DEBTA TUTORIALS
CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
SCIENCE
Class : 10TH
CLASS:10TH Time:
Date : MM :60
ENGLISH AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) ↓ + NaNO3(aq) FeS + H2SO4 → FeSO4 +
1 H2S ↑ Consider the above mentioned two chemical equations with two different
1
kinds of arrows
( ↑ and ↓) along with product. What do these two different arrows indicate?
ANS: ↑ shows the gas evolved whereas ↓ shows insoluble substance
(precipitate) formed.
2 Hydrogen being a highly inflammable gas and oxygen being a supporter of
combustion, yet water which is a compound made up of hydrogen and oxygen 1
is used to extinguish fire. Why?
ANS: It is because properties of compound (H2O) are different from
properties of its constituting elements i.e. H 2 and O2.
3 What happens chemically when quicklime is added to water filled in a bucket? 1
ANS: Quicklime reacts with water to form slaked lime and produces lot of
heat and hissing
sound. CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(s) + Heat + Hissing sound
Quicklime Water Slaked lime
(Calcium oxide) (Calcium hydroxide)
4 On what basis is a chemical equation balanced? 1
ANS: It is based on law of conservation of mass.
5 Name the process in which gain of electrons takes place. 1
ANS: Reduction is a process which involves gain of electrons.
ENGLISH Write balanced chemical equations for the following reactions: 2
(a) Silver bromide on exposure to sunlight decomposes into silver and
6 bromine.
(b) Sodium metal reacts with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen
gas.
ANS: (a) 2AgBr(s) 2Ag(s) + Br2(g)
(b) 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
7 A zinc plate was put into a solution of copper sulphate kept in a glass
container. It was found that blue colour of the solution gets fader and fader
with the passage of time. After a few days when zinc plate was taken out of
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the solution, a number of holes were observed on it.
(a) State the reason for changes observed on the zinc plate.
(b) Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved.
ANS: (a) It is because zinc has displaced copper from CuSO 4. Zinc metal
has been used to form zinc sulphate, therefore, number of holes were
observed. Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
Blue Colourless
8 What is observed when a solution of potassium iodide solution is added to a
solution of lead nitrate? Name the type of reaction. Write a balanced chemical 2
equation to represent the above chemical reaction.
ANS: Yellow precipitate of lead iodide is formed. It is precipitation reaction.
Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2KI (aq) → PbI2 (s) + 2KNO3 (aq)
It is also called double displacement reaction.
9 A white salt on heating decomposes to give brown fumes and a residue is left
behind. (a) Name the salt. (b) Write the equation for the decomposition 2
reaction.
ANS: (a) Lead nitrate is white salt. (b) 2Pb(NO 3)2(s) 2PbO(s) +
4NO2(g) + O2(g)
10 Distinguish between a displacement reaction and a double displacement
reaction. Identify the displacement and the double displacement reaction from
the following reactions: 2
(a) HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
(b) Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
ANS: Displacement reaction is a reaction in which more reactive metal can
displace less reactive metal from its salt solution.
Double displacement reaction: Those reactions in which compound exchange
their ions to form two new compounds are called double displacement
reaction.
(a) Double displacement reaction
(b) Displacement reaction
11 Which among the following changes are exothermic or endothermic in nature?
(a) Decomposition of ferrous sulphate
(b) Dilution of sulphuric acid 2
(c) Dissolution of sodium hydroxide in water
(d) Dissolution of ammonium chloride in water
ANS: (a) It is endothermic reaction.
(b) It is exothermic process.
(c) It is exothermic process.
(d) It is endothermic process.
12 Name the reducing agent in the following reaction:
3MnO2 + 4Al → 3Mn + 2Al2O2 2
State which is more reactive, Mn or Al and why?
ANS: ‘Al’ is reducing agent.
‘Al’ is more reactive than Mn
‘Al’ displaces Mn from its oxide.
13 What is an oxidation reaction? Give an example of oxidation reaction. Is
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oxidation an exothermic or an endothermic reaction ?
ANS: The reaction in which oxygen or electronegative element is added,
hydrogen or electropositive element is removed or loss of electrons takes
place, is called an oxidation reaction. e.g. Fe 2+ → Fe3+ + e– (Loss of electron)
C + O2 → CO2 + Heat Oxidation reactions are mostly exothermic in nature
because heat is evolved in this process.
14 Give two examples from everyday life situations where redox reactions are
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taking place.
ANS: Two examples of redox reactions are:
(i) Rusting of Iron:
4Fe + 3O2 2Fe2O3 is a redox reaction. Fe is getting oxidised
to Fe3+ ion whereas O2 is getting reduced to O2– ion. (ii) Combustion
Reaction: Burning of coal is a redox reaction.
C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + Heat C is getting oxidised to C4+ ion in CO2
whereas O2 is getting reduced to O2– ion in CO2.
ENGLISH Write the chemical equation of the reaction in which the following changes
15 have taken place with an example of each:
(a) change in colour 3
(b) change in temperature
(c) formation of precipitate
ANS: (a) Cu (s) + 2AgNO3 (aq) → Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2Ag The solution will
become blue in colour and shiny silver metal will be deposited. (b) NaOH +
HCl → NaCl + H2O + Heat The temperature will increase because heat will be
evolved. (c) Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2KI (aq) → PbI2 (s) + 2KNO3 (aq)
Yellow ppt Yellow precipitate of PbI2 will be
formed.
16 (a) Write the essential condition for the following reaction to take place:
AgBr → 2Ag + Br2 Write one application of this reaction. (b) Complete
the following chemical equation of a chemical reaction: 3
2FeSO4 Fe2O3 + .... + .... (c) What happens when water is
added to quick lime. Write chemical equation.
ANS: (a) 2AgBr 2Ag + Br2
This reaction is used in photography.
(b) 2FeSO4 Fe2O3 + SO2 + SO3
(c) Slaked lime is formed with hissing sound and lot of heat is evolved.
CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + Heat
17 What is meant by skeltal type chemical equation? What does it represent?
Using the equation for electrolytic decomposition of water, differentiate 3
between a skeltal chemical equation and a balanced chemical equation.
ANS: The equations in which gaseous are written in atomic form instead of
molecular form and equation is not balanced are called skeltal type chemical
equation. The represent gaseous elements formed in atomic state and
equation is not balanced.
H2O H + O (Skeltal equation) Hydrogen and oxygen are
written in atomic forms and equation is not balanced.
2H2O → 2H2 + O2 (Balanced chemical equation)
H2O → H2 + O2 is Skeltal equation.
18 Write chemical equation for the reactions taking place when
(a) Iron reacts with steam
3
(b) Magnesium reacts with dil. HCl
(c) Copper is heated in air.
ANS: (a) 3Fe (s) + 4H2O (g) → Fe3O4 (s) + 4H2 (g)
(b) Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
(c) 2Cu + O2 2CuO (s)
19 2 g of ferrous sulphate crystals are heated in a dry boiling tube.
(a) List any two observations.
3
(b) Name the type of chemical reaction taking place.
(c) Write the chemical equation for the reaction.
ANS: (a) Green colour of FeSO4 disappears and reddish brown Fe 2O3 is
formed.Smell of burning sulphur. (b) Decomposition reaction (c) 2FeSO 4 (s)
Fe2O3 (s) + SO2 (g) + SO3 (g)
20 The following diagram displays a chemical reaction. Observe carefully and
answer the following questions:
(a) Identify the type of chemical reaction that will take place and define it. How
will the colour of the salt change?
(b) Write the chemical equation of the reaction that takes place.
(c) Mention one commercial use of this salt. 3
ANS: (a) Photochemical decomposition reaction. Those reactions in which a
compound breaks down into simple substances in presence of light are called
photochemical decomposition reaction. The colour of salt will change from
white to grey. (b) 2AgCl(s) 2Ag(s) + Cl2(g) (c) Silver chloride is used
in photography.
21 Write balanced chemical equation for the reactions that take place during
respiration. Identify the type of combination reaction that takes place during
3
this process and justify the name. Give one more example of this type of
reaction.
ANS: C6H12O6(aq) + 6O2(aq) → 6CO2(aq) + 6H2O(l) + Heat energy
It is exothermic combination reaction because heat energy is being evolved.
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O
Combustion of methane is another example of exothermic combination
reaction.
22 2 g of lead nitrate powder is taken in a boiling tube. The boiling tube is heated
over a flame. Now answer the following: 3
(a) State the colour of the fumes evolved and the residue left.
(b) Name the type of chemical reaction that has taken place stating its
balanced chemical equation.
ANS: (a) Brown coloured fumes of NO2 gas are evolved and yellowish
brown residue is formed.
(b) Decomposition reaction has taken place as, 2Pb(NO 3)2(s)
2PbO(s) + 4NO2(g) + O2(g)
23 A reddish brown coloured metal, used in electrical wires, when powdered and
heated strongly in an open china dish, its colour turns black. When hydrogen
gas is passed over this black substance, it regains its original colour. Based on
3
the above information answer the following questions. (a) Name the metal and
the black coloured substance formed. (b) Write balanced chemical equations
for both the reactions.
ANS: (a) Reddish brown metal is copper. When it is heated in china dish in
presence of oxygen, black coloured copper oxide is formed. (b) 2Cu(s) + O2(g)
→ 2CuO(s) When hydrogen gas is passed over heated copper oxide reddish
brown copper metal is formed, e.g.
CuO(s) + H2(g) Cu(s) + H2O(g)
ENGLISH (a) Write one example for each of decomposion reaction
24 (i) Electricity (ii) Heat (iii) Light
5
(b) Which of the following statements is correct and why copper can displace silver
from silver nitrate and silver can displace copper from copper sulphate solution.
ANS: (a) (i) 2H2O 2H2 (g) + O2
(ii) CaCO3 CaO + CO2
(iii) 2AgBr 2Ag + Br2
(b) Copper can displace silver from AgNO 3 because copper is more reactive than
Ag, e.g.
Cu + 2AgNO3 (aq) → Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + 2Ag (s)
25 A metal nitrate ‘A’ on heating gives yellowish brown coloured metal oxide along
with brown gas ‘B’ and a colourless gas ‘C’. Aqueous solution of ‘A’ on reaction
with potassium iodide forms a yellow precipitate of compound ‘D’. Identify ‘A, B, C, 5
D’. Also identify the types of both the reactions. Metal present in ‘A’ is used in alloy
which is used for soldering purposes.
ANS: Metal nitrate ‘A’ is Pb(NO3)2.
‘A’ is lead nitrate, ‘B’ is nitrogen dioxide, ‘C’ is oxygen and ‘D’ is lead iodide.
(i) is decomposition reaction and (ii) is double displacement reaction (Precipitation
reaction)
