ASSESSMENT #8

Name: Rating:

Course/yr/sec.: Date:
GENERAL DIRECTIONS: USING of PENCIL/ERASABLE PEN as final answer is STRICTLY PROHIBITED. All mobile devices
should be kept inside your bags. Anyone caught engaging in CHEATING and/or DISOBEYING the general directions will receive a
failing grade of 65.
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE: (35 Points)
Directions: Choose the EXACT letter that corresponds to your answer. Write your answer on the space provided before the number.
Any form of ALTERATION or ERASURE is considered WRONG.
1. Which policy is most associated with redistributing land from landlords to tenant farmers in the Philippines?
A. Free Trade Policy B. Agrarian Reform C. Import Substitution D. Industrialization Program
2. The Malolos Constitution was promulgated in which of the following years listed below?
A. 1897 B. 1899 C. 1935 D. 1973
3. Which Filipino document is known for establishing the Commonwealth government and the 1935 Constitution?
A. Biak-na-Bato Pact C. 1935 Constitution
B. Malolos Constitution D. 1987 Constitution
4. Which of the following best describes “taxation” in the context of modern state formation?
A. Voluntary charity by citizens C. A cultural practice unrelated to governance
B. A mechanism for raising public revenue D. An informal system of barter
5. The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines is primarily associated with which historical event?
A. The Spanish colonization C. The People Power (EDSA) restoration of democracy
B. The declaration of the First Philippine Republic D. The declaration of martial law
6. A common criticism of agrarian reform programs in the Philippines has been:
A. Too much industrial investment in farming
B. Slow land distribution and weak support services for beneficiaries
C. Immediate and complete success in ending rural poverty
D. Lack of any legal framework
7. Which period’s constitution is most closely associated with a shift toward authoritarian rule under Ferdinand Marcos?
A. 1899 Constitution B. 1935 Constitution C. 1973 Constitution D. 1987 Constitution
8. “Filipino-American heritage” most directly refers to:
A. The cultural and political links between the Philippines and the United States after 1898
B. The early commercial and cultural exchanges between Filipinos and Chinese traders
C. The movement of Filipino groups who migrated primarily to Spanish territories
D. The long-standing traditions practiced by early Austronesian-speaking communities
9. Which institution historically played a major role in spreading formal education during the American colonial period?
A. The religious missionaries who supervised schools during the Spanish era
B. The American-led public school system established by the U.S. government and Thomasites
C. The Japanese educational units formed during the wartime occupation
D. The Islamic learning centers that operated in various Mindanao communities
10. A major objective of agrarian reform programs is to:
A. Concentrate and expand land ownership under a small number of private estates
B. Distribute agricultural lands to small farmers and enhance rural equity and welfare
C. Replace traditional farming activities with full industrial and factory operations
D. Convert existing farmlands into extractive facilities such as large mining sites
11. The 1973 Constitution introduced what notable change to Philippine governance?
A. Reestablished a two-house legislature similar to earlier constitutional systems
B. Shifted toward a parliamentary structure and expanded executive powers under Marcos
C. Formed the governmental framework used during the First Philippine Republic
D. Permanently removed the executive office traditionally held by the president
12. Which of the following is a long-term economic effect often attributed to colonial land and tax policies?
A. The immediate rise of large local industries capable of competing internationally
B. Unequal land distribution that strengthened elite power and shaped economic policies
C. The full elimination of widespread poverty across rural and urban communities
D. Equal levels of growth and development achieved in all Philippine regions
13. Which of these best represents an example of Filipino cultural heritage?
A. Modern popular music that originates mainly from foreign entertainment media
B. Traditional weaving forms, ancient scripts, and textiles such as banig and ikat
C. Food establishments and dining trends introduced through American influence
D. Musical forms that follow the styles of classical composers from Europe
14. The evolution of taxation in the Philippines under successive regimes most often reflects:
A. A tax system that remained identical from precolonial to modern administrations
B. Adjustments in government capacity, economic needs, and shifting political goals
C. A complete lack of tax collection until the establishment of recent institutions
D. Revenue policies imposed solely by foreign authorities without Filipino involvement
15. One reason institutional histories (schools, corporations, religious orders) matter in Philippine history is because:
A. They had little influence C. They were irrelevant to development
B. They shaped networks and culture D. They existed only in the 2000s
16. Which describes the strongest link between international relations and Philippine constitutional development?
A. Influence of European models on the 1897 Charter C. Colonial-era shaping of the 1935 Charter’s content
B. Requirement of global approval for the 1987 Charter D. ASEAN-related demands for constitutional revision
17. Which scenario BEST shows a cultural issue in Philippine history influenced by political and economic structures?
A. Loss of ancestral lands due to state titling rules C. Full social equality under colonial authorities
B. Rapid national industrialization during the 1600s D. Complete absence of foreign influence in customs
18. Which best shows how pre-colonial communal land ownership conflicted with Spanish land policies?
A. Communal systems disallowed farming by local groups C. Privatization of land contradicted traditional sharing
B. Pueblo systems promoted uniform agricultural access D. All farming innovations were rejected by early groups
19. What MOST illustrates the long-term impact of American fiscal policies on Philippine economic structure?
A. Continued reliance on export-oriented agriculture C. Total eradication of long-standing rural poverty
B. Transition toward broad heavy-industry expansion D. Full removal of centuries-old land monopolies
20. Which of the following was the MOST significant problem in the implementation of PD 27?
A. Excessive allocation of land to beneficiary farmers C. Official land valuation had extremely low prices
B. Cooperative requirements slowed title processing D. The decree excluded all corn and rice growers
21. Which principle of democratic governance is BEST supported by the People’s Initiative under the 1987 Constitution?
A. Supreme authority primarily exercised by courts C. Executive control concentrated in the presidency
B. Citizen-driven participation in constitutional change D. Limited legislative review over national measures
22. Which condition MOST contributed to Constitutional Authoritarianism under Marcos?
A. Expansion of various transparency mechanisms C. Delegation of authority to multiple local units
B. Centralization of power and control of processes D. Strong judicial checks on executive authority
23. Under the 1899 Malolos Constitution, what scenario BEST shows the interaction of executive and legislative branches?
A. Executive vetoes made legislative review impossible C. Cabinet members served without legislative approval
B. Chief Justice elected by the Assembly with concurrence D. Legislature lacked all power to create new statutes
24. Which BEST explains why the Commonwealth government established a bicameral legislature after the 1940 amendments?
A. Alignment with US structures to balance legislation C. Preference for limiting influence of the Senate alone
B. Intention to greatly reduce the number of enactments D. Attempt to eliminate party-list representation entirely
25. The persistence of large landed estates across Philippine history indicates which structural challenge?
A. Ongoing failure to enforce redistribution policies C. Declining market demand for agricultural goods
B. Burdensome corporate taxation applied uniformly D. National insufficiency in natural resource supply
26. Which outcome BEST reflects the effect of Spanish monopolies on colonial society?
A. Governmental control was substantially diminished C. Industrial growth broadened rapidly across regions
B. Revenues increased and strengthened administration D. Rural living conditions improved significantly
27. How did the Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade indirectly affect Filipino labor systems?
A. Forced labor obligations were permanently removed C. Legalized slavery as a primary colonial institution
B. Revenue gains increased extraction through polo duty D. Eliminated taxes applied to outbound commodities
28. Which taxation policy MOST resembles modern progressive taxation?
A. Household-based tribute imposed uniformly on groups C. Income tax with surtax applied to higher earners
B. Cedula personal charged to all at a single fixed rate D. Urbana–Industria based on economic classifications
29. If a historical researcher wanted to evaluate how constitutional reforms addressed abuses of Martial Law, which provision
should they analyze FIRST?
A. Rules governing relations of churches and the state C. Congressional authority over revenue collection
B. Term limits and checks on martial law authority D. Provisions organizing barangay-level governance
30. Why did CARPER (RA 9700) remain unable to fully complete land distribution?
A. Voluntary land transfers were completely prohibited C. Excess government funding slowed implementation
B. Weak capacity and resistance obstructed execution D. Only corporate agricultural estates were included
31. What underlying factor connects agrarian reform issues across Spanish, American, and post-independence eras?
A. Consistent prioritization of smallholder farmers C. Effective and lasting tenancy-rights protections
B. Persistent concentration of land among elite groups D. Removal of taxation on agricultural properties
32. Which constitutional mechanism MOST promotes social justice?
A. Allowing unlimited presidential re-election cycles C. Concentration of authority in a single department
B. Ombudsman power to investigate public misconduct D. Legislative checks being intentionally weakened
33. Which illustrates an application of federalism as proposed in the Philippines?
A. Central authorities keep all national tax powers C. Executive leaders appoint every local official
B. Regions gain autonomy to address local disparities D. Congress may dissolve all local government units
34. Which of the following shows the influence of international models on the Malolos Constitution?
A. Inspirations from European and Latin republican texts C. Adoption of US-style federalism without alteration
B. Preservation of monarchy as the primary institution D. Ratification conducted by the United States Congress
35. How did early American tax policies attempt to improve government efficiency?
A. Eliminated all forms of real-property taxation C. Removed taxation applied to corporate entities
B. Simplified collection via the 1904 revenue law D. Lifted duties entirely on Philippine export goods
Answer Key:
1. B
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. C
6. B
7. C
8. A
9. B
10. B
11. B
12. B
13. B
14. B
15. B
16. C
17. A
18. C
19. A
20. B
21. B
22. B
23. B
24. A
25. A
26. B
27. B
28. C
29. B
30. B
31. B
32. B
33. B
34. A
35. B