Module 5: Partial Differential Equations

Easy Problems
1. Solve the equation:
p2 x(1 + y 2 ) = qy

√ ay 2
Solution: z = 2 ax + a log y + + b, where a and b are arbitrary constants.
2

2. Obtain the PDE by eliminating a, b, and c from:

x2 y2 z2
+ + =1
a2 b2 c2

Solution: zs + pq = 0 is the required PDE.

3. Form a PDE by eliminating arbitrary functions f and ϕ from:

y
z = xf + yϕ(x)
x

∂3z ∂2z ∂3z

Solution: x + + y =0
∂x∂y 2 ∂y 2 ∂y 3

4. Find the complete integral of:

(pq)(z − px − qy) = 1

1
Solution: z = ax + by +
a−b

5. Solve:
x(y 2 − z 2 ) p − y(z 2 + x2 ) q = z(x2 + y 2 ).

Solution: F x2 + y 2 + z 2 , yz x


= 0,

1
Medium Problems
6. Find the complete integral of:

p − 3q = 6

Solution: The complete integral is z = 6x + Φ(x + 3y)

7. Find the complete integral of:

p2 + q 2 = m2
p
Solution: The complete integral is z = ax + y m2 − a 2 + c

8. Find the singular integral of:

z = px + qy + p2 + pq + q 2

Solution: 3z + x2 + y 2 − xy = 0

9. Find the complete integral of:

p2 − q 2 = x − y

2 3 2 3 2
Solution: z = (a + x) 2 − (a − y) 2 + b, where b =
3 3 3

10. Solve:
∂u ∂u
3 +2 = 0, u(x, 0) = 4e−x
∂x ∂y
3
Solution: u(x, y) = 4 e−x+ 2 y

Hard Problems
11. Find the singular integral of:

(pq − p − q)(z − px − qy) = pq

√ √
Solution: z = (1 + x+ y)2

12. Solve the nonlinear partial differential equation:

q 2 = z 2 p2 (1 − p2 )

Solution: The complete integral is z 2 = a2 + (x + ay + c)2

2
13. Solve the nonlinear partial differential equation:

p2 z 2 + q 2 = p2 q

Solution: The required complete integral is a tan−1 (az) = ax + y + c

14. Using the method of separation of variables, solve:

∂u ∂2u  πx 
= , u(0, t) = u(4, t) = 0, u(x, 0) = 6 sin + 3 sin(πx).
∂t ∂x2 2
2
 πx  2
Solution: u = 6e−π t/4
sin + 3e−π t sin(πx)
2

15. Solve:
b−c c−a a−b
p+ q= xy.
a yz b zx c

Solution:
First set of multipliers: x, y, z

Second set of multipliers: ax, by, cz

Final solution: ϕ(ax2 + by 2 + cz 2 , a2 x2 + b2 y 2 + c2 z 2 ) = 0