KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN HYDERABAD REGION

CLASS X SCIENCE- (2025-26)

MARKING SCHEME - 3
Q. Answer Mar Total
No k Mark
. s
1 A 1 1
2 B 1 1
3 C 1 1
4 C 1 1
5 B 1 1
6 D 1 1
7 A 1 1
8 B 1 1
9 A 1 1
10 i) The small tiny pores present in the epidermis of the leaf. 1+1 2
ii) Each stoma is bounded by two kidney shaped guard cells. The
opening and closing of stoma is caused by the change in the turgidity
of these guard cells. When the guard cells take up water and become
turgid, the stoma opens and when guard cells loose water and shrink,
it closes.
11 i) They promote the cell elongation and division. They play an 1+1 2
important role for the formation of root and seedless fruit.
ii) Inhibits the plant growth, wilting of leaves, closing of stomata and
causes the dormancy of seeds.
12 Rings of cartilage are present on the walls of trachea. These ensure 2 2
that the air passage does not collapse.
13 i) Lungs lined by a thin membrane, the smaller tubes 1 3
called bronchioles a balloon-like structure called alveoli and a 1
network of blood capillaries increase the surface area for the exchange 1
of gases.
ii) The energy currency is ATP and it is produced in mitochondria
during respiration.
(OR)
Xylem transports water, minerals, and nutrients from the soil to all the
plant parts. This process is called ascent of sap.
Phloem transports the food materials from leaves to other parts of the
plant body. This process is called translocation.

14 (i) The first trophic level in a food chain should always be a producer. 1+1 3
As green plants are producers, they will always be in first trophic +1
level.
ii) Carnivores
iii) 50 J (As per 10% flow of energy)
15 (i) Pea plant can be grown easily and have seven different contrasting 1 4
characters. 1
(ii) 2
 (iii) Phenotypic ratio = 3 Tall :1 Dwarf
(OR)
Genotypic ratio = 1:2:1 =TT : Tt : tt

16 (i) Self pollination:- Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma in 2 5

the same flower. Self pollination generally occurs in bisexual flowers. 1
Cross pollination:- Transfer of pollen grains from one flower to 1
another flower of different plants of same species is known as cross 1
pollination. Cross pollination generally occurs in unisexual flowers.
(ii) Sepals, petals, stigma, style and stamen degenerate or wither 1
away. The fertilised egg develops into embryo. The ovary changes
into fruit. The ovules changes into seeds.(any two)
1
(iii)
1

(OR)
(i) a) Amoeba-binary fission c) Spirogyra-fragmentation
b) Plasmodium-multiple fission d) Planaria-regeneration
(ii) Buds produced in the notches along the leaf margin of
Bryophyllum fall on the soil and develop into new plants.
(iii) -Can bear flowers and fruits earlier than those produced from
seeds.
-Genetically similar plants.
-Quick method to propagate.
-It also makes possible the propagation of plants which have less
capacity to produce
seeds.(any two advantages)

17 B 1 1
18 B 1 1
19 D 1 1
20 B 1 1
21 D 1 1
22 A 1 1
23 B 1 1
24 D 1 1
25 (i) A considerable amount of energy is required to break the strong 1+1 2
inter-ionic attractions.
(ii) Sodium metal reacts with oxygen so vigorously and catches fire if
kept in the open.
(OR)
Oiling, galvanising, alloying, greasing, or painting (any two ways)

26 Name of the powder is Baking powder. 3 3

Ingredients: - baking soda and tartaric acid.
Functions:
Baking soda helps to produce the carbon dioxide during the reaction
which causes bread or cake to rise making them soft or spongy.
Tartaric acid helps to remove the bitterness of baking soda and the
food items.
2NaHCO3+heat → Na2CO3+H2O+CO2

27 i) ‘X’ is Copper and ‘Y’ is Copper oxide 3 3

(ii) 2Cu + O2 → 2CuO
CuO + H2 → Cu + H 2O

28 (i) The carbonates ores are changed into oxides by heating strongly in 1 4
limited air is called calcination. 1
(ii) 2ZnS + 3O2 + heat → 2ZnO + 2SO2 1
(iii) Reducing the metal oxide into metal by using suitable reducing 1
agents such as coke(carbon) is called smelting or reduction of metal
from metal oxide.
(iv) Some reducing agents other than coke which can be used to
extract metal from metal oxide are Aluminium, Sodium and Calcium.
(OR)
3MnO2 + 4Al → 3Mn + 2Al2O3 + heat

29 (i) Soaps are the sodium or potassium salts of long chain carboxylic 1 5
acids.
Detergents are generally ammonium or sulphonate salts of long-chain 1
carboxylic acids.

(ii)The soap molecules, form structures called micelles where one end
of the molecules is towards the oil droplet while the ionic-end faces 1
outside. This forms an emulsion in water. The soap micelle thus helps
in pulling out the dirt in water and we can wash our clothes clean.

(iii)Foam is formed with difficulty and an insoluble substance (scum) 1+1

 remains after washing with water. This is caused by the reaction of
soap with the calcium and magnesium salts. So, soaps are not 2
considered suitable for washing, where water is hard. 1
(OR)
1
(i) The compounds of carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons. 1
(ii) Saturated hydrocarbons have single bond between the carbon
atoms.
Unsaturated hydrocarbons have double bond or triple bond between
the carbon atoms.
Example:
CH3 – CH3 → Ethane → Saturated hydrocarbon
CH2 = CH2 → Ethene → Unsaturated hydrocarbon

(iii) An atom or a group of atoms which decides the properties of a

carbon compound is called a functional group.
Example: Alcohol group: - OH , Carboxylic acid group: - COOH

30 B 1 1
31 A 1 1
32 A 1 1
33 The student is suffering from myopia. 1+1 2
Myopia can be corrected by using a concave lens so that parallel rays
coming from distant objects diverge to form an image at the retina.
34 a) Cornea is the transparent spherical membrane covering the front of 1 2
the eye. It helps light to enter into the eye. 1
b) Ciliary muscles hold the lens in position and help in modifying the
curvature of the lens or focal length
35 f=12 cm, v=48 cm, u=? 1 3
1/v - 1/u= 1/f 1
1/u = 1/v – 1/f = 1/48 – 1/12 = (1-4)/48 = -3/48 = -1 /16 1
u= -16 cm
object should be placed at 16 cm to the left side of the lens.
36 (i) 1 3
1
1

(ii) any two properties:

- Magnetic lines of force originate from north pole of a magnet and
end at its south pole.
- A magnetic field line is a closed and continuous curve.
 - The magnetic field lines never intersect with each other.
- The magnetic field lines are crowded near the pole and apart at the
middle of the magnet.
(OR)
(i) On increasing the current flowing through the coil, the field will
increase.
(ii) On reversing the direction of current through the coil, the direction
of field will reverse.
(iii) On increasing the number of turns in the coil, the field will
increase.

37 (i) When object is placed between P and F of concave mirror. 1.5 3

1.5

(ii) When object is placed anywhere in front of a convex mirror.

38 (i) At Focus 1 4
(ii) between O and F 1
(iii) at infinity 2
(iv) at 2F, other side
(OR)
Diminished image
39 (i) Correct diagram. 1 5

1
1
2

(a) 1/Rp= 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 = 1/20 + 1/10 + 1/30 = (3+6+2)/60 =

11/60.
Rp = 60/11 = 5.45 ohm.
Total effective resistance of the circuit = 5.45 ohm.
(b) V=6 volts, R=5.45 ohm, I=?
I= V/R = 6 / 5.45= 1.1 A
Total current in the circuit = 1.1 A