CONTENTS

54 TIPS
TIP 01 Linear function Page 008

TIP 02 Slope of a line Page 012

TIP 03 Area enclosed by lines Page 014

TIP 04 Midpoint and distance between two points Page 016

TIP 05 Line reflection Page 017

TIP 06 Parallel and perpendicular lines Page 018

TIP 07 System of linear equations Page 019

TIP 08 Quadratic function Page 021

TIP 09 Area enclosed by curves Page 023

TIP 10 Domain and range Page 025

TIP 11 Composition of functions Page 026

TIP 12 Identical equation Page 027

TIP 13 Factoring Page 029

TIP 14 Direct variation ( Direct proportion) Page 030

TIP 15 Inverse variation Page 033

TIP 16 Sum and product of quadratic equations Page 035

TIP 17 Remainder Theorem Page 035

TIP 18 Factor Theorem Page 036

TIP 19 Circle Page 037

TIP 20 Average speed Page 038

TIP 21 Percentage Page 040

TIP 22 Ratios and proportion Page 042

TIP 23 Ratios in similar figures Page 043

TIP 24 Percent of a solution Page 046

TIP 25 Exponents Page 047

TIP 26 Defined operations Page 049

TIP 27 Functions as models Page 050

TIP 28 Combined rate of work Page 052

TIP 29 Combined range of two intervals Page 053

4
 CONTENTS
TIP 30 Absolute value Page 055
TIP 31 Parallel lines with transversals Page 057
TIP 32 Triangle inequality Page 052
TIP 33 Ratio of areas of triangles with the same height Page 060
TIP 34 Special right triangles Page 062
TIP 35 Proportions in a right triangle Page 064
TIP 36 Pythagorean Theorem Page 065
TIP 37 Transformation Page 067
TIP 38 Classifying a group in two different ways Page 068
TIP 39 Permutation and combination Page 069
TIP 40 Handshakes Page 071
TIP 41 Consecutive integers (1) Page 072
TIP 42 Consecutive integers (2) Page 074
TIP 43 Number of factors Page 075
TIP 44 Must be true or could be true Page 076
TIP 45 Complex numbers Page 077
TIP 46 Circle (Geometry) Page 079
TIP 47 Trigonometric functions Page 081
TIP 48 Probability Page 083
TIP 49 Geometric probability Page 085
TIP 50 Data interpretation Page 087
TIP 51 Expected value Page 089
TIP 52 Linear correlation coefficient Page 090
TIP 53 Standard deviation Page 091
TIP 54 Solid Page 092

_A
__ — Practice Test 01 Page 121
::fc Practice Test 02 Page 155
m Practice Test 03 Page 187
TT -T
_ .

Practice Test 04 Page 219

Practice Test 05 Page 253
ii
_ Practice Test 06 Page 287
Practice Test 07 Page 321
AT ; :
Practice Test 08 Page 355
TT A
'
'
•
7 >
Practice Test 09 Page 389
T7 T A Practice Test 10 Page 423

Dr. John Chung's SAT math

5
 No Test Material on This Page

6
 No Test Material on This Page

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

7
 TIPS
Linear Function
The functions are called “ linear” because they are precisely the functions whose graph in the xy- plane is a straight
line.
Such a function can be written as

1 ) Slope-intercept form
f ( x ) = m x + b where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.
9

2 ) Point-slope form
y - y ] = m [ x - X| ) , where ( x , y , , ) is the known point on the line.
3) General form
a x 4- b y + c = 0

4) Standard form
Ax + By -C

The slope between any two points on the line is constant.

Ay yi - y\
:n
Ax x2 - x ,
y = fiX)

( x2 ,y2 )
Ay
y yi
Ax
m= ^
x - x,
2
& x
o

SAT Practice

1. For a linear function /, /(0) = 2 and /(3) = 5 . If k = / (5) , what is the value of k l

A) 5
B) 6
C) 7
D) 8

8
 X fix)
0 a
1 12
2 b

2. The table above shows some values for the function /. If / is a linear function , what is the value of a+b ?

A) 24
B) 36
C) 48
D) 60

3. A linear function is given by ax 4- by + c = 0 and a > 0 , b < 0 , and c > 0 . Which of the following graphs best
represents the graph of the function?

A) B)

\ X
o “
o7

C) D)

(7
x
O

Dr. John Chung’s SAT Math 9

4. If / is a linear function and / (3) = 2 and / (5) = 6, what is the -intercept of the graph of / ?
^
A) 4
B) 2
C) -2
D) - 4

5. If / is a linear function and / (3) 2 and /(4) = -4 , what is the x-intercept of the graph of / ?
A) 3
B) 2.5
C) 2
D) 0

x
O
>
( 5, 0

6. The graph of a function / is shown in the xy-plane above. If b - 2a , what is the value of a?

A) -
2

15
C)
13
16
D)
15

10
 TIPS

7. The table above shows some values of the linear function / for selected values of JC. Which of the following
represents the function /?
A) /(JC) = 4 - x
B) f ( x ) = 4 - 2 x
C) f ( x ) = 4 + 2x
D) f ( x ) = 4 + x

9
F = -C + 32
5
8. Fahrenheit ( F ) and Celsius ( C) are related by the equation above. If Fahrenheit temperature increased by 27
degrees, what is the degree increase in Celsius?

A) 15
B) 20
C) 32
D) 81

9. In the formula P = —172 K + 60, if P is increased by 35, what is the increase in K !

A) 35
B) 60
C) 80
D) 140

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 11

 i

P ( 8 ,t )

* x
O \

10. _
In the xy-plane above, a circle is tangent to line t , the x-axis, and the y-axis. If the radius of the circle is 5, what
is the value oft ?

A) 7
B) 8
C) 9
D) 10

Slope of a Line
One of the most important properties of a straight line is its angle from the horizontal. This concept is called “ slope” . To
find the slope, we need two points from the line.
- T1
1 ) From two points and ( x2 , ty2 ) -» Slope m = T2
x2 - x ,
2 ) From slope-intercept form of a line y = mx + b — > m - slope and b = -intercept
3) The slope between any two points on the line is constant .
^

a
1. If / is a linear function and
SAT Practice

/(3) = 6 and /(5) = 12, what is the slope of the graph of /?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

12
 TIPS

x
O

2. In the xy-plane above, line t passes through point P and has a slope of — 1 . What is the x-intercept of
line £ 2

A) ( 4, 0)
B) ( 5, 0 )
C) ( 6, 0)
D) ( 7, 0 )

8 23
a b
3. The table above shows values of the linear function / for selected values of x. What is the value of 6 ?

A) 11
B) 22
C) 32
D) 42

x m
2 a

4. The table above gives values of the linear function / for selected values of x. What is the value of a + 6 ?

A) 8
B) 10
C) 12
D) 18

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 13

S. In the xp-plane above, point P ( 42 , m ) lies on line l . What is the value of m l

A) 24
B) 30
C) 36
D) 42

Area enclosed by Lines

In order to find the area enclosed by lines, mostly we need to find x-intercept, y-intercept,
and points of intertsection of lines

SAT Practice

p
y = mx + 4

x
O

1. The graph of y = mx + 4 is shown in the xy-plane above. If the area of triangle POR is 6, what is the value
of m l

A) - 2

B)
3
-
i
C) --
4
D) -
i

14
 /
/ P { -4,0 ) 0 e\
2. In the xy-plane above, line rn and line l are perpendicular and intersect at point 7? ( 2, 6 ) . What is the area
of triangle PQR ?

A) 18
B) 24
C) 32
D) 36

g ( x ) = -x + 8 / 0) = X - 2
\
S
T

* x
O
AR
\
3. The graphs of the functions / and g are shown in the xv-plane above. What is the area of ARST ?

A) 25
B) 50
C) 75
D) 100

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

15
I Midpoint and Distance between Two Points
The midpoint of a line segment: Each coordinate of the midpoint of a line segment is equal to the average of the
corresponding coordinates of the endpoints of the line segment. Given the two end points ( xl y} ) and ( x2 , y2 ) ,
5

the coordinates of the midpoint of the line segment are

X| + x2 yx + y2

2 2

The distance between two points: The distance d between two points ( x] ? >> , ) and ( x , y2 ) is given by the formula
2

/
d = y ( x2 - xlf + ( y1 - y] f

SAT Practice I
1. In the xp-plane , the midpoint of AB is (10, 4 ) . If the coordinates of point A are ( 5, l ) , what are the
coordinates of point B ?

A) ( 5, 3)
B) ( 6, 4)
C) (15, 7 )
D) ( 20, 10 )

2. If point M ( 5, - 3) is the midpoint of the line segment connecting point A ( 2a , b ) and point Z? ( £, a ) , what
is the value of a ?

A) 8
B) 12
C) 16
D) 20

3. In triangle ABC in the xy-plane, the coordinates of point A are (- 4, 4) and the coordinates of point B are

( 4, 4 ) . If the area of AABC is 24, which of the following could be the coordinates of point C ?

A) ( 3, 8)
B) ( 2, 10)
C) ( 2, - 5)
D) (-6, - 4)

16
 4. If the distance between (a, 3) and ( b , 8) is 13, what is the value of a - b ?
\ \
A) 4
B) 8
C) 12
D) 16

Line Reflection
Reflecting across the x-axis : When we reflect a point ( x, y ) across the x-axis, the x-coordinate remains the
same, but the -coordinate is transformed into its opposite as follows.
^
Reflecting across the x -axis: P ( x, y )
^ P' ( x, - y )
Reflecting across the y -axis: P { x, y ) ^> P' { -x , y )
Reflecting across the y = x : P ( x , y ) ^ P' { y , x )
Reflecting across the y = -x : P ( x, y ) — » P' ( - y, - x )
P { x, y )
Reflecting across the origin:
^ p' ( -x, - y )

H SAT Practice
I
l. In the x -plane, line g is the reflection of line m across the x -axis. If the equation of line m is y = i x - 6,
—
^
what is the slope of line £ 1

A) -5 ,
B
1
C)
I
5
D) 5

2. In the x -plane, line l is the reflection of line m across the y-axis. If these two lines intersect at point
^
( a, b ) , which of the following must be true?

A) a = -2 B) a = 0 C) a = 2 D) a > 0

3. If the graph of 2x - 3 y = 6 is reflected across the x-axis, which of the following represents the equation of
the reflected graph ?

A) 2x + 3 y - -6 B) 2x + 3 y = 6 C ) 2 x - 3 y = -6 D) -2x - 3 y = 6

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

17
 Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
1. Two non-vertical lines are parallel if and only if their slopes are equal.
2. Two non-vertical lines are perpendicular if and only if the product of their slopes is - 1 . (Negative reciprocal
each other)

SAT Practice

1. Which of the following is an equation for the line passing through the point (-4, l ) that is parallel to
4x - 2 y = 3 ?

A ) y = 2x - 9
B) y = 2 x + 9
C) y = -2x - 9
D) y = -2x + 9

2. Which of the following is an equation for the line passing through the point ( -4, l ) that is perpendicular to
4 x - 2 y = 3?

A) v = — 21 x -1
B) y =— —2 x + 1
C) y = — x - 1
2
D) y = - x + l
2

18
 Tip 07 System of Linear Equations
A system of linear equations means two or more linear equations. If two linear equations intersect, that point of
intersection is called the solution to the system of equations.

1 ) The system has exactly one solution.

When two lines have different slopes, the system has only one and only one solution .

2) The system has no solution.

When two lines are parallel and have different
^-intercept, the system has no solution.
3) The system has infinitely many solutions.
When two lines are parallel and the lines have the same
^-intercept.
From the standard form for the system of equations

axx + b y = c,
{ and a2 x + b2 y - c2

1) If BL ± h- One solution
«2
^2

1
2) If No solution

«
^ 2 C2

3) If i _ k C\
Infinitely many solutions
a2 b2

From the slope-intercept form for the system of equations

y = mlx + b[ and y = m2 x + b2

1 ) If mx ^ m2 one solution
2) If mx - m2 and bx & b2 no solution
3) 11 mx -
'
and b = b2 { infinitely many solution

1 SAT Practice

2x - 5 y = 8
4 x + ky = 17

1. For which of the following values of k , will the system of equations above has no solution?

A) 10 B) 5 C) -5 D) -10

Dr. John Chung' s SAT Math

19
 5x - 2y = 3
ax + by ~ 6

2. In the system of equations above, a and b are constants. If the system has infinitely many solutions, what is
the value of a + b l

A) 6 B) 4 C) 0 D) 4
-

3x + by = 3
ax - 4 y = 6

3* In the system of equations above, a and b are constants. For which of the following values of { a, b ] will
the system have no solution ?

A) {-1, 2} B) {1, 1} C) {2, 1} D) {3, -4}

a x + 3y = 6
(a -l )x +(a -l ) y - 2

4. In the system of equations above, a is a constant. If the system has no solution, what is the value of a ?

A ) -3 B) 1 C) 3 D) 5

5. The cost of long distance telephone call is determined by a basic fixed charge for the first 5 minutes and a
fixed charge for each additional minute. If a 15-minute call costs $3.50 and a 20-minute call costs $4.75, what
is the total cost, in dollars, of a 40- minute call?

A ) 8.25 B) 9.50 C) 9.75 D) 10.25

6. The tickets for a movie cost $8.00 for adults and $5.00 for children. If the total of 200 tickets were sold and
the total amount of $1360 was collected, how many adult tickets were sold?

20
 TIPS
Tip 08 Quadratic Function
In algebra, a quadratic function is a polynomial function in which the highest degree term is of the second degree.

1) Standard form: / (x) = a x 2 + b x + c [ a * 0 )

2) Vertex form : / (x) = a ( x - h f + k [ a ^ 0 ) and vertex ( /2, k )
3) Factored from: / (x) = a ( x - x{ )( x - x2 ) , where x, and x2 are the roots of the quadratic function.
Axis of symmetry
b
1 ) Standard form : x = -» Vertex
2a 2a 2a y J
2) Vertex form: x - h Vertex ( h , k )
,+ + x2
3 ) Factored form: x = — —2 2
—> Vertex
X
2
X2
’1
X]
2 ))

1) a > 0 and y - a x + b x + c

Axis of symmetry = or x = xx + x2
a 2

x2
x
O X\

vertex ( h , k )

2) a < 0 and y = a x + b x + c

vertex ( /2, k )
b x + x2
Axis of symmetry or x = {
a 2

x2 >x
O Xl

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

21
Questions 1 and 2 refer to the following information.
h = 256t -\6t 2
A ball is thrown straight up from the ground with an initial velocity of 256 feet per second . The equation above
describes the height the ball can reach in t seconds.

1. If the ball reaches its maximum height in k seconds, what is the value of k ?

A) 8
B) 12
C) 16
D) 24

2. What is the maximum height, in feet, that the ball will reach?

A) 370
B) 384
C) 1024
D) 1200

1
/(x) = -(x + 2) ( x -10 )
3, If the function / above has a vertex at point ( h, k ) in the xy-plane, what is the value of A ?

A) -36
B) -18
C) 9
D) 18

y = 3 x 2 - 6x + 10

4. Which of the following is equivalent to the equation above?

A) y = 3x 2 + 10
2
B) y = 3 ( x - l ) + 7
2
C) y = 3( x - l) + 10
2
D) y = 3 ( x + 2 ) - 2

22
 >x
O

_
5. The graph of y - a x 2 + b x + c is shown in the xy -plane above, where a, b , and c are constants. Which of the
following must be true?

I. a < 0 II . b > 0 III. c > 0

A) I only B) I and II only C) I and III only D) I, II, and III

2
f ( x ) = a ( x - /? ) + k

6. The function / is defined by the equation above, where a, h , and A are constants. If a and k are negative,
which of the following CANNOT be true?

A) / (5) < 0 B) /(-5) < 0 C) f ( l ) = k D) f ( 0 ) ^ - k

Tip 09 Area enclosed by Curves

In order to find the area enclosed by curves, mostly we need to find x-intercept, y-intercept,
and points of intertsection of curves.

SAT Practice
H

1. rT
The graph of y = - x 2 + k is shown in the xy-plane above, where k is a constant. If the area of A P Q R is 64,
1

what is the value of k l

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

23
 TIPS
y
2
T =*

B C
2
7 = -x + 32
x
A O D

o o
2. The graphs of y = x and y = -x H- 32 are shown in the xy-plane above. What is the area of rectangle
A BCD ?

3. — r\

The graph of y = x + 4 x + 5 is shown in the xy-plane above. What is the area of rectangle OPQR ?

I 1
4. The graphs of y = - x ( x - 2 ) and y = - x are shown in the xy-plane above. What is the area of right
8 2
triangle OPQ 1

A) 18
B) 15
C) 9
D) 6

24
 TIPS
Tip 10 Domain and Range
The domain of a given function is the complete set of “ input” values for which the function is defined. In the
xy-plane , the domain is represented on the x -axis (or abscissa).

Note: 1 ) The denominator of a fraction CANNOT be zero.

2) The number inside a square root sign must be positive.

The range of a function is the set of all “ output” values produced by that function. In the xy-plane the range is
represented on the y-axis (or ordinate).

Example:
y =\f x Domain: x > 0
Range: y>0

SAT Practice

yfx
/(*) = x
—3
1. In the function / above, which of the following represents its domain?

A) x>0
B) x *3
C) x 3
D) x > 0 and x 3
^

g(x ) - Vx - 2 - 5
2. Which of the following represents the range of the function / above?

-
A) > > 0
B) 7 > 2
C) y -2
D) > -5
^

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

25
 !

TIPS
Tip 11 Composition of Functions
Composition of functions is applying one function to the result of the first function .(Combining functions)

¥ / (*) ¥ g( ) ¥

The result of / ( x) is sent through g ( ) . The composition is written in the form

g ( f ( x ) ) or ( g » / ) (*)

Example 1 :
Given the functions /(x) = 3x and g(x) = x - 4, then g ( /(3))

x= 3 x=9 5
¥ / (3) = 3 x 3 = 9 ¥ g(9) = 9- 4 = 5 ¥

( g ° f ) ( x ) = 3x ~ 4 -> ( go / ) (3) = 3 x 3 - 4 = 5

Example 2:
For the given functions f ( x ) = 3x - 4 and g ( x ) = 2/ ( x ) + 3, if g ( k ) = 0, what is the value of & ?

Since g(x ) = 2 ( 3x - 4 ) + 3 = 6x - 5 , g ( k ) = 6 k. - 5 = 0 —> k-

6

SAT Practice
1. The functions / and g are defined by f ( x ) = 5 x + 3 and g (x) = 3 f ( x ) - k . If g ( 2 ) = 2 5 , what is the value
of k ?

A) 18
B) 14
C) 12
D) 10

26
 /(x) - a x + b
g( x ) = 2 f ( x ) - 3

2. In the functions / and g above, if g(l) = 3 and g (3) = 5, what is the value of b l

a ,5 1
B >! of B)
7
2

y = /(*)
__
T T T ’ T' '
T T T 1
i <
J
I
l

4 4 i j > Li
__ J . .
.
I
I

-
i V 4
I
I
I - -» -* 1
— I —- 4

—
I
I

• 2 -r j -
i

}- 4i h 4-
•
i
i

+ t + +
o
-2 2
—
i

— i
i
i
—— "4
— "
cT 1

3. The graph of y - f (x) is shown in the xy-plane above for -3 < x < 7. The function g is defined by
g (x ) = 3/ (x ) - 1 . For how many values of k are there such that g ( k ) = 8 ?

A) One B) Two C) Three D) Four

Identical Equation
The two expressions, left hand side and right hand side, are always equal for all values we give to the variable. The
equations that are true for all values of the variable are called identical equations.

1) 5x - 10 = 0 is an algebraic equation because the equation is true only for x = 2.

2) 5x -10 = 5x - 10 is an identical equation because the equation is true for all values of x.
• The equation has infinitely many solutions.
• The expressions of both sides must be equal.
Example 1 :
If 2x + 5 = a x + b for all values of x, what are values of a and b l

Solution) The expressions are equal. a = 2 and b = 5

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

27
Example 2:
If ax2 + bx -he = 0 is true for all values of x , what are the values of a , b, and cl

Solution) Since ax 4- bx + c = Ox + cx + 0, a = 0 , b = 0 , and c - 0.

SAT Practice

1. If x { k - 2 ) - 0 for all values of x, what is the value of kl

A) 0
B) 2
C) 4
D) 6

2. If ax2 + bx + c = 0 for all values of x , what is the value of a + b + c ?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) It cannot be determined from the information given.

( A: + l ) x + 5 - ax + k
3. In the equation above, k and a are constants. If the equation above is true for all values of x , what is the
value of a ?

A) 6
B) 5
C) 2
D) 0

a ( x + 1) + fe ( x - l ) = 2 x + 4

4. In the equation above, a and b are constants. If the equation above is true for all values of x , what is the
value of a ?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

28
 Tip 13 Factoring
Factoring is to write an expression as a product of factors.

1) a 2 + lab + b 2 - ( a + b' f

2) a 2 - 2 ab + b 2 = ( a - b f
3 ) a 2 - b 2 = ( a + 6 ) ( a - Z> )
4) a 2 - l a - 3 = (a - 3) ( a + l )
5) 6 a 2 + a + 1 = (3a - l ) ( 2a + 1)

^
6) 12a 2 + 2a - 2 = 2 6a 2 + a - l ) = 2 ( 3a -f l ) ( 2a - 1)

SAT Practice
: Complete factoring

1. If ( x - 3)( x + 3) = a, then ( 2x - 6 ) ( x + 3) =

A) 2a
B) 3a
C) 4a
D) 6a

2
2.
1\
Which of the following is equivalent to n - + 4?
n

A) 4

B) n+ —I
nj
1
C)
n
1
D) n2 -
n2

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

29
 n
B J (x) = X+ 2

pX
A O C

g ( x ) = -x 2 + 4

3. The graphs of the functions / and g are shown in the xy -plane above. What is the area of AABC 1

A) IB
B) 12
C) 9
D) 6

4. If x 2 - y 2 = 24, where x and y are positive integers ( x > y ) , what is one possible value of x ?

Direct Variation (Direct Proportion)

When two variables are related in such a way that y - kx , the two variables are said to be in direct variation.

Expression of direct variation:

1 ) y = kx

2) —7 = k or ZL = y^ = h = • = k (constant)
. ••

x x x
^
Geometric interpretation:
2 3

x -plane , k is the slope of the graph .

^-intercept is ( 0, ). In the
y - kx is a special linear equation , where the ()
^

1 SAT Practice

1. The value of y varies directly proportional to the value of x If y = 15 when x = 5, what is the value of
y when x = 12.5 ?

30
 TIPS
2. A group of workers can harvest all the grapes from 10 square meters of a vineyard in 20 minutes. At this rate,
how many minutes will the group need to harvest all the grapes from 300 square meters of this vineyard?

A) 60
B) 200
C) 400
D) 600

3. To make an orange dye, 5 parts of red dye are mixed with 3 parts of yellow dye. To make a green dye, 4 parts
of blue dye are mixed with 2 parts of yellow dye. If equal amount of green and orange dye are mixed, what
fraction of the new mixture is yellow dye?

1
a>
?
17
B)
48

D)
\
B E

12

A C
5 D

4. In the figure above, AABC is similar to ADEF . What is the length of DF ?

A) 6

82
B)
13
90
C)
13
25
>
D -

Dr. John Chung’s SAT Math

31
 X y
1 a
a 5a

5. In the table above, y is directly proportional to x and a ^ 0. Which of the following is the value of a ?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 5
D) 10

6. If y is directly proportional to x , which of the following could represent the graph of y = / (x) ?

A) B) C) D) v

N\
o o >x a X
o

7. If y is directly proportional to x , which of the following could be the graph of y = / (x ) ?

A) B) C) D)

&x %> x &X

V . >X
o O O O

32
 Inverse Variation
When two variables are related in such a way that xy = k , the two variables are said to be in inverse variation .

Properties:
1) The values of two variables change in an opposite way , that is, as one variable increases, the other
decreases.
2) The product k is unchanged.

In the xy-plane , the graph of y - f { x ) is as follows.

1) k > 0

SAT Practice

1. The cost of hiring a bus for a trip to Niagara Falls is $400. If 25 people go on the trip, what is the cost per
person in dollars?

2. If four typists can complete the typing of a manuscript in 9 days, how long would it take 12 typists to
complete the manuscript?

A ) 3 days B) 4 days C) 5 days D) 10 days

3. If a man can drive from his home to Albany in 5 hours at 45 miles per hour, how would it take him if he
drove at 50 miles per hour?

A) 4 hours
B) 4 hours 30 minutes
C) 5 hours
D) 5 hours 30 minutes

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

33
 X y
2 25

4. In the table above, y varies inversely as x. What is the value of a + bl

A ) 16 B) 18 C) 18.75 D) 20.25

5. If a job can be completed by 2 people in 10 days, then how many people, working at the same rate, are
needed to complete the same job in 5 days?

A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

6. The length of a rectangle varies inversely with the width . If the length is 10 when the width is 20, what is the
length when the width is 40?

A) 2 B) 5 C) 10 D) 20

7. A certain job can be completed by p persons in h hours. How long would it take n persons, working at the
same rate, to complete the same job?

hn hp HB
A) B) - C) D) .

P hp n h

8. If 5 people take d days to install the plumbing for a house, then how many days would it take 2 people to
complete one third of the same job? ( Assume the people work at the same rate.)

3d
A)
I
B) —52d
5d
C) -
6
D) ±2

34
 TIPS
Tip 16 Sum and Product of Quadratic Equations
For a quadratic equation ax + bx -f c = 0,
b c
Sum of the roots = —
and Product of the roots = —

SAT Practice
H
1. If one of roots of a quadratic equation 2 x2 + x - k =0 is 1 , what is the other root of the equation?

5 3 1
A ) --
2
B) --
2
C)
i D> !
2. i
If the roots of the equation A
2 l
+ 4x - 12 = 0 are a and /?, what is the value of — + — L,t
'

a p

A) -
1
4
1
B) -
3
1
C) -
2
0,|

Tip 17 Remainder Theorem

When polynomial f ( x ) is divided by ( x - a ) , the remainder R is equal to f ( a ).
Polynomial f ( x ) can be expressed as follows.

f ( x ) = ( x - ci ) Q( x ) + R , where Q( x ) is the quotient and R is the remainder.

The identical equation above is true for all values of A , especially x = a.

Therefore, f { a ) = { a - a ) Q{ d ) + R -> f ( a ) - R •
< <

Examples:
1) Interpretation of / (2) = 5 -A The remainder is 5 when f ( x ) is divided by ( x - 2).
2) Interpretation of /(-5) = -3 -> The remainder is -3 when f ( x ) is divided by ( x + 5 ) .

Dr. John Chung’s SAT Math

35
1. When /(x) = x 2 + 3x + k is divided by x - 3 , the remainder is 25. What is the value of k l

2. What is the remainder when x x2 - 3x - l is divided by ( x + 3) ?

A) -36 B) -28 C) 14 D) 36

3 2
3. Find the value of k for which the remainder is zero when x - 5x + x + k is divided by ( x - 1) ?

Factor Theorem
If / ( a ) = 0, then / (x) has a factor of ( x - a ) .
fix) can be expressed with a factor of ( x - a ) as follows.

f ( x ) = ( x - a )Q( x )
Therefore, f ( a ) = 0 means that the remainder is 0.

SAT Practice

1. If ( x - 3) is a factor of x3 - 4 x + k , what is the value of the constant k ?

A) -15 B) -10 C) 10 D ) 15

2. If a polynomial /> ( x ) = x2 + k x - 8 has a factor of ( x - 2) , what is the value of k ?

36
 Circle
A circle is the locus of points equidistant from a given point known as the center.
The standard equation of a circle whose center is at the point ( /2, k ) is

( x - h )2 + ( y - Jc )2 = r 2 , where r - radius .

H SAT Practice
I
1. What is the area of the circle whose equation is x — 4x + y + 2 y =11?
A) 11n B) Yin C) 16;r D) 25n

o o
2. What •is the circumference
• •
of a circle whose equation is x + y - 6 y = 16 ?

A ) \0 n B) 20n C) 30^r D) 40^

A 5(15, 6 )

O
P { k ,0)

3. In the x>> ~ plane above, AB is the diameter of the circle and parallel to the x-axis. What is the value of k ?

& X
(-2,0 ) O (8,0 )
4. The graph of a semicircle is shown in the xy-planc above. Which of the following are the x-coordinates of
two points on this semicircle whose jp-coordinates are equal?

A) 0 and 7 B) 1 and 6 C) 1 and 5 D) 2 and 3

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

37
 Q o
5. In the x>'-planc above, the semicircle has a maximum at point P . What are the coordinates of point Q 1

A) (-4, 0)
B) (-3, 0)
C) (-2, 0)
D) (-1, 0)

Average Speed
Average speed is the total distance divided by the total time taken.

Total distance travelled

Average speed -
Total time taken

Example:
Peter travelled from city A to city B at 60 miles per hour, and then he travelled back along the same route at
40 miles per hour. What is his average speed for the entire trip?

Solution )
D = distance between city A and city B
D_ D 5D D
Total distance = 2 D and Total time taken ~~ ~~

60 40 120 24
2D
Therefore, average speed = 48 mph
D
24
Or
We can use any convenient number for D .
120 120
If D = 120, then t { = = 2 and t 2 = 3.
60 40
Total distance 120 + 120
Therefore, average speed =
Total time 2+3
= 48 mph

38
1. Jason travelled from city A to city B in 4 hours. For the first hour, he drove at a constant speed of 50 miles
per hour. Then he increased his speed and kept it at 60 miles per hour for the next 3 hours. What is his
average speed, miles per hour, for the trip?

A) 55.5
B) 56
C) 57.5
D) 58

2. Claire travelled from city C to city D . The first half of the way , she drove at the constant speed of 40 miles
per hour. Then she increased her speed and travelled the remaining distance at 50 miles per hour. What is her
average speed, miles per hour, for the trip?

4
A) 44-
9

B) 44-
3
C) 45

D) 45 -
3

3. Jackson drove a car from Amherst to Boston at the constant speed of 60 miles per hour . On the way back
along the same route, he drive at a constant speed of 40 miles per hour. If he took 6 hours for the entire trip,
what is the distance, in miles, from Amherst to Boston?

A) 120
B) 144
C) 160
D) 240

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 39

 Amount of increase Amount of decrease
% of increase x 100 % of decrease = x 100
Original amount Original amount

SAT Practice

1. If 20% of 30% of a positive number is equal to 10% of k % of the same number, what is the number?

A) 80 B) 60 C) 40 D) 20

2. The price of a music CD was first increased by 15 % and then the new price was decreased by 30 %. Which
of the following is true about the price after these two changes?

A) The price decreases by 15%.

B) The price decreases by 19.5%.
C) The price decreases by 35%
D) The price decreases by 45%.

3. If 2a + 3b is equal to 250 percent of 6 b , what is the value of —ba ?

1
A) -
3
B) 3
C) 6

D) 9

4. If 25 percent of m is 50, what is 15 percent of 2ml

A) 80
B) 60
C) 50
D) 40

40
 TIPS
5. The cost of an automobile increases each by 2.5%, and the cost this year is $20,000. If the cost of the
automobile is given by C ( n ) = 20, OOOx” , what is the value of x ?

A) 1.25
B) 1.025
C) 0.25
D) 0.025

6. Tom’s weekly salary was increased from $500 to $ 1 ,000 this week. By what percent was his salary
increased?

A) 50%
B) 100%
C) 200%
D) 400%

7. If the price of a stock rises by 6 percent one day falls 5 percent next day, what was the change in the price of
the stock after these two days?

A) The price rose by 0.5%

B) The price rose by 0.7%
C) The price rose by 1%
D) The price rose by 1.5%

8. If a is 25 percent of 2b , then b is what percent of a ?

A) 50%
B) 75%
C) 100%
D) 200%

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 41

 TIPS
Ratios and Proportion
Ratio
g
A ratio is a comparison of two numbers. We can write this as 8:12 or as a fraction — ’ and we say the ratio is eight
12
to twelve.

Proportion
A proportion is an equation with a ratio on each side. It is a statement that two ratios are equal.

— =— is an example of a proportion.

Rate
A rate is a ratio that expresses how long it takes to do something, such as traveling a certain distance. To walk 3
kilometers in one hour is to walk at the rate of 3 km/h. The fraction expressing a rate has units of distance in the
numerator and units of time in the denominator.

Example 1:
Juan runs 4 km in 30 minutes. At that rate, how far could he run in 45 minutes?

Solution )
Give the unknown quantity the name n. In this case, n is the number of km Juan could run in 45 minutes at the
given rate. We know that running 4 km in 30 minutes is the same as running n km in 45 minutes; that is, the rates
4 n
are the same. So we have the proportion — = — .
30 45
Finding the cross products and setting them equal, we get 30 x n = 4 x 45, or 30/? = 180. Dividing both sides by 30,
we find that n — 180 ^ 30 = 6 and the answer is 6 km.

SAT Practice I
1. If the cost of a 6-minute telephone call is $ 1.20, then at this rate, what is the cost of a 15- minute call?

A) $2.00
B) $3.00
C) $3.25
D) $3.75

42
 TIPS
2. In 5 years the ratio of Julie’s age to Song’s age will be 3:5. In 10 years the ratio of Julie’s age to Song’ s age
will be 2:3. What is the sum of their current ages?

A) 15
B) 20
C) 30
D) 35

3. If - =
y —2 and 2x + 5 y = 76 , what is the value of x ?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 8
D) 16

7
4. If a is divisible by 2, b is divisible by 5, and —b -, where a and b are positive numbers, and a + b < 400 ,

what is one possible value of a + b l

Ratios in Similar Figures

Two polygons are similar if and only if their corresponding angles are congruent and their corresponding sides are
in proportion.

Remember:
If the ratio of the corresponding lengths is a : b , then the ratio of the areas is a : b and the ratio of the volumes is
o’ : b3 .

SAT Practice
H

1. In the figure above, the ratio of the circumference of circle O to the circumference of circle P is 2:3.
If the area of circle O is 20, what is the area of circle PI

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 43

 a

2. The figure above shows two equilateral triangles with a side a and a side b. If —b = —2 and the area of AABC

is 30, what is the area of ARST 1

3. In the figure above, the radius of the larger circle is — times the radius of the smaller circle. If the area of the

smaller circle is 28, what is the area of the shaded region?

A) 70
B) 112
C) 147
D) 175

4. In the figure above, circles P and Q are tangent each other and internally tangent to the largest circle. The
ratio of the radius of circle P to the radius of circle Q is 3:1. If the area of the shaded region is 96n, what is
the radius of circle Q7

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

44
 A Q R

5. In the figure above, the ratio of the lengths AQ : QR : RC = 2 : 2 : 3. If the area of quadrilateral PQRS is 48,
what is the area of AABC. 1

A) 96
B) 124
C) 147
D) 192

P 0
M

R S

6. In the figure above, PQ is parallel to RS . The ratio of the area of APQM to the area of ASRM is 4:9. If
the perimeter of APQM is 15, what is the perimeter of ASRM ?

A) 22.5
B) 33.75
C) 35.5
D) 37.5

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 45

 Percent of a Solution (Mixture)
The percent of a solution is expressed as the percentage of solute over the total amount of solution.

p% of a solution is
Solute P
Total amount of solution 100

Or

Solute
x l O O = p%
Total amount of solution

SAT Practice

1. How many gallons of water must be added to 40 gallons of a 10% alcohol solution to produce an 8% alcohol
solution ?

A) 5
B) 8
C) 10
D) 12

2. How many gallons of a 20% salt solution must be added to 10 gallons of a 50% salt solution to produce 30%
salt solution?

A) 5 gallons
B) 10 gallons
C) 15 gallons
D) 20 gallons

3. How many quarts of alcohol must be added to 10 quarts of a 25% alcohol solution to produce a 40% alcohol
solution?

A) 2.5 quarts
B) 8 quarts
C) 10 quarts
D) 15quarts

46
4. How many gallons of acid must be added to G gallons of a k% acid solution to bring it up to an m%
solution?

G
A)
100 - m
Gm
B)
100 m —
G( m - k )
C)
100 - m
D)
100 /77 —
G( m - k )

Tip 25 Exponents
The exponent is the number of times the base is used as a factor.

5 = base
52 = 25 < 2 = exponent
25 = power

The mathematical operations of exponents are as follows.

1) aman = a m+n

2) ( a'" J = amn
3) ( ab )m = ‘
a‘
b

V1 a"
4 > ! bn
1
a
m

6) a n = yfa

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

47
1. If j(-2) (8)21 = ( 24 ) , what is the positive value of
3
n?

A) 6
B) 7
C) 8
D) 9

2. If 43 + 43 + 43 + 43 = 2", what is the value of « ?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

o
C
2
3. If m and n are positive and 5m n = 20m /7 , what is the value of m in terms of n ?

1
A)
4n

b) 4n

c) 4n

D) 2«2

-1
and b are positive integers, [ a
2
4. If = 16 , and b - a , which of the following could be the value of a ?

A) 0
B) 2
C) 4
D) 8

5. x 23 - 27 , what is the value of k l

2
If k

1
A) 2 B) 4 C) 8
°> 4

48
 TIPS
6. If p and q are positive numbers, p
~ ~

= 2 , and q =4 , what is the value of pq ?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

l
7. If a and b are positive integers and ( a6 b4 j2 = 675 , what is the value of a + b l

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

Tip 26 Defined Operations

The defined operations are mathematical models (symbolic representations/notational systems/sign systems) of
certain situations.

Example:
If the operation A is defined by k a = a 1 , what is the value of
A4

Solution)
8 4
( 23 ) = ( 22 ) = 2*
8 4
A8 = 8 = 224 and A4 = 4

8 224
Therefore, the answer is =2 24-8
= 216 .
4 2s

H SAT Practice
a+ b
i
1. Let the operation 0 be defined for all numbers by a Ob . If p O q = 3, what is the value of —P ?
a-b q
1
A) -
2
B) 1

o l2
D) 2

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 49

 (X
2. Let the operation A be defined by aAb — for all positive numbers. If 4A(£ A6) = 3 , what is the value of kl
b

A) 4
B) 8
C) 12
D) 20

3. Let the operation be defined by nk = n( n - 1)( « - 2)( « - 3) ( 2 )( l ) , where n is a positive integer. Which of
A
the following is equivalent to ( « + l ) ?

A) n{ nk )
B) ( n +\ )( n +\ )
C) n( n -1)A
D) { n +\ )nk

Functions as Models
Functions as Models

A function can serve as a simple kind of mathematical model, or a simple piece of a larger model . Remember that a
function is just a rule. We can think of the rule (given in our model as a graph, a formula, or a table of values) as a
representation of some natural cause and effect relationship.

SAT Practice

200x - 400
1. The total cost c , in dollars, of repairing shoes is given by the function c( x ) = + k , where x is the
x
number of repairing shoes and k is a constant. If 50 shoes were repaired at a cost of $300, what is the value of
kl

A) 100
B) 108
C) 126
D) 150

50
2. The value of a computer decreases each year by 1.2 percent. This year the price of the computer was $ 1,200.
If the price p of the computer n years from now is given by the function p( n ) = 1, 200c" , what is the value of
c?

A) 0.012
B) 0.88
C) 0.988
D) 1.012

3. Let the function m , average rate of change between a and b in the domain of the function , be defined by

m( x) = mm -
. If f ( x ) = x , what is the value of m between 2 and 3 ?
b-a

A) -2
B) -1
C) 0
D) 1

4. The present value p of a certain car that depreciates for a number of years is defined by p{ t ) = k 1 Y

V IOOJ
where k is the initial value of the car, r is the percent of depreciation per year, and t is the number of years.

If a person purchases the car for $20,000 and the value of the car depreciates by 10% per year, how much will

the value of the car be after three years from the date of purchase?

A) $ 18,000
B) $16,200
C) $14,580
D) $14,000

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 51

 \

TIPS
Tip 28 Combined Rate of Work
These problems involve two people (or any machines) working at different rates. The general formula for solving
combined work rate work problems are as follows.

1 1
1 ) Work rate 2) Time taken together =
Time taken Combined work rate

Let’ s assume we have two workers, John and Chris.

1 ) John can finish a job in a hours when walking alone.

2) Chris can finish a job in b hours when working alone.

If two workers are working together, the number of hours they need to complete the job is given by

Worker Rate Combined work rate Time

John 1/ a 1 1
+
_ a+b ab
Chris \/ b a b ab a+ b

John ’s work rate = —a1 Chris’ work rate = —b1

Combined work rate =
i
—a1 + —b1 = aab+ b
1 ab
Time taken together
Combined work rate a+ b

SAT Practice
H
1. Worker H can finish a job in 5 hours. When worker A works together with worker B , they can finish the job
in 4 hours. How long does it take for worker B to finish the job if he works alone?

A) 8 hours
B) 12 hours
C) 16 hours
D) 20 hours

52
2. Raymond and Peter can paint a house in 20 hours when working together at the same time. If Raymond
works twice as fast as Peter, how long would it take Peter to paint the house if he works alone?

A) 20 hours
B) 30 hours
C) 40 hours
D) 60 hours

3. The swimming pool can be filled by pipe A in 5 hours and by pipe B in 8 hours. How long would it take to
fill the pool if both pipes were used?

1
A) 3 hours
13
2
—
B) 5 hours
3
C) 7 hours

D) 8 —31 hours

4. If it takes 5 people 12 hours to paint 3 identical houses, then how many hours will it take 4 people working at
the same rate to paint 5 identical houses? (Assume they work at the same rate.)

A) 18 hours
B) 19 hours
C) 20 hours
D) 25 hours

Combined Range of Two Intervals

For the interval of JC, a < x b
a = minimum value and b = maximum value
Minimum < Combined Range < Maximum
Example:
5 < A < 1 0 and 2 B < 5
1) 7 A+ B \5 2) 1 0 < 4 - Z? < 5 0
y

3) 0 A- B<8 4) 1 < —B < 5

Dr. John Chung' s SAT Math

53
 SAT Practice

p
1. Given 2 P S and 1 < Q < 4. By how much is the maximum value of
Q
greater than the minimum value

p
of —Q ?

2. If -2 A 2 , and -6 < B -2 , and C = ( A - B )2 , what is the smallest value of C ?

3. If 1 < P < 6 , and 3 Q \ 0 , what is the smallest value of P x Q 7

4. If -2 < x < 4 and -3 < y < 2 , what are all possible values of x — yl
A) x-y<2
-4 <

B) \ < x - y < l
C) \ < x - y < 4
D) -4 < x - y < l

54
 Absolute Value
The absolute value of x, denoted "| x |" (and which is read as "the absolute value of x"), is regarded as the distance of
x from zero.

Properties of absolute value:

-
1 ) If |x| a and a > 0 , then x = a or -a
2) If |x| < a and a > 0, then - a < x < a
3) If x > a and a > 0 , then x > a or x < -a
4) |x| < 5 ++ x 2 < 25 <-» - 5 < x < 5
5) |x| > 5 <-» x 9 > 25 ++ x < -5 orx > 5
6) |x - 10| = |l 0 - x

How do we convert the general interval into an expression using the absolute value?

Example 1 :
For 10 < x < 30 ,
10 + 30
Step 1 : Find the midpoint of 10 and 30. —» = 20
2
Step 2: Find the distance from the midpoint to the end point.
Step 3: Substitute in the form.
-
+ 30 - 20 10 or 20 -10 10
-
-
x - midpoint ] < distance
Therefore, x - 20 < 10 .

Example2:
For x < 10 or x > 30 ,
x - 20| > 10 .

Example 3:
If -8 < x < 2 , then express the interval using absolute value.

Solution)
Step 1 : Find the midpoint between -8 and 2 ->
2
-8 + 2
- -3

Step 2: Find the distance from the midpoint to the endpoint . — > 2 - (-3) 5
-
Step 3: From the figure above, the interval can be expressed with absolute value.
midpoint = -3

8<x < 2 4
*
\ distance 5
> |x — (-3)| < 5
- x +3 < 5

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

55
1. An art class of 20 students took a final exam and ten of the students scored between 78 and 86 in the exam. If
s is defined as the scores of the ten students, which of the following describes all possible values of s ?

A) |s - 82| = 4
B) s + 82| = 4
\
C) |s - 82| < 4
D) |s + 82| < 4

2. At a bottling company , a computerized machine accepts a bottle only if the number of fluid ounces is greater
3 4
than or equal to 5 — , and less than or equal to 6 — . If the machine accepts a bottle containing / fluid ounces,

which of the following describes all possible values of /?

A) |/ - 6| < i
B) |/ - 6| < i
C) |/ + 6| > i
D) |6 - /|< ±

3. At the O.K Daily Milk Company, machine X fills a box with milk, and machine Y eliminates milk- box if
the weight is less than 450 grams, or greater than 500 grams. If the weight of the box that will be eliminated
by machine Y is E , in grams, which of the following describes all possible values of E ?

A) |£ - 475| < 25
B) |£ - 500| > 450
C) |475 - £| = 25
D) |£ - 475| > 25

56
 TIPS
Parallel Lines with Transversal
A transversal is a line that intersects parallel lines. When it intersects parallel lines, many angles are congruent.

If a set of parallel lines are cut by a transversal, each of the parallel lines has 4 angles surrounding the intersection as
follows.

1/ 2
3/ 4

5/6
7 /8

Z1 = Z4 and Z2 = Z3 : Vertical angles Z2 = Z6 and Z4 = Z8 : Corresponding angles

Z3 = Z6 and Z4 = Z5 : Alternate angles Z3 + Z5 = 180° and Z4 + Z6 = 180° :

Sum of the interior angles in the same side is 180° .

SAT Practice
I
B / A
i

Note: Figure not drawn to scale.

1. In the figure above, If AB = BM = DM = DE and i \ \ m , what is the measure of ZAME ?

A) 50°
B) 60°
C) 75°
D) 90°

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 57

 a
- t
k°

b° m
Note: Figure not drawn to scale.

2. In the figure above, (, \\ m , a = 65 , and b = 45. What is the value of k l

A) 80
B) 90
C) 100
D) 110

3. In the figure above, line m is parallel to line n . Which of the following must be true?

I. a = c
II. d = g
III . 6 + e = 180

( A) I only
( B) 11 only
(C) III only
( D) II and III only

58
 Tip 32 Triangle Inequality
Triangle Inequality Theorem

Theoreml :
The length of one side of a triangle is less than the sum of the other two sides and is greater than the difference of
the other two sides.

c
We can say that

a ~ b <c<a+b .

Theorem 2:
In a triangle, the longest side has the opposite largest angle.

Theorem 3:
The measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the measures of its two nonadjacent interior
angles.

b°

interior angle exterior angle

~ o
a co ~ a
0 , 7
-4- b 0

SAT Practice

1. If the lengths of the sides of A A B C is 3, x + 3, and 9, which of the following could be the value of x l

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

59
 4
Q

6
3

P 8

2. In the figure above, which of the following could be the length of PQ ?

A) 9
B) 8
C) 7
D) 6

3. Which of the following CANNOT be possible to construct a triangle with the given side lengths?

A) 6, 7, 11
B) 3, 6, 9
C) 28, 34, 39
D) 35, 120, 125

Two triangles with the same height h are shown above. If the ratio of BD to DC is a : b , then the ratio of the areas
of A4 BD to AADC is also a : b.

BDxh DCxh
Ratio of areas —> 2 2
= BD : DC = a : b

60
1. In rectangle ABCD above, ZABE = 60° and BC = 10. what is the area of triangle ABC ?

A) 50
B) 50 3
C) 55 ^
D) 60 N/3

D C

E
A B

2. In the figure above, the ratio of AE to EC is 3:5. If the area of A4 DE is 24, what is the area of rectangle
ABCD ?

A) 64
B) 80
C) 100
D) 128

A
E D
Note: Figure not drawn to scale.
3. In the figure above, the ratio of the lengths AE to ED to DC is 2:3: 4. If the area of AABD is 40, what is the
area of ABDC ?

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 61

 TIPS
Proportions in a Right Triangle

X y z

r
a b
Memorize the formulas.

”2 = ( a +2 )
b y
1 ) x2 = a( a+ b ) 2) y 2 = a b - 3) z 2 = b[b + a) 4) (area of the triangle)

SAT Practice

1. In A A B C above, A B = 6 and A D = 3. What is the length of C D ?

Questions 2-4 refer to the following information.

B

A Jj
9 D 16
-C
In the figure above, A D = 9 and C D = 16.

2. What is the length of A B ?

A) 12
B) 14
C) 15
D) 18

64
3. What is the length of BC ?

A) 18
B) 20
C) 25
D) 28

4. What is the length of BD ?

A) 10
B) 12
C) 15
D) 18

Tip 36 Pythagorean Theorem

In mathematics, the Pythagorean Theorem is a relation in Euclidean geometry among the three sides of a right
triangle. The theorem is named after the Greek mathematician Pythagoras, who by tradition is credited with its
discovery and proof, although knowledge of the theorem almost certainly predates him. The theorem is as follows:

In any right triangle, the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse ( the side opposite the right angle) is equal
to the sum of the areas of the squares whose sides are the two legs ( the two sides that meet at a right angle).

a 2 + b 2 = c 2 (side) A + B = C (area)

C = A+ B

c
A a

n
b
B

Remember: If the figures attached to the right triangle are similar, C = A + B is always true.

Dr. John Chung’s SAT Math 65

 TIPS
SAT Practice

c
A
T.
R
Q
B

1. In the figure above, the area of square A is 16 and the area of square B is 20. What is the length of PR ?

A) 4 B) 6 C) 25 D) 36

E
A

D
C
B

2. Ln the figure above, /SABD, A ACE , and A BCF are equilateral triangles, and the ratio of AB to BC is 1:2.
If the area of tSACE is 20, what is the area of tsABDl

3. In the figure above, which of the following is true about the lengths a and hi

2
C) 80 < ( a + bf < 100
2 2
A) 10 < (a + ft ) < 40 B) 40 < ( a + b ) < 80 D) 100 < ( c? + A )

A C
4. In AABC above, if AB = 10 and AC - 20, what is the length of AD 1

A) 5 B) 4 5
^ C) 6V3
^
D) 8 3

66
 Tip 37 Transformation
Types of transformation in math are:

•Translation : involves “ sliding”the object from one position to another.

•Reflection: involves “ flipping” the object over a line called the line of reflection.
•Rotation: involves “ turning” the object about a point called the center of rotation.
•Dilation: involves a resizing of the object. It could result in an increase in size (enlargement) or a decrease
in size (reduction).

Translation of a graph
If the graph of
y= m
Is translated a units horizontally and b units vertically, then the equation of the translated graph is
—
y - b ~ f ( x - a ) or y f { x - a ) + b

SAT Practice

1. The graph of the line represented by the equation y = -2x + 5 is moved to the left by 3 units and up 1 unit,
what is the equation of the graph of the new line?

A) y = -2 x
B) y = -2x + 4
C) —
y = 2x -5
D) —
y = 2x + 5

2. How does the graph of g ( x ) = x2 - 1 compare to the graph of / (x) = ( x - 2)

2
+1?

A ) The vertex of the graph of / ( x)

moved to the right by 2 units and down by 2 units.
B) The vertex of the graph of f ( x ) moved to the left by 2 units and down by 2 units.
C) The vertex of the graph of /(x) moved to the right by 2 units and up by 2 units.
D) The vertex of the graph of f ( x ) moved to the left by 2 units and up by 2 units.

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 67

 TIPS
Tip 38 Classifying a group in two different ways
Organize the information in a table and use a convenient number.

Example:
3
In a certain group of only senior and junior students, - of the students are boys, and the ratio of seniors to juniors is

4:5. If —2 of girls are seniors, what fraction of the boys are juniors?

Boys Girls Total

4 4
Seniors
15 9
5
Juniors A B
9
3 2
Total 1
5 5

4
2
— of girls are seniors
3
— » —32 x 52
15 5 15 15
5 2 25 _ _6_ _ 19
Therefore, A = ~
'
~

9 15 45 45 45
Question: What fraction of boys are juniors?
19/ 45 _ 19/ 45 19
Final answer is ~ ^
'
3/ 5 27/ 45 27
Or
Use a convenient number 45 for the number of students in the group.

Boys Girls Total

Seniors 8 12 20

Juniors 19 6 25

Total 27 18 45

68
 TIPS
= v\-
SAT Practice

1. Of the 24 company presidents attending a corporate meeting, —3 of the presidents are males and —2 of the
presidents have children. If 2 female presidents do not have children , how many male presidents have
children?

A) 8
B) 10
C) 12
D) 14

Permutation and Combination

Permutation is an arrangement of objects in some specific order. A selection in which order is not important is
called a combination.

1 ) If the order does matter, it is a permutation. The number of permutations of n things taken n at a time is
- - -
nPn = n( n \ )( n - 2 )( n - 3 ) • • 2 \
• Example 1 :
How many different orders can the program for a music recital be arranged if 5 students are to perform?
5 P5 = 5 - 4 - 3 . 2 - 1 = 1 2 0

•Example 2: Permutation with repetition

How many 8-letter arrangements can be made of the letters of the word “ abscissa” ?

This is a permutation where two a and three s are identical. Therefore, the solution is
8 8 ^ 8!
2!3! 2!3!
= 3360.

2 ) If the order doesn ’ t matter, it is a combination .

n\

•Example:
^r =
nC
—( n r )\ r \

How many ways can two boys be selected from a group of 8 boys?
8! 8 - 7
^ 8 2 -
6!2 ! 2
= 28.

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

69
 V.\ TIPS
«1111« SAT Practice I
1. In how many different ways can five students be arranged in a row?

A) 60
B) 80
C) 120
D) 160

2. How many distinct arrangements of the letters of the word LETTER are possible that begins and ends
with a T?

A) 6
B) 12
C) 24
D) 120

3. If a fair die is thrown three times, what is the probability that a 5 comes up exactly two times?

A) —216
B) A
72

D) ~

24

4. In the figure above, the arrow is spun twice on a wheel containing four equally likely regions, numbered 1
through 4. What is the probability that the first digit spun is larger than the second?

1
A)
8
1
B)
4

c l8
1
D)
2

70
 Handshakes
If there are five people in a room, and they shake each other's hands once and only once, how many handshakes are
there altogether?

(A , B) ( A , C) (A , D) (A, E) 4 handshakes
(B, C) ( B, D) (B, E) 3 handshakes
(C, D ) (C, E) 2 handshakes
(D, E) 1 handshake

Therefore there will be

4+3+2+1= 10 handshakes

A B C [ D [ E

Or, we can use a combination.

The number of handshakes is equal to ways to select two people from 8, because two people make one handshake.
Therefore,

5x4
5
^ 2 “

2!
= 10

SAT Practice
1. If you have 12 people in a group and each person shakes everyone else's hand only once, how many
handshakes take place?

A) 132
B) 112
C) 88
D) 66

Dr. John Chung’s SAT Math

71
2. At a party, everybody shakes hands with each other once. If there are 45 handshakes, how many people arc there at
the party?

A) 9
B) 10
C) 11
D) 12

Consecutive Integers I
Integers which follow each other in order, without gaps, from smallest to largest are consecutive integers.

12, 13, 14 and 15 are consecutive integers.

12, 14, 16, 18 are consecutive even integers.
11 , 13, 15, 17 are consecutive odd integers.

Properties of consecutive integers:

For consecutive numbers ( integers), if the first term is a, and the last term is an , the average is equal to median.
Q]
Average (Arithmetic mean) =

Median = Average
Sum of consecutive = median x number of integers
Or, Sum of consecutive = average x number of integers

Example:
For the sequence of consecutive numbers

2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10

. 2 + 3+ 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 +8 + 9+10 ,
Average = =6

But simply we use the formula average =

2 + 10
Average -6
2
That is
Median = Average = 6

Therefore, in the list of consecutive numbers, the average value is equal to the median .

72
1. What is the sum of 11 consecutive integers if the middle one is 30?

A) 60
B) 120
C) 330
D) 660

2. If the median of a list of 99 consecutive integers is 80, what is the greatest integer in the list?

A) 99
B) 128
C) 129
D) 157

3. The median of a list of 10 consecutive even integers is 77. What is the sum of the integers?

A) 700
B) 770
C) 780
D) 800

4. If the median of a list of 30 consecutive odd integers is 120, what is the greatest integer in the list?

A) 145
B) 147
C) 149
D) 151

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math

73
 TIPS
Tip 42 Consecutive Integers II
Example:
The smallest integer of a set of consecutive integers is -10 . If the sum of these integers is 23, how many integers
are in this set?
Solution)

-10,- 9, - 8- 7, , 0, , 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12

sum = 0 sum = 23
We know that the sum of the consecutive integers from -10 to +10 is zero.
Therefore, the number of integers is

1, 2, 3, 4, • • •,10 = 10 integers
0 = 1 integer
— ——
1, — 2, — 3, , 10 = 10 integers
We need two more integers 11 and 12 to have a sum of 23.

Hence, there are 10 + 1 + 10 + 2 = 23 integers .

SAT Practice

1. If the sum of the consecutive integers from -30 to x , inclusive, is 96, what is the value of x ?

A) 30
B) 31
C) 32
D) 33

2. The smallest integer of a set of even consecutive integers is -20. If the sum of these integers is 72, how
many integers are in the set?

A) 24
B) 25
C) 43
D) 44

74
 TIPS
Tip 43 Number of Factors (Positive Divisors)
Let n be a natural number with prime factorization
n = ak ] bk 2 ck* . The number of factors of the number is ( kx + l )( &2 + 1) (£3 + 1).
The number of factors (positive divisors) can be found by adding one to all exponents of prime factors and
multiplying those results together.

Example: For a natural number 12,

12 = 22 X 3'
From the prime factorization, the number of factors is (2 + 1)(1 + 1) = 6.

12 have factors of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 as follows.

22 31
2° x 3° = 1 2' x 3° =2 22 x 3° = 4
2° 3°
2° x 3' =3 2' x 3' = 6 22 X 3 = 12
21 3
22
3 x 2 =6
Each product generate all of the factors.

SAT Practice

1. Let a positive integer n be defined by n - p1 x qA , where p and q are distinct prime numbers. How many
factors does the number n have?

A) 6
B) 8
C) 12
D) 15

2. Let a positive integer k be defined by k = 24 p , where p is a prime number greater than 5. How many
factors does the number k have?

A) 8
B) 16
C) 24
D) 32

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 75

 TIPS
Tip 44 Must be true or Could be true
{ a + bf = { a - bf
The questions can be as follows
( 1 ) If the statement above is true, which of the following must also be true (always true)?
or
( 2) If the statement above is true, which of the following could be true (possibly true)?

Solution)
Simplify the equation until we can make a conclusion as follows.
( .a + bf = a 2 + l a b + b2 ( a - bf = a2 - lab + b2
Then
2 2 2
+ l a b + f = # - l a b + tf
4ab = 0, or ab - 0

a=0
ab - 0
6=0
^ Could be true.
i
Must be true.

For the question (1), the answer is

ab = 0
The answer ab - 0 implies that
(a) When a = 0, b is all real numbers and
( b) When b = 0, a is all real numbers.

For the question (2), there are two answers.

a - 0 , or b - 0
(a) When a - 0, b can be any real number.
Or
( b) When b - 0, a can be any real number.

SAT Practice
I. If k ( a - b ) - a - b , which of the following could be true?

I. k = 1
II. a - 1 and b = l
III . a = b

A) II only B) III only C) I and III only D) I, II, and III

76
 TIPS
2. If a + ft = lab , which of the following must be true?
I. 0 = 1
II. a = b
III. a = 0 and ft = 0

A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) I and II only

Tip 45 Complex Numbers

Imaginary number: i = VM and i 2 = -1
Example:

/
A - 4
-V
/ 4 = 2/ V-12 = iyfi2 = 2A/3
Complex number: a + bi , where a and b are real numbers and = VM . /

a = the real part of a + 6/ and ft = imaginary part of a + ft /

Property :
1 ) Two complex numbers are equal if and only if their real parts are equal and their imaginary parts are equal.

a + bi = c + di — > a - b and c ~ d
2) |a + bi \ = la
\
2
+ ft 2 ( Distance from the origin)
A Im
z = a + bi

& \ 1
z = a 4- ft / -> The length of the line segment

Real

Complex plane

SAT Practice

1. If a + b + (a - b ) i - 6 - 4 /, what is the value of a ?

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 77

 2 + 3/
= a + bi
1 - 2i

2. In the equation above, i = >[- [ . What is the value of b ?

4 4 7
A) -- B) - C)
5 5 5

3, What is the value of V-12 x V-3 ?

A) -36
B) -6
C) 6
D) 36

a = 10 + & / - ( // - 5) /',
'

4. In the equation above, a and b are real numbers and i = What is the value of b"!

5. If i = V-1, which of the following is equal to /

126
?

A) / B) -1 C) -/ D) 1

'
X 9
6. Which of the following could be the solution of x - 2x + 3x - 0 ?

A) 1

B) 3

C) 1+/ 2 V
D , !^ 2
+
2
/-

78
 Tip 46 Circle (Geometry)
.
1 Central angle: ZAOB

2. Inscribed angle: ZACB

3. Major arc: ACB

4. Minor arc: AB

5. Central angle = 2 x Inscribed angle

6. ZACB = 90° .
7 AP - BP and ZAOB + ZAPB = 180° , AO ± AP } BO1 BP

8. a + c = 180° and 6 +
^ = 180
°

The length of the minor arc: i = rO

, where 6 is in radian measure.
The area of the sector: A = — ( r ^)
2

11- /r ( radian ) = 180°

Dr. John Chung’s SAT Math 79

1. In the figure above, PQ and RQ are tangent to the circle at points P and R. If the radius of the circle is 12,
what is the length of minor arc PR ?

A) 47T B) 6;r C ) 8n D) IOTT

2. In the figure above, point O is the center of the circle, BA and BC are tangent to the circle at points
A and C. If the measure of ZAOC is 105° , what is the measure of ZABC in degrees?

Questions 3 and 4 refer to the following figure.

57T
In the figure above, the measure of ZAOB is radians and the radius of the circle is 36.
12

3. What is the length of the minor arc AB ?

A) 1 OTT B) 15n C) 20# D) 36#

80
 TIPS
4. What is the area of sector AOB ?

A) 135 # B) 180 # C) 270 # D) 360 #

10

A 24
-c
5. In the figure above, each side of right triangle ABC with ZB = 90° are tangent to the circle. The length of
AB is 10 and the length of BC is 24. What is the radius of the circle?

Trigonometric Function
Trigonometric Function:
B

Hypotenuse
c a
Opposite side to angled

A C
b
Adjacent side to angle A

a
sin 0 = —c cos 0 - —c tan 0^ = —
b

Cofunction:
sin
^=— andcos £ = — (
-» sin A = cos /? , because the triangle is a right triangle ZC = 90° or Z + Z
^ ^ = 90 ) .
°

Definition: In right triangle above,

1 ) If ZA + ZB = 90° , then sin ZA = cos ZB. 2) If sin ZA - cos ZB , then ZA + ZB = 90°

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 81

 SAT Practice

1. In the figure above, the length of AB is 10. If the value of sin ZACB is 0.4, what is the length of AC ?

2. In rectangle ABCD above, the value of tan ZBAE = 0.6 and the value of tan ZEDC is 0.25 . What is the
BE
value of
EC ^

A - C
D
3. In the figure above, the length of BC is 15 and the value of cos ZBAC is 0.8. What is the length of BD ?

A) 8 B) 10 C) 12 D) 13

4. If sin ( 3x + 5 )° cos ( 2x -15)° in a right triangle, what is the value of x ?

82
The probability of an event is the number of ways that the event can occur, divided by the total number of possible
outcomes. The symbolic form is

n( E )
P( E ) =
n( S )

1 ) P( E ) represents the probability of event E\

2 ) n( E ) represents the number of ways that event E can occur;

3) n{ S ) represents the number of possible outcomes in sample space S.

Example 1:
A bag contains 3 red marbles and 4 blue marbles. What is the probability that you select one red marble and one
blue, at random , from the bag?

Solution )
There are two different selections.
RB or BR
Therefore,
3 4 12
— — 4 3 12
P( R and B) = x = , P ( B and R ) = - x - =
7 6 42 7 6 42 —
12 1 2 _ 2 4 _ 4
The answer is ~~ “

42 42 42 7

SAT Practice

l. A bag contains 3 red marbles and 3 blue marbles. What is the probability that you draw two red marbles
without replacement?

1
A) -
9

C,I
D)
i

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 83

 3 5 9
2. The three cards shown above were taken from a box of ten cards, each with a different integer on it from 1 to
10. What is the probability that the next two cards selected from the box will have both even integer on it?

10
A)
21
12
B)
23
c> *
D |
> 7

3. In a box, there are b blue marbles and g green marbles. If a person selects two marbles, what is the
probability that both marbles are blue?

A)
b+ g
b
B)
b+ g + 1
bxb
C)
( b + g )( b + g -1)

D)
bib -1)
( b + g )( b + g - 1)

4. Ifa number is chosen at random from the set {-15, - 10, - 5, 0, 5, 10, 15, 20} , what is the probability that
it is a member of the solution set of x + 2| < 8 ?

( A) 0

1
<B) ~

(C) l8
1
<D) 2

84
 Geometric Probability
"Geometric probability" is the probability dealing with the areas of regions instead of the "number" of outcomes.
The equation becomes

Favorable region
Probability =
Area of total region

A typical problem might be this: if you are throwing a dart at the rectangular target below and are equally likely to
hit any point on the target, what is the probability that you will hit the small square?
25cm

10cm

Probablity =
favorable _ 25cm
”
_1
”

total 250cm 2 10

This means that there is a 1 in 10 chance that a dart thrown at the rectangle will hit the small square.

SAT Practice

1. In the figure above, the radius of the circle P is 2, the radius of the circle Q is 4, and AB is the diameter of
the largest circle. If a dart is thrown at the circular target and is equally likely to hit any point on the target,
what is the probability that the dart will hit the shaded region ?

*> 1
C) -
9
D) -9

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 85

 B c
/
/

m
^*^* - ***
D
A •
111 I
* **

In the figure above, a circle is inside of and outside of a square. If a point is chosen at random from square
A BCD , what is the probability that the point is chosen from the shaded region?

1
A)
4
- 50
B)
100
TT - 2
C)
8
71 - 2
D)
4

86
 Tip 50 Data Interpretation
Data interpretation problems usually require two basic steps. First, you have to read a chart or graph in order to
obtain certain information. Then, second , you have to apply or manipulate the information in order to obtain an
answer. Be sure to read all notes related to the data.

GEOMETRY TEST RESULTS

FOR 10 STUDENTS
100
—
11
B
i >

80
A

60 *
*
£

20
10 60 80 100
Test 1

In the scatter plot above, students got 30 on test 1 and 70 on test 2. Student B got 70 on test land 90 on test 2.

1 ) What is the median score on test 1 and 2?

(Sol) On test 1
30, 40, 50, 50, 60, 70, 80, 80, 80, 100
60 + 70
The median is = 65 .
2
( Sol) On test 2
50, 50, 60, 60, 70, 70, 80, 90, 90, 100
The median is 70.

2 ) What is the average (arithmetic mean) on test 1 ?

(Sol) The average is

30 + 40 + 50 + 50 + 60 + 70 + 80 + 80 + 80 + 100
10
— = 64.

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 87

 SAT Practice

COST VS. WEIGHT

FOR 10 MEATS
$6
$5
c/o
$4
cj $3
$2
$1
O

Pounds

1. For 10 meats of different weights, the cost and weight of each are displayed in the scatter plot above, and the
line of best fit for the data is shown . Which of the following is closest to the average (arithmetic mean) cost
per pound for the 10 meats?

A) $0.18 B) $0.56 C) $0.62 D) $0.73

ITEMS PURCHASED
BY EACH CUSTOMER
Numbers of Number of
Customers Items
10 10
25 8
45 5
50 Fewer than 5

2. The table above shows the number of items 130 customers purchased from a stationery store during on
Sunday. Which of the following can be obtained from the information in the table?

I. The average (arithmetic mean) number

of items
II . The median number of items.
III. The mode of the number of items.

A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) I and II only

88
 Tip 51 Expected Value
Expected value E ( X ) is a weighted average that involves multiplying each possible outcome with its probability to
get the expected value.

The expected value or mean is computed as follows.

-
E( X ) = n P ( n )
Where,
E( X ) = expected value
n = an outcome
P( n ) = probability of that outcome

Expected value is merely an average. If we were to flip a coin 20 times, the frequency weighted average of Head
will be 10 times. Because the probability of getting a head is —2 . Therefore
£( head ) = n x P = 2 0 x —1 = 10
Example:
When you roll a die, you will be $5 for odd number and $2 for even number. What is the expected value
of money you get paid for one roll of the die?

1 2 3 4 5 6

P 1/ 6 1/ 6 1/6 1/ 6 1/ 6 1/6

Amount 5 2 5 2 5 2

Therefore
(n I I 1 I\
/ i

EV 0 = 5 - +2 — +5 — +2 — +5
{6J
-
;
1 + 2 - = $3.50
Vo \6 J
^ 6 V 6J

SAT Practice
H
i
I. If the probability of a boy’s being born is - , and if a family plans to have 6 children, what is the expected

number of boys?

A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 89

 TIPS

2. A carnival game consists of tossing a dart, which lands at a random spot within the larger circle. The shaded region
loses $45 and the unshaded region wins $90. If the ratio of the radius of the smaller circle to the radius of the larger
circle is 1 :3, which of the following can be expected in this game?

A) lose $30
B) lose $10
C) earn $10
D) earn $20

Linear Correlation Coefficient

The linear correlation coefficient, r, measures the strength and the direction of a linear relationship between
two variables.

— 1< r <1
1) Positive correlation : If variables x and y have a strong positive linear correlation , 0.8 < r < 1 .
For x increases, y also increases.
2) Negative correlation: If variables x and y have a strong negative correlation, -1 < r < -0.8.
For x increases, y decreases.
3) No correlation: If there is no linear correlation or a weak linear correlation, r is close to 0.
Nonlinear relationship between two variables.
4) Perfect correlation : The data points all lie exactly on a straight line, r = 1 or r = -1 .

The strength of the correlation:

1) -1 < r < -0.8 — » strong negative correlation
2) —
0.8 < r < 1 » strong positive correlation
3) -0.8 < r < 0.8 —> weak correlation

90
 TIPS
SAT Practice
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1. In the scatterplot above, which of the following best represents the con-elation coefficient between two variables?

A) -1 B) -0.9 C) 0.9 D) 1

2. Which of the following graphs best represents a strong positive association between x and y l

A) B) C) D)

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Tip 53 Standard Deviation

Standard deviation is a measure of dispersion of a set of data values from the mean.

“ The greater standard deviation, the greater the spread of data values from the mean”

1 ) A standard deviation close to 0: The data points tend to be very close to the mean.
2) A high standard deviation: The data points are spread out over a wider range of values.

Example:
For each data set: {10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10,10} — > Standard deviation is 0.
{8, 9, 10, 10, 10, 9, 8} — » Standard deviation is 0.83.
{7, 8, 9, 10, 9, 8, 7} -> Standard deviation is 1.03.

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 91

Questions 1 and 2 refer to the following information.

Data Set 1: { l, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 3, 5, 6, 8}
Data Set 2: { 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4 , 4 , 4 , 5 , 5}
Data Set 3: {3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4 , 4 , 4 , 4 , 4}

1. From the data sets above, which data set appears to have the largest standard deviation?

A) Data set 1 B) Data set 2 C) Data set 3 D) It cannot be determined from the information given.

2. Which data set appears to have the smallest standard deviation?

A) Data set 1 B) Data set 2 C) Data set 3 D) It cannot be determined from the information given.

Solid
Rectangular solid :

x
B
yA
Z

A Surface area = 2( xy + yz + zx ) A Volume = xyz Jx

Length of diagonal AB = < 2 2
+ y -f z
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Cylinder:

A Surface
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area = 2nr + 2 nrh = 2nr ( r + h) A Volume - nr h

n
yj
Length of AB - ( 2r )2 + h2

92
Cone:

A Surface area = nr 2 + nri A Lateral area = nri A volume = -

SAT Practice

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A

1. In the figure above, if the volume of the cube is 64, what is the length of AB ( not shown)?

B) 4V2
A) 4 C) 4 3
^ D) 8

2. If the surface area of a cube is 96, what is the volume of the cube?

A) 8
B) 27
C) 64
D) 81

Dr. John Chung's SAT Math 93

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TIPS
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3* In the rectangular solid above, the area of region I (side) is 8, the area of region II ( top) is 10, and the area of
region III ( front) is 20. What is the volume of the solid?

A) 40
B) 60
C) 80
D) 100

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4. The cylinder shown above has a radius of r and a height of h. If r - /z , what is the surface area of the cylinder?

A) Inr 1
B) 2 xr 3
C) 4nr 1
D) 4;rr 3

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5. In the figure above, the volume of the cylinder is equal to the volume of the cone. What is the value of —?
A) V2
B) V3
C) 3
D) 9

94