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Tutorial 3 - Non-Catalytic Gas-Solid Reactions

The document outlines a tutorial for Chemical Engineering students focusing on Reactor Technology Fundamentals, featuring questions on multiple steady states, batch solid treatment, fluidized reactor design, and conversion mechanisms. It includes specific scenarios requiring calculations and design considerations for various reactor types and conditions. The tutorial emphasizes understanding reaction kinetics, conversion rates, and the impact of reactor size and operating conditions on solid conversions.

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mdletshelondeka40
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18 views2 pages

Tutorial 3 - Non-Catalytic Gas-Solid Reactions

The document outlines a tutorial for Chemical Engineering students focusing on Reactor Technology Fundamentals, featuring questions on multiple steady states, batch solid treatment, fluidized reactor design, and conversion mechanisms. It includes specific scenarios requiring calculations and design considerations for various reactor types and conditions. The tutorial emphasizes understanding reaction kinetics, conversion rates, and the impact of reactor size and operating conditions on solid conversions.

Uploaded by

mdletshelondeka40
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Tutorial 3

Chemical Engineering, 08 October 2025


Reactor Technology Fundamentals (ENCH3RT)

Question 1 (Multiple Steady States)


The diagram in the figure below shows the material balance curve and energy balance line for
an exothermic reaction occurring in an adiabatic CSTR.

A. Suppose that during start-up, the feed is introduced into the vessel at the specified feed
temperature of 273 °C and the unit is allowed to reach steady state. What would be the
expected steady state conversion? [2]

B. Suggest a start-up strategy that would ensure a conversion of at least 95% at the same
feed temperature. What precautions should be taken when carrying out this proposed
start-up procedure? [3]
Question 2
A batch of solids of uniform size is treated by gas having a uniform composition at all times.
Solid is converted to give a nonflaking solid product according to the shrinking core model
(first order kinetics can be assumed). Conversion is 70% for t= 0.5 h and 88% for t = 1 h.
Conversion is complete in 2 hours. What mechanism is rate controlling?
Hint: Plot the predicted time of reaction (using experimental conversions) against the
experimental reaction time. This is a form of parity plot. For the properly assumed controlling
mechanism this plot should be a straight line. Check all three possible mechanisms.

Question 3
Solids of unchanging size, R = 0.3 mm, are reacted with gas in a steady flow laboratory scale
fluidized reactor with the following results:

F0 = 0.01 kg·s-1
W = 1 kg
𝑋̅𝐵 = 75%

The conversion was found to be strongly temperature-sensitive suggesting that the reaction step is
rate controlling. Design a commercial sized fluidized bed reactor (i.e. find W, the solids hold-up in
the reactor) to treat 4000 kg·h-1 of solid feed of the same size (0.3 mm) to 98% conversion.

Question 4
Particles of uniform unchanging size are 60% converted according to the shrinking core model
when flowing through a single fluidized bed reactor. If the reactor is made twice as large but
with the same gas environment, what would be the conversion of solids? You may assume that
the flowrate of solids remains the same for the second reactor and chemical reaction is
controlling.

Question 5
A solid consisting of 20 wt% of 1 mm particles, 30 wt% of 2 mm particles and 50 wt% of 4 mm
particles is to be passed through a rotating kiln (tubular reactor), where it reacts with a gas of
uniform composition to give a hard solid product. The time for complete conversion of 4 mm
particles is 4 hours. Find the residence time required in the tubular reactor for 95% conversion of
solids. It was found that the chemical reaction is rate controlling.

Question 6
In a uniform environment 4mm solid particles are 87.5% converted to product in 5 min. The
solids are unchanged in size during the reaction and the ash diffusion step is known to be
controlling. What mean conversion is attainable in a fluidized bed reactor operating with the
same environment but using a feed consisting of equal weights of 2 mm and 1 mm particles?
The mean residence time of solids in this reactor is 30 min.

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