PROBLEM 1 — Food Delivery App (Method Overloading)
public class FoodDeliveryApp {
public void calculateDelivery(double distance) {
double cost = distance * 5;
System.out.println("Basic delivery for " + distance + " km: $" + cost);
public void calculateDelivery(double distance, double priorityFee) {
double cost = distance * 5 + priorityFee;
System.out.println("Premium delivery: $" + cost + " (including priority fee $" + priorityFee + ")");
public void calculateDelivery(double distance, int orders) {
double base = distance * 5;
double discount = orders * 2;
double total = base - discount;
System.out.println("Group delivery for " + orders + " orders: $" + total + " (discount $" + discount
+ ")");
public void calculateDelivery(double distance, double discountPercent, double freeThreshold) {
double base = distance * 5;
if (base > freeThreshold) {
System.out.println("Festival delivery: FREE (threshold $" + freeThreshold + ")");
} else {
double total = base * (1 - discountPercent/100);
System.out.println("Festival delivery: $" + total + " (discount " + discountPercent + "%)");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
FoodDeliveryApp delivery = new FoodDeliveryApp();
delivery.calculateDelivery(10);
delivery.calculateDelivery(15, 20);
delivery.calculateDelivery(12, 3);
delivery.calculateDelivery(5, 10, 30);
Sample Output:
Basic delivery for 10.0 km: $50.0
Premium delivery: $95.0 (including priority fee $20.0)
Group delivery for 3 orders: $54.0 (discount $6.0)
Festival delivery: $22.5 (discount 10.0%)
PROBLEM 2 — Social Media Feed (Method Overriding)
class Post {
String author, content;
Post(String a, String c) { author = a; content = c; }
public void display() { System.out.println(author + ": " + content); }
class InstagramPost extends Post {
int likes; String hashtags;
InstagramPost(String a, String c, int l, String h) { super(a,c); likes=l; hashtags=h; }
@Override public void display() { System.out.println("Instagram: " + content + " #" + hashtags + " ("
+ likes + " likes)"); }
class TwitterPost extends Post {
int retweets;
TwitterPost(String a, String c, int r) { super(a,c); retweets=r; }
@Override public void display() { System.out.println("Twitter: " + content + " (" + retweets + "
retweets)"); }
class LinkedInPost extends Post {
int connections;
LinkedInPost(String a, String c, int con) { super(a,c); connections=con; }
@Override public void display() { System.out.println("LinkedIn: " + content + " - Connections: " +
connections); }
public class SocialMediaFeed {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Post[] feed = {
new InstagramPost("Alice", "Sunset pic", 120, "sunset"),
new TwitterPost("Bob", "Java rocks!", 45),
new LinkedInPost("Carol", "New Project launched", 200)
};
for(Post p : feed) p.display();
Sample Output:
Instagram: Sunset pic #sunset (120 likes)
Twitter: Java rocks! (45 retweets)
LinkedIn: New Project launched - Connections: 200
PROBLEM 3 — Gaming Character System (Dynamic Method Dispatch)
abstract class Character {
String name;
Character(String n){ name=n; }
public abstract void attack();
}
class Warrior extends Character {
Warrior(String n){ super(n); }
@Override public void attack(){ System.out.println(name + " swings sword with high defense"); }
class Mage extends Character {
Mage(String n){ super(n); }
@Override public void attack(){ System.out.println(name + " casts fireball using mana"); }
class Archer extends Character {
Archer(String n){ super(n); }
@Override public void attack(){ System.out.println(name + " shoots arrow from long range"); }
public class GamingCharacters {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Character[] army = { new Warrior("Thor"), new Mage("Gandalf"), new Archer("Legolas") };
for(Character c: army) c.attack();
Sample Output:
Thor swings sword with high defense
Gandalf casts fireball using mana
Legolas shoots arrow from long range
PROBLEM 4 — University Library System (Upcasting)
File: LibrarySystem.java
abstract class LibraryUser {
String name;
LibraryUser(String n){ name=n; }
void enterLibrary(){ System.out.println(name + " enters the library"); }
class Student extends LibraryUser {
Student(String n){ super(n); }
void borrowBook(){ System.out.println(name + " borrows a book"); }
void accessComputer(){ System.out.println(name + " uses computer"); }
class Faculty extends LibraryUser {
Faculty(String n){ super(n); }
void reserveBook(){ System.out.println(name + " reserves a book"); }
void accessDatabase(){ System.out.println(name + " accesses research database"); }
class Guest extends LibraryUser {
Guest(String n){ super(n); }
void browseBooks(){ System.out.println(name + " browses books"); }
public class LibrarySystem {
public static void main(String[] args) {
LibraryUser[] users = {
new Student("Alice"),
new Faculty("Dr. Rao"),
new Guest("Bob")
};
for(LibraryUser u: users) {
u.enterLibrary(); // upcast reference to base type
}
Sample Output:
Alice enters the library
Dr. Rao enters the library
Bob enters the library
PROBLEM 5 — Movie Streaming Platform (Downcasting)
abstract class Content {
String title;
Content(String t){ title=t; }
void play(){ System.out.println("Playing: " + title); }
class Movie extends Content {
String rating;
int duration;
Movie(String t, String r, int d){ super(t); rating=r; duration=d; }
void showSubtitles(){ System.out.println("Showing subtitles for " + title + " (" + rating + ")"); }
class TVSeries extends Content {
int seasons, episodes;
TVSeries(String t, int s, int e){ super(t); seasons=s; episodes=e; }
void nextEpisode(){ System.out.println("Next episode for " + title); }
class Documentary extends Content {
String topic;
Documentary(String t, String topic){ super(t); this.topic=topic; }
void relatedContent(){ System.out.println("Related content on " + topic); }
public class StreamingPlatform {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Content content = new Movie("Inception","PG-13",148);
content.play();
if(content instanceof Movie){
Movie m = (Movie)content;
m.showSubtitles();
Sample Output:
Playing: Inception
Showing subtitles for Inception (PG-13)
PROBLEM 6 — Smart Campus IoT System (Safe Downcasting with instanceof)
abstract class Device {
String id;
Device(String id){ this.id=id; }
void status(){ System.out.println(id + " status: OK"); }
class SmartClassroom extends Device {
SmartClassroom(String id){ super(id); }
void controlLights(){ System.out.println(id + " lights adjusted"); }
void controlAC(){ System.out.println(id + " AC set"); }
class SmartLab extends Device {
SmartLab(String id){ super(id); }
void manageEquipment(){ System.out.println(id + " equipment running"); }
class SmartLibrary extends Device {
SmartLibrary(String id){ super(id); }
void trackBooks(){ System.out.println(id + " book availability updated"); }
public class SmartCampusIoT {
public static void control(Device d){
if(d instanceof SmartClassroom){
SmartClassroom c = (SmartClassroom)d;
c.controlLights();
c.controlAC();
} else if(d instanceof SmartLab){
((SmartLab)d).manageEquipment();
} else if(d instanceof SmartLibrary){
((SmartLibrary)d).trackBooks();
} else{
d.status();
public static void main(String[] args){
Device[] devices = {
new SmartClassroom("Room101"),
new SmartLab("Lab1"),
new SmartLibrary("LibraryMain")
};
for(Device dev: devices) control(dev);
}
Sample Output:
Room101 lights adjusted
Room101 AC set
Lab1 equipment running
LibraryMain book availability updated
