THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED

ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA
(DECENTRALIZED OFFICE)

[Link]-36-22/2, PITHAPURAM COLONY,

VISAKHAPATNAM-530003

A PROJECT SUBMITTED
By
NAME: ADITYA CHOUDHARY
(SRO0867583)
BATCH NO: 27, ROLL NO: 08

Submitted in part of fulfilment of the

requirements

For information technology training department

ITT

THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF

INDIA

VISAKHAPATNAM
1|Page
2|Page
 1.1.1
THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF
INDIA
(DECENTRALIZED OFFICE)
[Link]-36-22/2, PITHAPURAM COLONY,

VISAKHAPATNAM-530003

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TRAINING

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project work is comfortably

carried out by:

NAME: ADITYA CHOUDHARY (SRO0867583)

BATCH NO: 27, ROLL NO: 08

Under my supervision and guidance during ITT Course

Department of ITT

3|Page
 Acknowledgment

At the outset, I would like to thank the INSTITUTE OF

CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA for organizing this
course which served as a vibrant platform for learning
the dynamic areas of computers relevant to us as future
chartered accountants.

I would record my gratitude and respect to the chairman

and course coordinator of this chapter for their guidance
throughout the training session.

I would also acknowledge my gratitude to my faculty for

their lectures and guidance throughout the course and
their valuable advice in my practical sessions.

Also, I would record my gratitude to my parents, friends

and fellow trainees who are with me during all successes
and failures.

ADITYA
CHOUDHARY

SRO0867583

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.n Particulars Page

o no

1. Ms power point presentation 19-32

2. MS Excel 32-53

3. MS Access 54-62

4. DBMS 63

5. TALLY ERP 9 64-84

6. MS WORD 85-105

7. ZOHO BOOKS

MS POWER POINT PRESENTATION

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INTRODUCTION TO POWER POINT PRESENTATION
- MS. POWERPOINT IS A PROGRAM THAT IS INCLUDED IN
THE MICROSOFT OFFICE SUITE.
- IT IS USED TO MAKE PRESENTATIONS FOR PERSONAL
AND PROFESSIONALS PURPOSE.

- IT IS A COMBINATION OF VARIOUS SLIDES DEPICTING A

GRAPHICAL AND VISUAL INTERPRETATION.

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Power point:
PowerPoint is presentation software using
power point we can prepare slides and presentation
The extension of power point presentation file is .PPTX
(.PPT for lower versions)

Parts of power point

1. Title bar
2. Ribbon (files, insert, design)

3. Quick access tool bar

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 4. Presentation area

5. Slide navigation toolbar

6. Horizontal &vertical tool bar

7. Status bar

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Steps to prepare presentation:
1. Open power point
2. Select blank presentation
3. Click create
4. Click layout
5. Select blank presentation
6. Click file>select save>type file name>save
7. Click design tab

8. Click background styles

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 9. Format background

[Link]>one colour>choose any colour>close (or)

[Link] gradient colour>choose two colour>close
(or)

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 [Link] picture background >select files>choose
picture>insert>close
[Link] insert tab
[Link] word art>choose any >type text>ok

[Link] picture or clipart >select picture

[Link]
[Link] new slide
[Link] 8 to16 steps
[Link]
[Link] run presentation press f5
[Link] cancel presentation press esc

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Simple animation steps

1. Prepare presentation of some slides

2. Save
3. Select 1st slide
4. Choose transition>choose any transition

5. Choose remaining slides>choose transition

6. Select 1st slide
7. Click animation tab

8. Select your text or picture

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 9. Choose effect
[Link] for all slide
[Link]
[Link] rehearse timing

[Link] one by one slide

[Link] yes
[Link] setup slide show
[Link] loop until esc
[Link] browsed at kiosk screen

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 18. Select from option

19. Ok

20. Save

21. To Run power point presentation press f5

22. To cancel presentation press esc

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 STEPS TO PREPARE POWER POINT PRESENTATION:-
1. CLICK DESIGN TAB
2. CLICK BACKGROUND STYLES
3. SELECT SOLID VOLOUR OR GRADIENT COLOUR
4. OPEN YOUR POWER POINT
5. CLICK ON BLANK PRESENTATION -> 0K
6. SELECT LAYOUT -> BLANK
7. CLICK INSERT TAB
8. CLICK WORD ART –TYPE YOUR TEXT
9. SAVE
10. CLICK INSERT TAB ->CLICK PICTURE/SMART
ART/SHAPE PREPARE YOUR SLIDE
11. CLICK NEW SLIDE (FROM HOME TAB )
12. REPEAT [Link] 4 TO 10
13. SAVE
14. TO RUN YOUR PRESENTATION PRESS
15. TO STOP YOUR PRESENTATION PRESS ESC.

SIMPLE ANIMATIONS

1. SELECT YOUR FIRST SLIDE

2. CLICK TRANSITIONS TAB
3. SELECT ANY TRANSITION EFFECT
4. SELECT YOUR TEXT/PICTURE/SMART ART
5. CLICK ANIMATIONS TAB
6. SELECT ANY EFFECT
7. APPLY ANIMATION EFFECTS FOR ALL SLIDES

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 8. SAVE
9. CLICK SLIDE SHOW TAB
10. CLICK REHARSE TIMINGS
11. CLICK SLIDES ONE BY ONE SLOWLY
12. CLICK YES
13. CLICK SET UP SLIDE SHOW
14. SET LOOP UNTIL ESC
15. SELECT BROWSED AT KIOSK (FULL SCREEN)
16. FROM OPTION
17. OK
18. SAVE
19. TO RUN ANIMATION PRESS F5
20. TO STOP ANIMATION PRESS ESC

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19 | P a g e
 MS EXCEL

Xlsx-> excel
Xls-> excel old version\

Title bar-> file name

FX-> formula bar
D1-> name bar

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Dollar $ next row /column is absolute
Others relative
Absolute-> does not changes
Relative-> changes
Copy-> ctrl+alt+v

Format painter -> double click for multiple use

Data types:-

1. Integer
2. Float
3. String
4. Bullion word

Text based formulas:-

1. Len
2. Left

3. Right
4. Mid
5. Find

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 6. Search
7. Replace
8. Lower
9. Upper
10. Proper
11. Trim
12. Char
13. rept

Spread Sheet Details:

Worksheet is a grid made up of horizontal rows and vertical
columns.
Each intersection of a row and a column forms a cell.
♣ Row number
♣ Column letter
♣ Active cell
♣ Formula bar
♣ Name box
♣ Sheet tab
♣ Quick access tool bar
♣ Ribbon
♣ Cell reference
♣ Formula

Applications of Electronic Spread Sheets:

★ Budgets
★ Inventory management
★ Portfolio management
★ Management decision support

Features of MS-EXCEL:
⮚ Worksheet and graphics
⮚ Data lists and data bases
⮚ Data exchange and other applications
⮚ Results-oriented user interface
⮚ Optimized memory consumption
⮚ Access spreadsheets from virtually anywhere
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 ⮚ Connect and share when working together

Starting MS-EXCEL:
I. Click start button and select MS excel from MS OFFICE.
II. Create a new workbook by selecting file tab and then
new.
III. And then proceed with operations.

CREATING A NEW WORKBOOK:

● Click the file tab and then click new
● Under available templates, double click blank workbook.

Opening a New Workbook:

 Click the file tab and then click open
 In the open dialogue box browse to the location that
contains the workbook to open.
 After finding the required workbook, select it
 Click open

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Executing Commands:
Excel commands can be given in any of the following ways:
☯ Choosing an option from file tab
☯ Choosing an option from the shortcut menu
☯ Selecting a tool from the ribbon
☯ Using short cut key combinations

Using templates:
A template is like a pad of pre-printed paper.
Every time a template is opened a copy of the template is
created.

Using sheets in a workbook:

✔ Changing the name of a worksheet
✔ Changing default number of sheets in new work books
✔ Inserting additional work books
✔ Delete a work sheet
✔ Navigate between cells
✔ Copying or moving sheet

Entering data:
These are of three kinds:
✶ Entering a label (text) or a value (number)
✶ Entering data in different formats
✶ Entering series –Auto fill

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Editing data:
The cell contents can also be rearranged apart from being
changed or edited. Editing data
Can be done as follows:
❖ Copying and pasting cell contents
❖ Moving cell contents using mouse
❖ In – cell editing
❖ Inserting cells, rows or columns
❖ Deleting cells, rows, or columns

Saving a file in a PDF format:

Files created in MS-EXCEL can also be saved in a portable
document format.

Closing a work book:

Click the windows icon and select close option.

Formulae:
When using a formula in the spread sheet the result will
automatically change.
1. Formula operators
→ Arithmetic operators
→ Text concatenation operator
→ Comparison operators
→ Reference operators
2. Parts of a formula:
→ Functions
→ References
→ Constants
→ Operators

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Using Functions:
Excel includes hundreds of functions which can be used to
calculate results.
Functions are structured programmes that calculate a
specific result.
Functions are formulas.
Excel’s functions are grouped into 10 categories namely
- Financial
- Date and time
- Maths and trigonometry
- Statistical
- Lookup and reference
- Database
- Text
- Logical
- Information
- Engineering
- Cube
- Compatibility

Financial Functions:
Some of the useful financial functions are
☯ NPV
☯ FV
☯ IRR
☯ PMT
☯ SLN

Mathematical Functions:

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Some of the major mathematical functions are
❖ ABS
❖ FACT
❖ GCD
❖ INT
❖ LN
❖ LOG
❖ MOD
❖ MROUND
❖ POWER
❖ RAND
❖ RANDBETWEEN
❖ ROUND
❖ SIGN
❖ SQRT
❖ SUBTOTAL
❖ SUMIF

Statistical Functions:
Some of the major statistical functions are as follows
✶ AVEDEV
✶ AVERAGE
✶ COUNT
✶ COUNTIF
✶ COVARIANCE
✶ FORECAST
✶ FREQUENCY
✶ LARGE
✶ MAX
✶ MAXA
✶ MEDIAN
✶ MIN
✶ MINA
✶ [Link]
✶ PERMUT
✶ PROB
✶ SMALL
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 ✶ STDEVA
✶ STDEV.S
✶ VARA
✶ VAR.S

Formula Error Messages:

If formula is incorrectly entered an error message is
displayed.
Formula Auditing:
The process of examining a worksheet for errors in formulas
is referred to as formula auditing.
Formatting Worksheets:
MS-EXCEL provides several features to format the text data
and numeric data for better representation.
� Cell styles
� Table styles
� Formatting commands

Formatting Worksheets-Formatting Commands:

☯ Headings are aligned with the data
☯ The column widths are adjusted properly
☯ The tile is prominent
☯ Boarders break the data into sections
☯ Numeric formatting has removed extra decimal places.

Cell Styles:
✔ Aligning Cells:
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 � Align left
� Align right
� Centre
� Top aligns
� Middle aligns
� Bottom align, etc.,
✔ Formatting Font:
� Increase font size
� Decrease font size
✔ Boarders And Fill Patterns:
There are many unique combinations of boarders for any
four-cell range.
✔ Adjusting column width and row height:
The width of every column in a worksheet can be adjusted
to reduce wasted space and allow a report fit on one page.

Borders and Fill Patterns:

There are many unique combinations of borders for any four-
cell range.
Adjusting Column Width and Row Height:
The width of every column in a worksheet can be adjusted to
reduce wasted source and allow a report fit on a page.

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Copying Formats:
To save time and effort we can copy formats from one
section to another section.
After copying formats an option on the paste menu allows
the user to paste the copied formats.

Copy- ctrl-c
Paste- ctrl-v

Conditional Formatting:
This icon helps in easy-to-use data visualization.
The possibilities in data visualization are:
� Highlight cells rules
� Top/bottom rules

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 � Data bars, colour scales, icon sets
� Excel tables

Restructuring Worksheets:
The worksheet in MS excel can be restructured by:
☞ Freeze panes
☞ Splitting panes

Excel Charts:
Charts are graphical representation of data.
Components of a chart:
� Series name
� Series value
� Category labels
� Chart area
� Data marker
� Data series
� Axis
� Tick mark
� Plot area
� Gridlines
� Chart text
� Legend

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Charts Are Of Following Types:
❖ Line charts
❖ Column charts
❖ Bar charts
❖ Area charts
❖ Surface charts
❖ Trend line charts
❖ Candlestick stock chart with volume
❖ Pie chart
❖ XY (scatter) chart
❖ Time series chart
❖ Bubble chart
❖ Radar chart
❖ Rotating 3-D excel chart
❖ 3-D attributes

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Spark Lines:
A spark line is a tiny chart embedded in a worksheet cell that
provides a visual representation of data.
There are three types of spark lines available:
★ Line spark line
★ Column spark line
★ Win/loss spark line

Macro:
A macro is a way to automate a task that is to be performed
repeatedly.
It is a programme that uses visual basic application code to
automate.
Hyperlink:
A hyperlink is a link from an excel file that opens a web page
or another file when it is clicked.

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Opening Non Excel Files in Excel:
We can open many different types of files in excel.
File tab > open > all files > text import wizard.

Sorting:
Excel allows us to sort on various criteria.
We can sort data by:
� Text
� Numbers
� Dates and times
� Custom list
� Cell colour
� Font colour
� Cell icon

Filter:
Filtering is a way that we can use excel to quickly extract
certain data from our spread sheet.
Excel has an Auto filter feature.

More Filtering Techniques:

Excel also enables us to perform more intricate types of
filtering.
Two particularly useful types are:
✔ Finding the top (or bottom) 10 in a column.
✔ Using custom filters.

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Sub Totals:
Excel’s subtotal feature helps us to draw specific information
from one or more sub sections of a data base or list of data.

Data Consolidation:
If we have data on separate sheets, we can check them
individually in separate worksheets through consolidate
feature under data tab.

What If Analysis:
What if analysis has powerful excelled tools that allow us
to see what the desired result of the financial model
would be under different circumstances?

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Goal Seek:
The goal seek feature in Excel 2010 is tool that enables
us to find the input values needed to achieve a goal or an
objective.
We can think goal seek as opposite of formulas.
Goal seek requires the following information:
 Set cell
 To value
 By changing cell

Scenario Manager:
This feature enables us to create different scenarios.

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 Solver:
Solver is an excel add-in that can solve problems by
enabling a target cell to achieve some goal.

Statistical Analysis Using Data Analysis:

Descriptive statistics and many more options are
available which provides us with insight into
characteristics of a restricted set of objects.
 Mean
 Median
 Mode
 Skegness
 Kurtosis
 Sample variance
☞ Standard deviation

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 Nested IFS:
An IF formula, containing more than one IF statement is
called a nested IF formula.

Look Up Functions:
These functions enable us to “look up” values from work
sheet ranges.
Mysterious Fourth Lookup Argument:
The range _look up function or the fourth argument in
look up syntax is a Boolean value.
Create A Drop-Down List From A Range Of Cells:
When a drop-down list is created for a cell, it displays an
arrow next to that cell.
Apply data validation to cells:
Data validation can be applied to cells to achieve the
following objectives:
✔ Restrict data entry to values in a drop-down list
✔ Restrict data entry to a whole number
✔ Restrict data entry to a decimal number within limits
✔ Restrict data entry to a date /time within a time frame
✔ Restrict data entry to text of a specified length.
✔ Use a formula to calculate what is allowed.

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 Copy data validation settings:
 Select the cell
 On home tab click copy
 Select cells
 On home tab click paste special.
 Under paste select validation and then click ok

Display or hide circle around invalid data:

In the following cases validation messages won’t appear
and invalid data can be entered:
❖ When a formula in the cell calculates a result that isn’t
valid
❖ When macros enter invalid data in the cell

Remove data validation:

To remove data validation on data menu, click validation,
and in the data validation dialog box click the settings
tab and then click clear all.
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Protect cell data:
We can protect data in excel against things like
accidentally deleted formulas, mistakenly or intentionally
scrambled formatting by:
 Lock
 Hide

Protecting work sheet using password:

Work sheet can be protected by adding a password.

Creating pivot tables:

To create a pivot table, we select. A cell in excel table or
the entire excel table.

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Swapping rows and columns:
One key features of pivot tables are flexibility. We can
move fields, recalculate in different ways, innumerable
times.
Grouping fields:
Pivot tables gives us the facility to group & subgroups up
to any level by adding to rows or columns.
Further we can hide or show different groups.
Drill down pivots:
Whenever we want to see the values behind a pivot field,
we need to double click on it.
Layout and format:
Formatting a pivot table is a breeze and an easy as
formatting any list or table in excel.
The design tab on pivot table tools is divided into three
groups:
 Layout group
 Pivot table style options
 Pivot tables styles group

Pivot chart reports:

A pivot chart paints a picture of the data in a pivot table
and can make the easier to understand.

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 MS ACCESS
MS ACCESS WAS DEVELOPED BY MICROSOFT
CORPORATION INC.
USING MS ACCESS WE CAN CREATE, ALTER, UPDATE,
DELETE AND SELECT DATABASE.

THE EXTENSION OF MS ACCESS DATABASE FILE IS .ACCDB

AND FOR OLD VERSION .MDB

TO CREATE DATABASE IN MS ACCESS

1. OPEN MS ACCESS

2. CLICK BLANK DATABASE

3. TYPE FILE NAME -> CLICK CREATE

4. RIGHT MOUSE CLICK TABLE 1 -> DESIGN VIEW

5. TYPE TABLE NAME (EG. STUDENT )

PREPARE THE FOLLOWING FORMAT:

FIELD DATA TYPE DESCRIPTION

NAME

SNO. NUMBER STUDENT NUMBER

S NAME SHORT STUDENT NAME

TEXT

COURSE SHORT COURSE

TEXT

FEE NUMBER MONTHLY FEE

DOJ DATE/TIME DOJ

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PHOTOGRA ATTACHME PHOTOGRAPH
PH NT

EMAIL HYPER EMAIL

LINK

STATUS YES/NO STATUS

6. SAVE , CLOSE , OPEN YOUR TABLE

7. ENTER DATA

8. SAVE

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Primary Key:

The Primary key is the unique identifier for each record

in a table. Access will not duplicate entries in a primary
key field.

- To set a Primary Key:

1. In Design view position your cursor in the field you wish
to set as the Primary Key
2. Click the Primary Key button on toolbar
3. Save the table

NOTE: To turn off the Primary Key simply click on the

Primary Key button again

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Form:
Form is a data entry screen. It is a user interface
between the user and base table

- To create a form:
1. Click Create Tab
2. Click Form Wizard
3. Select Table name
4. Select column name
5. Click next button until finish.

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 6. Enter records using navigation bar.

7. Save, Close and

8. Open your base table.
Form Wizard:

1. Right click form output

2. Select the design view and open Property sheet
3. Click SID,[Link], Label buttons
4. Select Back color, fore color, font size……

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5. Change as required.

6. Place button control on the form design.

7. Choose category and action.

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8. Click next until finish. Save, close and reopen your form.

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 Report Wizard:

- To create report wizard the following steps to be

followed
1. Click create tab.
2. Click report wizard.
3. Select table name.
4. Select column name.
5. Click next until finish.

Query:
It is used to display database results.
- To create Query Design the following steps to be followed
1. CLICK CREATE TAB
2. CLICK QUERY DESIGN
3. SELECT TABLE THAT YOU WOULD LIKE TO BASE ON QUERY
4. CLICK ADD

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5. SELECT THE TABLE AFTER ENTRY OF DATA
6. CLOSE AND SHOW TABLE WINDDOW
7. SAVE, CLOSE AND QUERY.

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 DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS)

1. RAW FACTS ARE DATA

2. PROCESSED DATA IS INFORMATION
3. COLLECTION OF RELATED INFORMATION IS DATABASE

MEANING: A DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS) IS

SYSTEM SOFTWARE FOR CREATING AND MANAGING
DATABASES. A DBMS MAKES IT POSSIBLE FOR END USERS TO
CREATE, PROTECT, READ, UPDATE AND DELETE DATA IN A
DATABASE.

TYPES OF DBMS

1. RELATIONAL DATABASE
2. OBJECT ORIENTED DATABASE
3. HIERARCHIAL DATABASE
4. NETWORK DATABASE

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 [Link] 9

Introduction:

TALLY was initially introduced by BHARAT GOYINKA in

1983, the original name was PATRONICS PRIVATE LTD.

TALLY was an accounting software.

Accounting software is a system that automatically carries

out “Mechanical Activities “in accounting process.

 The first version was TALLY 4.5 in 1988 –here only

accounts were operated in MS DOS but no
maintenance of inventory and tax.
 Later TALLY 5.4 was started along with accounts ,
inventory is also maintained in MS DOS
 And then TALLY 6.3 was started including INTERNET
and in WINDOWS operating system by the time which
MS DOS was outdated
 Then TALLY 7.2 which had a major revolutionary
software that includes TAXATION in this version
 TALLY 8.1 was introduced which was a total failure in
the entire tally history because it included all the
regional languages and also FBT (fringe benefit taxes
-which was introduced by govt. So far and removed it
immediately) this caused the tally 8.1 version to face
major problem.
 Recently TALLY 9 was introduced which includes
EXCISE AND PAYROLL.
 And then finally [Link] 9 was started which had
an easy usage. This can used anywhere in the world
and also now a days major countries are using this
version.

Advantages of Tally:

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1. Accuracy is the best advantage we can see in TALLY

2. Minimizes the work

3. It is user friendly

4. Time saving

5. Multiple reports on timely basis

Company Info. Screen:

In order to load a company using the Select Company

option, disable the default loading of a company in
[Link] file. Set Default Companies to No OR place a semi-
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colon before Load = 00001 (company number - placing a
semicolon means that the words following it in that line
would not be executed. Each line is a separate command).

Ccompany Creation Screen:

Creating a Company involves providing basic information

about the company whose books of accounts are to be
maintained in Tally ERP [Link] to Gateway of Tally >
(Alt+F3) Company Info. > Create Company Directory. The
data path where you want the company to be created is
specified in the Directory field

Name:
Enter the name of the company whose books are being
opened. If you are a professional accountant and are
maintaining the books of your clients, give the Client
Company's name.
Mailing Name and Address:
In addition to the Company Name, Tally ERP 9 provides
the facility to enter the Mailing Name field. It displays
the Company Name by default. You may change it as

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required, if the mailing name is different from the
Company Name. The mailing name and address details
are picked up for inclusion in any report that needs the
company name and address as heading. For example:
Balance Sheets, Statement of Accounts, and so on.

Enable Auto Backup:

Set this to Yes, if you want to enable the automatic
backup of Tally ERP 9 data (per company). Else, set this
to No. The data backup is stored in the data folder of the
respective company. The auto backup data can be
restored by pressing Ctrl +Alt +K from Company Info
menu or Gateway of Tally.
NOTE: Ensure that all the systems in a network have the
same date and time settings.
Financial Year From:
In most countries, the books of accounts of a company
are maintained for a stipulated period like, 12 months,
15 months, and so on. This stipulated period is referred
to as the Financial Year.

Books Beginning From:

Tally ERP 9 presumes that you wish to maintain books
from the beginning of the financial year. Hence, Tally ERP
9 displays the date given in Financial Year from field
automatically.
The date for Books beginning from can be changed, in
case of companies, which are incorporated in the middle
of the year.

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Tally First Screen:
pp

Gateway of Tally is the screen that appears on selecting

a company. The Gateway of Tally menu differs based on
the type of company selected. An Accounts Only
Company has a different Gateway of Tally menu from that
of an Accounts-with-Inventory Company

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F4: Group

Click on F4: Group or press F4 to filter the Ledgers

belonging to a particular Group.

Select the required Group from Select Item screen and

press Enter to view List of Accounts Configuration for -
Amortisation of Intangible.

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Tally Menu Options Screen:

By default, Tally. ERP 9 contains two Ledger accounts

namely, Cash (Under Cash-in- Hand) and Profit and Loss
Account (direct Primary Account). You need to create all
other accounts heads. There are no restrictions in Ledger
creation except that you cannot create another Profit &
Loss A/c. Any number of Cash Accounts may be created in
any other name for ex: Petty Cash.
Go to Gateway of Tally > Accounts Info > Ledgers >
Create

Ledgers: The creation of a Ledger depends on the features

you have selected under F11: Features of your company
and F12: Configure. You can create a single ledger account
with the default options enabled.

Go to Gateway of Tally > Accounts Info > Ledgers >

Single Ledger > Create

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Name:
Enter the Name of the account. You can provide the full
name of the account.
Opening Balance:
If yours is an existing company whose books you are
entering into Tally. ERP 9, Opening Balance would be
applicable in circumstances where the Ledger is an asset
or a liability and if it has a balance in the account as on
the date of beginning of books in Tally. ERP 9.

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Purchases Voucher:

Purchase voucher is used to record the Purchase

transactions of the company. The entry can be passed
using the Voucher mode or the Invoice mode where the
calculations can be automated and the user can
experience the ease of feeding the transactions into the
system.

Sales Voucher:

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 When a sales transaction is made, a document detailing
the transaction (item name, tax, etc.) has to be given to
the buyer or debtor as proof of purchase by him. This
document is called Invoice or Bill or Cash Memo. Tally.
ERP 9 provides the option of creating Invoices.
Invoice mode is of two types. It may be:
1. An Account Invoice

2. An Item Invoice

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 Ratio analysis is a powerful tool for financial analysis. A
meaningful analysis of a financial statement is made
possible by the use of ratios.
Ratios are a set of figures compared with another set.
The comparison gives an understanding of the financial
position of a business unit. There are a number of ratios
which can be computed from a single set of financial
statements. The ratios to be computed depend on the
purpose for which these ratios are required. A single
ratio may sometimes give some information, but to make
a comprehensive analysis, a set of inter-related ratios
are required to be analysed.
To view the Ratio Analysis
Go to Gateway of Tally> Ratio Analysis

Profit and Loss Account or Income Statement is a periodic

statement, which shows the net result of business

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operations for a specified period. All the expenses incurred
and incomes earned during the reporting period are
recorded in the Profit and Loss account or Income and
Expenditure account.
The profit and loss account in Tally. ERP 9 displays the
information based on the default primary groups. It is
updated instantly with every transaction/ voucher that is
entered and saved. No special processing is required to
produce a profit and loss account in Tally. ERP 9.
To view the Profit & Loss Account of ABC Company,
Go to Gateway of Tally > Profit & Loss A/c
● Click F1: Detailed, to view the Profit & Loss Account in
detailed format.

Accounts with Inventory:

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 Sundry Debtors:

Sundry Creditor

Stock Items:

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 Gateway of Tally is the screen that appears on selecting
a company. The Gateway of Tally menu differs based on
the type of company selected. An Accounts Only
Company has a different Gateway of Tally menu from that
of an Accounts-with-Inventory Company.
● Gateway of Tally Screen (Accounts-Only)

● Gateway of Tally (Accts with Inventory)

Creation of Stock Items:

The creation of a Ledger depends on the features you

have selected under F11: Features of your company and
F12: Configure. You can create a single ledger account
with the default options enabled. Go to Gateway of Tally >
Accounts Info > Ledgers > Single Ledger >Create

Purchase Transactions:

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 Purchase voucher is used to record the Purchase
transactions of the company. The entry can be passed
using the Voucher mode or the Invoice mode where the
calculations can be automated and the user can
experience the ease of feeding the transactions into the
system.

Sales Transactions:
When a sales transaction is made, a document detailing
the transaction (item name, tax, etc.) has to be given to
the buyer or debtor as proof of purchase by him. This
document is called Invoice or Bill or Cash Memo. Tally.
ERP 9 provides the option of creating Invoices.

Invoice mode is of two types. It may be:

1. An Account Invoice

2. An Item Invoice

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 3. Stock Summary Graph

4. CREATE A COMPANY - GATEWAY OF TALLY – STOCK

SUMMARY- F12 – MAKE INWARDS /OUTWARDS AND EXPAND
ALL LEVELS IN DETAILED FORMAT – “YES”.

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 Profits
:

Inventory Info.

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Purchase Invoice:

Sales Invoice:

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Stock Query:

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Transfer of materials

Bank Reconciliation Statement:

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 To view the Ledger Vouchers,
Go to Gateway of Tally > Display > Account Books >
Ledger > Ledger account e.g., Commission account
The list of vouchers for the current month is displayed.
You can change the period using F2: Period button, as
required.
Debit Note:
Debit Note is a document issued to a party stating that
you are debiting their Account in your Books of Accounts
for the stated reason or vice versa. It is commonly used
in case of Purchase Returns, Escalation/De-escalation in
price, any other expenses incurred by you on behalf of
the party etc.
Debit Note can be entered in voucher or Invoice mode.
You need to enable the feature in F11: Accounting or
Inventory features.
● To use it in Voucher mode you need to enable the
feature in F11: Accounting Features - Use Debit / Credit
Notes.

● To make the entry in Invoice mode enable the option

F11: Accounting Features - Use invoice mode for Debit
Notes.

To go to Debit, Note Entry Screen,

Go to Gateway of Tally > Accounting Vouchers

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Credit Note:
Credit Note is a document issued to a party stating that
you are crediting their Account in your Books of Accounts
for the stated reason or vice versa. It is commonly used
in case of Sales Returns, Escalation/De-escalation in
price.

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Stock Summary:

Stock Vouchers:
1. Go to Gateway of Tally > Display > Inventory Books >
Stock Items
2. Select a stock item from the list of items
3. Drill down from any month to display Stock Vouchers

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 MS WORD
INTRODUCTION TO WORD:

THIS IS WORD FILE ALSO CALLED AS DOCUMENT

Features of Ms Word 2010:

1. Formatting Effects:

MS WORD 2010 has new and improved formatting effects

through which we can add effects such as gradient fills
and reflections directly to the text in our document.

2. Navigation pane:

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 Using the Navigation pane, we can search for text as
well as graphics, tables, equations and other non-texted
elements.

 How to open a navigation plane

 What can be done using a navigation plane?

 What are the different views provided by the navigation

pane?

 Heading view:

 This view provides a hierarchy of heading in our

document.

 Thumbnail view:

 This view provides thumbnail view

 Search Results View:

 This view provides the result of the current search.

1) Integration Of Screenshot Feature:

The screen tool in Microsoft word 2010 allows us to
capture an image of a particular screen and then insert
it into our document.

2) Background Removal Tool:

It is a handy new tool that narrows the gap between
word processor and image editor.

3) Backstage view:
It is the nerve centre of Word 2010, wherein we can
perform action that affect the whole document. Or
the word program itself.

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1. Artistic Effects:
There are lots of different Artistic Effects with just one
mouse click that can be applied to the picture we insert
into our Word Document.

Open Type Features:

We can use the new Open Type features in Microsoft
word 2010 with a font that supports these features to
make our document look professionally printed.
2. More themes:
A theme in Office affects the whole document and offers
a way to co-ordinate different elements of the page
stylishly.
3. Protect View:
Word 2010 will open documents in protected view if they
come from an untrusted source, such as

 The Internet

 An email attachment

 Our temporary internet files folder

 A location defined in network policy as unsafe.

 New numbering formats

 Word 2010 includes new fixed-digit numbering formats,

such as 001, 002, 003, and 0001, 0002, 0003…

 New smart art graphic picture layouts

 Smart art graphic is simple, do the following

 Insert the smart graphic picture layout

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 Add selected photographs.

 Write descriptive text

 Word includes several different picture layouts to

choose from

 Better picture compression and cropping

o We can use the new and improved picture-editing

tools to trim images and get just the look that we
want.

Work on the same document at the same time in word

2010, we can work together right within word. We do not
have to send with e-mail attachments or save draft
documents.
Getting Started With Ms Word:
The way to load MS-Word is displayed below. We click on
the start button in the bottom left-hand corner and then
select Microsoft office Word
Quick Access Toolbar:

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 The Ruler:
We can use the horizontal and vertical rulers to align
text, graphics, tables, other elements in our document. If
the ruler is not visible, we shall either follow these steps:

1. Click the View tab to choose it.

2. Click the check box next to ruler in the show group. The
ruler appears below the Ribbon

The Text Area:

Text area is a larger area just below the ruler where the
desired content can be inserted.
File Tab:
The windows icon on the extreme left is the file tab. It
displays the following pot

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 To create a new document:

1. Click File >>New

2. If we want to start with the equivalent of a blank paper,

double-click Blank Document

a. Or Press Ctrl + N
To enter text in the document:
Type the first few lines of the text by placing the cursor
on the desired position.
To save a document:
When we interrupt our work or quit, we must save our
document else it will get lost. When we save our
document, the document is saved as a file on our
computer, where we can open it later to modify it and
print it.

1. Click save (Ctrl + S) on the Quick Access Toolbar.

2. If this document was already saved as a file, any

changes we made are immediately saved in the
document, and we can continue working.

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 3. If this is a new document that we have not yet saved,
we shall type a name for it

4. Click Save. Or Press CTRL + S to save the document.

To Close the Document:
To close a word document, we can either click the
file>>> Close or Close or press Ctrl + W.
To Rename a Document:
To rename a word document, do the following:

(i) Click the file option and the option open.

(ii) Choose the document and right-click it with the

mouse and select Rename from the shortcut menu.
To Open an Existing Document:
To open an existing word document, do any of the
following:

1. The fastest way to open a file from the Open dialog box
is to double-click the file we want to open, or

2. Click the file tab and select the option open, or

3. Press ctrl + o on the key board, or

4. If we have recently used the document, we shall click

the file tab and click the option Recent in the window as
depicted.
To print as existing word Document:
Do any of the following to print a word document:

(i) Press Ctrl + P or

(ii) Click File > Print.

I. Permissions: Protect any Word Document

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(i)Mark as Final:

(ii) Encrypt with Pass word

(iii) Restrict Editing

(iv) Formatting restrictions

(v) Editing Restrictions

(vi) Start enforcement

(vii)Restrict Permission by People
(viii)Add a Digital Signature
Prepare for Sharing
Inspect Document:

 Comments, revision marks from tracked

changes, versions and ink annotations:

 Document properties and personal information:

 Headers, footers. and personal information:

 Hidden Text:

 Document server properties:

 Custom XML data:

Check Accessibility:
Accessibility checker

 Error

 Warning

 Tip
Use Accessibility Checker, Document modes and
compatibility.

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 When we open a document in word 2010, it is in one of
three modes:

- Word 2010

- Word 2007 Compatibility Mode

- Word 97-2003 Compatibility Mode

Save & Send:

 Send using email

 Send as attachment

 Send as PDF

 Sane as XPS

File Types

A. Change File type:

Extension File format

Docks Word Document

. dock Word Macro-Enabled document

.doc Word 97-2003 Document

.dot Word Template

.dot Word Macro-Enabled Template

.dot Word 97-2003 Template

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.pdf PDF

. met (MHTML) Single file Web Page

.him (HTML) Web Page

.him (HTML, Web Page, Filtered

filtered)

.rtf Rich Text Format

.txt Plain Text

. Xml (word2007) Word XML Document

.xml (Word 2003) Word 2003 Xml Document

Dot Open Document Text

. was Works 6-9

B. Create PDF/XPS Document

HOME TAB:
This tab has the following options shown below
1. Clipboard
2. Font
3. Paragraph
4. Styles
5. Editing

Clipboard Group:

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 The Microsoft Office Clipboard allows us to copy
multiple text and graphical items from office documents
or other programs and paste them into another office
document.

I Format Painter:
Format Painter is a multi-step process. We can select
the text whose format we want to use, and then click
the Format Painter button, that copies the format to
the clipboard and our mouse cursor changes into a
vertical line with a paint brush symbol.

II Cut, Copy and Paste:

The cut, copy and paste commands allow us to copy or
remove an item from one place and put it into
another.

III Font:

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 This group has two set of options. Font and Character
spacing.

The Insert Tab:

This section allows the user to insert a cover page, Blank

page, tables, pictures, charts, header and footer, page
numbers etc. The Insert group has the following.

Cover Page:

 Inserting a Cover page

 Insert Tables

 Inserting a Picture

 Insert Chart dialog Box

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 Links:
This Group of Word 32010 helps us insert a bookmark so
that we can quickly return to a specific part of our
document. Inserting Hyperlink dialog box:

Book Mark:
A Book mark identifies a location or a selection of text
that we name and identify for future reference.

Header & Footer:

The Header and Footer section makes inserting a header
or footer easy work and also helps us in inserting page
numbers.

Text:
This Group has the following options as

 Text box:
Using this we can insert a text box.

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 Quick parts:

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 Word Art:
Word art is a gallery of text styles that we can add to our
Office documents to create decorative effects, such as
shadowed or
Mirrored text, skew text, stretch a title, make text fit in a
present shape, gradient field and can even convert
existing text in to word Art.

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Symbol:
Symbols and special characters are punctuation, spacing,
or typographical characters that are not generally
available on the standard key board.

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 Page Layout:
The following options:

1. Themes

2. Page setup

3. Page background

4. Paragraph

5. Arrange

1. Page Setup:
Margins
Orientation
Size
Columns
Breaks
Line numbers
Hyphenation

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2. PAGE BACK GROUND:
This group has the following options:

 Watermark

 Page colour

 Page border

3. PARAGRAPH:
The options indent and spacing in the paragraph tab are
also located in the paragraph section in the home tab of
the word 2010 ribbon.

References:
It has the following options:

● Table of contents

● Footnotes
● Citations &Bibliography
● Captions
● Index
● Table of Authorities.

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 Table of contents:
By using this option, we can add table of contents to our
document.

Manage sources:

A. To find /Add/Delete/Edit Manage Sources

4) On the references tab, in the citations & Bibliography group, click
Manage
Sources as

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Style:
To choose a publishing Style, do the following:

(i) Click the Reference tab

(ii) Click the drop-down box next to style in the citation &
Bibliography Group.

(iii) Choose the appropriate style

1. Bibliography: We can create a bibliography at any point

after we insert one or more sources in a document.

2. Captions:

a. By using this we can insert captions to pictures in

our text our text.

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 b. We can even insert a table using this tab.

MAILING:

1) create

2) start mail merge

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3) write and insert fields

4) preview results

5) finish

ZOHO BOOKS

Zoho Books is a modern cloud-based accounting software designed for small

businesses to efficiently manage their finances and maintain control over
cash flow

Features of Zoho Books:

1) Accessing Zoho Books

[Link] can Access Zoho Books by signing up for a trial for a limited
number of days, which provides access to all features available in
the Premium plan.
[Link] users can directly log in to their Zoho Books account.

2) Dashboard Overview

The Dashboard provides a comprehensive overview of the

company’s financial status, offering key insights into Total
Receivables, Total Payables, Cash Flow, Income & Expense, Top
Expenses, Projects, and Bank & Credit Cards.

3) Customizing Your Zoho Books Account

Configure Zoho Books to suit specific business requirements. This

includes updating email addresses and passwords, customizing the

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 organization’s theme, changing default settings, and performing
various other functions within Zoho Books.

4) e-Way Bills

In the GST regime, an e-way bill is electronically generated and

essential for the movement of goods, both within and outside the
state.

5) Banking Operations

Utilize the Banking module to establish bank or credit card accounts

in Zoho Books, receive bank feeds, reconcile transactions, and
perform various other banking operations.

6) Document Management

The Documents feature in Zoho Books streamlines and centralizes

all your documents. You can upload various documents like receipts
and attach them to transactions such as expenses or bills.

3.2. ACCESSING ZOHO BOOKS

Below are step-by-step instructions to help you get started with your
accounting journey with Zoho Books, a powerful tool designed to
cater to all your financial needs.

Account Access
If you already have an account, you can simply log in to Zoho
Books. For new users, the process involves signing up for a free trial
period, during which you’ll have access to all the features available in the
Premium plan.

3.2.1. SIGNING UP FOR ZOHO BOOKS

If you’re a new user, follow these steps to sign up for
Zoho Books:
1. Navigate to the Zoho Books Home page.
2. Click on the “SIGN UP NOW” at the top right corner.

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 [Link] in your organization details in the provided fields.
4. Click “Create Account.”

Verifying Your Account

After signing up, you’ll receive a verification email. To
complete the process:
1) Go to your registered email address and click on the
verification link.
2) On the redirected page, enter your organization details and
click “Get Started.”

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 COMPANY CREATION:
If you have already signed up for Zoho Books, you can login your
account.
Here’s How:
To set up your organisation profile:
 Log in to your Zoho Books account.
 Go to Settings.
 Select Profile under Organisation.

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ZOHO BOOKS LEDGER CREATION:
The General Ledger is a core accounting component that serves as a central
repository for recording all financial transactions of a business. It provides a
Comprehensive overview of a company’s financial health, including assets,
liabilities, revenue, and expenses.

In Zoho Books, the ledger is referred to as the “chart of Accounts.” The Chart of
accounts is a comprehensive list of all the accounts used in a company’s
accounting system. It categorized the financial transactions of a business into
different accounts, providing a structured overview of the company’s financial
position. Each account in the Chart of Accounts represents a specific type of
financial transaction, such as assets, liabilities, equity, revenue, and expenses.

Here you can view how Ledgers are being created

Sales Ledger
1. Go to “Dashboard” of ZOHO and then to “Reports”
2. Search for “Sale Order Details” in the search bar
3. All the “Sale Order Details” of your company will appear on the screen
4. Here’s a sample “Sales Order” for Reference

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Purchase Ledger:
1. Go to “Dashboard” of ZOHO and then to “Reports”
2. Search for “Purchase Order Details” in the search bar
3. All the “Purchase Order Details” of your company will appear on the
screen
4. Here’s a sample “Purchase Order” for Reference.

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Changes/Effects in Profits & Loss Account and Balance Sheet:
Here’s how receipts and payment we make, affect our Profit & Loss Account
(as per Schedule -3)

Here's how our Balance Sheet (as per Schedule-3) is affected:

ASSETS SIDE:

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LIABILITIES SIDE:

CASH FLOW PRESENTATION:

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Recording Manual Journals:
Here’s how to check the location of Manual Journals we record:
 Go to “Accountants Tab” under the main menu.
 Select “Manual Journals”

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