NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF INSURANCE AND ACTUARIAL SCIENCE

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS FOR BUSINESS 1

MATRICES TUTORIAL ( 2025 )

1. Give examples of the following matrices

(i) The Row Vector (1 mark)
(ii) Column vector (1 mark)
(iii) Square Matrix (1 mark)

2. Transpose the following matrices

5 4
(i) A= ( ) (2 marks)
9 1
2 4 9
(ii) A= [1 7 2 ] (2 marks)
3 5 6

3. Given that
0 2 1
B = [7 0 5 ]
9 8 0

Show that ( 𝑩𝒕 )𝒕 = B (4 marks )

 3 9 1 2 0 1
4. Given that A = [5 3 2] and B = [ 4 2 1]
3 1 2 3 1 0
Find
(i) A+B (2 marks)
(ii) B –A (2 marks)
(iii) AB (4 marks)

5. An electronics firm is undecided as to the most profitable mix for its products. The
products now manufactured are transistors, resistors and carbon tubes with a profit (per
100 unit) of $10, $6 and $4 respectively. To produce a shipment of transistors containing
100 units requires 1 hour of engineering, 10 hours of direct labours and 2 hours of
administrative service. To produce 100 resistors are required 1 hour, 4 hours and 2 hours
of engineering, direct labour and administrative time respectively. To produce on
shipment of the tubes (100 units) requires 1 hour of engineering, 5 hours of direct labour
and 6 hours of administration. There are 100 hours of engineering services available, 600
hours of direct labour and 300 hours of administration.
What is the most profitable mix ? (3 marks)

6. Find the determinants of the following matrices

1 4
(i) A=[ ] (3 marks)
3 6

2 0 1
(ii) B = [3 1 2] ( 3 marks)
2 1 2

3 1 1
(iii) C = [6 2 4 ] ( 3 marks)
5 7 9

7. Find the inverse using cofactors of the following matrices

3 1
(i) A=[ ] (2 marks)
2 4

4 −2 0
(ii) A = [3 5 7] ( 4 marks)
2 0 −1
 8. Find the inverse of the following matrices using Gauss Jordan method

1 3
(i) A=[ ] ( 3 marks)
2 5

4 5
(ii) B=[ ] ( 3 marks)
−2 6

5 0 1
(iii) C = [3 −2 4] ( 3 marks)
3 1 2

9. Use the inverse method to solve the following system of equations

(i) 𝑿𝟏 + 2𝑿𝟐 = 4
2𝑿𝟏 - 3𝑿𝟐 = 105 ( 3 marks)

(ii) 2𝑿𝟏 + 6𝑿𝟐 - 𝑿𝟑 = 18

𝑿𝟐 + 3𝑿𝟑 = 9
3𝑿𝟏 - 5𝑿𝟐 + 8𝑿𝟑 = 4 ( 3 marks)

10. Using the Gauss Elimination Method solve the following system of equations

(i) 2𝑿𝟏 + 𝑿𝟐 = 60

𝑿𝟏 + 3𝑿𝟐 = 105 ( 4 marks)

(ii) 2𝑿𝟏 + 6𝑿𝟐 - 𝑿𝟑 = 18

𝑿𝟐 + 3𝑿𝟑 = 9

3𝑿𝟏 - 5𝑿𝟐 + 8𝑿𝟑 = 4 ( 4 marks)

11. Daily output at a manufacturing company is such that the economic model produces 26
of product A, 42 of product B and 30 of product C. While the standard model produces
1007 of product A, 78 of product B and 77 of product C. Then the first class model
produces 33 33 of product A, 122 of product B and 777 of product C.
 (i) If the plant operates 4 days a week, what is the monthly output in February assuming
it’s not a leap year? ( 2 marks)
(ii) Now production line machinery is available that would allow output to be increased by
20% across all products of A, a decrease for product C by 0.44%. While no effect will
happen to product B. What then would be the weekly output? ( 3 marks)

12. What can you conclude about the solutions of the following systems

(i) 𝑿𝟏 - 2𝑿𝟐 = 1

3𝑿𝟏 - 6𝑿𝟐 = 3 ( 3marks)

ii) 3𝑿𝟏 + 2𝑿𝟐 = 7

-6𝑿𝟏 - 4𝑿𝟐 = 5 ( 3marks)