Comprehensive AI Fields and Subfields
Field Subfield Examples
Machine Learning Supervised Learning Regression, Classification
Machine Learning Unsupervised Learning Clustering, PCA, Association Rules
Machine Learning Semi-Supervised Learning Label Propagation, Pseudo-labeling
Machine Learning Self-Supervised Learning Contrastive Learning, SimCLR
Machine Learning Reinforcement Learning Q-Learning, Deep Q-Networks
Machine Learning Deep Learning CNNs, RNNs, Transformers
Machine Learning Online Learning Incremental Gradient Descent
Machine Learning Transfer Learning Fine-tuning BERT, ResNet
Machine Learning Federated Learning Google Gboard, Privacy AI
Machine Learning Meta-Learning Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML)
Machine Learning Active Learning Uncertainty Sampling, Query by Committee
Machine Learning Multi-Task Learning Shared Layers in Neural Nets
Machine Learning Ensemble Learning Random Forest, Gradient Boosting
Machine Learning Bayesian Learning Naive Bayes, Gaussian Processes
Machine Learning Generative Modeling GANs, VAEs
Deep Learning CNNs Image Classification, Object Detection
Deep Learning RNNs Sequence Modeling, Text Generation
Deep Learning LSTMs Speech Recognition, Time Series
Deep Learning Transformers BERT, GPT, Vision Transformer
Deep Learning Autoencoders Anomaly Detection, Dimensionality Reduction
Deep Learning GANs Image Synthesis, Style Transfer
Deep Learning Graph Neural Networks Social Network Analysis, Molecule Prediction
Deep Learning Diffusion Models Image Generation, Denoising Diffusion
Deep Learning Multimodal Learning Text + Image Models (CLIP)
Natural Language ProcessingSpeech Recognition ASR, Voice Assistants
Natural Language ProcessingMachine Translation Google Translate, DeepL
Natural Language ProcessingText Summarization Abstractive and Extractive Models
Natural Language ProcessingSentiment Analysis Social Media Monitoring
Natural Language ProcessingQuestion Answering Chatbots, QA Systems
Natural Language ProcessingText Generation GPT, Story Generation
Natural Language ProcessingInformation Extraction NER, Relation Extraction
Natural Language ProcessingTopic Modeling LDA, NMF
Natural Language ProcessingSpeech Synthesis Text-to-Speech, Voice Cloning
Natural Language ProcessingEmotion Detection Tone and Sentiment Classification
Field Subfield Examples
Computer Vision Image Classification ResNet, EfficientNet
Computer Vision Object Detection YOLO, Faster R-CNN
Computer Vision Facial Recognition FaceNet, DeepFace
Computer Vision Scene Understanding Semantic Segmentation, Mask R-CNN
Computer Vision 3D Vision Depth Estimation, 3D Reconstruction
Computer Vision Video Analytics Activity Recognition, Tracking
Computer Vision Medical Imaging Tumor Detection, Radiology AI
Computer Vision OCR Tesseract, Text Recognition
Computer Vision Super-Resolution ESRGAN, SRGAN
Computer Vision Image Generation Stable Diffusion, Midjourney
Robotics Robot Perception Sensor Fusion, Vision Systems
Robotics Motion Planning A*, RRT, PRM
Robotics Control Systems PID, Model Predictive Control
Robotics SLAM Mapping and Localization
Robotics Autonomous Vehicles Self-driving Cars, Drones
Robotics Human-Robot Interaction Collaborative Robots (Cobots)
Robotics Swarm Robotics Drone Flocks, Multi-Agent Systems
Robotics Industrial Robotics Manufacturing Robots
Robotics Soft Robotics Flexible and Bio-inspired Robots
Robotics Cognitive Robotics Goal Reasoning Robots
Knowledge Representation & Ontologies
Reasoning OWL, RDF
Knowledge Representation & Semantic
ReasoningNetworks WordNet, ConceptNet
Knowledge Representation & Logic
Reasoning
Programming Prolog, Datalog
Knowledge Representation & Probabilistic
Reasoning Reasoning Bayesian Networks
Knowledge Representation & Commonsense
Reasoning Reasoning OpenCyc, ConceptNet
Knowledge Representation & Constraint
ReasoningSatisfaction Sudoku Solvers, CSPs
Knowledge Representation & Case-Based
Reasoning Reasoning Medical Diagnosis Systems
Expert Systems Rule-Based Systems IF-THEN Rules, Expert Advisors
Expert Systems Inference Engines Forward/Backward Chaining
Expert Systems Diagnostic Systems Medical or Technical Diagnostics
Expert Systems Decision Support Systems Business Intelligence
Expert Systems Explanation Systems AI Transparency Tools
Planning & Optimization Heuristic Search A*, IDA*, BFS
Planning & Optimization Game Playing Minimax, Alpha-Beta
Planning & Optimization Multi-Agent Planning Collaborative AI Agents
Planning & Optimization Probabilistic Planning MDPs, POMDPs
Field Subfield Examples
Planning & Optimization Scheduling Optimization Job Scheduling, Timetabling
Evolutionary Computation Genetic Algorithms Optimization Problems
Evolutionary Computation Genetic Programming Symbolic Regression
Evolutionary Computation Evolutionary Strategies Optimization via Mutation/Selection
Evolutionary Computation Swarm Intelligence PSO, Ant Colony Optimization
Evolutionary Computation Artificial Immune Systems Anomaly Detection
Evolutionary Computation Memetic Algorithms Hybrid Evolutionary Systems
Cognitive & Affective Computing
Cognitive Modeling Human Thought Simulation
Cognitive & Affective Computing
Affective Computing Emotion Recognition AI
Cognitive & Affective Computing
Cognitive Architectures SOAR, ACT-R
Cognitive & Affective Computing
Neurosymbolic AI Combining Neural and Symbolic Logic
AI Ethics & Safety Fairness & Bias Mitigation Bias Audits, FairML
AI Ethics & Safety Explainable AI (XAI) LIME, SHAP
AI Ethics & Safety Privacy-Preserving AI Differential Privacy, Secure Federated Learning
AI Ethics & Safety AI Alignment Goal Alignment Research
AI Ethics & Safety AI Governance Policy and Regulation Frameworks
