Scribd
Upload
4 views11 pages

Python Cheat Sheet

This document is a Python cheat sheet covering various topics including Python basics, data structures, functions, control flow, object-oriented programming, debugging, and performance optimization. It provides examples of best practices such as using descriptive variable names, list comprehensions, decorators, and exception handling. Additionally, it includes information on unit testing and profiling code for performance improvements.

Uploaded by

saifullahawan865
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views11 pages

Python Cheat Sheet

This document is a Python cheat sheet covering various topics including Python basics, data structures, functions, control flow, object-oriented programming, debugging, and performance optimization. It provides examples of best practices such as using descriptive variable names, list comprehensions, decorators, and exception handling. Additionally, it includes information on unit testing and profiling code for performance improvements.

Uploaded by

saifullahawan865
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Python Cheat Sheet

Python Basics:
Descriptive Variable Names:
# Bad Example
x = 10
y = 20
result = x + y

# Good Example
num1 = 10
num2 = 20
sum_of_numbers = num1 + num2

Follow PEP 8 Style Guidelines:


# Use snake_case for variable names
my_variable = 42

# Use descriptive names


user_age = 25

Use Built-in Functions:


# Example: Built-in function
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(sum(numbers)) # Output: 15

List Comprehensions:
# Example: List comprehension
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
squared_numbers = [x ** 2 for x in numbers]
print(squared_numbers) # Output: [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

Data Structures:
Sets for Membership Tests and Removing Duplicates:
# Example: Sets
unique_numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
if 3 in unique_numbers:
print("3 is in the set")

# Removing duplicates
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 3, 5]
unique_numbers = set(numbers)
print(unique_numbers) # Output: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

Dictionaries for Key-Value Mappings:


# Example: Dictionary
student = {
"name": "Alice",
"age": 25,
"major": "Computer Science"
}
print(student["name"]) # Output: Alice

Functions and Lambdas:


Modular and Reusable Functions:
# Example: Function
def greet(name):
return f"Hello, {name}!"

print(greet("Alice")) # Output: Hello, Alice!

Default and Keyword Arguments:


# Example: Function with default argument
def greet(name="World"):
return f"Hello, {name}!"

print(greet()) # Output: Hello, World!


print(greet("Alice")) # Output: Hello, Alice!

Lambda Functions:
# Example: Lambda function
add = lambda x, y: x + y
print(add(3, 4)) # Output: 7

Decorators:
# Example: Decorator
def my_decorator(func):
def wrapper():
print("Something is happening before the function is called.")
func()
print("Something is happening after the function is called.")
return wrapper

@my_decorator
def say_hello():
print("Hello!")

say_hello()

Generators:
# Example: Generator
def countdown(n):
while n > 0:
yield n
n -= 1
for i in countdown(5):
print(i) # Output: 5, 4, 3, 2, 1

Control Flow:
List Comprehensions and Generator Expressions:
# Example: List comprehension
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
squared_numbers = [x ** 2 for x in numbers]
print(squared_numbers) # Output: [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

Ternary Operator:
# Example: Ternary operator
x = 10
y = 20
result = x if x > y else y
print(result) # Output: 20

Context Managers:
# Example: Context manager
with open("[Link]", "r") as file:
contents = [Link]()

Itertools Module:
# Example: itertools module
import itertools

# Cartesian product
for pair in [Link]([1, 2], ['a', 'b']):
print(pair)

Exception Handling:
# Example: Exception handling
try:
Certainly! Here's the HTML version of the content for you to copy:

```html
Python Cheat Sheet

Python Basics:

Descriptive Variable Names:

# Bad Example
x = 10
y = 20
result = x + y

# Good Example
num1 = 10
num2 = 20
sum_of_numbers = num1 + num2

Follow PEP 8 Style Guidelines:

# Use snake_case for variable names


my_variable = 42

# Use descriptive names


user_age = 25

Use Built-in Functions:

# Example: Built-in function


numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print(sum(numbers)) # Output: 15

List Comprehensions:
# Example: List comprehension
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
squared_numbers = [x ** 2 for x in numbers]
print(squared_numbers) # Output: [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

Data Structures:

Sets for Membership Tests and Removing Duplicates:

# Example: Sets
unique_numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
if 3 in unique_numbers:
print("3 is in the set")

# Removing duplicates
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 3, 5]
unique_numbers = set(numbers)
print(unique_numbers) # Output: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

Dictionaries for Key-Value Mappings:

# Example: Dictionary
student = {
"name": "Alice",
"age": 25,
"major": "Computer Science"
}
print(student["name"]) # Output: Alice

Functions and Lambdas:

Modular and Reusable Functions:


# Example: Function
def greet(name):
return f"Hello, {name}!"

print(greet("Alice")) # Output: Hello, Alice!

Default and Keyword Arguments:

# Example: Function with default argument


def greet(name="World"):
return f"Hello, {name}!"

print(greet()) # Output: Hello, World!


print(greet("Alice")) # Output: Hello, Alice!

Lambda Functions:

# Example: Lambda function


add = lambda x, y: x + y
print(add(3, 4)) # Output: 7

Decorators:

# Example: Decorator
def my_decorator(func):
def wrapper():
print("Something is happening before the function is called.")
func()
print("Something is happening after the function is called.")
return wrapper

@my_decorator
def say_hello():
print("Hello!")

say_hello()

Generators:
# Example: Generator
def countdown(n):
while n > 0:
yield n
n -= 1

for i in countdown(5):
print(i) # Output: 5, 4, 3, 2, 1

Control Flow:

List Comprehensions and Generator Expressions:

# Example: List comprehension


numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
squared_numbers = [x ** 2 for x in numbers]
print(squared_numbers) # Output: [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

Ternary Operator:

# Example: Ternary operator


x = 10
y = 20
result = x if x > y else y
print(result) # Output: 20

Context Managers:

# Example: Context manager


with open("[Link]", "r") as file:
contents = [Link]()

Itertools Module:
# Example: itertools module
import itertools

# Cartesian product
for pair in [Link]([1, 2], ['a', 'b']):
print(pair)

Exception Handling:

# Example: Exception handling


try:

result = 10 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("Cannot divide by zero")

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP):

Classes and Objects:

# Example: Class
class Dog:
def __init__(self, name):
[Link] = name

def bark(self):
return "Woof!"

my_dog = Dog("Buddy")
print(my_dog.bark()) # Output: Woof!

Inheritance and Composition:

# Example: Inheritance
class Animal:
def speak(self):
raise NotImplementedError("Subclass must implement abstract
method")

class Dog(Animal):
def speak(self):
return "Woof!"

class Cat(Animal):
def speak(self):
return "Meow!"

my_dog = Dog()
print(my_dog.speak()) # Output: Woof!

Dunder Methods:

# Example: Dunder method


class Dog:
def __init__(self, name):
[Link] = name

def __str__(self):
return f"Dog: {[Link]}"

my_dog = Dog("Buddy")
print(my_dog) # Output: Dog: Buddy

Class vs Instance Attributes:

# Example: Class vs Instance attributes


class Car:
# Class attribute
wheels = 4

def __init__(self, make, model):


# Instance attributes
[Link] = make
[Link] = model

my_car = Car("Toyota", "Camry")


print(my_car.wheels) # Output: 4

Debugging and Testing:


Print Statements:

# Example: Print statements for debugging


x = 10
y = 0
print(x / y) # Output: ZeroDivisionError

Unit Tests with Unittest:

# Example: Unit test with unittest


import unittest

def add(x, y):


return x + y

class TestAdd([Link]):
def test_add(self):
[Link](add(3, 4), 7)

if __name__ == "__main__":
[Link]()

Performance Optimization:

Profile Your Code:

# Example: Profile your code


import cProfile

def test_function():
# Your code here
pass

[Link]('test_function()')
Use Efficient Data Structures and Algorithms:

# Example: Efficient data structure


from collections import defaultdict

# Use defaultdict instead of manual checking for missing keys


my_dict = defaultdict(list)

```

You might also like