JIMMA UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
(MSc in Computer engineering)
Advanced computer network and security (ECEG 6605) assignment
Name: - NUREDIN KEDIR
Id No.:- 0186/15
Submitted to:- Mohammed Muntaz Osman (PhD.)
Assistant Professor, Jimma University
Submission date: feb2, 2023
Advantage and disadvantage of static routing
Advantages disadvantages
1 Predictability Maintenance
The path that static routing takes to the destination is Configurations of network is only easier when the
very predictable. Even if there is a change in the network network is small, whenever the size increases the
design and layout, there won't be any changes in the complexity grows as well. Especially the static
router. The users always know where the path is going to configurations contain large number of routes which
be. can take tremendous amount of time to manage.
2 Network Overheads Updates
Unlike dynamic routing, static routing does not contain Not only maintenance, updating routes in a large
any overheads ; almost zero. Therefore, routers and network are known to be a complicated process. Routes
network links don't get overhead imposing. needed to be updated individually as well as in the
correct order. If in case the routes are updated in the
wrong order, there would be problems in the internet
access.
Configurations Redundancy
Configuring networks those are small is relatively easy In the event of a failure, there is no automatic updating
compared to a large network. The network administrator in static routing. Users have to adjust routes manually
only has to apply changes to each router so that they can so that the data flows through an alternative path.
reach to their respective network segments. These
network segments are not directly attached to the router.
Resource Requirement Input Errors
Static routing requires very less number of resources. Static routing is vulnerable to input errors since they
Extra resources such as CPU and memory are not needed are configured manually. Errors can probably appear as
here. a result of a mistake. Network administrators can do
mistakes in configuring routing paths or network
information.
Bandwidth Protocol Support
Static routing does not use any CPU cycles for the Routing protocols lacks the freedom of independence
communication purposes. Hence, it imposes less load on when working with static routes. It always provides
the router CPU. This makes them consume less gives less preference with routes those are configured
bandwidth compared to a dynamic routing protocol. with dynamic routing protocol.
Advantage disadvantage
Configuration completely increases with network size
No extra resources(CPU, bandwidth, etc) are needed
Topology changes will affect configuration
Route path to destination is always the same
Routing tables are small and maintenance is minimal
No automatic updates will be made to routing table if topology changes
Advantages of Dynamic Routing
1. Availability
Routers on default has the capability to communicate with other routers. Therefore, a new router can mention its presence to the other
routers so that all other routers can make changes to their routing tables accordingly.
2. Adaptability
A network that uses dynamic routing not only enlarges, it can also adapt to the changes in the topology so that all the traffic can be
rerouted. Specifically if there are failures in the network component, the traffics are rerouted without the need of manual works.
3. Automation
Dynamic routing is equipped with a process called Routing Process that runs between all the routers. This process ensures that all the
routing updates are sent equally to the connected routers.
4. Uptime
Dynamic routing not only posses intelligence, it can also reach faster. As a result the users can notice more uptime.
5. Latency
Out of all the networking links, Dynamic routing is able to identify the most responsive link. Therefore, the users can experience less
latency and more performance in the network.
6. Configuration
Whenever a new router is added to the network, there is no configuration needed for the remaining routers. For the network offerings,
only new router needed the dynamic routing protocol configuration.
7. Problem Rectification
Dynamic routing not only does adapt to the changes in the configuration, it can also rectify problems in the network. In other words,
the network will continue to function when it is failure. There is actually no difference between a configuration and a network failure.
Disadvantages of Dynamic Routing
1. Resources
Dynamic routing requires more resources such as CPU, RAM and Bandwidth. Hence, for works such as calculating dynamic routes
and holding routing tables, it needs additional resources.
2. Communication
Some machines in the network may have problems in communicating with dynamic routing protocol. Or else these machines would
notice a common protocol. In this case, the only option is Static Routing.
3. Complexity
Dynamic routing tends to implement more complexity in the network, especially in the implementation process. Whenever a router
adapt to the changes in the network it must constantly remove unwanted informations from the routing table. This type of situation
adds more complexity in the routing protocol.
4. Security
Compared to a Static routing technique, a Dynamic routing is less secure due to their multicasting and broadcasting updates. The only
way to increase the security is by using additional configuration settings such as routing protocol and passive interface.
5. Bandwidth Shortages
Using Dynamic routing protocol, router communicate with each other so that they can share information about network topology. If it
is a low speed link such as a large or unstable network, this can drastically consume more bandwidth leading to bandwidth shortages.
6. Cost
Some optical networks tend to use dynamic routing with a wavelength converter which is known to be highly expensive. The purpose
of this is to lower the wavelength requirement. However the results have found to be not such effective.
7. Administration Control
The routes the dynamic routes has to choose is decided by the routing protocol. The network administrator has nothing to do with
them.
Integrated & Differentiated Services
Integrated Services
Integrated services refer to an architecture that ensures the Quality of Service (QoS) on a network. Moreover, these services allow the
receiver to watch and listen to video and sound without any interruption. Each router in the network implements integrated services.
Furthermore, every application requires some kind of guarantee to make an individual reservation.
Furthermore, it is possible to implement the integrated service structure through signalling protocol and admission control routine,
classifier and packet scheduler. Moreover, these services require an explicit signalling mechanism to convey information to routers so
that they can provide the requested resources.
Differentiated Services
Differentiated services refer to a multiple service model that can satisfy many requirements. In other words, it supports multiple
mission-critical applications. Moreover, these services help to minimize the burden of the network devices and also support the scaling
of the network. Some major differentiated services are as follows.
Traffic conditioning – Ensures that the traffic entering the Differentiated Service domain.
Packet classification – Categorizes the packet within a specific group using the traffic descriptor.
Packet marking – Classify a packet based on a specific traffic descriptor.
Congestion Management – Achieve queuing and traffic scheduling.
Congestion avoidance – Monitor traffic loads to minimize congestion. In involves packet dropping.
Difference between integrated and differentiated service
Integrated service differentiated service
refer to an architecture that specifies the is a computer networking architecture that
Definition specifies a simple and scalable mechanism
elements to guarantee Quality of Service
for classifying and managing network
(QoS) on a network while traffic and providing QoS on modern IP
networks.
Integrated Services involve prior reservation Differential services mark the packets with
Functionality
of resources before achieving the requisite priority and send it to the network without
quality of service. On the other hand, prior reservation.
integrated services are not scalable Differentiated services are scalable.
Scalability
integrated services involve per-flow setup Differential services involve long term
Setup setup.
integrated services involve end to end service Differentiated services involve domain
Service scope scope, service scope.
