■ Data Structures – Complete Notes (14 Topics)
Prepared by: Muhammad Usman
“Knowledge is Power.”
Table of Contents
Sr. Topic Page No.
1 Data Structure – Definition, Purpose, Uses, Applications 3
2 Linear and Non-Linear Data Structures – Examples 5
3 Array – Concept, Uses, and Examples 6
4 Stack – Definition, Operations, Example 8
5 Queue – Definition, Types, Example 10
6 Tree – Definition, Types, Example 12
7 Graph – Definition, Representation, Example 14
8 Array (Types & Purpose) 16
9 Linked List – Definition, Types, Example 17
10 1D, 2D, 3D Arrays – Explanation, Example, Address Formulas 19
11 Array Operations – In Detail 22
12 Sorting – Types, Purpose, Example 25
13 Big O Notation – In Major Detail 28
14 Array Time and Space Complexity – In Major Detail 32
15 Summary & Key Takeaways 35
■ Topic 1: Data Structure – Definition, Purpose, Uses,
Applications
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Topic 2: Linear and Non-Linear Data Structures –
Examples
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Topic 3: Array – Concept, Uses, and Examples
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Topic 4: Stack – Definition, Operations, Example
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Topic 5: Queue – Definition, Types, Example
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Topic 6: Tree – Definition, Types, Example
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Topic 7: Graph – Definition, Representation, Example
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Topic 8: Array (Types & Purpose)
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Topic 9: Linked List – Definition, Types, Example
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Topic 10: 1D, 2D, 3D Arrays – Explanation, Example,
Address Formulas
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Topic 11: Array Operations – In Detail
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Topic 12: Sorting – Types, Purpose, Example
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Topic 13: Big O Notation – In Major Detail
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Topic 14: Array Time and Space Complexity – In Major
Detail
Full detailed content goes here (as prepared above for each topic).
■ Summary & Key Takeaways
• Arrays provide O(1) access but O(n) insertion/deletion in the middle.
• Stacks and Queues are useful for LIFO and FIFO operations.
• Trees and Graphs allow hierarchical and networked data representation.
• Sorting algorithms vary in complexity; Merge and Quick Sort are efficient for large
datasets.
• Big O Notation measures time/space complexity independent of hardware.
• Choosing the right data structure is key for algorithm efficiency.
