Microsoft Excel
1. What is Microsoft Excel?
A spreadsheet software by Microsoft.
Used for storing, organizing, analyzing, and calculating data.
Part of MS O ice Suite.
2. Basic Uses of Excel
Creating tables and data lists.
Performing calculations (addition, subtraction, averages).
Making charts and graphs.
Data analysis (sorting, filtering).
Budgeting and accounting.
Attendance sheets, marksheets, timetables.
3. Important Excel Terms
Workbook: The whole Excel file (e.g., "[Link]").
Worksheet: A single sheet inside the workbook.
Cell: The small box where you enter data (intersection of row and column).
Row: Horizontal line of cells (numbered 1, 2, 3...).
Column: Vertical line of cells (labeled A, B, C...).
Cell Address: Location of a cell (e.g., A1, B5).
4. Basic Keys & Shortcuts
Enter: Move to next cell down.
Tab: Move to next cell right.
Ctrl + S: Save file.
Ctrl + C: Copy.
Ctrl + V: Paste.
Ctrl + X: Cut.
Ctrl + Z: Undo.
Ctrl + Y: Redo.
Ctrl + A: Select all.
Ctrl + F: Find.
Ctrl + H: Replace.
Ctrl + N: New workbook.
Ctrl + O: Open file.
Ctrl + P: Print.
Alt + = (AutoSum): Quickly add a column/row of numbers.
F2: Edit selected cell.
5. Basic Excel Functions
=SUM(A1:A5) → Adds numbers from A1 to A5.
=AVERAGE(A1:A5) → Finds average.
=MAX(A1:A5) → Highest value.
=MIN(A1:A5) → Lowest value.
=IF(condition, value_if_true, value_if_false) → Logical test.
=COUNT(A1:A10) → Counts numeric cells.
6. Data Management Tools
Sort: Arrange data (A–Z or Z–A).
Filter: Show only specific data.
Freeze Panes: Keep row/column visible while scrolling.
Merge Cells: Combine two or more cells.
Conditional Formatting: Highlight cells based on rules.
7. Charts & Graphs
Used to visually represent data.
Types: Bar chart, Line chart, Pie chart, Column chart.
Example: Showing student marks in a bar chart.
8. Advantages of Excel
Easy to handle large amounts of data.
Saves time with formulas & functions.
Clear visual reports with charts.
Widely used in schools, o ices, and businesses.
Quick Recap
Excel = Spreadsheet software for data & calculations.
Workbook → Worksheet → Rows & Columns → Cells.
Shortcuts (Ctrl + S, Ctrl + C, Ctrl + V, F2).
Functions (SUM, AVERAGE, MAX, MIN, IF).
Tools: Sort, Filter, Conditional Formatting, Charts.