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P530/1
BIOLOGY
PAPER 1, S.5
2 ½ HOURS
ST. JOSEPH’S SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL- NAGGALAMA
UGANDA ADVANCED CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION
SENIOR FIVE
BEGINNING OF TERM TWO EXAMINATIONS 2018
BIOLOGY (THEORY) PAPER 1
2 HOURS 30 MINUTES
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
This paper consists of section A and B
Answer All questions in both Sections A and B.
Section A
Write answers to this section in the answer grid provided
section B
Answers to section B strictly should be written in the spaces provided.
No additional sheets should be included
Section A Answer Grid
1 11 21 31
2 12 22 32
3 13 23 33
4 14 24 34
5 15 25 35
6 16 26 36
7 17 27 37
8 18 28 38
9 19 29 39
10 20 30 40
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Section A, (40 marks);
1. Starch, glycogen and cellulose are all composed of;
A. α- glucose C. β-glucose
B. Monosaccharides D. Polysaccharides
2. The cell structure lacking elaborate internal structure is the;
A. Mitochondrion. C. Lysosome.
B. Centriole. D. Endoplasmic reticulum.
3. The biological role of protein depends on;
A. The sequence of amino acids.
B. Pattern of folding of amino acids.
C. Other protein molecules with which it is associated.
D. Its three-dimensional shape.
4. Walls of plant cells are largely composed of polysaccharides and proteins that are
synthesized;
A. Externally to the plasma membrane.
B. In the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
C. In the Golgi apparatus.
D. In both the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.
5. Which of these is not a major function of liquids in the body? Lipids
A. Control iron intake in body cells. C. Synthesizes hormones.
B. Are long term energy stores. D. Are insulators.
6. Which one of the following events occurs during telophase of mitosis in the meristematic
cells of a root tip?
A. Cleavage of cytoplasm B. Replication of the centrioles
C. Replication of the chromosomes D. Formation of the cell plate
7. Which one of the following is the main function of the golgi apparatus in a living cell?
A. Destruction of worn out cell organelles
B. Synthesis of cell wall components
C. Synthesis of proteins
D. Intracellular transport
8. The activity of an enzyme in a chemical reaction depends on the
A. Molecular weight of the enzyme
B. Protein nature of the enzyme
C. Activation energy of the enzyme
D. Surface configuration of the enzyme
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9. Which one of these is a function performed by chiasmata? They
A. Facilitate separation of homologous chromosomes
B. Enable exchange of genetic material between homologous chromatids
C. Facilitate separation of sister chromatids
D. Enable exchange of genetic material between sister chromatids.
10. In the lock and key hypothesis for the mechanism of enzyme action, how does the
inhibitor substance stop enzyme action? By
A. Raising activation energy
B. Distorting substrate molecule
C. Destroying the co-enzymes
D. Occupying active sites on substrate and enzyme
11. When does synapsis occur during meiosis?
A. Anaphase I C. Metaphase I
B. Prophase I D. Prophase II
12. When in mitosis does spindle formation occur?
A. Anaphase B. Interphase C. Prophase D. Metaphase
13. What effect does an increase in temperature have on the enzyme?
(i) It increases the kinetic energy of the molecules in the enzyme
(ii) It gradually breaks the hydrogen bonds first
(iii) It gradually breaks sulphur bridges first
(iv) It immediately denatures the enzyme
A. (i) and (ii) C. (i), (ii) and (iii)
B. (ii) only D. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
14. Which of the following is the longest phase in cell division?
A. Telophase B. Prophase C. Prophase I D. Interphase
15. The haploid state is maintained during meiosis because
A. Mitosis forms 2 daughter cells during telophase
B. The 2 chromatids have similar nature and number of chromosomes
C. Anaphase allows separation of homologous chromosomes
D. Chromosomes coil during prophase.
16. Bacteria cell walls contain;
A. Cellulose
B. Lignin
C. Peptidoglycan murein
D. Chitin
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17. The following are components of the cell surface membrane except;
A. Proteins
B. Carbohydrates
C. Phospholipids
D. Waxes
18. The part of the cell where ribosomes are manufactured is;
A. Nucleus
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Nucleolus
19. During the regulation of the cell cycle, a cell only proceeds to mitosis if it passes the;
A. G1 check point
B. S- check point
C. G2 check point
D. Mitosis promoter
20. Which of the following consists of a single species?
A. Home
B. Community
C. Ecosystem
D. Population
21. What is meant by an ecological niche
A. Condition in which the organism lives
B. Specific localities within a particular set of conditions
C. Geographical regions, cutting across continents.
D. Precise place of an organism and what it does there.
22. Which one of the following is correct about organisms in an ecosystem?
A. Some organism exists in isolation
B. Every organism can be independent
C. All organisms interact with each other
D. Each organism has a different source of food.
23. For the reaction it catalyzes, an enzyme will
A. Shift the equilibrium point.
B. Reduce the activation energy
C. Increase the rate between 0oc and 60oc.
D. Work best within a PH range of 5 to 9.
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24. Which one the following describe the turnover number of an enzyme.
A. Number of molecules affected by the enzyme
B. Number of substrate molecules turned into its products per minute
C. Number of products molecules
D. Number of substrate molecules catalyzes per minutes.
25. Which of the following is true about noncompetitive inhibition in enzymes catalyzed
reactions?
A. The degree of inhibition decreases with increase in substrate concentration
B. The inhibitor has a similar structure and chemical composition with the substrate
C. The degree of inhibition is independent of the substrate.
D. The shape of the enzymes in not affected by the inhibitor.
26. Which one of the following is not a function of globular proteins in the body?
A. Act as buffers in blood plasms
B. Form structural proteins
C. Are vital constituents of plasms membrane
D. Form enzymes.
27. In the body, proteins may combine with acids or bases depending on the;
A. Temperature of the medium
B. Hydrogen ion concentration in the medium
C. Number of solvent molecules present in the medium
D. Number of amino acid molecules in the protein
28. A layer of wax deposited over chitin in exoskeleton is used for;
A. Reduce the weight of the exoskeleton
B. Make chitin impermeable to water
C. Allowing flexibility of the body
D. Further hardening for protection
29. Polar amino acids and cellulose are similar, in that;
A. Are polysaccharides
B. Contain nitrogen
C. Synthesize enzymes
D. Contain hydrogen atoms.
30. The main difference between chitin and cellulose is that in chitin;
A. The hydroxyl group in carbon 3 is replaced by NHCOCH3
B. The hydroxyl group in carbon 2 is replaced by NHCOOH
C. The hydroxyl group in carbon atom 2 is replaced by NHCOCH3
D. The hydroxyl group in carbon 3 is replaced by CH3CO.
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31. In any ecosystem, a continues input of energy is required because.
A. Matter is continually used in metabolic process
B. Biological succession occurs very slowly
C. Of the continued increase in population in the ecosystem
D. Energy is lost each time it is transferred between organisms
32. Which of the following contributes most to the rate of chemical cycling in an ecosystem?
A. The rate of primary production
B. The efficiency of secondary production
C. The rate of decomposition
D. The trophic efficiency of the ecosystem
33. Aquatic organisms survive under solidified water bodies because
A. Water solidifies from bottom to top of the lakes
B. Ice is less dense than water at 40C
C. Cold water is denser than hot water and falls to the bottom.
D. Warm water floats on top of cold water.
34. Which of the following is true about the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane?
A. The less unsaturated the fatty acid tails of the phospholipid, the more fluid the
membrane
B. The more unsaturated the fatty acid tails of the phospholipid, the more fluid the
membrane
C. The higher the temperature, the less fluid the membrane
D. The lower the temperature, the more fluid the membrane.
35. Which of the following is the major role of the middle lamella in a plant cell?
A. Gives extra strength to the cell
B. Cements together the cell walls of adjacent cells
C. Increases the permeability of the cell war
D. Gives shape to the plant
36. Which one of the following is not a function of globular proteins in the body?
A. Act as buffers in blood plasma
B. Form structural proteins.
C. Are vital constituents of plasma membrane
D. Form enzymes.
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37. At what site does an allosteric inhibitor bind?
A. The active site of an enzyme
B. The active site on the products.
C. A site on an enzyme away from the active site.
D. A site on the reactants not affected by the chemical reaction.
38. Which one of the following does not contribute to the selective permeability of biological
membrane?
A. Specificity of the carrier proteins in the membrane
B. Selectivity of the channel proteins in the membranes
C. Hydrogen bond formation between water and phosphate groups
D. Hydrophobic barrier of the phospholipid bilayer.
39. The figure below shows the effect of adding different percentages of cholesterol to a
membrane on its permeability to glycerol with changes in temperature.
Per No cholesterol
mea
bilit
y of
20% of lipids +
the
cholesterol
mem
bran
e 50% of lipids +
Cholesterol
Temperature 0C
The most appropriate conclusion from the graph is;
A. Membranes are less permeable to glycerol in the absence of cholesterol
B. Adding cholesterol to a membrane decrease its permeability
C. Adding cholesterol to a membrane increases its permeability to glycerol
D. Permeability to glycerol depends on both the level of cholesterol and temperature.
40. One disadvantage of multicellular state is that the individuals cells are;
A. Are always small in size
B. Become less functional
C. Loose independence
D. Become less specialized.
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Section B, (60 marks)
41. (a) (i) Define cytokinesis. (01 mark)
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(ii) Explain how cytokinesis in plant cells differ from that in animal cells? (03 marks)
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(b) (i) How is mitosis significant in bodies of sexually reproducing organisms? (02 marks)
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(ii) Explain why it is necessary to half the number of chromosomes during formation of
gametes. (02 marks)
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(d) (i) Distinguish between mitosis and meiosis, basing only on chromosome number in
daughter cells. (02 marks)
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42. (a) Using examples define the following terms: (03 Marks)
(i) Prosthetic group
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(ii) Coenzyme
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(iii) Activators
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(b) Describe the ‘induced fit’ hypothesis for the action of an enzyme. (03 marks)
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(c) (i) Distinguish between competitive and non-competitive enzyme inhibition.
(02 marks)
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(ii) How does reversible inhibition differ from irreversible inhibition? (02 marks)
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43. (a) Describe how the end product enzyme inhibition occurs. (02 marks)
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(b) Explain how the following factors affect the rate of enzyme action
(i) Temperature. (02 marks)
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(ii) Substrate concentration. (02 marks)
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(iii) PH (02 marks)
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(iv) Enzyme concentration. (02 marks)
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44. (a) What is a protein? (02 marks)
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(b) Describe the following levels of protein structure, with an example of each (06 marks)
(i) Secondary level
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(ii) Tertiary level
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(iii) Quaternary level
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(c) Give any four agents of protein denaturation (02 marks)
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45. The diagram shows some of the effects of sewage and waste copper discharge into a
river.
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(a) (i) What is meant by the term biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)? (01 marks)
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(ii) Explain the changes in BOD shown in the diagram above. (02 marks)
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(b) Explain the changes in nitrate level shown in the diagram. (02 marks)
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(c) Explain the observed population of sewage fungus and the algae as shown on the graph.
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(d) Using evidence from the diagram, suggest how an organism might be used as a pollution
indicator
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(e) Suppose that the chemical works also discharged thermal pollution, suggest one possible
effect on the river’s biological content. (02 marks)
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46. Explain how the following are suited for their functions
(a) Nucleus (03 marks)
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(b) Chloroplast (03 marks)
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(c) Mitochondrion (03 marks)
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(d) Endoplasmic reticular (01 mark)
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