COEP Technological University, Pune

Linear Algebra II (LA-II)

F.Y. B.Tech. Semester I
Academic Year: 2025–26

Tutorial 1 : Applications of Linear Transformations

Faculty Name: Prof. Rashmi Kulkarni

1. Define Similar matrices. Show that similarity defines an equivalence relation be-
tween square matrices.

2. Show that if A and B are n × n matrices and A ∼ B, then:

(a) det(A) = det(B)

(b) tr(A) = tr(B)
(c) A is invertible iff B is invertible
(d) A and B have the same characteristic polynomial
(e) A and B have the same eigenvalues
(f) Am ∼ B m for all integers m ≥ 0
(g) If A is invertible, then Am ∼ B m for all integers m ∈ Z

3. Write the matrix of each of the transformations in the plane given below:

(i) Reflection in the y-axis.

(ii) Reflection in the line y = x.
(iii) Horizontal expansion.
(iv) Vertical contraction.
(v) Horizontal and vertical shear.
(vi) Vertical shear followed by reflection in the x-axis.

4. Write the matrix of each of the transformations in the space given below:

(i) Rotation about the z-axis.

(ii) Rotation about the y-axis.
(iii) Rotation about the x-axis.

5. Show that the composition of two linear transformations is again a linear transfor-
mation.

6. Show that the set of all linear transformations from a vector space V to a vector
space W forms a vector space under pointwise addition and scalar multiplication.

7. For each of the following linear transformations, write the standard matrix:

(1) T : R3 → R3 defined by

T (x, y, z) = (2x − y, x + 3y, z).

1
 (2) T : R3 → R3 defined by

T (x, y, z) = (x + y + z, y − z, 4x).

(3) T : R3 → P2 defined by

T (a, b, c) = (a − b) + (2b + c)x + (3c)x2 .

(4) T : R4 → M2×2 defined by

 
a+b c
T (a, b, c, d) = .
d a−c

(5) T : R4 → M2×2 defined by

 
2x1 − x3 x2
T (x1 , x2 , x3 , x4 ) = .
x4 x1 + x 2 + x 3

8. Find the standard matrices of the following linear transformations T1 , T2 , T2 oT1 , T1 oT2 :

(a) T2 : R3 → R3 , T2 (x, y, z) = (0, x, 0).

(b) T1 : R3 → R3 , T1 (x, y, z) = (x, y, z).

9. Are R3 and P2 isomorphic as vector spaces? If yes, find an isomorphism. Write the
associated matrix with the isomorphism and show that this matrix is invertible.

10. Let D : P2 → P1 be the differentiation operator defined by D(p) = p′ for p ∈ P2 .

Find the matrix of D with respect to the standard bases.

11. Let S and T be linear operators on a finite-dimensional vector space V . Prove the
following:

(a) ST is an isomorphism if and only if both S and T are isomorphisms.

(b) ST = I if and only if T S = I.