Types of Chemical Reactions
Sec 3.3
A3.3 - Types of Chemical Reactions
• There are five types of chemical
reactions:
• 1.) Formation
• 2.) Decomposition
• 3.) Combustion
• 4.)Single replacement
• 5.) Double replacement
(1.) Formation Reactions
• Also called synthesis reaction
• Simplest form, two elements combine to
form a compound
• Element + element → compound
• A + B → AB
• Ex. S8(s) + 8O2(g) → 8SO2(g)
Formation Reactions
• Can be more complex
• Compound + compound→ compound
• Ex. CO2(g) + H2O(l)→ H2CO3(aq)
• For more complex formation reactions
where one reactant is a metal and one a non-
metal, write the ionic compound that would
be formed
Practice: Formation
• For the following equations give the product
and balance
• sodium + sulfur→
• magnesium + oxygen→
• iron + chlorine→
Practice: Formation
• For the following equations give the product and balance
• sodium + sulfur 🡪
• magnesium + oxygen 🡪
• iron + chlorine 🡪
(2.) Decomposition Reactions
• Breaking down compounds into its
constituent parts
• Compound → element + element
• AB→ A + B
• Only one reactant
• Ex. 2 H2O(l)→ 2 H2(g) + O2(g)
Practice: Decomposition
• Predict the products and balance the following equations
• ___MgS(s)→
• ___KI(s)→
• ___Al2O3(s)→
• ___NiCl2(s)→
Practice: Decomposition
• Predict the products and balance the following equations
• ___MgS(s) 🡪
• ___KI(s) 🡪
• ___Al2O3(s) 🡪
• ___NiCl2(s) 🡪
(3.) Combustion Reactions
• burning in the presence of oxygen
• Exothermic? Endothermic?
• the products are the oxides of the
elements present in the reactants –
compounds with oxygen bonded to
another element
• generally, the product is most common
oxide
Combustion Reactions
• Be familiar with these most common oxides:
• carbon, then CO2(g) is formed
• hydrogen, then H2O(g) is formed
• sulfur, then SO2(g) is formed
• nitrogen, then NO2(g) is formed
• a metal, then the most common oxide of that
metal is formed
Hydrocarbon Combustion
• A type of combustion reaction
• Hydrocarbon- substances containing hydrogen and carbon
• General formula: CxHy (x= # carbons, y= # hydrogens)
• Combine with O2(g) to make two products: CO2(g) and H2O(g)
CxHx + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + H2O (g)
CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) → CO2 (g)+ 2 H2O (g)
Combustion Reactions
• Other combustion examples:
C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g)→ 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g)
2 Na2S(s) + 3 O2(g)→ 2 Na2O(s) + 2 SO2(g)
4 Fe(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2 Fe2O3(s)
4 NH3(g) + 7 O2(g) → 4 NO2(g) + 6 H2O(g)
Practice: Combustion
• Complete and balance each equation:
• ___CH4(g) + ___O2(g)→
• ___C2H6(g) + ___O2(g)→
• ___C3H8(g) + ___O2(g)→
• ___C6H6(l) + ___O2(g)→
Practice: Combustion
• Complete and balance each equation:
• ___CH4(g) + ___O2(g) 🡪
• ___C2H6(g) + ___O2(g) 🡪
• ___C3H8(g) + ___O2(g) 🡪
• ___C6H6(l) + ___O2(g) 🡪
(4.) Single Replacement Reactions
• Single element replaces another element in a
compound
• A + BC → B +AC
• Mg(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq)→ 2 Ag(s) + Mg(NO3)2(aq)
Practice: Single Replacement
• Write the formula equation, predict the products and balance
the following:
• Aluminum metal and copper(II) chloride react together
• Chlorine gas is added to a solution of aqueous nickel(III)
bromide
• Zinc metal is placed into a solution of silver nitrate
Practice: Single Replacement
• Write the formula equation, predict the products and balance the
following:
• Aluminum metal and copper(II) chloride react together
• Chlorine gas is added to a solution of aqueous nickel(III) bromide
• Zinc metal is placed into a solution of silver nitrate
(5.) Double Replacement Reactions
• Element of each of two compounds switch places
• AB + CD→ AD + CB
• Be careful!
• Make sure only combining positive ions with
negative ions (i.e. cannot put positive-positive
together)
• Positive ions appear first and negative ions
second
Predicting and Balancing
• Double Replacement Reactions:
• Aqueous lead(II) nitrate and aqueous sodium iodide are mixed and a yellow
precipitate forms. Predict the products, writing out the balanced formula
equation, including states
Predicting and Balancing
• Double Replacement Reactions:
• Aqueous lead(II) nitrate and aqueous sodium iodide are mixed and a
yellow precipitate forms. Predict the products, writing out the
balanced formula equation, including states
Practice
• Write the formula equation, predict the products,
and balance the following (include states!):
• When aqueous copper(I) nitrate and aqueous
potassium bromide are mixed, a precipitate forms
• Aluminum chloride and sodium hydroxide are mixed,
creating a precipitate
• Ni(NO3)3(aq) + Na2SO3(aq)→
Practice
• Write the formula equation, predict the products, and balance the
following (include states!):
• When aqueous copper(I) nitrate and aqueous potassium bromide are
mixed, a precipitate forms
• Aluminum chloride and sodium hydroxide are mixed, creating a
precipitate
• Ni(NO3)3(aq) + Na2SO3(aq) 🡪
Practice
• Identify Reaction Type
• Write correct products
• 1.) AgNO3(aq) + Al(s) 🡺 _____ + ______
• 2.) Ba(OH)2(aq) + HNO3(aq) 🡺 ________ + ________
• 3.) Au(s) + FeCl2(aq) 🡺 ________ + _________
• 4.) C5H12(l) + O2(g) 🡺 ________ + __________
• 5.) Na3PO4(aq) + AgNO3(aq) 🡺 ________ + ________
• 6.) Zn(s) + HCl(aq) 🡺 ________ ____+ ________
• 7.) C3H6(g) + O2(g) 🡺 ____________ + ________
• 8.) Mg(s) + Na2SO4(aq) 🡺 _______ + _______
• 9.) NH3(g) 🡺 ______ + ______
Videos
• Types of chemical reactions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aMU1RaRulSo&t=312s
•Predicting the Products of Chemical Reactions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BV2dmSwmGpQ
•Predicting single replacement
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A94EJfPaCf8
•Predicting double replacement
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=InnkzsRGcWA
• Types of Reactions: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M96tUDiZ5DQ
WB page 36
WB p36
WB p37
WB p37
WB Pg. 39
• For each of the following quesitons:
• A. identify the reaction type
WB pg 40 •
•
B. predict the products
C. predict the states of the products
• D. write the chemical formulas
• E. balance the equation
• F. identify the evidence of the chemical reaction by matching the
chemical reaction to the diagnostic test. Each diagnostic test can only
be used once.
• For each of the following quesitons:
• A. identify the reaction type
WB pg 40 •
•
B. predict the products
C. predict the states of the products
• D. write the chemical formulas
• E. balance the equation
• F. identify the evidence of the chemical reaction by matching the
chemical reaction to the diagnostic test. Each diagnostic test can only
be used once.
Reaction options:
1. magnesium chloride + silver nitrate ➔
2. zinc metal + copper(II) nitrate ➔
3. liquid kerosene, C14H30, is burned as a fuel.
4. aqueous ammonia and nitric acid react to form ammonium nitrate and a gas.
5. sodium metal reacts with water.
• For each of the following quesitons:
• A. identify the reaction type
WB pg 40 •
•
B. predict the products
C. predict the states of the products
• D. write the chemical formulas
• E. balance the equation
• F. identify the evidence of the chemical reaction by matching the
chemical reaction to the diagnostic test. Each diagnostic test can only
be used once.
Reaction options:
1. magnesium chloride + silver nitrate ➔
2. zinc metal + copper(II) nitrate ➔
3. liquid kerosene, C14H30, is burned as a fuel.
4. aqueous ammonia and nitric acid react to form ammonium nitrate and a gas.
5. sodium metal reacts with water.
Questions?
Extra Practice
Extra Practice
Extra Practice
• Aluminum chloride reacts with lead (IV) oxide
• iron (II) nitrate and sodium phosphate
Extra Practice
• ___ H3PO4(aq) + ___ KOH(aq) 🡺 ___ K3PO4(aq) + ___ H2O(l)
