Data Backup and Recovery Module 13Certified Network Defender sam 312-38 Dato Backup and Recovery Data Backup and Recovery Module 13 C\ND oe eres Certified Network Defender Module 13: Data Backup and Recovery Exam 312-38 ‘Module 43 Fage 1052 Certified Network Defender Cooyrght © by F6-Gouneil ‘Al ishtsRecered.Reoreducton i Sry ProhibtedCertified Network Defender Dato Backup and Recovery Objectives Understanding ta backup Discussing the data backup plan Determining the soproprate baceup medium ‘or cots bockup Understanding RAID backup technology and ‘sadvantages Describing various RAID Ives and their use Discussing the selection of an approrite RAID level Understanding the Storage Area Network (SAN) backup technology anc its advantages typlaiang the Network Arched Storage (WAS) backup technology and its advantages Determining the appropriate backup method Dikassng the selection of an appropriate location fora backup Understanding ful fenca, ant incremental backup types Discussing the selection ofan appropriate boetup type Articulate the recovery dri test on back date Eplaning data recovery Data loss is a major risk facing organizations today. Loss of critical data can incur a lot of damage to the organization. Any organization that encounters a severe data loss has a higher probability for facing serious issues later. important data. It is important to perform regular backups of the This module describes a detailed process for data backup and recovery. A network administrator is required to perform data backups for the organization on a regular basis. This module will help plan and perform data backups for the organization. ‘Module 13 Fage 1253, Certified Network Defender Cooyrght © by F6-Gouneil ‘Al ishtsRecered.Reoreducton i Sry ProhibtedCertified Network Defender vam 312-38 Dato Backup and Recovery to Data Backup Data isthe hear of any organization: dt oe can be very coy a2 may have Franca impact ony asoniston Schup ne proces of mating 3 duplicate copy of rea aa tac cn bo wad torso and vecovery purposes when purpose nts Sachin soe a ee ein maintain Busees fr) WwW ovens by hbingorrinton resve rom eeaees x suche raranore tourer appizabon fre, oaaty reaches ran ror or dsbeate sabotage, ete A reguatcy compliance sucha CORT SAE SOCH,PCL-SS, te, sox, FINRA FIM, EU Geral ata Preccton agin (GOP) te toga buxsss Yo man a backups oferta! data ofa specie duration Data backup is the process of copying or storing important data. The backup copy will help you restore the original data when data is lost or corrupted. Backup is a mandatory process for all ‘organizations. The process of retrieving the lost files from the backup is known as restoring or recovery of files The main aim behind data backup is to protect data and information and recover the same after data loss. Data backup is mainly used for two purposes: To reinstate a system to its normal working state after damage or to recover data and information after a data loss or data corruption. Data loss in an organization affects the financial, customer relationship and company data. Data loss in personal computers may lead to a loss of personal files, images and other important documents saved in the system. There are several reasons for data loss: = Human error: Deletion of data purposefully or accidently, misplacement of data storage devices and errors administering databases. * Grimes: Stealing or making modifications to critical data in an organization. * Natural eauses: Power failures, sudden software changes or hardware damage. = Natural disaster: Floods, earthquakes, fire etc. ‘Module 43 Fage 1054 Certified Network Defender Copyright © by £6 Council ‘Al Fights Reserved, Resroduction is Strict ProhibitedCertified Network Defender vam 312-38 Dato Backup and Recovery There are many benefits for performing a data backup: "Offers access to critical data even in the event of a disaster, ‘workplace. ing peace of mind in the = Backup of critical data prevents the organization from losing its business. Helps them. retrieve data anytime. = Data recovery helps organizations recover lost data and helps maintaining their business. Itis recommended that every organization perform a data backup on a regular schedule to run ‘their business successfully and iently. To avoid severe damage to the organization's assets, itis important to design a strategy for a successful data backup process. This data backup strategy will act as a blue print while working ‘on the data backup process for the entire organization moving forward. Certain companies also create a data backup policy that is required while implementing the backup strategy. ‘Module 43 Fage 1055 Certified Network Defender Copyright © by £6 Council ‘Al Fights Reserved, Resroduction is Strict ProhibitedCertified Network Defender sam 312-38 Dato Backup and Recovery iPr hl aA Eb 1. Identifying 3. Selecting a 5, Selectingan aj An ideal backup strategy includes steps ranging from selecting the right data to conducting a drill test data restoration. Although the backup strategy might differ among the organization, it is important to consider the features below before drafting a backup strategy: ‘The backup strategy should have 2 data recover feature from any external device. These devices may include servers, host machines, laptops, etc. If the data loss is due to a natural disaster, the backup strategy should not be restricted to only a certain number of incidents. The strategy should also cover the methods for recovering the data after a natural disaster has occurred. ‘The strategy should include the steps to recover the data at the earliest stage. ‘The lower the cost for data recovery, the more financial benefit to the organization. Auto recovery options should be included in the backup strategy as well, as they reduce the chances of human-error during the recovery process. ‘Module 43 Fage 1056 Certified Network Defender Copyright © by £6 Council ‘Al Fights Reserved, Resroduction is Strict ProhibitedCertified Network Defender vam 312-38 Dato Backup and Recovery Poss ts Cary Tit Shit prey ©@ Alwaysbackup the files the organization createsor modifies @ This includes: > Accounting flee > utabases or any business relates data 2 The operating system fas purchased wth the computer, CDs, sofware, ete > Important office documents, spreadsheets, et > Software downioaded (purchase) fromthe Internet > Contact Information (email address boot) Personal phot, musi, and vseas Every organization has an abundance of data. An organization should identify critical data or files that require backup. The criticality of the data is based on the importance it serves to the organization. It requires analyzing and deciding which information is more important to the organization functioning properly. The critical data consists of revenue, emerging trends, market plans, database, files including documents, spreadsheet, e-mails, etc. Loss of such critical data can affect the organization immensely. Determining what is included in the most critical data: = Organize 2 business impact analysis to determine the critical functions and data in an organization. They need to identify processes and functions that depend and co-exist with the critical data. Examining the documents and implementing them in order to recover critical business functions. Create business teams to evaluate the impact of what data damage would do to the business. * Provide adequate employee training covering the strategies and plans for recovery. ‘Module 43 Fage 1057 Certified Network Defender Copyright © by £6 Council ‘Al Fights Reserved, Resroduction is Strict ProhibitedCertified Network Defender sam 312-38 Dato Backup and Recovery the Backup Media| C/ND Dats backups consume a large amount of storage space asa result select the best backupmethod to meet the organization's requirements Choosing the best backup media is a common concern within most organizations. The selection of the wrong media device leads to the segregation of data to many different media devices. With a better well thought out plan, selecting the proper media will enable 2 better level of data backup. ‘Once the data is identified, it is important to choose the correct backup media to store the data. Backup media selection depends on the type and amount of data the backup will consist of. At times, data backup consumes a large amount of space and as a result attention is required while selecting the best backup media for the situation and to fulfill the needs of the organization. Choosing the best backup media is based on the following factors: "Cost: Organization should have backup storage mediums that best fits within their budget. Backup media should have more storage space than the data that will be contained on it, = Reliability: Organizations must be able to rely on the data stored on the backup media without fail. Organizations must select the media that is highly reliable and not susceptible to damage or loss. = Speed; Organizations should select backup mediums which require a reduced amount of human interaction during the backup process. Speed becomes a concern if the backup process cannot be completed while a machine is idle. ‘Module 43 Fage 1058 Certified Network Defender Cooyrght © by F6-Gouneil ‘Al ishtsRecered.Reoreducton i Sry ProhibtedCertified Network Defender vam 312-38 Dato Backup and Recovery Availability: The unavailability of the backup medium poses as an issue after a data loss or data damage. Organizations should decide on a medium that is available all the time. Usability: Organizations should select the media that is easy to use. An easy media type has great flexibility during the backup process. ‘Module 43 Fage 1059 Certified Network Defender Copyright © by £6 Council ‘Al Fights Reserved, Resroduction is Strict ProhibitedCertified Network Defender Dato Backup and Recovery vam 312-38 Precio | capacity | Advantnens | Disadvantages | ihstrations | opiate (0,0v0, -20068 Buran) divestise Nott ‘ashdives ‘swaps may be ecured Mfordale cas t0 ‘dis toe ites ato ‘oreand taneport, ‘aposty 1 Racor and venting back nsom eat high storagecepocty than lang optcal ds des forthe home or Recowing backup fast Bochup mea for rtarge lov! neyo store and vransore Examples of media used for data backup are: Optical Disks (DVD, Blu-ray) DVD recordable disks can store up to 8.55 GB and are readily available. DVD's store more data and available at affordable rates, in bulk if need be. However, DVD's are not used as much as in the past, as external hard drives are available at reasonable prices and can store more data than DVD disks. Blu-ray is compatible for use with both PC and consumer electronic environments. The data encoding feature in a Blu-ray allows more data storage. = advantages: © Less expensive and easy to store. * Disadvantages: * Slow data storage. Portable Hard drives/USB Flash Drives Portable hard drives are considered a better medium for data backup when compared to a DVD or Blu-ray. They are available in high capacities and may be used for the smaller backup requirements, Flash drives are available in different sizes and have the ability to store large backup files. ‘Module 43 Fage 1960, Certified Network Defender Cooyrght © by F6-Gouneil ‘Al ishtsRecered.Reoreducton i Sry ProhibtedCertified Network Defender vam 312-38 Dato Backup and Recovery Another hard drive option available is RAID. It contains two or more hard drives. The second Grive may be used to copy data stored in the first drive. This process allows important data to be preserved, Any change in the data will be automatically reflected in all other drives as well. = Advantages: © High storage capacities. © very high speeds. = Disadvantages: © Expensive compared to DVD/Blu-ray.. * Recommended less for small backups. Tape Drives The Tape drive is considered the best source of media for data backup. it facilitates data backup at the enterprise level. Tape drives are used for storing programs and data. = advantages: * Easy to store and transport. Requires no user intervention completely automatic. © Very expensive for home users. ¢ Home computers require additional harcware and software updates to use. ‘Module 43 Fage 1061 Certified Network Defender Copyright © by £6 Council ‘Al Fights Reserved, Resroduction is Strict ProhibitedCertified Network Defender vam 312-38 Dato Backup and Recovery (OCU H Che. Coc yO) fs Independent Disks) Technology ‘A method of combining mulple hard drives Into a single unit and writing data across several disk drives that offers faut tolerance (it one drive falls, the system can continue operations) Placing dataon RAID disks enables input/output (YO) operations to overlap in abalanced way, Improving the system performance, impliyingthe storage management and protecting from data lore [RAD represents a portion of computer storage that can divide and replicate data amongseveral drives workings secondary storage Increases faut tolerance and multiple dsksincrease the mean time between fllures (MTBF) i ar a Many organizations depend on RAID technology for handling their critical backup needs. Especially with the increases in data flow and data volume. Organizations are expanding their networks in order to improve their productivity in the market. However, this additional increase can cause network bottlenecks. The probability of losing data due to a disaster, threats, mistakes and hardware failure hamper an organization's ability to grow. RAID technology ‘overcomes these situations providing an option for data availability, high performance, efficient and accessible recovery options without a loss of data Understanding RAID technology RAID technology is 2 method of storing data in different places on several disks. Storing the data on multiple disks improves the performance of the IO operations. RAID technology, functions by implementing multiple hard disks into one logical disk. It allows storing the same data in a balanced way across an array of disks. The effective implementation of this technology helps address the complex issues for fault tolerance. The data organized in RAID levels depends ‘on the RAID storage techniques and installation methods used. Usually the implementation of RAID is done on a server. Personal computers do not necessarily need this technology, they can still setup and utilize it in a smaller environment than an enterprise For RAID to function effectively, it has six levels: RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 3, RAID 5, RAID 10, and RAID 50. Each level of RAID has the following features: = Fault-tolerance: Fault tolerance is if 2 disk fails to work, other disks will continue to function normally. ‘Module 43 Fage 1962 Certified Network Defender Copyright © by £6 Council ‘Al Fights Reserved, Resroduction is Strict ProhibitedCertified Network Defender vam 312-38 Dato Backup and Recovery = Performance: RAID achieves high performance during read and write processes across multiple disks. = Competence: This is defined by the amount of data stored. The storage capacity of the disks depends on the particular RAID level chosen. The storage capacity does not need to ‘equal the size of the individual RAID disks. All the RAID levels depend on the storage techniques below: = Striping: Data striping divides the data into multiple blocks. These blacks are further written across the RAID system. Striping improves the data storage performance. = Mirroring: Data mirroring makes image copies of the data and simultaneously stores this data across the RAID. This affects fault tolerance and data performance. : Parity uses a striping method to calculate a parity function of a data block. During drive failure, the parity recalculates the function using the checksum method. ‘Module 43 Fage 1969, Certified Network Defender Copyright © by £6 Council ‘Al Fights Reserved, Resroduction is Strict ProhibitedCertified Network Defender Dato Backup and Recovery vam 312-38 RAID Systems ———— ADVANTAGES © RAID offers hot swapping or hot plugging le. system component replacement {in case a drive fails) without affecting network functionality © RAID supports dak string resulting nan Improvement of reat/wtite performance 2s the systemcompletely utllzesthe processor speed © Increased RAID parity check that prevents ‘a system crash or data loss © Increased dataredundancy helps restore the data nan event ofa drive falure © RAID increases system uptime DISADVANTAGES: RAID isnot compatible with some hardware components and software systems eg. system imaging programs RAID data s lost if important drives fil fone after another eg: incase of RAID S ‘where a drives exclusive for party cannot recreate the fist drive fa secon crive falls too RAID cannot protect the data and offer performance boosts fora applications RAID should be maintained by commercial consultants RAID configuration i dificult, Before RAID technology was introduced, many organizations used a single drive to store data. RAID technology is found across all storage devices in an organization. RAID has advantages and disadvantages depending on the RAID level implemented. Advantages of RAID Systems 1. Performance and Reliability: RAID technology increases the performance of reading and writing the data on disks. The speed of the process is much faster than using a single drive as storage. It improves the performance by distributing the I/O. The RAID controller distributes data over several physical drives making sure not to overburden a single drive in the RAID system. RAID sustains the reliability of data even if a disk fails. The failed components can be replaced in a RAID system without shutting the system down. This feature is called Hot-Swapping. The replacement process does not affect how the other disks function or the network. 2. Parity Check: Parity check is a process where the RAID system compares the data stored in the crashed system with the data stored in the other disks. This check process is, accomplished on all the drives. The parity check is performed after first mirroring the data. Regularly performing parity checks detects the probability of a system crash, preventing a loss of data. 3. Data redundancy: Failure of a disk can occur at any time. Data redundancy is important for the organization. RAID provides enhanced data redundancy in case of a hardware failure. ‘Module 43 Fage 1064 Certified Network Defender Copyright © by £6 Council ‘Al Fights Reserved, Resroduction is Strict Prohibited