Client : PDO Job No : JI-182 Page : of

Doc No : HWL-x-xxxx-xxx-1D-4, Rev.0 Prepared by : SKG Date : 18/10/2006

Subject: Combined Footing Checked by : PCP / KJR Date : 18/10/2006
validation of Excel Spread Sheet
Combined Foundation For Pipe Rack

SUPPORT-1 SUPPORT-2
FY1 Fy2
MZ1 Mz2 FX2
FX1
FZ1 MX1 Fz2 MX2 Proj= 0.3 m

PEDESTAL1 PEDESTAL2
lo= 0.9

d= 0.60

h1 h2
X LZ= 3.5 m
b1 b2

B= 1 A= 4.0 m

LX = 6.0 m
Geometrical Data
LX = 6.00 m LZ = 3.50 m
h1 = 0.60 m h2 = 0.60 m
b1 = 0.60 m b2 = 0.60 m
A= 4.00 m B= 1.00 m
Thickness, d= 0.60 m GW table = 10.00 m (From FGL)
3
Founding Depth = 1.50 m Sub.Reaction K = 24000 KN/m
lo = 0.90 m Poisson ratio of Conc. = 0.17
2
Clear cover = 0.075 m Y's Modulus of Conc. = 2.60E+07 kN/m
Projection= 0.300 m 3*ls = 6.35 m > Lx Rigid slab, OK
(Refer EQ. 5-1 of "Design of stuctures and Foundation for
Material Data Vibrating Machines" by Arya, Oniel & Pinkus)
2
Grade of Concrete Fc = 35 N/mm
Yield Strength of reinforcement Fy= 414 N/mm2
Dia of top reinf. in direction of Lx = 16 mm Spacing = 175 mm
Dia of bottom reinf. in direction of Lx = 16 mm Spacing = 175 mm
Dia of Reinforcement in direction of Lz = 16 mm Spacing = 175 mm
Load factor for RCC Strength Design = 1.4 E Load Factor is considered conservatively
Effective Depth, de = 517 mm (= 600 - 75 - 16/2)
Geotechnical Data
Soil Unit Wt 18 kN/m3 Conc. Wt 24 KN/m2
2
Allowable net bearing pressure = 250 KN/m Surcharge 0.00 KN/m2
F.O.S. against overturning = 1.50 Net S.B.C.= 200 Refer Soil Data
F.O.S. against Sliding = 1.30 Stress Inc. Factor = 1.25
Friction angle(d) = 32 deg Friction Coeff, m = 0.50
Unfactored Load case Nos = 28
Client : PDO Job No : JI-182 Page : of
Doc No : HWL-x-xxxx-xxx-1D-4, Rev.0 Prepared by : SKG Date : 18/10/2006
Subject: Combined Footing Checked by : PCP / KJR Date : 18/10/2006
validation of Excel Spread Sheet

Force Data for Stability and Bearing Capacity ( For Tension FY will be negative)
Node No 11 Node No 15
L/C 136 L/C 136
FX1 = 26.28 KN FX2 = -26.29 KN
FY1 = 197.0 KN FY2 = 251.7 KN
FZ1 = 38.77 KN FZ2 = 39.15 KN
MX1 = 0.0 KN-m MX2 = 0.0 KN-m
MZ1 = 0.0 KN-m MZ2 = 0.0 KN-m
Assumption :
3. The Sign will be reverse as the above forces are reaction from STAAD
Fy1= 197.04 Fy2= 251.73
Mz1= 0 Mx1= 0 Mz2= 0 Mx2= 0
Check For Stability against overturning:
Fz1= -38.77 Fx1= -26.28 Fz2= -39.15 Fx2= 26.29
Weight of Footing = 3.5 * 6 * 0.6 * 24 = 302.40 KN
Weight of overburden =0.9*(3.5*6-0.6*0.6-0.6*0.6)*18 = 328.54 KN
Weight of pedestal 1= ( 0.9 + 0.3) * (0.6 * 0.6) * 24 = 10.37 KN
Weight of pedestal 2= (0.9 + 0.3) * (0.6 * 0.6) * 24 = 10.37 KN P1 P2 X
Buoyant Force = Water Table Below Fdn Hence = 0 KN

STABILITY ABOUT Z
Overturning Moments (Clockwise): Z

O.T.M. Due to moments and shears only = 0.01 KN-m (=0+0-(26.28+(-26.29)) * (0.3+0.9+0.6))
(Mz1+Mz2-(Fx1+Fx2)*(proj+lo+D))
O.T.M due to eccentricity = (Fy2-Fy1)*A/2 109.38 KN-m (= ( 251.7 - 197) * 4 / 2)
Total Over Turning Moment, Mz = 109.38 KN-m ( =0.01 + (109.38))

Restoring Moments:
Total vertical load Fy = 197.037+251.725+302.4+328.536+10.368+10.368-0
= 1100.43 kN

Total Restoring Moments = 3301.30 KN-m (= 1100.43 * 6 / 2 )

Stability against overturning about Z = 3301.3 /109.38 = 30.18 O.K.

(Restoring Moments/O.T.M)
Client : PDO Job No : JI-182 Page : of
Doc No : HWL-x-xxxx-xxx-1D-4, Rev.0 Prepared by : SKG Date : 18/10/2006
Subject: Combined Footing Checked by : PCP / KJR Date : 18/10/2006
validation of Excel Spread Sheet
STABILITY ABOUT X
Overturning Moments (Clockwise):
O.T.M. Due to moments and shears only Mx, = 140.26 KN-m (=0+0+(38.77+(39.15)) * (0.3+0.9+0.6))
(Mx1+Mx2+(Fz1+Fz2)*(proj+lo+D)) =
Restoring Moments:
Total Restoring Moments = 1925.76 KN-m (= 1100.43 * 3.5 / 2 )

Stability against overturning about X , = 1925.76 /140.26 = 13.73 O.K.

(Restoring Moments/O.T.M) P= 1100.43

Check For Stability against Sliding Fx= 0

Fz= 77.92 F= 77.92
Sliding force in X direction = -0.004 KN ( 26.28 + (-26.29 ))
Sliding force in Z direction = 77.92 KN ( 38.77 + (39.15 ))
Resultant total sliding force = 77.92 kN ( (0)^2 + (77.92)^2 )^0.5
Resisting force P *m = 550.22 KN ( 1100.43 * 0.5 )
Stability against sliding in X direction = 7.06 O.K. ( 550.22 / 77.92 )

Check For maximum bearing presssure:

Total Vertical load,Fy = 1100.43 kN

Force along X, Fx = 0.00 kN
Force along Z, Fz = -77.92 kN
Moment about X at the center of slab , Mx = -140.26 kN-m
Moment about Z at the center of slab , Mz = -109.38 kN-m
p1
p4

p3 Z p2

FY 6MX 6MZ = ( 1100.43 / (6*3.5) +/- ( 6*(-140.26) / (6*3.5^2)) +/- ( 6*(-109.38) / (3.5*6^2))
p  2
 2
LX * LZ LXLZ LX LZ = ( 52.4 ) +/- ( -11.45 ) +/- ( -5.21 )

2
p1= 69.06 KN/m p3= 35.74 KN/m2
2
p2 = 46.16 KN/m p4 = 58.64 KN/m2
ex = Mz/Fy = 0.10 ( = 109.38 / 1100.43)
ez = Mx/Fy = 0.13 ( = 140.26 / 1100.43)
6*ex/Lx + 6*ez/Lz = 0.32 <1, footing in compression

If there is tension in footing, Gross pressure under footing is calculated using Teng's chart:

ex/Lx = 0.017 ez/Lz = 0.0364

From Teng's chart value of k = 1.318
Modified gross pressure = K*Fy/(Lx*Lz) = 69.06 kN/m 2
Overburden Pr. of Soil = 18 * (0.6+0.9) =
2
Net pressure intensities: = 27 KN/m
2
pmax_net = 42.06 KN/m O.K. ( = 69.06 - 27)
2 2
p1_net = 42.06 KN/m p3_net = 8.74 KN/m
2 2
p2_net = 19.16 KN/m p4_net = 31.64 KN/m
Client : PDO Job No : JI-182 Page : of
Doc No : HWL-x-xxxx-xxx-1D-4, Rev.0 Prepared by : SKG Date : 18/10/2006
Subject: Combined Footing Checked by : PCP / KJR Date : 18/10/2006
validation of Excel Spread Sheet

Design Ultimate Load Data ( For Tension FY will be negative)

Node No 11 Node No 15
L/C 136 (With Load Factor = 1.4 ) L/C 136
FX1 = 36.8 KN FX2 = -36.8 KN
FY1 = 275.9 KN FY2 = 352.4 KN
FZ1 = 54.3 KN FZ2 = 54.8 KN
MX1 = 0.0 KN-m MX2 = 0.0 KN-m
MZ1 = 0.0 KN-m MZ2 = 0.0 KN-m

Ultimate Design Loads

Column Vertical ex ez FYex FYez Fx Fz
Load FY (KN)(m) (m) (KN-m) (KN-m) (KN) (KN)
1 275.9 -2 0 551.7 0 36.8 54.3
2 352.4 2 0 -704.8 0 -36.8 54.8
S/W of Ped1 14.5 -2.00 0.00 29.0 0.00 0.0 0.0
S/W of Ped2 14.5 2.00 0.00 -29.0 0.00 0.0 0.0
Totals 657.3 -153.1 0 0.0 109.1
Ultimate design Foundation Loads
Load Type Vertical MX MZ FX FZ
FY (KN) (KN-m) (KN-m) (KN) (KN)
Pedestal Vertical 657.3 0.0 -153.1
Pedestal Horizontal -196.4 0.0 0.0 -109.1
Foundation Selfw 423.4
Backfill 460.0
Surcharge 0.0
Totals 1540.6 -196.4 -153.1 0.0 -109.1
Fy1= 275.9 Fy2= 352.4
Mz1= 0 Mx1= 0 Mz2= 0 Mx2= 0
Fx2= 36.8
Fz1= -54.3 Fx1= -36.8 Fz2= -54.8 p1
p4
X

p3 p2
Z

FY 6MX 6MZ = ( 1540.61 / (6*3.5) +/- ( 6*(-196.36) / (6*3.5^2)) +/- ( 6*(-153.14) / (3.5*6^2))
p  2
 2
LX * LZ LXLZ LX LZ = ( 73.36 ) +/- ( -16.03 ) +/- ( -7.29 )

2
p1= 96.68 KN/m2 p3= 50.04 KN/m
2
p2 = 64.63 KN/m2 p4 = 82.10 KN/m
Client : PDO Job No : JI-182 Page : of
Doc No : HWL-x-xxxx-xxx-1D-4, Rev.0 Prepared by : SKG Date : 18/10/2006
Subject: Combined Footing Checked by : PCP / KJR Date : 18/10/2006
validation of Excel Spread Sheet

ex = MZtot/PY = 0.10 m ( = 153.14 / 1540.61)

ez = MXtot/PY = 0.13 m ( = 196.36 / 1540.61)
6*ex/Lx+6*ez/Lz = 0.318 <1, footing in compression

If there is tension in footing, Gross pressure under footing is calculated using Teng's chart:

ex/Lx = 0.017 ez/Lz = 0.0364

From Teng's chart value of k = 1.318

Modified gross pressure = K*Fy/(Lx*Lz) = 96.68 kN/m 2

Net pressure intensities:

Load due to overburden soil & foundation (for whole width of fdn)= 42.84 KN/m2
Net pressure intensities under the footing is given by:
p1net = 53.84 kN/m2 p3= 7.20 kN/m2
p2_net = 21.79 kN/m2 p4 = 39.26 kN/m2

1.00 4 0.70

3
2 1

39.26 53.8
46.6
40.96 41.69 51.4
52.1
At 'd' on either side of ped
39.70 43.68 49.43 53.40

Section Dist from Dist from Net Pr.

CG of base Left edge Intensity
(m) (m) (KN/m2)
left edge -3 0 39.26
3 -2.3 0.7 40.96
C/L of col. 1 -2 1.0 41.69
C/L of base 0 3 46.55
C/L of col. 2 2 5.0 51.41
1 2.3 5.30 52.14
Right edge 3 6.00 53.84

Mid span moment = 82.38 KN-m/m

Moment near support = -12.98 KN-m/m
4 ( Note: Moment causing top tension in slab is +ve and bottom tension -ve)
Client : PDO Job No : JI-182 Page : of
Doc No : HWL-x-xxxx-xxx-1D-4, Rev.0 Prepared by : SKG Date : 18/10/2006
Subject: Combined Footing Checked by : PCP / KJR Date : 18/10/2006
validation of Excel Spread Sheet
Maximum Shear Force at Critical Section "d" Dist = 105.43 KN = 30.12 KN/m
Maximum Shear Force at Face of Pedestals = 144.35 KN = 41.24 KN/m

Design moments and shears in shorter direction

In shorter directon the foundation is designed for maximum net ultimate pressure intensity
=Maxm Gross pressure - Soil depth*Soil density = 53.8 KN/m2
( 96.68 - 42.84 )
Column Edge to face (2)-deff Shear Moment
of column force (KN/m) KN-m/m
Ped #1 1.45 0.93 50.24 56.60
Ped #2 1.45 0.93 50.24 56.60

Design of Sections as per BS8110

Summary of moments per m width

Direction Support moment Span moment Shear at Shear at

( Reinforcement at ( Top Reinforcement) Critical Face of Pedestal
Bottom ) section

Long -12.98 KN-m/m 82.38 KN-m/m 30.12 KN/m 41.24 KN/m

Short 56.60 KN-m/m - 50.24 KN/m 78.07 KN/m

Check for Punching shear:

Ped #1 Ped #2
Maxm factored ultimate load applied by a column At Face= 275.9KN 352.4KN
Maxm factored at 1.5d Perimeter from Soil Pressure = 136.4KN 222.1KN

Effective depth of Foundation slab = 0.517 m

Ped #1 Ped #2
1.5d Height = 0.6 0.6 m
Width = 0.6 0.6 m
Perimeter of pedestal = 2.4 2.4 m
Perimeter for Punching shear = 7.05 7.05 m
1.5d Area resisting punch = 3.65 3.65 m2
Area Ao = 4.63 4.63 m2
Area Ao
Max punching shear at column face = 0.28 N/mm2
< 0.8xFc^0.5 or 5N/sq.mm O.K.
Max punching shear stress at dist. 1.5d from column face = 0.06 N/mm2 O.K.
Allowable shear stress Min( vc1, vc2) = 0.40 N/mm2

Check for one way shear:

Maxm Shear stress in long dir at critical section = 0.058 N/mm2 O.K.
( at dist d from face of column)
Allowable shear stress Table 3.8 & vc1 = 0.40 N/mm2
3.4.5.8 BS8110-PART I
Maxm Shear stress in Short dir at critical section = 0.097 N/mm2 O.K.
( at dist d from face of column)
Allowable shear stress = vc2 = 0.40 N/mm2
Client : PDO Job No : JI-182 Page : of
Doc No : HWL-x-xxxx-xxx-1D-4, Rev.0 Prepared by : SKG Date : 18/10/2006
Subject: Combined Footing Checked by : PCP / KJR Date : 18/10/2006
validation of Excel Spread Sheet
Reinforcement calculation
Long Direction

Maximum moment at face of column = 12.98 KN-m/m

(For Bottom reinforcement)
K= M/fcubd2 = 0.0014 < 0.156 ( 12.98 * 10^6 / ( 35*1000*517^2 ))
z= d[0.5+Ö(0.25-k/0.9)] = 516.20 mm ( 517 * ( 0.5 + SQRT(0.25 - 0.0014 / 0.9) ) )
0.95*d = 491.15 mm ( 0.95 * 517 )
Hence z = 491.15 mm ( MIN ( 516.2 , 491.15 ) )
Ast = M/0.95fyz = 67 mm2/m ( 12.98*10^6 / (0.95 * 414 * 491.15) )
Minmum Reinforcement 0.13% = 780 mm2/m ( 0.13 * 600 * 1000 / 100 )
Area of reinforcement required = MAX ( 67 , 780 ) = 780 mm2/m
Spacing of 16 mm bar = 1000 * 201 / 780 = 258 mm
Maxm allowable spacing = MIN ( 3 * 600 , 330 ) = 330 mm
Required spacing = MIN ( 258 , 330 ) = 258 mm
Provided spacing = 175 mm
Ast Provided = 201 * 1000 / 175 = 1149 mm2/m O.K.
Mu = #NAME? KN-m/m

Maxm span moment for Top reinforcement(M) = 82.38 KN-m/m

(Top Reinforcement)
K= M/fcubd2 = 0.0090 < 0.156 ( 82.38 * 10^6 / ( 35*1000*^2 ))
z= d[0.5+Ö(0.25-k/0.9)] = 511.78 mm ( 517 * ( 0.5 + SQRT(0.25 - 0.009 / 0.9) ) )
0.95*d = 491.15 mm ( 0.95 * 517 )
Hence z = 491.15 mm ( MIN ( 511.78 , 491.15 ) )
Ast = M/0.95fyz = 426 mm2/m ( 82.38*10^6 / (0.95 * 414 * 491.15) )
Minmum Reinforcement 0.13% = 780 mm2/m ( 0.13 * 600 * 1000 / 100 )
Area of reinforcement required = MAX ( 426 , 780 ) = 780 mm2/m
Spacing of 16 mm bar = 1000 * 201 / 780 = 258 mm
Maxm allowable spacing = MIN ( 3 * 600 , 330 ) = 330 mm
Required spacing = MIN ( 258 , 330 ) = 258 mm
Provided spacing = 175 mm
Ast Provided = 201 * 1000 / 175 = 1149 mm2/m O.K.
Mu = #NAME? KN-m/m
Short Direction
Maximum moment at face of column = 56.60 KN-m/m
(For Bottom reinforcement)
K= M/fcubd2 = 0.0061 < 0.156 ( 56.6 * 10^6 / ( 35*1000*^2 ))
z= d[0.5+Ö(0.25-k/0.9)] = 513.50 mm ( 517 * ( 0.5 + SQRT(0.25 - 0.0061 / 0.9) ) )
0.95*d = 491.15 mm ( 0.95 * 517 )
Hence z = 491.15 mm ( MIN ( 513.5 , 491.15 ) )
Ast = M/0.95fyz = 293.00 mm2/m ( 56.6*10^6 / (0.95 * 414 * 491.15) )
Minmum Reinforcement 0.13% = 780.00 mm2/m ( 0.13 * 600 * 1000 / 100 )
Area of reinforcement required = MAX ( 293 , 780 ) = 780.00 mm2/m
Spacing of 16 mm bar = 1000 * 201 / 780 = 258 mm
Maxm allowable spacing = MIN ( 3 * 600 , 330 ) = 330 mm
Required spacing = MIN ( 258 , 330 ) = 258 mm
Provided spacing = 175 mm
Ast Provided = 201 * 1000 / 175 = 1149 mm2/m O.K.
Mu = #NAME? KN-m/m