Scribd
Upload
3 views4 pages

Database Creation Commands

The document provides an overview of SQL commands for managing database tables, including CREATE TABLE, INSERT INTO, SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, ORDER BY, and DROP TABLE. It explains the syntax for each command with examples, and defines key concepts such as Primary Key, Foreign Key, Candidate Key, Super Key, Composite Key, and Unique Key. This serves as a foundational guide for performing basic database operations.

Uploaded by

gillaniazeem09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views4 pages

Database Creation Commands

The document provides an overview of SQL commands for managing database tables, including CREATE TABLE, INSERT INTO, SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, ORDER BY, and DROP TABLE. It explains the syntax for each command with examples, and defines key concepts such as Primary Key, Foreign Key, Candidate Key, Super Key, Composite Key, and Unique Key. This serves as a foundational guide for performing basic database operations.

Uploaded by

gillaniazeem09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CREATE TABLE

The CREATE TABLE command is used to define a new table in your database. You
specify the table name and then list the columns, along with their data types.

Syntax:

SQL

CREATE TABLE table_name (

column1_name datatype,

column2_name datatype,

column3_name datatype

);

Example:

Let's create a table called Students to store student information.

SQL

CREATE TABLE Students (

student_id INT,

first_name VARCHAR(50),

last_name VARCHAR(50),

age INT

);

INSERT INTO

The INSERT INTO command is used to add new rows of data into a table. You must
specify the table name and the values for each column.

Syntax:

SQL

INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3)

VALUES (value1, value2, value3);

Example:

Let's add a new student to our Students table.

SQL
INSERT INTO Students (student_id, first_name, last_name, age)

VALUES (1, 'Alice', 'Johnson', 20);

SELECT

The SELECT command is used to retrieve data from a table. You can select all
columns or just specific ones.

To select all columns:

SQL

SELECT * FROM table_name;

Example:

SQL

SELECT * FROM Students;

To select specific columns:

SQL

SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name;

Example:

SQL

SELECT first_name, last_name FROM Students;

UPDATE

The UPDATE command is used to modify existing data in a table. You must use a
WHERE clause to specify which rows to update. If you don't use a WHERE clause, all
rows in the table will be updated.

Syntax:

SQL

UPDATE table_name

SET column1 = new_value1, column2 = new_value2

WHERE some_column = some_value;

Example:

Let's update Alice's age to 21.


SQL

UPDATE Students

SET age = 21

WHERE student_id = 1;

DELETE

The DELETE command is used to remove rows from a table. Just like with UPDATE,
you should always use a WHERE clause to specify which rows to delete.

Syntax:

SQL

DELETE FROM table_name

WHERE some_column = some_value;

Example:

Let's delete the student with student_id of 1.

SQL

DELETE FROM Students

WHERE student_id = 1;

ORDER BY

The ORDER BY clause is used with SELECT to sort the result set. You can sort in
ascending (ASC) or descending (DESC) order. ASC is the default if you don't specify
anything.

Syntax:

SQL

SELECT column1, column2

FROM table_name

ORDER BY column1 ASC|DESC;

Example:

Let's get all students, ordered by age in ascending order.

SQL
SELECT * FROM Students

ORDER BY age ASC;

DROP TABLE

The DROP TABLE command is used to completely remove a table from the database,
including all of its data.

Syntax:

SQL

DROP TABLE table_name;

Example:

SQL

DROP TABLE Students;

Primary Key: A unique identifier for each row in a table. It cannot be null.

Foreign Key: A link between two tables, referring to the primary key of another table.

Candidate Key: Any key that can serve as the primary key.

Super Key: A key that can uniquely identify a row, but may contain extra columns.

Composite Key: A primary key made of two or more columns.

Unique Key: Uniquely identifies rows, but can have one null value.

You might also like