —
Dorothy typist Candn Westinghouse r 1, 1047 Bloor w LA 3067 —
Edmund R with Len Blachford h 8, 2345 Yonge MO 8080 --Edna M
Mrs (The Little Folks Shop) h 2350 Bloor w MU 6181 — Edwd W
(Danforth Bowling) h 57 Browning av GE 3533 --Elizth tel opr Eatons
r 582 Spadina av — Erie stmftr Brown Constn Co h 86 Glenside av RI
2913 --Etta E Mrs bkpr F P Weaver Coal r 59 Regina av (Nth Y) --
Francis C mgr lamp div advertising CGE h 234 Atlas av (Oak) KE
6879 — Fredk foremn Midland Whitewear & Costume h 183 Lawlor
av HO 4907 --Geo servicemn Jos A Lobraico h 1, 19 Er indale av GE
9195 --Geo S tool & die mkr h 61 Ash cres (Long B) --Gladys r 11,
19 Erindale av GL 2939 --Harold F slsmn Natl Cash Register h 3, 313
Lonsdale rd (Fst H) MO 7935 --Harold H shpr Eatons r 190 Ellis av
(Swan) JU 4985 --Harry officer S A h 17 Iona av HO 8445 --Isobel
(wid Arthur) h 77 St Claira v e KI 3522 --Jas emp Frigidaire Products
of Can r 214 Milverton blvd HA 7981 --John A die setter Steel Co of
Can h 197 Windermere av (Swan) LY 0218 --John C suprvsr P O res
R R #1 York Mills --John F slsmn Cotton Threads Ltd h 26 Oswald
cres HU 4453 --Joseph handymn Burdocks r 1037 Woodbine av HO
4381 --Katherine r 3, 313 Lonsdale rd (Fst H) .MO 7935 --Leslie
porter Consolidated Press h 18 Boothroyd av HA 2370 --Lillian r 32
MacKay av KE 3052 — Lillian Mrs nursing asst Tor Western Hosp r 12
Blythwood gdns --Lorraine Mrs emp Frigidaire Products of Can h 214
Milverton blvd HA 7981 --Mabel acct McCarthy & McCarthy r 255
South Kingsway (Swan) MU 3901 --Margt slsldy Little Shop Around
the Corner r 7, 311 Tweedsmuir av (Wych) MI 1305 --Margt priv sec
Manley & Ford r 26 Glenlake av --Marjorie Mrb opr Ajax-doret Metal
Products r 2 Chandos --Marjorie E Mrs stenog Lowe, Donald (Can)
Ltd r 61 Ash cres (Long B) --Minnie M h 255 Kingsway s (Swan) MU
3901 --Nellie emp Simpsons r 187 Riverdale av HA 3829 —Nellie Mrs
h 11, 19 Erindale av GL 2939 --Norma sis elk Eatons r 5, 2665 Bloor
w --Norman estimator Eatons r 9 Uplands av (Scar) —Richd trk drvr
Bryco Oil h 26 Grove av LL 4938 --Robt emp York Garage h 70
Jackman av GE 1859 --Robt wrehsemn Brewers Warehousing h 565
Jones av HA 9879 —Teresa h 11 Winchester PR 2794 — Thos
boilermkr CGE h 32 Mackay av KE 3052 i --Thos E suprvsr Dunlop
Tire h 51 Coady av GL 5142 ASHBY — V W mgr Barclays Trust Co of
Can r 2665 Bloor w — Wm h 1226 Broadview av (E Y) — Wm elk
Ont Hydro r 72 Strathcona av GE 5003 — Wm serv stn attdt h 18
Newman av (E Y) OX 3493 — Wm supt h 104, 1520 Bathurst (Wych)
LL 6891 --Wm E photo -engraver Brigdens h 1, 1047 Bloor w LA
3067 — Wm T apprentice Brigdens r 1, 1047 Bloor w LA 3067
Ashcroft Albt wtchmn Can Malt h 143 King Edward av (E Y) GR 2531
--Clara h 58 Rivercourt blvd (E Y) HA 1865 --Harry r 159 Hampton av
HA 6196 — Henry r 134 Rosethorn av MU 1512 — Hilda hsekpr r 19
Indian gr ME 4065 — Jas r 166 The Queensway (H Bay) --Mary (wid
Thos) r 359 Cedarvale av (E Y) --Mary (wid Thos) r 60 Dover court
rd --Nellie bndry wkr Atwell Fleming Prntg h 85, 1621 Queen w --
Richd M h 297 Parliament Ashdale Market (Stanley Paluch) btch &
gro 103 Ashdale av HA 6588 Ashdown A John drftsmn City Hall r 59
Hannaford GR 5802 — Alfred T swtchbd opr Ont Motor League h 71
Dentonia Pk av (E Y) GR 9367 — Arthur J engineer’s asst Dept of
City Planning r 59 Hannaford --Clara J Mrs weigher Neilsons r 71 Roe
av MA 9851 --Cliff apprentice Mathews on Hardware r 35 Harcourt
av HA 4647 — Dorothy R artist Aikin & McCracken r 29y Glebeholme
blvd HA 9727 --Edith C off elk Tor Carpet h 150 Springhurst av LA
2276 --Edwd H slsmn h 6 Tennis cres GL 1276 --Elizth (wid Thos) h
40 McMurray av LY 6348 --Ethel M receptionist American Can h 3,
240 Northcliffe blvd (Oak) ME 3820 — Florence (wid Henry) pekr A &
P r 175 Oakwood av (Oak) KE 7545 — Geo H foremn Mathewson
Hardware h 35 Harcourt av HA 4647 --Glen S electrical engineer Ont
Hydro h 58 Presteign av (E Y) GR 2303 — H Geo sec-treas Ashdown
Johnson Ltd h 299 Glebeholme blvd HA 9727 --Joan O Mrs artist
Lettering Inc of Can r 56 Mountview av JU 4049 --Johnson Ltd R
Johnson pres Geo Ashdown sec-treas comml artists & photo
engraving 90 Wicks teed av (Leas) MA 4401 --Melfort suprvsr Imp
Life res R R #6 Brampton --Olive r 150 Springhurst av LA 2276 —
Rose (wid Wm J) h 2, 628 Danforth av GL 1269 --Roy R rubber wkr
Goodyear Tire r 25 Chelsea dr (Etob) --Sami J ydmaster CPR h 56
Mountview av JU 4049 — Stanley (Stan’s Cycle & Sports) h 328
Silverthar n av (Silv) JU 1026 --Stuart mgr Bank of Mont r 117
Rochester HY 2906 — Thos J artist Dom Paper Box r 56 Mountview
av JU 4049 --Victor emp Can Wire & Cable r 514 Glebeholme blvd --
Walter E sheet metal wkr Feather & Roadhouse h 572 Coxwell av GL
4817 --Wm night wtchmn Etched Name Plates — Wm G r 3, 240
Northcliffe blvd (Oak) ME 3820 Ashdowne Emma emp Parkers
Cleaners r 35 Pears av ♦Ashe see also Ash —Anna stenog August
Bolte r 38 Earl RA 4873 — Stewart opr TTC h 11 Westchester rd (Nth
Y) Ashenden Geo A forester Dept of Lands & Forests h 204 Balliol --
Keith mech Wetherall's Garage r 3, 341 Sher bourne MI 7784 --
Walter E chief steward O Keefe's Brewing h 3, 341 Sherbourne MI
7784 Ashenheim J R Miss elk Confed Life Assn r 342 Lakeshore av
(Centre Island) — Jill r 163 Cumberland KI 5814 Ashenhurst Alex E
phy 232 High Park av LY 4147 h same — Reedy C (The Business
Institute) h 455 St Clarens av LO 9855 — Stewart mech Cook’s
Garage h 177 Colbeck LY 1094 Asher Chas A engineer Bell Tel h A3,
2684 Bloor w JU 4887 --David emp Genl Steel Wares b 553
Parliament KI 8889 --Elizth J suprvsr Boiler Insp Co r 2, 138 Braemar
av MA 3408 --Susan (wid Chas) h 2, 138 Braemar av MA 3408
Ashfield Alice (wid Gordon) h 106 Oakcrest av GR 3135 --Chas porter
Eatons r 18 Carling av LO 1889 --Elmore L elk C P Exp res Lakeview
--Fredk porter Eatons h 342 Rusholme rd LO 6426 --Geo W city
firemn h 273 Dunforest (Willowdale) —Gordon S with Tor Hydro h 10
McCowans rd (Scar) — Grace (wid Herb) h 71 Ronald av (Frbk) OR
3756 — Harriet (wid Hugh) h 18 Carling av LO 1889 Ashford Albt
freight dockmn TTC h 16 Northlands av JU 0613 --Archie ovenmn
Browns’ Bread r 215 Booth av — B Joan typist Mutual Benefit Health
& Accident r 238 Hallam ME 6817 — Burnell O r 529 Dupont OL
4662 --Chas wrehsemn York Trading h 89 Morris RI 2067 — Chas J
jwlr R Amell & Co h 54 Victoria Pk av (Scar) --Edwd foremn Husband
Transport Ltd h 238 Hallam ME 6817 ASHFORD — Fred A personnel
dept Simpsons h 4 Pembury av (Nth Y) MO 2947 — Gwendoline
blue-prntr Ont Hydro r 20 Battenberg av --Jean (wid Wm) h 364
Donlands av (E Y) RI 1943 — John bkbndr Brown Bros r 19 Robina
av (Oak) KE 0466 — Margt Mrs emp Dress Essentials h 111 Boston
av HA 8512 — Robt prsmn Welsh & Quest h 112 John (Wstn) --Sybil
Mrs r 183 St Helens av ME 2855 — Violet Mrs r 290 Sackville RA
6598 --Wm h 486 King e EM 4-7046 --Wm bkbndr Brown Bros r 645
Main n (Wstn) — Wm emp Tor Harbour Commn h 161 Durant av (E
Y) RI 2754 ASHF0RTH ALBERT C, Vice-President and General
Manager The Dominion Bank (Head Office) h 1372 Avenue Road
North Phone HUdson 7654 Ashforth Minnie h 43 Olive av LA 9808 —
Robt V elk R G McLean r 12 Glenview av MO 4971 — Ross studt acct
Peet, Marwick & Mitchell h 46 Claxton blvd (Wych) RE 8921 --W
Vernon h 12 Glenview av MO 4971 Ashie John J h 2, 2383 Danforth
av HO 8893 — Marjorie asst dir Candn Red Cross Soc r 435
Sherbourne Ashikawa Michi opr Ont Cloak h 125A Sherbourne EM 4-
4136 — Shige press opr Can Metal h 3, 108 Fulton av GE 6249
Ashizawa Y h 329 Clinton LA 8437 Ashkanase Earl M asst to div mgr
Stand Chem h 11 Arden cres (Scar) Ashkie Walter uphol h 459
Glenlake av MU 6104 Ashlee Bertha priv sec Percy Robertson Co h
1002 Shaw OL 4710 --Candy & Sandwich Shop (J A Ashlee) candy &
light lunch 873A Lake Shore rd --John A (Ashlee Candy & Sandwich
Shop) r 75 Murrie (Mim) — Norman W h 588 Delaware av LO 8120
— Wm emp Ont Hydro r 588 Delaware av LO 8120 Ashleigh Allan A
elk P O h 1097 St Clarens av KE 4356 — Ed Sportswear (Edwin
Ashleigh) men’s wear 1790 Eglinton av w (Frbk) OR 6321 --Edwin S
(Ed Ashleigh Sportswear) h 1, 448 Spadina rd (Fst H) MA 6129 --
Virginia C key punch opr Recording & Statistical Corp r 1, 448
Spadina rd (Fst H) MA 6129 Ashley A Mrs r 464A Danforth av GE
6998 --Agnes r 104, 1475 Kingston rd (Bch C) GR 4582 --Arnold
tuffer Queen City Bedding h 3 & 4, 586 Ontario — Audrey F elk East
York Pharmacy r 1038 Pape av (E Y) HA 6742 --Christina emp H
Squarebriggs r 833 Logan av — David food distributor h 264
Rusholme rd LL 4749 --Donald O emp Chas Wilson Ltd r 166
Roehampton av HU 4830 --Douglas C slsmn Ont Hydro h 174
Woodfield rd RI 3743 — E H & Co (Can) Ltd Wm Barth sec-treas
imitation & precious stones 509, 28 Wellington w EM 4-8921 --Elizth
(wid Gilbert) r 455 Logan av GL 9402 — Elizth (wid John B) h 527
Perth av LL 2421 --Eva I (wid Harry) h 40 Beaconsfield ay LA 7762 *
— Evelyn M cash Chartered Trust r 2, 9 Humewood dr LA 2387 —
Floyd r 2 Landry av (Scar) OX 8491 —Geo supt Edgewood Apts h 2,
2 Kingston rd HO 2863 --Geo H sgt O Div Hdqtrs RCMP r 2D St
Stevens ct (Etob) —Geo J meat insp asst Dept of Agric (Dom) Health
of Animals Br h 29 Enfield av (Alderwood) — Geo S carp h 19
Second (New T) — H stereo Globe & Mail res Lome Park --Harold
acct Federal Cold Storage h 49 Stephney (EY) OX 0412 --Hattie (wid
Lewis) r 99 Fortieth (Long B) — Herbt E emp Jas Morrison Brass Co
h 397 Lake Promenade (Long B) — Herbt J elk McColl-Frontenac Oil
r 132 Pritchard av (La M) JU 7930 — Ivan constn wkr r 82 Indian Rd
cres LL 8636 — Jean n 24, 435 Sherbourne --John T M with Bell Tel
res Oakville --Jos E mach CGE h 68 Amherst av (Frbk) RE 3004 —
Julie Mrs h 24 Humbert OL 5657 — Kenneth wtr Avonmore Hotel r
585 Ontario — Nora film revisor Fox Films h 5, 586 Ontario —
Norman firemn Tor Fire Dept h 78 Wildwood cres HO 6923 —
Norman A elk Tomenson, Saunders, Smith & Garfat r 78 Wildwood
cres HO 6923 — Raymond pntr r 202 St Helen's av LO 3808 — Robt
lab h 51 Cameron TR 1564 — Sami slsmn Egry Continuous Forms h
556 Glencairn av (Nth Y) OR 4900 — Sarah (wid Wilfred) h 55
Thirty-Second (Long B) — Selwyn W insp Willis, Faber & Co h 158
Wanless av MA 3405 — Shirley M typist Mnfrs Life r 78 Wildwood
cres HO 6923 --Sydney studt r 173 Palmerston av WA 4143 —Thos
mech Hobbs Glass h 40 Beaconsfield av LA 7762 — Vincent emp
Stand Sanitary h 107 Ewart av (Silv) MU 2052 --Viola embossing
feeder Artistic Staty r 194 Withrow av --Walter mech Drayton Motors
r 42 Roseheath av RI 6729 — Wilfred J office mgr Seagram & Co h
27 Hlghcroft rd RI 5878 ASH ASHLEY — & Crippen Ltd Danl Gibson
pres & genl mgr W R Gibson vice-pres Jas B Crippen sec-treas
photography 196 Bloor w KI 6113-4 Ashlin W H engine lathe John T
Hepburn Ltd r 182 Annette --Wm motor mech r 250 Annette MU
5294 Ashling Barbara A tchr Clinton St Schl r 138 Heddington av MO
6460 --Claude V litho Miller Litho h 138 Heddington av MO 6460 —
Harold r 138 Heddington av MO 6460 Ashman Albt E messr C L Daly
& Son Dental Lab h 433 Greenwood av GL 4722 --Arthur W piano
man Heihzman Pianos r 19 Jills on av (Rnny) LY 5173 --Douglas
chemist Massey-Harris r 446 Northcliffe blvd (Frbk) RE 4075 —Edwd
H btehr h 785A Annette --Elizth (wid Arthur) h 102 Brookside av (H
Crest) LY 7895 — Ethel mach opr Kendall Co (Can) r 46 Lamb av GL
6172 — Harry (Mayfair Meat Market) r 785A Annette — Ida hl45
Humberside av JU 4661 — Ike (Radio Electronic Supplies Co) res
Greensville — Ina r 6 Lessard av (H Crest) JU 8570 — Jas B wtchmn
Bradshaw’s 'h 35 Parkside dr LL 8326 -—Jas H sec J R Carter Lumber
Co Ltd h 111 Lauder av LA 4775 — Jas K studt r 35 Aberfoyle cres
(Etob) --Joan emp Physician’s Services r 111 Lauder av LA 4775 —
John C emp TTC h 46 Lamb av GL 6172 — John L emp CGE h 2, 165
Shanly LL 9170 --June elk Gas Co r 46 Lamb av GL 6172 --Matilda
(wid John) r 46 Lamb av GL 6172 --Roy emp CGE h 1261 Dufferin
LO 4708 --Thos mixer Miles Laboratories r 25 Pauline av LA 0298 —
Walter K slsmn Swift Candn h 35 Aberfoyle cres (Etob) Ashmead
Lloyd H emp Empire Stamp Co r 49 Dunfield av MO 6241 --Louise
(wid Edwin F) h 49 Dunfield av MO 6241 Ashmore Arthur S baking
supt Christie Brown h 158 Brentwood rd n (Kngswy Pk) JU 3157 --
Harold J acct Stand Chem h 23 Springdale blvd (E Y) --J R radio
techn Reid & Campbell h 2275 Queen e — Leonard A mech Beattie
Cadillac Chev Olds r 272 Robert —Leonard G druggist Russell’s Drug
Store h 5A John (Wstn) — Mansell acct r 249, 121 Carlton —Margt
bkpr Lent Electrical r 295 Durie RO 4007 --Margt bkpr Marine
Welding & Boiler r 84 Laird dr (Leas) MO 4196 --Mary mach opr
Bank of Com r 6 Conrad — Mildred A bkpr DeHavilland Aircraft r 23
Springdale blvd (E Y) — Phillip G phy & surg h 181 Glenview av HU
4606 --Raymond servicemn Reid & Campbell r 2275 Queen e —
Sophia (wid Albt J) r 23 Springdale blvd (E Y) Ashpole Leonard J ctr
Warwick Bros r 68 Mackay av Ashrow Jack with Ashrow’s Cafeteria h
69 Latimer av MA 3835 Ashton Ada M h 1654 Jane (Wstn) --Albt C
chief elk TTC h 153 Parkhurst blvd (Leas) MA 2083 — Alice (wid
John) h 23 Linnsmore cres HA 5618 — Ann r 655A St Clair av w LA
3749 --Annie (wid Wm) h 135 Atlas av (Wych) ME 9601 --Arnold
pres Canadian Wallpaper Manufacturers Ltd h 94 Ridge dr HY 8228
— Arthur N group rep London Life h 46 Willingdon blvd (Kngswy Pk)
JU 5102 — Arthur S res engineer Gulf Lead Mines Ltd --Barry G
stenog Flintkote Co r 85 Eighteenth (New T) — Betty J stenog
Workmen’s Compensation Bd res Brampton — Brian G assmblr
Powerlite Devices h 82 Glenside av HA 9884 — Chas E pres Ashton
Potter Limited h South dr (Wstn) LY 2086 — Christina r 340
Sutherland dr (Leas) HU 5753 — Clara (wid Harry) h 309 Delaware
av LO 8141 — Clarence (Ashton's Grocery) h 2 Innes av KE 8858 —
Clifford A traffic mgr Tor Peterboro Transport h 348 Lawrence av w
(Nth Y) OR 4792 --Cornelius P drvr slsmn Fairglen Dairy h 1088
Glencairn av (Nth Y) --Derek slsmn Empire Wall Papers r 94 Ridge dr
— Dorothy priv sec S S Kresge r 23 Linnsmore cres HA 5618 --Earl h
19 Maple Grove av ME 3166 —Edith E r 17 Arnold av (Mt D) LY 9837
--Edwd cutter Blachford Shoe Mfg r 69 Birchcliffe av (Bch C) GR
5688 --Elizth r 39 Sandown av(Scar) --Ernest r 128 Jameson av --
Ernest pntr r 562 Mt Pleasant rd HU 4919 --Estelle (wid Frank) h 215
Withrow av GL 9172 --Frank G pres Cycle Trade Supply Ltd h 46
Mason blvd (Nth Y) HU 9789 - Frank S sheriff’s officer County
Sheriffs Off h 374 Broadway av (Nth Y) HY 7520 --Fred T h 120
Lawlor av GR 0833 --Fredk S mach opr Natl Carbon h 348 Harvie av
(Frbk) RE 0567 — G Everitt Rev minister St Clair av United Church h
14 Bracondale Itlill rd KE 6538 — Gerald R elk F H Deacon & Co r
100 Dunn av —Harold J insp TTC h 20 Cedar av GR 7414 --Harriett
(wid Thos) h 1354 Queen eHA 5681 Alphabetical, White Page 51
 ASH ASHTON ASHTON —Harriott stenog Lorle Ltd r 275
Kennedy av --Harry elk Dept of Citlzership & Immigration h 3 Little
blvd (Frbk) CR3026 — Harry emp Marchand Co r 4 Humbert LA l«94
--Harry slsmn Eatons h 635 Mortimer av (EY) HO 2862 —Helen emp
W J Gage & Co r 177 Westmoreland av LL 6969 — Helen priv sec U
of T r 94 Ridge dr HY 8228 —Henry T slsmn Frankel Bros h 275
Kennedy av LY 6570 — Herbt punch press opr C C M res Downsview
—Hugh W asst mgr Ashton Potter r 8 Reigate rd (Islington! — Ida r
68_l£ogarth av GE 5237 — J hlpr CNR h Secord av (Scar) —Jack
drftsmn Steel Co of Can r 5, 595 St Clair av w LL 6418 — Jas F
construction equip , repair garage 2468 Dufferin (Frbk) OR 3111 r 17
Arnold av (Mt D) LY 9837 — Jas W opr Tor Elevators h 89 Branston
rd (Frbk) OR 3867 --Jarvis brick layer h 142 Hampton av GE 6063 --
Jean priv sec Blachford Shoe Mfg h 135 Atlas av (Wych) ME 9601 —
Joan lab techn Tor East Genl Hosp r 406 Milverton blvd — Joan mach
opr School Mfg r 233 Carlton RA 1842 --John reprmn TTC h 106 Doel
av HA 4797 — John A elk Candn Ice Mach r 72 Binswood av GR
3549 —John H engineer CGE h 151 Springdale blvd (EY) GE 1038 —
John L foremn Mimico Incenerator h 83 Eighteenth (New T) --John R
life underwriter Can Life Ins Co h 4, 342 Avenue rd MI 1024 — John
W photostat opr Candn Photo Copy h 191 Courcelette rd (Scar) HO
9543 —John W engineer Earl C Hall h 380 Roehampton av HU 9339
— Joseph trk drvr Brown Bros r 177 Seaton — Joseph wtchmn Can
Bldg Materials r 97 Marlborough av RA 0606 —Joseph E h 17 Arnold
av (Mt D) LY 9837 — Joseph H opr Gas Co h 38 Haslam (Bch C) —
Joyce L elk Imp Life r 1088 Glencairn av (Nth Y) — Kenneth br mgr
Dom Coal & Wood h 16 Oakdene cres GL 7618 — L Raymond life
underwriter London Life h 17 Currie av RI 6606 — Leonard pntr &
dec h 4 Humbert LA 1894 —Lorraine compt opr Hall’s Dairy r 886
Davenport rd LL 1635 — Louis O mech Hyland Motors h 11S Scott rd
(Silv) MU 3854 --Lucy reg nurse Hosp for Sick Children h 6,72
IsabeUa RA 4812 --Marie E elk Star r 40 Bowmore rd RI 4398 —
Mary M opr Eatons r 148 Woodycrest av (EY) GE 6787 --Merle M
slsclk DonneUy’s Dry Goods r 120 Lawlor av --Murray elk Imp Oil r
16 Callendar LA 4011 --Norman J r 17 Arnold av (Mt D) LY 9837 —
Pearl Mrs h 233 Carlton RA 1842 — Potter Chas Calendars Ltd Chas
P Potter pres Chas E Ashton vice -pres Chas W R Adams sec-treas
110 Sudbury OL 4234 — Ltd Chas E Ashton pres, Chas P Potter
vicepres, Chas W R Adams sec-treas lithographers 110 Sudbury OL
4234 --Ralph N central off man Bell Tel res Pickering — Ray E service
tech Photostat Corp h 2D, Eileen av (La M) MU 0491 — Rhodes Ltd
G G Parker pres & treas, Leo G Hilts sec imports & Export 3rd fir 79
Queen e EM 4-9955 —Richd lab P Burns & Co r 767 Ossineton av —
Richd H supt Ashton Potter h 45 Marlow av yiY) GL 8302 — Robt
engineer Massey Harris 76 Alameda av (Frbk) OR 2147 --Robt knitter
Weldrest Hosiery r 76 Alameda av (Frbk) OR 2147 --Robt T r 85
Shanly KE 3929 - Robt W mech Can Dry h 340 Sutherland dr (Leas)
HU 5753 — Robt W messr Bank of Com h 619 Cosburn av (EY) HO
1395 — S Roy acct Bank of Com h 26 Strathmore blvd RI 1900 --
Spencer M automotive equip 1905 Daverport rd KE 2337 h 59
Elsfield rd (Kingswy Pk) JU 3325 — Stella bkpr S S Kresge r 23
Linnsmore cres HA 5618 --Steve r 125 Spadina rd MI 7523 --Sydney
h 85 Shanly KE 3929 --Thos barber Stan’s Barber Shop res Pickering
--Thos choclate mkr Neilsons h 9 Billings av HA 6857 --Thos C emp
Sangamo Elec h 9 Marjory av HA 6059 --Thos E suprvsr Dept Pub
Health h 10 Greenwood av GE 5803 —Thos G jan Candn Kodak h
618 Willard av (Rnny) JU 7083 —Vera r 434 Waimer rd (Wych) MI
7663 — Victor F h 116 Hampton av HA 9603 --Viola sis elk Eatons r
5ts West Lynn av GR 4764 — Walter clnr Dept of Educ tunt) res
Scarborough — Wm r or Boulton av GL 0739 — Wm emp
Amalgamated Electric h 907 Greenwood av GL 7843 — Wm emp
Ferranti Elect r 14 Goldwin av (Mt D) LY 0492 --Wm steam fitter r 24
Lark — Wm E marine foremn Shell Oil h 54 Dingwall av RI 2625 —
Wm E supvsr Imp Oil h 4, 85 Wilson av LA 6177 — Wm J sis mgr
Spencer M Ashton r 49 Hilldownetree rd (Etob) ASHTON --Wm L h
1352 Queen e --Winifred priv sec Bank of Com r 4A, 341 Sherbourne
Ashton’s Grocery (Clarence Ashton) 2 Innes av KE 8858 Ashurst John
elk Inti Bus Mach r 253 Campbell av OL 2104 Ashwell Allan R slsmn
Genl Foods h 2 Mervyn av (Etob) — Chas W engineer welder Moffats
h 1546 Jane (Nth Y) — Herbt carp Eatons h 118 Boultbee av HA 75bl
— Stanley F emp Can Wire & Cable h 437 Woodfield rd — Wanda I
stenog Imp Bank h 188 Howland av LA 1843 — Wm sheet metal
reprmn Moffats h 1546 Jane (Wstn) — Wm A rubber wkr Goodyear
Tire h 251 Lakeshore dr (New T) Ashwin Anna C (wid Chas) h 620
Avenue rd HU 8029 Ashwood David h 673 Durie (Rnny) JU 8045 --
Ethel h 84 Winnifred av GL 6159 — Harry emp Leather Cartage h
235 Dunraven dr (Silv) MU 6126 --Maud emp Best Publishing r 84
Winnifred av GL 6159 —Mary E (wid John) r 110 Pritchard av (Rnny)
LY 4760 — Ronald yardmn CPR h 109 Priscilla av (Rnny) MU 7646 --
Wm porter PO h 110 Pritchard av (Rnny) LY 4760 Ashworth Albt C
slsmn Chas Simpson h 3, 567 Kingston rd —Alice r 130 St Helens av
ME 7358 --Allan slsmn A Kimball Ltd r 49 Deforest rd JU 8275 --D
John tchr R H McGregor Schl h 802 Coxwell av (EY) GL 8989 —
Edwd M h 217 Glencairn av HU 2860 — Elizth stenog Pilkington
Glass r 451 Lauder av (Frbk) OR 6658 —Florence 1/frs h 310
Foreman av MA 6171 --Frances elk Simpson’s r 54A Galley av LL
1814 — Frank elect engineer Can Wire & Cable h 31 Pepler av (EY)
GL 7933 --Frank I miller Gooderham & Worts h 52 Summon av (EY)
HA 5878 -Gordon V A chart acct Clarkson, Gordon & Co r 49
DeForest rd (Swan) JU 8275 --Hannah (wid Edwd) h 130 Sunnyside
av LA 7441 --Harold L cutter Kops Bros h 49 DeForest rd (Swan)
8275 --Harry tool mkr Standard Sanitary r 220 Keele LY 2623 --Jas
elk Hendrie & Co h 81 Mortimer av (EY) GE 1510 — Jas J emp Circle
Taxi r 130 St Helens av ME 7358 — Jas J pres Tor Winter Club h 72
Roxborough e MI 9506 — Joan receptionist Kops Bros r 49 De Forest
rd (Swan) JU 8275 —John H drvr TTC h 19 Botfield av (Etob) --John
V emp Simmons Ltd h 130 St Helen's av ME 7358 --Joseph iron &
steelman Klophfer Whol Hdwr h 451 Lauder av (Frbk) OR 6658 --
Murray research wkr U of T r 217 Glencairn av HU 2860 --Pearl sec
Ralston Purina Co Ltd r 82 Rosehill av — Percy M btehr City of Tor h
142 Linnsmore cres (EY) GL 9226 — Ruth stenog Miller & Morris r
54A Galley av LL * 1814 --Thos elect r 408 Sammon av (EY) 6933 --
Wm emp Wm Rogers h 54A Galley av LL 1814 — Wm stock kpr
Brigdens r 76 Westview blvd (EY) Aslkainen Matti shoe repair 1819
Gerrard e h 1819A same — Pentti V emp Ont Hydro r 24 Alhambra
av Asiph Roy trk drvr r 39 Emerson av Askeland Tyyne Mrs hsekpr r
68 Alexandra blvd MO 3786 Askelin Anna (wid Otto) h 1465 Dundas
w Askett Delores M shpr Felker Bros r 18 Boyd av (Wstn) Askevold
Sigurd lab Boake Mfg r 544 Huron PR 1043 Askew Albt comp S A
Prntg Dept h 14, 26 Albert av (Mim) —Henry A sis mgr Ofrex (Can) r
431 Oakwood av (Frbk) --Irene elk Tonks Hardware & Electric r 17
Kersdale av (Silv) JU 4332 --John opr TTC h 17 Kersdale av (Silv) JU
4332 — John G emp Charles Nichols h 270 Gledhill av (EY) OX 0639
— Ralph commercial representative Dept of Mines & Resources h
1252A St Clair av w --Walter G stockeeper Domestic Heating Sales h
14 Wildwood cres RI 3993 — Walter W r 14 Wildwood cres RI 3993
Askey Fredk T utilityman Liquor Control h 34 Edgewood cres KI 7839
— Mary tel opr Walker House Hotel r 483 Parkside dr *Askin see also
Haskin and Haskayn —Alfred R pro engineer Stone & Webster
Engineering Corp h 763 Millwood rd (Leas) MA 2750 --Bertram M
barber h 155 Fairview av RO 4815 --Edwd serv stn attdt Cities
Service r 83 Edgeiey av n (Scar) — F typist Dept of Highways (Prov)
r 120 Robinson TR 1850 — Geo mech Anderson Buick Pontiac h 120
Robinson TR 1850 —Harold caretkr R H McGregor Schl r 770
O’Connor dr (EY) GR 6964 —Kenneth N elk C P Tel h 84 Hallam LO
3814 — Nancy typist Vic Mathewson Co r 120 Robinson TR 1850 —
Nelson L rate elk CNR h 67 Binswood av (EY) OX 5437 -Raymond F
papermkr Gair Co res RR #3 Pickering ASKIN — Raymond J linemn
Bell Tel h 218 Virginia av (EY) OX 8464 ■--Robt milkmn White Oak
Farm Dairy h 48 St Johns rd w (Wstn) — Robt J emp Abitibi Power &
Paper h 2 Brule ter (Swan) MU 1885 ' — W.n E stn installer Bell Tel r
92 Beresford av LY 2932 --Winfield K carp h 293 Wallace av LL 7111
Askwith Gordon casewkr Jewish Family & Child Serv r 29A Classic av
KI 6403 Askworth Walter elk Websters r 134 Eileen av (La M) Aslett
Ada r 272A Kane av (Silv) MU 8746 — Adele L with Bell Tel r 108
Indian rd LL 0779 --Frank mach Thexton Mach Wks h 108 Indian rd
LL 6779 — Gordon emp Standard Sanitary Co r 272A Kane av (Silv)
MU 8746 — Harold H record elk Curtis Lighting h 272A Kane av (Silv)
MU 8746 --Nellie (wid Wm) r 67 Twenty -seventh (Long B) --Ralph
slsmn Bell Tel r 237 Margueretta LL 5030 Aslin Harvey J slsmn Bond
Clother r 52 Charles MI 4270 Asling Allan C engineer h 369
Greenwood av RI 1217 — Anne (wid Herbt) h 26 Glenview av HU
5962 — Cora drsmkr r 84 Gloucester KI 9112 --Doris J r 46 High
Park Blvd — Douglas K elk Bank of Com r 508 Dovercourt rd --John S
chauffeur TTC h 70 Herbert av — Kenneth firmn Tor Fire Dept h 678
Woodbine av GR 2327 --Lillian Mrs h 191 Humberside av JU 7426 --
Marian elk Aladdin industries r 428 Rimilton av (Etob) --Mazo K (wid
Douglas) h 46 High Park blvd --Ralph W janitor Ont Hydro h 428
Rimilton av (Etob) --Roy carp h 117 Clonmore dr (Scar) Ox 8184 - -
Ruth C priv sec Ford Co r 46 High Park blvd --Wm F mech Loblaws h
50 Columolne av HO 8812 Asman Kathleen tchr St Mildred’s Coll r 58
Poplar Plains rd KI 9873 Asmanis Alfred trk washer Neilsons r 258
Bathurst Asmus Peter emp Goodyear Tire r 426 Davenport road
Asmuss Melita V elk typist Ont Hydro r 12 Manor rd e HY 1663 —
Sofia Mrs emp Rosedale Hand Laundry h 12 Manor rd e HY 1663
Asner Chas scrap dir h 565 Fairlawn av (Nth Y) RE 8903 —Fay Mrs
off mgr Bolsby & Pepper r 301A, 45 St Clair av w RA 6768 --Harry A
slsmn h Cl, 2688 Bloor (Kingswy Pk) LY 0886 — Joseph (Superior
Auto Refinishing Co) h 20 Burncrest dr (Nth Y) HY 4969 —Max r 113
Hilton av LO 2333 Asnius Eugenie r 114 Nassau WA 2441 Asoklis
Augustina r 341 Dovercourt rd — Kasimir r 341 Dovercourt rd Asoph
Dorothy Mrs r 72 Corbett av (Rnny) LY 9479 Asor Aino Mrs r 191
Grenadier rd LO 2194 — Elfrieda Mrs opr Eatons r 12 Dingwall av
Aspactor Morris h 757 Bathurst LA 0596 Aspden Clarence K material
handler Fruehauf Trailer Co res Weston — Edith h 862 Dovercourt rd
--John plant opr Dept of Wks h 6 Ashland av GE889U --Joseph mach
Modern Tool Wks res Weston — Margt emp Sangamo Elect r 54
Hillsdale av e HU 3506 Aspell Ethel (wid John) h 912 Dovercourt rd
ME 7789 Aspenlieder Fredk J woodwkr C P Exp h 112 Heale (Scar)
Asphalt Roofing Manufacturers of Can Chas N Browne sec 4-5, 10 St
Clair av e HU 3700 --Roofing & Siding Service (John A Diamond &
Robt H Kempffer) 524 Dupont KE 2892 — Services Ltd W Roy
Spence mgr contractors flooring & paving 1284 Weston ra (Mt D) JU
4734 Asphar B R elk Tor Genl Trusts r 62 Cowan av Aspinal Sydney
packer Stedman Bros r 500 Carlaw avenue Aspinall Christopher h 1
58 Strachan av - -Edwd btehr R J Lucas Co 8, 7 58|; Queen e HA
6140 --Edwd pekr Eatons r 8, 758i Queen e HA 6140 — Fredk S
slsmn Eatons h 53 Cherrywood av (Wych) LA 9684 — Harold emp
Packard Motors r 26 Maher av LY 4606 --Jas h 167 Avenue rd —Robt
h 201 Dovercourt rd LO 7407 — Robt builder h 182 Ennerdale rd
(Frbk) OR 8051 — Thos h 26 Maher av LY 4606 — Wm emp Genl
Steel Wares r 201 Dovercourt rd LA 7407 --Wm repalrmn TTC h 2
Stanhope av (EY) GL 8598 Aspinell Edith elk Simpsons r 249
Strathmore blvd GL 3087 Aspinwall Bernard ser dept Wilson &
Cousins r 41 Walsh av (Nth Y) --Chas trav Parisian Corset Mfg Co Ltd
r 41 Walsh av (Nth Y) --Joseph J acct Page-Hersey Tubes h 76
Braeside rd MA 5072 --Winnifred emp Roden Bros r 173 Queensdale
av (EY) 4281 Aspland Philip R bkpr Simpsons h 106, 214 Wellesley e
RA 0034 Aspley John hydrant Insp Dept of Wks h 256 Balliol Asplund
John h 34 Ryerson av Aspray Alex lab CCM res RR #2 Woodbridge —
Marion swltchbd opr Famous Players r 148 Ava rd OR 4385 — Orma
elk Imp Bank of Can r 113 Snowden av Asquini John lab Terrazzo
Marble Co h 181 Symington av LO 0703 Asquith Margt V glass tubing
beelter Richards Glass r 28 Raveral av --Norman cameramn Litho-
Print r 213 Maple Hurst av (Lansing) ASQUITH — Stanley com artist
E L Ruddy & Co r 444 Delaware avenue --Walter bkpr Harry Webster
r 134 Eileen av (La M) Assad Josephine elk Marguerite Shoppe r
2829 Dundas w RO 1470 — Wm K asst elk Can Steamship h 2829
Dundas w ; RO 1470 Assaf Danl sis mgr Phillips & Co r 44 Marina av
(Long B) — Eva (wid Wm) h 17 Chesterhill rd GE 5314 — Sami N wtr
Wallace Hotel h 34 Cadorna av (EY) HA 7900 — Wm E mgr Victory
Hotel h 29 Hilltop rd (Fst H) : RE 1069 Assav Barry r 648 Davenport
rd KE 0143 Asselin Albt B vehicleman C P Exp — Alfred emp Gen
Steel Wares r 5 Cornwall EM 6-3415 --Bernard P opr TTC h 58 Gilbert
av LA 2682 —Gilbert roofer Fred Pike h 81 Oak TR 1569 --John R
vehiclemn C P Exp h 450 Logan av GL 8185 — Leo drvr h 20
Vanauley - -Leo night porter Little Denmark Tavern r 269 Jarvis --
Lloyd pressmn Egry Continuous Forms r 53 Emerald cr (New T) --
Mary M press opr Minneapolis -Honeywell Regulator r 58 Gilbert av
LA 2682 —Roland bulldozer opr CNR h 83 Murrie (Mim) --Ruth emp
Abitibi Power & Paper r 8 Geoffrey Asseline Frank emp RCAF depot r
47 Joseph (Wstn) Asselstine Arthur sign erector Scollon Sign Co ’ h
98 Mutual EM 3-4130 — Bruce emp Massey Harris r 3, 16A Havelock
--Clifford emp Daileys Cartage r 98 Mutual EM3-413( — Curtiss W
dentist 735 Bloor w LO 0727 h 451 St Clements av MO 5410 —
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