Program: Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering T. Y. B.

Tech Semester: V
Course: Wave Theory and RF Design Course Code: DJS23EPC302
Course: Wave Theory and RF Design Laboratory Course Code: DJS23EPC302L

Pre-requisite:
1. Mathematics for Telecommunication Engineering (DJS23EPC201)
2. Electrical Networks (DJS23FCPC2EC)

Objectives:
1. To learn concept of static and time varying electromagnetic fields.
2. To solve problems related to EM fields using Vectors and Partial differential equations.
3. To learn Electromagnetic radiation and propagation in space and within transmission lines.

Outcomes: At the end of course, student will be able to:

1. Compute electric and magnetic fields for symmetrical charge and current configurations using
basic static and time varying principles of electromagnetics.
2. Explain the basic concept of S matrix and ABCD matrix in network analysis.
3. Explain the behaviour of Inductor, Capacitor and Resistor at high frequency.
4. Calculate various parameters of transmission line analytically and using Smith Chart.
5. Develop passive RF filter configurations for given specifications.

Wave Theory and RF Design (DJS23EPC302)

Unit Description Duration
1 Electrostatics 08
Coulomb’s Law, Gauss’s Law and its applications, Electric Potential,
Relationship between E and V, Electric Dipole and flux lines, Convection and
Conduction Currents, Electric Boundary Conditions, Poisson’s and Laplace’s
Equations, Uniqueness Theorem, General Procedure for solving Poisson’s or
Laplace’s Equations.
Magnetostatics
Biot-Savart’s Law, Ampere’s Circuital Law and its applications, Magnetic
Flux density, Maxwell’s equations for Static Fields, Magnetic Scalar and
Vector potentials, Magnetic boundary conditions.
2 Time varying Fields 08
Faraday’s Law, Transformer and Motional Electromotive Forces,
Displacement Current Maxwell’s equations in point form and integral form,
Boundary conditions for time varying field, magnetic vector potential, Time
harmonic fields.
 Electromagnetic Wave Propagation
Derivation of Wave equation and its solution, Wave Propagation in lossy
dielectrics, Plane waves in loss less dielectrics, free space and good
conductors, Power and Poynting Vector, Reflection of a Plane wave at normal
incidence and oblique incidence.
3 Single- and Multiport Networks 05
Basic Definitions
Interconnecting Networks, Series Connection of Networks, Parallel
Connection of Networks, Cascading Networks.
The Scattering Matrix
Reciprocal Networks and Lossless Networks, A Shift in Reference Planes,
Power Waves and Generalized Scattering Parameters, Practical
Measurements of S-Parameters.
The Transmission (ABCD) Matrix, Relation to Impedance Matrix and
Scattering Matrix.
4 Importance of Radio Frequency Design 04
RF behaviour of Passive Components
High-Frequency Resistors, High-Frequency Capacitors, High-Frequency
Inductors.
5 Transmission Lines 07
Parameters, Transmission line equations, Input impedance, reflection
coefficient, Standing wave ratio.
Smith Chart
From Reflection Coefficient to Load Impedance
Reflection coefficient in Phasor Form, Normalised Impedance Equation,
Parametric Reflection Coefficient Equation, Graphical Representation.
Impedance Transformation
Impedance Transformation for General Load, Standing Wave Ratio, Special
Transformation Conditions.
6 RF Filter Design 08
Basic Resonator and Filter configurations
Filter Types and Parameters, Low-Pass Filter, High-Pass Filter, Bandpass and
Bandstop Filters, Insertion Loss.
Filter Design by the Image Parameter Method
Image Impedances and Transfer Functions for Two-Port Networks, Constant-
k Filter sections, m-derived Filter Sections, Composite Filters.
Special Filter Realizations using Insertion Loss Method
Butterworth-Type Filters, Chebyshev-Type Filters, Denormalization of
Standard Low-Pass Design.
Filter Implementation
Unit Elements, Kuroda’s Identities, Microstrip Filter Design.
 Total 40

Wave Theory and RF Design (DJS23EPC302L)

Exp. Suggested Experiment List

1 Numericals on Electrostatics & Electric Boundary conditions
2 Numericals on Magnetostatics
3 Numericals on Time varying fields and Maxwell Equations
4 Numericals on Wave Propagation in different material
5 Numericals on network parameters and properties
6 Characterization of R/L/C at high frequency
7 Transmission line impedance calculations Analytical and Smith chart
8 Transmission line reflection coefficient calculations Analytical and Smith chart
9 Filter Design by the Image Parameter Method
10 Filter Design by the Insertion Loss Method

Minimum eight experiments from the above suggested list or any other experiment based on syllabus to be
included, which would help the learner to apply the concept learnt.

Books Recommended:
Textbooks:
1. William H. Hayt and John A Buck, “Engineering Electromagnetics”, Tata McGraw-Hill
Publishing Company Limited, 9th Edition, 2020.
2. Ludwig, Reinhold & Bretchko, Pavel, “RF circuit design: Theory and applications”,
Prentice-Hall, 2nd Edition, Upper Saddle River, N.J, 2011.

Reference Books:
1. Matthew N. O. Sadiku, S. V. Kulkarni, “Principles of electromagnetics”, Oxford University
Press, 6th Edition, 2015.
2. Pozar, David M, “Microwave Engineering”, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Publication, 2012.

Prepared by Checked by Head of the Department Principal

 Program: Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering T. Y. B. Tech Semester: V
Course: Analog and Digital Communication Course Code: DJS23EPC303
Course: Analog and Digital Communication Laboratory Course Code: DJS23EPC303L

Pre-requisite:
1. Signal & Systems (DJS23EPC251)

Objectives:
1. To Learn various Analog and Digital Communication Systems.
2. To equip students with the knowledge and skills to design, analyse, and implement efficient source
and error coding techniques for data compression, error detection, and correction, enabling reliable
and optimized communication across various digital systems.

Outcomes: At the end of course, student will be able to:

1. Analyze Analog Communication techniques and reception.
2. Describe pulse communication and pulse code modulation systems.
3. Demonstrate and compare various digital modulation techniques.
4. Design and implement source and error control coding schemes.

Analog and Digital Communication (DJS23EPC303)

Unit Description Duration
1 Analog Communication systems and reception 08
Introduction to communication system, Amplitude modulation, Frequency
modulation, mathematical analysis of FM signal, Modulation index, BW
requirement, pre-emphasis and de-emphasis, narrow &wideband FM. Radio
receivers characteristics and TRF and super-Heterodyne receiver.
2 Sampling Theorem and Pulse-Modulation Techniques 08
Sampling theorem and aliasing error. Types of Pulse modulation- PAM,
PWM and PPM. PCM Generation and Reconstruction, Quantization Noise,
Non-Uniform Quantization and Commanding, DPCM, Adaptive DPCM, DM
and Adaptive DM, Noise in PCM and DM.
3 Digital Modulation Techniques 10
ASK- Modulator, M-ary scheme, Coherent ASK Detector, FSK- Modulator,
Non- Coherent FSK Detector, BPSK- Modulator, Coherent BPSK Detection.
Principles of QPSK, Differential PSK and QAM.
4 Baseband Transmission and Optimal Reception of Digital Signal 4
A Baseband Signal Receiver, Probability of Error, Optimum Receiver,
Coherent Reception, ISI, Eye Diagrams.
 5 Source and error control coding 08
Entropy, Source Encoding Theorem, Shannon Fano Coding, Huffman
Coding, Mutual Information, Channel Capacity, Error Control Coding, Linear
Block Codes, Cyclic Codes
Total 38

Analog and Digital Communication (DJS23EPC303L)

Exp. Suggested Experiment List

1 Study of Amplitude Modulation.
2 Study of Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier and Single Side Band Amplitude
Modulation.
3 Simulate of AM system and generate time and frequency domain output.
4 To study different types of frequency modulators and Demodulators.
5 Simulate Frequency Modulation system and generate time and frequency domain
output.
6 Implement Pre-emphasis and De-emphasis circuit required for FM and analyze the
output.
7 Study of Natural Sampling and its reconstruction.
8 Study of Flat top sampling and its reconstruction.
9 Study of Pulse Amplitude Modulation.
10 Study of Pulse Width Modulation.
11 Study of Pulse Position Modulation.
12 Study of PAM-TDM system.
13 Entropy and Mutual Information
14 Source Coding Algorithms (Huffman coding)
15 Linear block codes (Error detection and correction)
16 Cyclic codes (comparison of performance of coded and un-coded system)
17 Convolutional Encoding.
18 ASK, FSK And PSK
19 Generation and Detection of Binary Amplitude Shift Keying (BASK)
20 Generation of Binary FSK signal modulation (FSK)
Minimum eight experiments from the above suggested list or any other experiment based on syllabus to be
included, which would help the learner to apply the concept learnt.

Books Recommended:
Textbooks:
1. T. L. Singal, “Analog and Digital Communications”, Tata Mc-Graw Hill, 1st Edition 2014.
2. Kennedy, Davis, “Electronics Communication Systems”, Tata Mc-Graw Hill, 4th Edition,
2012.

Reference Books:
1. Toub Schilling and Shaha, “Principles of Communication Systems”, Tata McGraw Hill, 4th
Edition, 2016.
2. Sklar B, and Ray P. K., “Digital Communication: Fundamentals and applications”,
Pearson, Dorling Kindersley (India), Delhi, 2nd Edition, 2009.
3. P Ramakrishna Rao, “Digital Communication”, Tata Mc-Graw Hill, New Delhi, 1st Edition.

Prepared by Checked by Head of the Department Principal