VANE
PUMPS
Basic Design and Operation
Analysis of Volumetric Displacement
Pressure-Compensated Vane Pump
Balanced Vane Pump
of 18 1
Dr. Ahmed M.
Sliding Vane Pumps & Motors
Quite pump but sensitive to dirt of 18 2
Dr. Ahmed M.
P r e s s u r e a c tin g o n
t h is a r e a c r e a t e s a
D isplacem ent is m easured fo rc e o n th e v a n e ...
in cubic inches per revolution ( F o r c e = P r e s s u r e t im e s A r e a )
or C IR .
D isplacem ent is the m axim um
volum e of one cham ber tim es
the num ber of cham bers.
D
Force tim es D
C reates a torque
Figure 7.16 D isplacem ent is the Q uantity of Fluid that E ffects O ne S haft R evolution
C O P Y R IG H T C (1999) V IC K E R S , IN C O R P O R ATE D
of 18 3
Dr. Ahmed M.
Vane Pump
of 18 4
Dr. Ahmed M.
vane
Vane pump
Advantages
Medium capacity •
Medium speed •
Thin liquids •
Can run dry for short periods •
Can have one seal or stuffing •
box
Develops good vacuum •
Disadvantages
Medium pressure •
Complex housing •
Not suitable for high viscosity •
Not good with abrasives •
of 18 5
Dr. Ahmed M.
Increasing D ecreasing
Volum e Volum e
Inlet side O utlet side
Fig ure 15.13 Ec c e ntric ity Be twe e n Ro to r a nd C a m Ring
C O P Y R IG H T C (1999) V IC K E R S , IN C O R P O R ATE D
of 18 6
Dr. Ahmed M.
Van applications
Applications
· Aerosol/Propellants
· Aviation Service - Fuel Transfer,
Deicing
· Auto Industry - Fuels, Lubes,
Refrigeration Coolants
· Barge Unloading
· Chemical Process Industry
· Ethanol/Alcohol Refining
· Lubrication Blending - Solvents, Oils
· Petroleum Industry - Crude Oils and
Hydrocarbons
· Power Generation - Fuels, Lubrication
· Refrigeration - Ferons, Ammonia
· Rubber and Plastic of 18 7
Dr. Ahmed M.
O utlet
Inlet
R otation
Fig ure 15.15 Ba la nc e d Va ne Pum p De sig n
C O P Y R IG H T C (1999 ) V IC K E R S , IN C O R P O R AT E D
of 18 8
Dr. Ahmed M.
S pring C lip
F ig u r e 5 . 9 S p r in g s o r S p r in g C lip s K e e p t h e Va n e s A g a in s t th e C a m
C O P Y R IG H T C (1999) V IC K E R S , IN C O R P O R ATE D
of 18 9
Dr. Ahmed M.
A balanced vane pump
of 18 10
Dr. Ahmed M.
Variable displacement pumps
(Vane) (Pressure
Compensated
Cam ring
Cam ring moves to reduce eccentricity
To zero
Maximum Flow
Eccentricity
No Flow because
eccentricity is zero
of 18 11
Dr. Ahmed M.
Cam ring
Maximum Flow
Rotor is fixed
Cam ring moves to reduce eccentricity
To zero
of 18 12
Dr. Ahmed M.
When the Pressure Reaches a value called Pcutoff
The Compensator Spring Force Equals The Hydraulic
Piston Force
As the Pressure continues to Increase,
The Compensator Spring is compressed until Zero Eccentricity
is Achieved.
The Maximum Pressure achieved is called PDeadhead
at which point the Pump is Protected because it produces
of 18 13
No
more Flow.M.
Dr. Ahmed
of 18 14
Dr. Ahmed M.
of 18 15
Dr. Ahmed M.
Analysis of Volumetric Displacement
Careful Observation of Figure 15 will Reveal that there is
an Eccentricity between the Centerline of the Rotor
and the Centerline of the Cam Ring.
If the Eccentricity is Zero, there will be No Flow.
The Following Analysis and Nomenclature is Applicable to
the Vane Pump:
Dc = Diameter of Cam Ring (in, m)
DR = Diameter of Rotor (in, m)
L = Width of Rotor (in, m)
VD = Pump Volumetric Displacement (in3, m3)
of 18 16
Dr. Ahmed M. e = Eccentricity (in, m)
e max = Maximum possible Eccentricity (in, m)
VDmax = Maximum possible Volumetric Displacement
(in3, m3)
=
This Maximum Value of Eccentricity produces
A Maximum Volumetric Dis
placement:
Noting that we have the Difference between Two Squared
Terms yields
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Dr. Ahmed M.
Substituting the expression for emax
yields
The Actual Volumetric
Displacement occurs when emax = e:
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Dr. Ahmed M.
