Java Short Questions and Answers
1. Explain object-oriented principles.
Java follows four main Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) principles:
1. Encapsulation – Binding data and methods together (using classes).
2. Inheritance – Acquiring properties and behaviors of another class.
3. Polymorphism – Performing a single action in different forms (method overloading/overriding).
4. Abstraction – Hiding implementation details and showing only functionality.
2. Explain different types of if statements in Java.
1. Simple if – Executes a block if condition is true.
2. if-else – Executes one block if true, another if false.
3. if-else if ladder – Checks multiple conditions sequentially.
4. Nested if – if statement inside another if statement.
3. Define Array. Write a Java program to implement subtraction of two matrices.
Definition: An array is a collection of elements of the same type stored in contiguous memory.
Program:
class MatrixSub {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a[][] = {{1,2,3},{4,5,6},{7,8,9}};
int b[][] = {{9,8,7},{6,5,4},{3,2,1}};
int c[][] = new int[3][3];
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
c[i][j] = a[i][j] - b[i][j];
[Link](c[i][j] + ' ');
}
[Link]();
}
}
}
5. What are constructors? With an example.
A constructor is a special method used to initialize objects. It has the same name as the class and n
Example:
class Student {
Student() {
[Link]('Constructor called');
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student s = new Student();
}
}
6. Explain different lexical issues in Java.
Lexical issues deal with how Java programs are written. Common issues:
- Keywords – reserved words like if, class, static.
- Identifiers – names for variables, classes, etc.
- Literals – constants (10, 'Hello').
- Operators – +, -, *, /, etc.
- Separators – {}, (), ;, ,
- Comments – // or /* */
7. Justify the statement 'Compile once and run anywhere' in Java.
Java source code is compiled into bytecode (.class file) by the Java compiler. This bytecode runs on
8. Write a program to display numbers from 5 to 1 using for loop.
class Reverse {
public static void main(String[] args) {
for(int i=5; i>=1; i--) {
[Link](i);
}
}
}
9. Explain different data types supported in Java.
Primitive data types:
byte, short, int, long, float, double, char, boolean.
Non-primitive: Arrays, Classes, Interfaces, Strings.
10. Interpret the general form of class with example.
Syntax:
class ClassName {
data members;
methods;
}
Example:
class Car {
int speed;
void run() {
[Link]('Car is running');
}
}
11. Explain type casting in Java with suitable example.
Type casting is converting one data type to another.
Implicit casting (widening):
int a = 10;
double b = a;
Explicit casting (narrowing):
double x = 9.78;
int y = (int)x;
12. Illustrate this keyword with suitable example.
The 'this' keyword refers to the current object of a class.
Example:
class Demo {
int x;
Demo(int x) {
this.x = x;
}
}
13. What is a method? Give suitable example.
A method is a block of code that performs a specific task and is executed when called.
Example:
class Example {
void greet() {
[Link]('Hello Java');
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Example e = new Example();
[Link]();
}
}
