Test1 [200 marks]

1. [Maximum mark: 7] [Link].TZ1.1

Hot air balloons are available in many sizes for different numbers of passengers.

The following table shows the recommended minimum volume of a hot air balloon, in cubic metres, for a specific number of
passengers.

(a) Use your graphic display calculator to find the Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient, r, for these
values. [2]

Markscheme

(r =) 0. 999 (0. 998886 …) A2

[2 marks]

(b.i) Find the equation of the regression line y on x for this data in the form y .
= ax + b [1]

Markscheme

y = 340x + 742 (y = 340. 379 … x + 742. 015 …) A1

Note: Answer must be written as an equation. If the correct answer is seen here but no marks were awarded in part (a), then
award A1A0 for part (a) for accurate GDC data input.

[1 mark]
([Link]) State what the value of a means in the context of the question. [2]

Markscheme

the (recommended minimum) volume (of the hot air balloon) increases by (approximately) 340 m for each additional
3

passenger A1

[1 mark]

(c) Use your regression equation from part (b)(i) to find the recommended minimum volume of a balloon for 10
passengers. [2]

Markscheme

indication of x = 10 in regression equation or graph (M1)

e.g. (y =) 340. 379 … × 10 + 742. 015 … OR graph of regression

equation in approximate correct location with x = 10 indicated

3
4150 (m ) (4145. 81 … (m ))
3
A1

[2 marks]
2. [Maximum mark: 5] [Link].TZ1.2
A car manufacturer collected data about preferred car colour from drivers in various age groups. The results are presented in the
following table.

(a) Write down the value of b. [1]

Markscheme

(b =) 21 A1

[1 mark]

The car manufacturer performs a χ test for independence, at the 1% significance level, to determine if there is significant
2

evidence that different age groups have different car colour preferences.

The null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis are defined as:

H0 : age and car colour preference are independent.

H1 : age and car colour preference are not independent.
The χ critical value for this test is 16. 81.
2

(b) Find the χ test statistic.

2
[2]

Markscheme

(χ
2
calc
=) 18. 3 (18. 3313 …) A2

[2 marks]

(c) Write down the conclusion to the test, in context. Give a reason for your answer. [2]

Markscheme

EITHER

18. 3 > 16. 81 (18. 3313 … > 16. 81) R1

OR

(p =) 0. 00546 < 0. 01 (0. 00545524 … < 0. 01) R1

Note: The p-value 0. 00546 (0. 00545524 …) and the significance level 0. 01 or 1% must both be explicitly stated to award
R1.

THEN

EITHER

(reject H ) there is insufficient evidence to suggest that age and car colour preference are independent / not dependent
0

A1

OR

(accept H ) there is sufficient evidence to suggest that age and car colour preference are not independent
1 A1

Note: The answer to part (c) must be consistent with their χ 2

calc
in part (b). Do not award R0A1.

[2 marks]
3. [Maximum mark: 5] [Link].TZ1.3
A bakery sells boxes of cupcakes at the following prices:

a small box, containing 1 cupcake, costs $4. 50

a medium box, containing 6 cupcakes, costs $23. 50
a large box, containing 12 cupcakes, costs $44. 75.

[Source: ONYXprj, 2017. Realistic cupcakes and cookies. Biscuits muffins packaging, creamy and chocolate bakery products in white box vector illustration [image online]
Available at: [Link] [Accessed 19 April 2024]
Source adapted.]

In a particular week, the bakery sold 88 boxes containing a total of 383 cupcakes. The bakery collected $1486 from cupcake sales
for the week.

The number of boxes of cupcakes sold during the week can be represented by

x + y + z = 88,

where x is the number of small boxes sold, y is the number of medium boxes sold, and z is the number of large boxes sold.

(a) Write down an equation in terms of x, y, and z to represent

(a.i) the number of cupcakes sold during the week. [2]

 Markscheme

x + 6y + 12z = 383 M1A1

Note: Award M1 for at least one correct term other than x and equating to 383, A1 for correct equation.

([Link]) the money collected from sales of cupcakes for the week. [1]

Markscheme

4. 50x + 23. 50y + 44. 75z = 1 486 A1

Note: If no marks were awarded for part (i), award M1 for at least one correct term and equating to 1 486, A1 for correct
equation.

[1 mark]

(b) Hence, use your graphic display calculator to determine the number of medium boxes that were sold during the
week. [2]

Markscheme

EITHER
attempt to solve the simultaneous equations (M1)
e.g., (x =) 53 or (y =) 15 or (z =) 20
 OR
elimination of a variable using algebraic method (M1)

THEN
15 (boxes) A1

Note: The answer 15 must be identified as the final answer to award A1. Award M1A0 if all 3 values are shown as the final
answer.

[2 marks]

4. [Maximum mark: 5] [Link].TZ1.4

A swimming pool has a shallow end where the depth of the water is 1. 2 m and a deep end where the depth of the water is 2. 0 m.
A cross-section of the water in the swimming pool, with additional dimensions, is shown in the diagram.

A safety regulation states that the gradient of the sloped floor of the swimming pool, as shown in the cross-section, must not be
greater than 1

3
.

(a) Show that the swimming pool satisfies the safety regulation. [2]

Markscheme

(gradient =) 0.8

2.7
(0. 296, 0. 296296 … ,
8

27
) A1

0. 296 <
1

3
(0. 333333 …) OR 8

27
<
9

27
R1
 the gradient of the pool is less than the gradient in the regulation / the swimming pool satisfies the safety regulation AG

[2 marks]

The time to fill the pool with water is inversely proportional to the water flow rate, in litres per minute, of the hose being used. A
hose with a water flow rate of 300 litres per minute will completely fill this pool from empty in 4. 5 hours if the hose is run
continuously.

(b) Determine the time it takes to completely fill the pool from empty, using a hose run continuously with a water
flow rate of 170 litres per minute. [3]

Markscheme

expressing inverse proportionality using notation or using multiplication to calculate k (M1)

w ∝
1

t
OR w =
k

t
OR (k =) 300 × 4. 5

300 × 4. 5 = 170 × t or equivalent (A1)

Note: Accept a calculation in minutes (i.e., 300 × 270 = 170 × t ).

(t =) 7. 94 (7. 94117 …) (h) A1

Note: Award full marks for an answer given in minutes (i.e. 476 (476. 470 …) minutes or 7 hours and 56 minutes). “Minutes”
must be shown as the unit.

[3 marks]
5. [Maximum mark: 7] [Link].TZ1.5
A dolphin jumps out of water. The path of its jump can be modelled by a quadratic function using the following variables:

d is the horizontal distance from the point where the dolphin leaves the water

h is the height of the dolphin above the surface of the water.

All distances are measured in metres, from the point where the dolphin leaves the water.

[Source: fitie, 2017. Vector illustration of dolphins [image online] Available at: [Link]
free-illustration/638431854 [Accessed 19 April 2024] Source adapted.]

On a particular jump, the dolphin first reaches a height of 5. 1 m above the surface of the water when the horizontal distance is 3 m
and again when the horizontal distance is 8. 5 m.

(a) Write down the equation of the axis of symmetry of the quadratic function. [2]

Markscheme

d = 5. 75 (d =
23

4
) A1A1

Note: Award A1 for 5. 75 seen, A1 for completely correct equation.

 [2 marks]

The quadratic function that models the dolphin’s jump is h (d) = −0. 2d
2
+ bd , where d > 0 and b is a constant.

(b) Calculate the value of b. [2]

Markscheme

attempt to substitute into the axis of symmetry formula using their 5. 75 OR attempt to substitute the coordinates (3, 5. 1)

or (8. 5, 5. 1) into the function (M1)

5. 75 =
−b

2×(−0.2)
OR 5. 1 = −0. 2 (3)
2
+ 3b OR 5. 1 = −0. 2 (8. 5)
2
+ 8. 5b

(b =) 2. 3 A1

[2 marks]

(c) Find the horizontal distance when the dolphin re-enters the water. [2]

Markscheme

indication of finding zero or attempt to use symmetry (M1)

 h (d) = 0 OR 0 = −0. 2d
2
+ 2. 3d OR 2 × 5. 75 OR 3 − 0 = d − 8. 5 OR resketch of graph with zero indicated

(d =) 11. 5 (m) A1

Note: Award A0 for a FT answer that is less than 8. 5 (contradicts the given information).

[2 marks]

(d) Explain what a negative h-value would mean in this context. [1]

Markscheme

EITHER

the dolphin is below the surface of the water / the dolphin is underwater / the dolphin is in the water R1

OR

the value of h cannot be negative since the definition of the model only applies to the jump R1

[1 mark]

6. [Maximum mark: 6] [Link].TZ1.6

A child’s game is played by making paths in the snow. First, two circular paths are made using the same centre, O. The radius of the
smaller circle is 2. 8 m, and the radius of the larger circle is 4 m. Additional paths are then made from O to the outer edge of the
larger circle, dividing each circle into 5 equal sectors, as shown in the following diagram.
For your calculations, ignore the widths of the paths.

Each region between paths will be coloured with environmentally friendly dye. The shaded region below will be coloured orange.

Maureen has enough orange dye to cover an area of 6 m . 2

(a) Show that Maureen has enough orange dye to cover the shaded region. [3]

Markscheme

attempt to calculate area of a circle using 4 or 2. 8 M1

recognition of multiplication by 1
5
or 72
360
M1

2 2
A =
1

5
( π (4) − π (2. 8) )

π
2
5. 13 (m ) (5. 12707 … (m ),
2 204

125
2
(m ), 1. 632 π (m 2
)) A1

5. 12707 … < 6 OR Maureen has enough AG

Note: Do not award the final A1 for the area unless a comparison to 6 is shown OR a statement of having enough is seen.

[3 marks]
During the game, the players start at the entrance and must travel only along the paths made in the snow. Maureen travels from
the entrance along the path shown in the following diagram.

(b) Calculate the distance Maureen travels along this path, starting from the entrance and returning to the entrance. [3]

Markscheme

(C =) 2 π (4) (25. 1327 …) (A1)

recognition to multiply by 3

5
or 216

360
(M1)

5
× 2 π (4) + 2 × 4

π
A1
24
23. 1 (m) (23. 0796 … (m), + 8)
5

[3 marks]
7. [Maximum mark: 5] [Link].TZ1.7
Children inherit genes from their biological parents that determine their eye colour.

Maria and Alex plan to have 5 children. The probability that a child born to Maria and Alex will have brown eyes is 0. 75. It is
assumed that a child’s eye colour is independent of any other child’s eye colour.

Maria and Alex wish to predict how many of their 5 children will have brown eyes.

(a) State one criterion, in addition to independence, that would support them using a binomial distribution to find
probabilities for their prediction. [1]

Markscheme

Any one of these criteria:

number of trials/children is fixed (at 5)

two possible outcomes (for each trial/child with success being brown eyes, failure being not
brown eyes)
the probability of brown eyes/success is constant/the same (for each child/outcome) R1

[1 mark]

(b) Calculate the probability that

(b.i) exactly 3 of the 5 children will have brown eyes. [2]

Markscheme

X~B (5, 0. 75)

0. 264 (0. 263671 …) A2

[2 marks]

([Link]) at least 4 of the 5 children will have brown eyes. [2]

Markscheme

METHOD 1

recognizing cumulative probability with a lower bound of 4 (M1)

P (X ≥ 4) OR P (X > 3) OR 1 − P (X ≤ 3)

0. 633 (0. 632812 …) A1

METHOD 2

recognizing a sum of probabilities with a lower bound of 4 (M1)

P (X = 4) + P (X = 5) OR 0. 75
4
× 0. 25 × 5 + 0. 75
5

0. 633 (0. 632812 …) A1

[2 marks]
8. [Maximum mark: 7] [Link].TZ1.8
Consider a function of the form f (x) = 2x + bx −2 −1
+ c , where b and c are constants.
The graph of y = f (x) has a gradient of 0. 208 at x = 5 .

(a) Determine the value of b. [5]

Markscheme

evidence of finding the derivative of f (x) (M1)

e.g., f ′(x) seen OR attempt to use power rule

f ′(x) = −4x
−3
− bx
−2
(A1)(A1)

Note: Award A1 for each correct term. Award at most (A1)(A0) if extra terms are seen.

Substitution of 5 for x and 0. 208 for f ′(x) in their derivative (M1)

−3 −2
0. 208 = −4 (5) − b (5)

(b =) − 6 A1

[5 marks]
(b) Show that f (x) is increasing at x = 3. 5 [2]

Markscheme

METHOD 1
attempt to find the value of the derivative at x = 3. 5 OR f ′(3. 5) seen M1

−3 −2
−4 (3. 5) − b (3. 5)

0. 397 > 0 (0. 396501 … > 0) OR 0. 397 (0. 396501 …) is positive R1

f (x) is increasing at x = 3. 5 AG

METHOD 2
sketch of derivative with indication of x = 3. 5 M1

f ′(3. 5) > 0 OR f ′(3. 5) is positive R1

f (x) is increasing at x = 3. 5 AG

[2 marks]
9. [Maximum mark: 4] [Link].TZ1.9
Consider the function f (x) = x
3
− 9x
2
+ 23x − 15 for 0 ≤ x ≤ 5 .

The graph of f (x) crosses the x-axis when x ,

= 1 x = 5 and x .
= a

(a) Find the value of a. [2]

Markscheme

f (x) = 0 seen OR sketch of the graph with all three x-intercepts marked OR evidence of using product of roots (M1)

(a =) 3 A1

[2 marks]

(b) Use your graphic display calculator to find the area enclosed by the curve y = f (x) and the x-axis, when
1 ≤ x ≤ a. [2]

Markscheme

evidence of using an integral to find the area (M1)

3
∫ f (x) ∫ , 1
, etc.

(area =) 4 A1

[2 marks]
10. [Maximum mark: 7] [Link].TZ1.10
A manufacturer designs hats that businesses can order.

For an order of 15 hats or fewer, the price per hat is p euros (EUR). For larger orders, the price of each hat after the first 15 ordered
is reduced by 5 EUR.

C (n) represents the total cost of purchasing n hats from the manufacturer.

(a) Write down an expression in terms of p for the total cost of ordering 15 hats. [1]

Markscheme

15p A1

[1 mark]

(b) Write down an equation for C (n), in terms of p and n, for the total cost of ordering n hats when n > 15 . [3]

Markscheme

(p − 5) or (n − 15) seen A1

adding a cost expression (multiplying a p and an n) to their 15p (M1)

C(n) = 15p + (p − 5)(n − 15) OR C (n) = np − 5n + 75 (or equivalent) A1

[3 marks]
A company decides to order 100 hats. The mean price per hat for this order is 25. 73 EUR.

(c.i) Calculate the exact total cost of the order. [1]

Markscheme

(25. 73 × 100 =) 2 573 (EUR) A1

Note: Answer must be exact.

[1 mark]

([Link]) Hence, determine the value of p, correct to 2 decimal places. [2]

Markscheme

correctly substituting their total cost and n = 100 into their cost function (A1)

2 573 = 15p + (p − 5)(100 − 15)

(p =) 29. 98 (EUR) A1

Note: Answer must be written to 2 dp.

 [2 marks]

11. [Maximum mark: 5] [Link].TZ1.11

Mongolia is one of the coldest countries in the world, with the air temperature in winter as low as −40 °C. It can feel even colder if
a wind is blowing. This effect is called wind chill.

On a day when the air temperature is −40 °C, the approximate wind chill index, W , can be calculated by the equation

W = −34. 1 − 7. 33 ln (v),

where v is the wind speed, in kilometres per hour (km h −1

) .

(a) Find the approximate wind chill index on a day when the air temperature is −40 °C and the wind speed is
measured as 13 km h . −1
[2]

Markscheme

(W =) − 34. 1 − 7. 33 ln (13) (A1)

−52. 9 (−52. 9010 …) A1

[2 marks]

Due to errors in the measuring device, the percentage error in the approximate wind chill index calculated in part (a) could be as
high as 6%.
 (b) Predict the maximum and the minimum wind chill index for this day. [3]

Markscheme

attempt to work back from the approximate to the exact value (M1)

−52.9010 …−v E

vE
= (±) 0. 06 OR (v E =)
−52.9010 …

1±0.06
OR v E (1 ± 0. 06) = −52. 9010 …

−56. 3, − 49. 9 (−56. 2777 … , − 49. 9066 …) A1A1

Note: Award A1 for each correct value.

[3 marks]

12. [Maximum mark: 9] [Link].TZ1.12

An airline restricts the size of bags by stating that the sum of a bag’s width, length, and height (ignoring the handle) must not
exceed a fixed value, M .

Width + Length + Height≤ M

A company is designing a cuboid-shaped bag so that the sum of the bag’s width, length, and height equals M . Their design will
have a length equal to three times its width.
As the width of the design varies, its volume changes according to the equation

dV 2
= 690w − 36w ,
dw

where w is the width in centimetres and V is the volume in cubic centimetres.

(a) Use your graphic display calculator to find the value of w that will produce the maximum volume. [2]

Markscheme

indication of setting the derivative to 0 (M1)

dV

dw
= 0 OR 690w − 36w
2
= 0 OR sketch of the graph of the derivative with the zero marked

(w =) 19. 2 (cm) (19. 1666 … (cm),

115
6
(cm)) A1

[2 marks]

(b) Show that the maximum volume of the bag to three significant figures is 42 200 cm . 3
[4]

Markscheme

evidence of the need to integrate (M1)

integral symbol seen OR ∫ 690w − 36w

2
dw OR one term integrated correctly

(V =) 345w
2
− 12w
3
(+c) A1

c = 0 since V = 0 when w = 0 R1

2 3
V = 345 × (19. 1666 …) − 12 × (19. 1666 …)

(V =) 42 246. 5 … (cm )
3
OR (V =) 42 247 (cm )
3
seen A1

42 200 cm
3
AG

Note: It is possible to award (M1)A1R0A1. No marks are awarded for part (b) if 42 200 is used to work backward.
 [4 marks]

(c) Hence find the value of M . [3]

Markscheme

METHOD 1
attempt to calculate height using volume, width, and length numerical values (M1)

h =
42 200

19.1666 …×(19.1666 …×3)

(may be seen in part (b))

(h =) 38. 3 (cm) (38. 2911 … (cm)) (A1)

Note: Accept a substitution of 42 246. 5 … for the volume (h = 38. 3333 …) .

19. 1666 … + 57. 5 + 38. 2911 …

(M =) 115 (114. 957 …) (cm) A1

METHOD 2
attempt to calculate height using volume, width, and length expressions (M1)
2 3
345w −12w
h =
w×3w

(h =) 115 − 4w (A1)

w + 3w + (115 − 4w)
 (M =) 115 (cm) A1

[3 marks]

13. [Maximum mark: 9] [Link].TZ1.13

Ticky is sailing a boat in the ocean. For the first part of her trip, she plans to start at point A and travel to point B. She then plans to
turn and travel 13 km on a bearing of 100° to point C as shown in the following diagram.

Due to navigational error in the first part of the trip, Ticky arrives at point D instead of point B. Point D is 2 km due west of point B
.

(a) Determine

(a.i) the size of DB̂C. [1]

Markscheme

170° (A1)

[1 mark]
([Link]) the distance from point D to point C. [3]

Markscheme

attempt to substitute into the cosine rule formula (M1)

(DC ) = 2
2 2
+ 13
2
− 2 (2)(13) cos (170°) (A1)

(DC =) 15. 0 (14. 9736 …) (km) A1

Note: Do not accept a 2sf answer of 15. Award M0A0A0 for a 2sf answer of 15 with no working shown OR 2 + 13 = 15 .

[3 marks]

([Link]) the bearing Ticky must use to travel directly from point D to point C. [3]

Markscheme

correct substitution into sine rule or cosine rule (A1)

OR
2 2
sin BD̂C sin 170° 14.9736 … +2 −13
= cos (BD̂C) =
13 14.9736 … 2×14.9736 …×2

(BD̂C =) 8. 67° (8. 67097 …°) (A1)

 (bearing =) 098. 7° (098. 6709 …°) A1

[3 marks]

Due to navigational error in the second part of the trip, Ticky arrives at point E instead of point C. Point E is 2 km due west of
point C.

(b) Write down the distance between point D and point E. Justify your answer. [2]

Markscheme

(distance between points D and E) 13 (km) A1

points B, C, D, and E make a parallelogram OR DB and EC are parallel and equal in length R1

Note: It is possible to award A1R0 for this question part.

[2 marks]
14. [Maximum mark: 7] [Link].TZ2.1
Give answers to this question correct to two decimal places.

Pierre invests 1 500 euros (EUR) at the end of each month for 10 years into a savings plan that pays a nominal annual interest
rate of 3. 6% compounded monthly.

(a) Calculate the value of Pierre’s savings plan at the end of the 10 years. [3]

Markscheme

after 10 years

N : 120I % : 3. 6P V : 0P M T : (−) 1 500P /Y : 12C/Y : 12

(M1)(A1)

Note: Award (M1) for an attempt to use a financial app in their technology with at least two entries seen, award A1 for all
entries correct except P V .

FV : 216 278. 58 (euros) A1

Note: Award A0 for a negative answer or answer not given to 2 decimal places.

[3 marks]

At the end of the 10 years, Pierre withdraws 100 000 EUR from the savings plan to use as a deposit on a house.

Pierre invests the remainder into another account for 15 years at a nominal annual interest rate of 4. 5 % compounded quarterly.

(b) Calculate the amount in Pierre’s account at the end of this time. [4]

Markscheme
METHOD 1 (C.I. formula)

invests: 116 278. 58 (M1)

60
after 15 years: 116 278. 58 × (1 + 4.5

400
) (M1)(A1)

FV : 227 515. 92 (euros) A1

Note: Award the first M1 for subtracting their F V from part (a) even if the value of the investment is negative.
Award the second M1 for use of the C.I. formula.
Award first A1 for all entries correct except P V .
Allow full follow through from part (a).
Award final A0 for F V not given to 2 decimal places unless this has already been penalized in (a).
Accept 227 515. 93 from use of unrounded value.

METHOD 2 (financial app)

invests: 116 278. 58 (M1)

THEN

EITHER OR OR

N : 60I % : 4. 5P V : 116 278. 58P M T : 0P /Y : 4C/Y : 4

N : 15I % : 4. 5P V : 116 278. 58P M T : 0P /Y : 1C/Y : 4

N : 180I % : 4. 5P V : 116 278. 58P M T : 0P /Y : 12C/Y : 4

(M1)(A1)

Note: Award the first M1 for subtracting their F V from part (a) even if the value of the investment is negative.
Award (M1) for an attempt to use a financial app in their technology with a least two entries seen, award A1 for all entries
correct except P V .

THEN

FV : 227 515. 92 (euros) A1

Note: Award A0 for a negative answer or answer not given to 2 decimal places unless already penalized in part (a).
Accept 227 515. 93 from use of unrounded value.

[4 marks]
15. [Maximum mark: 8] [Link].TZ2.2
Two unbiased dice, each with faces numbered from 1 to 6 inclusive, are rolled. The numbers on the uppermost faces of the dice are
noted.

Let the random variable X be the difference between the numbers on the dice.

(a.i) Find P (X = 0) . [1]

Markscheme

6
(=
6

36
, 0. 167, 0. 166666 …) A1

[1 mark]
([Link]) Find P (X = 5). [1]

Markscheme

18
(=
2

36
, 0. 056, 0. 055555 …) A1

Note: The table value takes precedent if no working is seen before the table.

[1 mark]

(b) Complete the table to show the probability distribution of X.

The probability that X = 3 is shown.

[2]

Markscheme

A1A1

Note: A1 for one of these three correct probabilities, A1 these three probabilities correct.

[2 marks]
(c) Calculate E (X). [2]

Markscheme

attempt to find E(X) (M1)

6 10 2
(E(X) =) 0 × + 1 × … + 5 ×
36 36 36

35

18
(=
70

36
= 1. 94 …) A1

[2 marks]

(d) Given that the difference between the numbers on the dice is an odd number, find the probability that X = 5 . [2]

Markscheme

9
(=
2

18
) 0. 111, 0. 1111111111 … … A1A1

Note: Award A1 for their 2, award A1 for their 18 (these values may be implied in terms of probabilities.)

Accept for a numerator of 2 irrespective of incorrect working in previous parts so long as their final answer gives 0
2

x
<

probability< 1.

[2 marks]
16. [Maximum mark: 6] [Link].TZ2.3
As part of an experiment, a colony of ants was created and observed. At the start of week one, 200 ants were observed in the
colony. The number of ants in the colony increased by 15 % each week.

(a) Calculate the number of ants in the colony at the start of week 11. [3]

Markscheme

attempt to use geometric sequence formula (M1)

200 × 1. 15
10
(A1)

809. 111 A1

809 (accept 810) A1

Note: Award M1A0A1 for 703 or 704 seen.

If list used award M1 for list of at least 5 geometric terms; award A1 for at least 5 correct terms.

[3 marks]
The number of ants in the colony was first observed to exceed 3000 in week k.

(b) Find the value of k. [3]

Markscheme

200 × 1. 15
n−1
> 3 000 (accept as equation) (A1)

Note: Accept 3 001 instead of 3 000.

The 200 × 1. 15 n−1
> 3 000 may be seen as a graph sketch.

n = 20. 3761 … (A1)

20
th
week (of observation) A1

OR

use of table

200 × 1. 15
n−1
> 3 000 (accept as equation) (A1)

200 × 1. 15
19
= 2 846. 35 … AND 200 × 1. 15
20
= 3 273. 30 … (A1)

20
th
week (of observation) A1

[3 marks]
17. [Maximum mark: 8] [Link].TZ2.4
Jane tested three different flavours of pet food on cats and dogs to determine whether the preferred flavour was independent of
the type of animal.

The results are given in the table.

Perform a χ test at both the 5 % and 1 % levels to investigate the results.

2

(a) State the null and alternative hypotheses. [1]

Markscheme

H0 : Animal type and flavour preference are independent

H 1: Animal type and flavour preference are not independent A1

[1 mark]
(b) Write down the number of degrees of freedom. [1]

Markscheme

2 A1

[1 mark]

(c) Calculate the p-value for the test. [2]

Markscheme

(p =) 0. 0297 (= 0. 029739 …) A2

Note: Award A1 for (p =) 0. 030; award A0 for (p =) 0. 03.

Award A1 if unrounded correct answer (or correct 3sf answer) is seen in part (d) and part (c) is unanswered or wrong such as
0. 029

[2 marks]
(d) State the conclusion to the test, giving your reason

(d.i) at the 1 % level. [2]

Markscheme

1 % < p < 5% OR p > 1% OR p < 5% R1

(since p > 1%) do not reject H (accept H ) OR

0 0

there is not significant evidence that animal type and flavour preference are not independent A1

[2 marks]

([Link]) at the 5 % level. [1]

Markscheme

(since p < 5 %) reject H 0 OR there is significant evidence at the 5 % level that animal type and flavour preference are not
independent A1

Note: Do not award R0A1. Award A1 only if conclusions are consistent with their p-value.

[1 mark]
 Jane’s conclusion to her test was that the preferred flavour was not independent of the type of animal.

(e) State which of the two significance levels Jane used in her test. [1]

Markscheme

5% (level) A1

Note: No FT from previous parts.

[1 mark]

18. [Maximum mark: 8] [Link].TZ2.5

A ship sails 900 km on a bearing of 135˚ (south-east) from Lomé, M, to São Tomé, S, where she unloads her cargo.

The ship then sails 300 km due east from São Tomé to Libreville, V. From Libreville she then returns directly to Lomé.

These journeys are shown in the diagram.

(a) Find the size of VŜM. [1]

Markscheme

ˆ
VSM = 135° A1

Note: Maybe seen on the diagram.

[1 mark]

(b) Calculate MV. [3]

Markscheme

METHOD 1

attempt to use cosine rule (M1)

MV
2
= 900
2
+ 300
2
− 2(900)(300) cos (135) (A1)

MV = 1130 (km) (1132. 18 …) A1

METHOD 2
 attempt to use Pythagoras (M1)

(A1)
2 2 2
MV = (636. 396 …) + (636. 396 … + 300)

MV = 1130 (km) A1

[3 marks]

(c) Calculate the bearing of Lomé, M, from Libreville, V. [4]

Markscheme

METHOD 1

attempt to use sine rule (M1)

sin V

900
=
sin 135

their MV
(A1)

angle V = 34. 2 (34. 2009 …°) (A1)

Note: Award (M1)(A1) if SM̂V = 10. 8° is seen

bearing = 304° (304. 200 …°) A1

Note: Award (M1) for attempt to use trig, (A1) for correct substitution, (A1) for finding angle correctly and A1 for correct bearing.

METHOD 2

attempt to use cosine rule (M1)

2 2 2

cos
−1
(
300 +their

2×300×their
MV −900

MV
) (A1)

angle V = 34. 2° (34. 2009 …°) (A1)

Note: Award (M1)(A1) if SM̂V = 10. 8° is seen

bearing = 304° (304. 200 …°) A1

Note: Award (M1) for attempt to use trig, (A1) for correct substitution, (A1) for finding angle correctly and A1 for correct bearing.

METHOD 3

attempt to use tan. (M1)

tan XM̂V =
636.396…+300

636.396…
(A1)

XM̂V = 55. 7990 …° OR SVM = 34. 2 …° OR NM̂V = 124. 2 …° (A1)

bearing = 304° (304. 200 …°) A1

Note: Award (M1) for attempt to use trig, (A1) for correct substitution, (A1) for finding angle correctly and A1 for correct bearing.

[4 marks]
19. [Maximum mark: 6] [Link].TZ2.6
A speed camera is used to determine whether a car is exceeding a speed limit of 8. 3 m s −1
.

An exact distance of 10 m is marked out.

The car travels this 10 m distance in 1. 2 seconds, measured to the nearest 0. 1 second.

Determine whether it is certain that the car was exceeding the speed limit of 8. 3 m s −1
.

Justify your answer. [6]

Markscheme

use of speed =
distance

time
OR speed × time = distance OR time =
distance

speed
seen anywhere (M1)

attempt to find a bounding value of t (OR use appropriate values of t that support and contradict the statement that the car is
speeding) (M1)

(t =) 1. 25 (s) OR (t =) 1. 15 (s) (A1)

THEN

EITHER

use of their upper bound for t to find minimum speed (OR of any value of t where 1. 20481 … < t ≤ 1. 25 to find speed)

(speed =) 10

1.25
(or 10

their time
) A1
(speed =) 8 (m s −1
) (or a value where 8 ≤ speed < 8. 3 ) seen

hence speed < 8. 3 (ms

−1
) A1

OR

use of their upper bound for t to find maximum distance (OR of any value of t where 1. 20481 … < t ≤ 1. 25 to find
distance)

(distance =) 8. 3 × 1. 25 (or 8. 3 × their time ) A1

(distance =) 10. 375 m (or a value where 10 < distance ≤ 10. 375 ) seen

hence distance > 10 (m) A1

OR

time taken at speed limit (time =)

10

8.3
A1

(time =) 1. 20481 … (s)

hence time of 1. 2 (s) to the nearest 0. 1 (s) could be greater than or less than this A1

THEN

conclusion: it is not certain that the car was exceeding the speed limit. A1

Note: The conclusion must have been justified by further showing that for some appropriate value of t the car is speeding

Award at most M1M1A0A1A0A1 for the use of a value of t where t > 1. 25

Award at most M1M0A0A0A0A1 for t = 1. 2 used with a corresponding justified conclusion.

[6 marks]
20. [Maximum mark: 9] [Link].TZ2.7
Consider the Voronoi diagram which shows the sites A (3, 3), B (10, 5), C (7, 2), D (5, 9), E (1, 5) and F (6, . The
5)

diagram also shows the cells formed by each site and their boundaries.
(a) Find the equation of the boundary between sites D and E. [2]

Markscheme

y = 10 − x OE A1A1

[2 marks]

Note: Award A1 for correct intercept seen, A1 for fully correct equation.

Accept y = −1x + 10 .

OE means for example y − 7 = −1 (x − 3) is A1A1

Vertex X is equidistant from sites B, C and F.

(b.i) Write down the coordinates of X. [1]

Markscheme

(8, 4) A1
 Note: Do not condone the omission of parenthesis.

[1 mark]

([Link]) The exact value of BX is √n. Write down the value of n. [1]

Markscheme

5 A1

[1 mark]

Vertex Y (a, b) is equidistant from sites B, D and F.

(c.i) Write down the value of a. [1]

Markscheme

8 A1

[1 mark]
([Link]) Find the exact value of b. [4]

Markscheme

EITHER
attempt to use Pythagoras theorem (M1)

(A1)
2 2
4 + (b − 5) = 9 + (9 − b)

(b =)
61

8
= 7. 625 (
61

8
, 7
5

8
) A2

Note: Award A1A0 for 7. 63

OR

m(BD) = −
4

5
(A1)

midpoint [BD] = (7. 5, 7) (A1)

Note: Gradient and midpoint may be implied by further working. Condone as interim coordinate 7. 5, 7 instead of (7. 5, .
7)

5
(y − 7) = (x − 7. 5)
4

substitute x = 8 in their perpendicular bisector (M1)

5
b − 7 = (8 − 7. 5)
4

(b =) 7. 625 (
61

8
, 7
5

8
) A1

Note: Award A1A1M1A0 final answer of 7. 63

OR

m(DF) = −4 (A1)

midpoint [DF] = (5. 5, 7) (A1)

Note: Gradient and midpoint may be implied by further working. Condone as interim coordinate 5. 5, 7 instead of (5. 5, 7)
 1
(y − 7) = (x − 5. 5)
4

substitute x = 8 in their perpendicular bisector (M1)

1
(8 − 7) = (b − 5. 5)
4

(b =) 7. 625 (
61

8
, 7
5

8
) A1

Note: Award A1A1M1A0 final answer of 7. 63

[5 marks]

21. [Maximum mark: 8] [Link].TZ2.8

The cumulative frequency curve shows the speeds in kilometres per hour of 80 cars along a road.
(a) Calculate the percentage of these cars that exceed the speed limit of 80 km /h. [2]

Markscheme

80−72

80
(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for 72 or 8 seen.

10 % A1

[2 marks]

Consider the grouped frequency table constructed using the cumulative frequency curve.

(b) Find the value of

(b.i) p. [1]
 Markscheme

44 A1

[1 mark]

([Link]) m . [1]

Markscheme

60 A1

[1 mark]

([Link]) q . [1]

Markscheme

70 A1

[1 mark]
 (c) Hence calculate an estimate of the mean speed of these cars. [3]

Markscheme

attempt to use mean formula using at least one correct midpoint (M1)

fully correct formula for mean (A1)

20 (22+52+65+85)

80

56 (km / hr) A1

[3 marks]

22. [Maximum mark: 5] [Link].TZ2.9

Consider the following function, f (x), defined on the domain of integers from 0 to 4 inclusive.

(a) Solve f (x) = 4 . [1]

 Markscheme

3 A1

[1 mark]

(b) Solve f (x) = x . [1]

Markscheme

1 A1

[1 mark]

(c) Complete the following table.

[3]

Markscheme

award A1 for 1 correct, A2 for 3 correct, A3 for all 5 correct A1A1A1

[3 marks]
23. [Maximum mark: 6] [Link].TZ2.10
Two judges, Brett and Clarence, rank the skill levels of eight sheepdogs in a competition. The sheepdogs are labelled A to H and
the judges rank the dogs as shown in the table.

(a) Write down the rank that Brett awards sheepdog B. [1]

Markscheme

4 A1

[1 mark]

(b) Calculate Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient for these data. [4]

Markscheme
 (A1)(A1)

Note: Award (A1) for each line in table

0. 881 (0. 880952 …) A2

Note: The ranks maybe seen within printed table.

Award A1 for 0. 88 (2sf ) answer.

For a common mistake:

Brett: 1 3 4 2 5 6 7 8 & Clarence correct
Award (A0)(A1)A2FT if 0. 952 seen.

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 6 (0 +2 +2 +0 +0 +1 +1 +0 )
Note: The use of r s = 1 −
6Σd

n (n−1)
i.e. (r s =) 1 −
8 (8 2 −1)
may be seen which is not in the syllabus, but is
a valid method because there are no ties. As they need the table to get the differences, there is no change to MS for this
method.

[4 marks]

(c) Comment on your answer to part (b) in terms of the ranks awarded by Brett and Clarence. [1]

Markscheme
 (since r is close to 1) there is a strong (positive) correlation between the rankings of the sheepdogs by Brett and the
s

rankings of the sheepdogs by Clarence (since r is close to 1) there is a strong (positive) association between Brett’s rankings
s

and Clarence’s rankings.

since r is not equal to 1, Brett and Clarence do not always agree on the rankings of the sheepdogs.
s A1

Note: For A1 to be awarded, a numerical value must be seen in part (b), and the conclusion consistent with that numerical
value.
“Strong positive” is insufficient because it is not in terms of the ranks.
“Similar” in isolation is insufficient, however if they state “the order in which the sheepdogs were ranked by the judges is
similar” would be awarded A1.
The names of judges do not need to be seen for the A mark.

[1 mark]

24. [Maximum mark: 9] [Link].TZ2.11

The point A has coordinates (1, 2, 1) and the point B has coordinates (3, .
5, 2)

(a) Find AB. [2]

Markscheme

use of Pythagoras in 3 dimensions (M1)

2 2 2 2
AB =2 +3 +1

AB = 3. 74 (= 3. 74165 … = √14) A1

[2 marks]
Triangle ABC is right-angled with its right angle at B. The point C has coordinates (2, .
8, k)

(b) Find the value of k. [4]

Markscheme

1
2
+ 6
2
+ (k − 1)
2
= 14 + 1
2
+ 3
2
+ (k − 2)
2
(M1)A1

Note: Award M1 for use of Pythagoras in three dimensions, A1 for correct use.

38 − 2k = 28 − 4k (M1)

Note: Award M1 for reducing equation to linear form.

k = −5 A1

[4 marks]

(c) Calculate the size of BÂC. [3]

 Markscheme

EITHER

(M1)(A1)
ˆ √14
cos (BAC) =
√73

OR

(M1)(A1)
√59
ˆ
sin (BAC) =
√ 73

OR

tan (BÂC) =
√59

√ 14
(M1)(A1)

Note: Award M1 for use of trig ratio, A1 for correct use.

THEN

ˆ
BAC = 64. 0° (64. 0282 …°) (1. 12 (1. 11750 …)) A1

[3 marks]

25. [Maximum mark: 5] [Link].TZ3.1

A metal structure on a flat surface is in the form of a right-pyramid with rectangular base ABCD and vertex H (−0. 5, .
1. 5, 5)

Point A has coordinates (−2, 0, 0) and point C has coordinates (1, 3, 0). This is shown in the following diagram.

All units are in centimetres.

The centre of the base, G, is the midpoint of AC.
(a) Find the coordinates of G. [2]

Markscheme

attempt to substitute coordinates A and C in the formula for midpoint in 3D (M1)

−2+1 0+3 0+0

( , , )
2 2 2

(−0. 5, 1. 5, 0) OR (−
1

2
,
3

2
, 0) A1

Note: Award at most M1A0 for answers not given as coordinates. Accept x = −0. 5, y = 1. 5, z = 0 .

[2 marks]

(b) Write down the vertical height HG. [1]

Markscheme

5 (cm) A1

[1 mark]
 (c) Find the distance between C and H. [2]

Markscheme

attempt to substitute coordinates C and H in the formula for distance

between two points in 3D (M1)

2 2 2
√ (1 − (−0. 5)) + (3 − (1. 5)) + (0 − (5))

5. 43 (5. 43139 …) (cm) A1

Note: If use of 2D has been penalized in part (a), do not penalize in part (c)

[2 marks]

26. [Maximum mark: 5] [Link].TZ3.2

The monthly energy consumption, x, in kilowatt hours (k Wh) of 150 households in Helvetia is shown in the following table.
(a) For this data set, use the mid-point interval values to find estimates for

(a.i) the mean. [3]

Markscheme

attempt to find mid-values 600, 800, 1 000 … or to substitute in the mean formula (M1)

937 (k Wh) (937. 333 …) A2

Note: Award at most (M1)M1A0 for an incorrect answer but evidence of correct use of mean formula.
Award (M1)A0 for an unsupported 1 100, use of the mid-values can be inferred.

[3 marks]

([Link]) the standard deviation. [1]

Markscheme

299 (k Wh) (299. 454 …) A1

Note: Accept 299. 5. If no mark has been awarded in part (a)(i), award A2 for a correct answer seen in part (a)(ii).

[1 mark]
 The standard deviation of the monthly energy consumption in another nearby residential area, Eureka, is found to be 95 k Wh.

(b) Interpret the meaning of the value of the standard deviation in Eureka in comparison with the standard deviation
in Helvetia. [1]

Markscheme

the monthly energy consumption in Eureka is less spread out than that of Helvetia (or equivalent) R1

Note: Do not accept eg standard deviation in Helvetia is 3 times that in Eureka or interpretations referring to lower average,
efficiency, or lower consumption unless clearly related to spread. Some mention of spread is required for the R1 e.g less
variation, more consistent, closer together, smaller range, tighter clustering.

[1 mark]

27. [Maximum mark: 6] [Link].TZ3.3

The water level, h, in metres, in a water tank after t hours of irrigation is modelled by the following function.

20
h(t) = , t ≥ 0
2t+5

(a) Find the value of h(0. 5). [2]

Markscheme

attempt to substitute 0. 5 into function (M1)

20
h(0. 5) =
2×0.5+5
 3. 33 (m) (3. 33333 … ,
10

3
) A1

[2 marks]

(b.i) Find the value of h −1

(2. 5) . [2]

Markscheme

EITHER
attempt to equate h(t) to 2. 5 (M1)

20
= 2. 5
2t+5

OR

attempt to substitute 2. 5 in h −1
(M1)

20−5×2.5

2×2.5

OR

graph of h, with an indication of the point (t, 2. 5) (M1)

t = 1. 5 (hours) A1

[2 marks]

([Link]) Interpret this value in context. [1]

 Markscheme

It takes 1. 5 hours for the water level to reach 2. 5 metres. R1

[1 mark]

(c) Write down the range of h −1

. [1]

Markscheme

t ≥ 0 A1

Note: Accept h −1
≥ 0 .

[1 mark]

28. [Maximum mark: 5] [Link].TZ3.4

Consider the graph of the cubic function f (x) = x
3
+ 2x
2
− 4x − 2 . Part of the graph of y = f (x) is shown in the following
diagram.
(a) Write down the x-coordinate of

(a.i) the local maximum. [1]

Markscheme

−2 A1

[1 mark]

([Link]) the local minimum. [1]

Markscheme

0. 667 (0. 66666. . . ,

2

3
) A1

Note: Award A1A0 for answers given as coordinates (−2, 6) and (0. 667, .
− 3. 48)

Accept answers which round to the correct 3sf value (−2. 00), e.g. −1. 9999
 [1 mark]

(b) Hence, write down the interval where the function is decreasing. [1]

Markscheme

−2 < x <
2

3
A1

Note: Award A1 for correct inequalities and their endpoints.

[1 mark]

The tangent to the curve at (1, − 3) is parallel to the straight line y = 3x + 5 .

(c) Write down

(c.i) the gradient of the tangent. [1]

Markscheme

3 A1

[1 mark]
 ([Link]) the equation of the tangent. [1]

Markscheme

y + 3 = 3(x − 1) OR y = 3x − 6 A1

[1 mark]

29. [Maximum mark: 9] [Link].TZ3.5

A telecommunications company has identical cell towers in a rural area. They are located at the points A (1, ,
5) B (7, 8) and
C (4, 12). The coverage areas are divided as shown in the Voronoi diagram. All distances are in kilometres.

(a) Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of [AB]. [4]

 Markscheme

midpoint of [AB] : (4, 6. 5) (A1)

gradient of [AB] :
1

2
(A1)

gradient of perpendicular line: −2 (M1)

Note: Award M1 for gradient of perpendicular line. Allow follow through from their gradient of [AB].

y − 6. 5 = −2 (x − 4) OR y = −2x + 14. 5 A1

[4 marks]

The company is planning to improve the coverage of its cellular network in the area by adding two new towers. It identifies
potential locations at the points D (8, 2) and E (14, 10).

The company reviews the coverage areas and draws a new Voronoi diagram.

(b) Identify the correct Voronoi diagram from the options shown in the following diagrams.
 [2]

Markscheme

Option 3 A2

[2 marks]

Note: Award A1A0 if 2 options are selected and 1 of them is Option 3. Award A0A0 in all other cases.

Each tower provides guaranteed excellent coverage within a radius of 3 km.

Pooja is at a beauty parlour located at the point (6, .

4)
(c) State whether excellent coverage is guaranteed for Pooja at the beauty parlour. Justify your answer. [3]

Markscheme

attempt to find distance (6, 4) to D or to draw a circle with radius 3 on the diagram M1

√ 2 2 + 2 2 = √8, 2. 82842 …

Yes (she is experiencing excellent coverage) A1

EITHER

2. 83 (km) < 3 km R1

OR

(6, 4) is within a radius of 3 km from site D R1

Note: Allow follow through for the R1 from their distance. Award at most M0R1FTA0 for comparing their distance with 3 km.
Condone truncated 2 or 3 sf values for the R mark.

Do not award A1R0.

Note: Allow the use of point B for candidates who assume the new towers have not yet been built.

attempt to find distance (6, 4) to B or to draw a circle with radius 3 on the diagram M1

√ 4 2 + 1 2 = √17 = 4. 12310 …

No (she is not experiencing excellent coverage) A1

EITHER

4. 12 (km) > 3 km R1

OR

(6, 4) is not within a radius of 3 km from site B R1

[3 marks]
30. [Maximum mark: 9] [Link].TZ3.6
Three points N, P, and V are shown on the following diagram. NP is 20 metres, PV is 25 metres and VP̂N is 55. 5°.

(a) Find NV. [3]

Markscheme

attempt to use the cosine rule formula (M1)

2 2
(NV =)√ 20 + 25 − 2 × 20 × 25 cos 55. 5° (A1)

= 21. 4 (m)(21. 4148 …) A1

[3 marks]
(b) Find PN̂V. [3]

Markscheme

EITHER

attempt to use the sine rule formula (M1)

sin PN̂V

25
=
sin 55.5°

21.4148…
(A1)

OR

attempt to use the cosine rule formula (M1)

2 2

(A1)
2
20 +21.4148… −25
cos PN̂V =
2×20×21.4148…

THEN

PN̂V = 74. 2° (74. 1749 …°) A1

[3 marks]
(c) Hence or otherwise, find the shortest distance between P and [NV]. [3]

Markscheme

recognition that shortest distance is perpendicular to NV (M1)

(may be seen on diagram)

use of right-angled triangle or other valid method (M1)

sin 74. 1724 … × 20 OR 1

2
× 20 × 25 × sin 55. 5°×
2

21.4148 …
A1

= 19. 2 (m)(19. 2419 …) A1

Note: Accept 19. 3 (m) from using their 3sf value in 1

2
× 20 × 25 × sin 55. 5°×
2
21.4148 …

[3 marks]
© International Baccalaureate Organization, 2025