### Electrical Load and Schedule Analysis

This electrical load and schedule analysis for the 10-story socialized
housing condominium (600 units, each 27 sqm 1-bedroom) is based on
the Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) 2017, specifically Article 2.20 for
branch-circuit, feeder, and service load calculations. The analysis uses
the optional calculation method for multifamily dwellings (PEC
[Link]) for residential loads, as it is applicable for buildings with
three or more units and accounts for diversity. The standard method is
used for common areas.

Key assumptions:
- System voltage: 230V single-phase for unit branch circuits; 230/400V
three-phase for feeders and service entrance.
- Unit loads: Based on specified items (5 lights, 5 power outlets, 1
aircon provision, 1 sprinkler, 1 smoke detector). Lights assumed as LED
(20W each = 100 VA total, included in general load). Power outlets are
general-use (included in general load). Aircon provision assumed as
1HP window-type (1,500 VA nameplate). Sprinkler and smoke detector
loads are negligible per unit (included in building fire system; ~20 VA
each, absorbed in general load).
- No electric cooking or laundry per unit (typical for socialized housing;
small appliance load minimized to code minimum).
- General lighting and receptacle load: 33 VA/m² per PEC [Link]
(equivalent to ~3 VA/ft², including lights and outlets).
- Demand factors for residential: Applied per PEC Table [Link]
(optional multifamily demand factors, decreasing with number of units;
23% for 62+ units).
- Common areas: Based on estimated 540 sqm/floor (25% of gross floor
area). Loads at 100% demand unless noted (non-dwelling per PEC
2.20.3).
- Elevators: 2 units, each 7.5 kW motor (typical for 10-story residential;
100% demand for largest, 85% for additional per motor group demand
in PEC 4.30.14).
- Fire protection: Sprinkler system requires fire pump (assumed 30
HP/22 kW electric, 100% demand per PEC/NFPA 20 equivalent via RA
9514 Fire Code); smoke detectors part of fire alarm (5 kVA total
system).
- Other: Domestic water pump (10 HP/7.5 kW),
ventilation/security/misc. (50 kVA estimated). No central AC assumed.
- Total gross floor area: 2,160 sqm/floor × 10 = 21,600 sqm.
- Conservatism: Loads rounded up; no credit for energy efficiency (e.g.,
LEDs below code minimum).

#### A. Load Calculation Summary

##### 1. Per Unit Load (Optional Method per PEC [Link])
- General lighting and receptacles (including 5 lights and 5 outlets): 33
VA/m² × 27 m² = 891 VA
- Small appliance circuits (minimum 2 × 1,500 VA for
kitchen/provisions): 3,000 VA
- Air conditioning (1 outlet provision; nameplate load): 1,500 VA
- Sprinkler/smoke detector: Negligible (included in general/fire system)
- Total connected load per unit: 891 + 3,000 + 1,500 = 5,391 VA (~5.4
kVA)
- Calculated load per unit (apply demand: 100% of first 10 kVA + 40%
remainder): Since <10 kVA, 100% = 5,391 VA

##### 2. Residential Loads (All 600 Units, Optional Multifamily per

PEC [Link])
- Total connected load: 600 × 5,391 VA = 3,234,600 VA = 3,235 kVA
- Demand factor (Table [Link] for 62+ units): 23%
- Calculated residential load: 3,235 kVA × 0.23 = 744 kVA

##### 3. Common Area and Building System Loads (Standard

Method per PEC 2.20.3)
- Common lighting and receptacles (corridors, lobbies, stairs; 20 VA/m²
× 5,400 m² total): 108 kVA (100% demand per Table [Link] for non-
dwelling)
- Elevators (2 × 7.5 kW = 15 kVA total; demand: 100% largest + 85%
additional): 7.5 + (7.5 × 0.85) = 13.9 kVA
- Fire pump (sprinkler system; 22 kVA): 22 kVA (100% demand;
continuous duty)
- Domestic water pump (7.5 kVA): 7.5 kVA (100% demand;
intermittent)
- Fire alarm system (including smoke detectors and controls): 5 kVA
(100% demand)
- Other (ventilation fans, security, emergency lighting, misc. pumps):
50 kVA (100% demand; estimated)
- Total common/building system load: 108 + 13.9 + 22 + 7.5 + 5 + 50
= 206.4 kVA

##### 4. Total Building Load

- Total calculated load: Residential 744 kVA + Common 206.4 kVA =
950.4 kVA
- Power factor assumption: 0.9 (typical); adjusted apparent power
~1,056 kVA (for sizing).
- Total current (400V 3-phase): 950,400 VA / (400 V × √3) ≈ 1,372 A
- Recommended main service entrance: 1,600 A (with 80% continuous
loading per PEC [Link]; allows growth).

#### B. Load Schedule

The load schedule lists categorized loads, connected VA, demand
factor, and calculated VA. Branch circuits are sized per PEC 2.10 (e.g.,
15A/20A for lighting/receptacles, #12 AWG minimum for branches).

| Category | Description | Quantity | Connected Load (VA) | Demand

Factor (%) | Calculated Load (VA) |
|----------|-------------|----------|----------------------|-------------------|--------------------
--|
| **Residential Units** | General lighting/receptacles (33 VA/m²) | 600
units × 27 m² | 534,600 | 23 | 123,000 |
| | Small appliances (2 circuits/unit) | 600 × 3,000 | 1,800,000 | 23 |
414,000 |
| | Air conditioning (1,500 VA/unit) | 600 × 1,500 | 900,000 | 23 |
207,000 |
| **Subtotal Residential** | | | 3,234,600 | 23 | 744,000 |
| **Common Areas** | Lighting/receptacles (20 VA/m²) | 5,400 m² |
108,000 | 100 | 108,000 |
| | Elevators | 2 × 7,500 | 15,000 | ~93 (100% + 85%) | 13,900 |
| **Building Systems** | Fire pump (sprinklers) | 1 × 22,000 | 22,000 |
100 | 22,000 |
| | Domestic water pump | 1 × 7,500 | 7,500 | 100 | 7,500 |
| | Fire alarm (smoke detectors/controls) | System-wide | 5,000 | 100 |
5,000 |
| | Other (ventilation/security/misc.) | Estimated | 50,000 | 100 | 50,000
|
| **Subtotal Common/Building** | | | 207,500 | - | 206,400 |
| **Total Building** | | | 3,442,100 | - | 950,400 |

#### C. Panel Schedule Analysis (Typical Floor Example)

Each floor has 60 units + common areas. Assume sub-feeder from
main switchboard to floor panelboard (3-phase, 400V).

- Residential per floor: 60 × 5,391 VA = 323,460 VA; demand factor

23% (per Table [Link] for ~60 units) = 74.4 kVA
- Common per floor: 10.8 kVA (lighting/receptacles)
- Total floor load: 85.2 kVA; current: 85,200 / (400 × √3) ≈ 123 A
- Recommended floor panel: 150A main breaker, 3-phase panelboard
with 42 circuits (e.g., 60 unit sub-panels + common).

Typical unit sub-panel (single-phase 230V, 60A main):

- Lighting circuit (5 lights, 100 VA): 15A breaker, #12 AWG wire, 1
circuit
- General outlets (5, 900 VA max): 20A breaker, #12 AWG, 1-2 circuits
- Aircon outlet: 20A dedicated breaker, #10 AWG (for 1,500 VA)
- Spare: 20% spaces for future.

Floor panel schedule example (partial; loads in VA):

| Pole # | Description | Load (VA) | Breaker (A) | Wire Size |

|--------|-------------|-----------|--------------|-----------|
| 1-3 | Unit group 1-20 sub-feed | 24,800 | 100 | #2 AWG |
| 4-6 | Unit group 21-40 sub-feed | 24,800 | 100 | #2 AWG |
| 7-9 | Unit group 41-60 sub-feed | 24,800 | 100 | #2 AWG |
| 10 | Common lighting | 5,400 | 30 | #8 AWG |
| 11 | Common receptacles | 5,400 | 30 | #8 AWG |
| 12-42 | Spares/emergency | - | - | - |
#### D. Recommendations and Notes
- Total service size: 1,600A switchgear with metering (individual unit
meters + house meter per PEC 2.30).
- Feeder sizing: Use PEC Table [Link] for conductors (e.g., main
feeder 4×500 mm² THWN Cu at 1,600A).
- Grounding: Per PEC Article 2.50; include grounding electrode system.
- Fire protection integration: Fire pump and alarm on emergency
generator (required for high-rise per Fire Code RA 9514; not included in
load but add ~50 kVA generator capacity).
- Verification: Actual design requires site-specific details, energy audit,
and stamping by a licensed electrical engineer. Load may vary ±20%
based on actual equipment. Recommend power quality analysis for
elevators.
- Energy efficiency: Use LED lighting to reduce actual consumption
below code calculations.

This analysis ensures compliance with PEC for safe, efficient sizing. If
additional details (e.g., exact elevator specs) are provided, calculations
can be refined.

### PEC Load Calculation Example: Multi-Family Dwelling (4-Unit

Apartment)

The Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) 2017, based on the National

Electrical Code (NEC), provides methods for calculating electrical loads
in multifamily dwellings to ensure safe sizing of branch circuits,
feeders, and services. For residential buildings like apartments, PEC
Article 2.20 outlines two main approaches: the **standard method**
(detailed, itemized loads with demand factors) and the **optional
method** (simplified for dwellings, using area-based loads and overall
demand factors). The optional method is often preferred for multifamily
units as it accounts for diversity (not all loads are simultaneous).

Below, I'll explain a practical example using the standard method for a
small multifamily dwelling (a 4-door apartment building, each unit 80
sqm, total 320 sqm, 230V single-phase system). This is adapted from
typical PEC examples (e.g., similar to PEC Appendix D or examples in
electrical design resources). Assumptions include: one 5.1 kW electric
cooking unit and one 1.5 kW laundry circuit per unit; no central AC or
other major appliances. Calculations determine loads for branch
circuits (per unit), sub-feeders (per unit), and the main feeder (whole
building). Demand factors from PEC Tables (e.g., Table [Link] for
multifamily) reduce loads to reflect real-world usage.

#### Step 1: Calculate General Lighting Load (Per Unit)

General lighting includes lights and receptacles not assigned to specific
appliances.
- **Formula**: Floor area × Unit load density (from PEC Table [Link]
for dwellings: 24 VA/sqm for general lighting and receptacles).
- Example: 80 sqm × 24 VA/sqm = 1,920 VA.
- **Current**: VA / Voltage = 1,920 VA / 230 V = 8.35 A.
- **Demand Factor**: 100% (no reduction for lighting in small units).
- **Branch Circuit Sizing**:
- Wire: #14 AWG (2.0 mm²) copper (ampacity 15 A per PEC Table
[Link]).
- Conduit: 13 mm diameter.
- Protection: 15 A breaker.
- **Key PEC Reference**: Article 2.20.3 for general lighting; demand at
100% for first 10 kVA in optional method, but standard uses full load
here.

#### Step 2: Calculate Convenience Outlet (Receptacle) Load (Per

Unit)
Receptacles are for general plug-in devices (e.g., TVs, chargers).
- **Formula**: Number of receptacles × 180 VA each (PEC minimum for
non-specific receptacles).
- Example: Assume 8 duplex receptacles (16 outlets) × 180 VA = 2,880
VA (common for 80 sqm unit).
- **Current**: 2,880 VA / 230 V = 12.52 A.
- **Demand Factor**: 100% (continuous use possible).
- **Branch Circuit Sizing**:
- Wire: #12 AWG (3.5 mm²) copper (minimum for receptacles per PEC;
ampacity 20 A).
- Conduit: 13 mm diameter.
- Protection: 20 A breaker (PEC requires dedicated circuits for
receptacles).
- **Key PEC Reference**: Article 2.10 for branch circuits; receptacles
must be on 20 A circuits if serving multiple outlets.

#### Step 3: Calculate Other Specific Loads (Per Unit)

This includes laundry and small appliances (e.g., washing machine
provision).
- **Laundry Circuit**: PEC requires at least one 1,500 VA circuit per
unit.
- Load: 1,500 VA.
- Current: 1,500 VA / 230 V = 6.52 A.
- Demand Factor: 100%.
- Sizing: #12 AWG wire, 13 mm conduit, 20 A breaker.
- **Key PEC Reference**: Article [Link] for minimum provisions;
demand at 100% for these.

#### Step 4: Calculate Appliance Loads (Per Unit)

Major appliances like cooking units have specific demand factors.
- **Cooking Unit**: 5.1 kW = 5,100 VA.
- **Demand Factor**: 80% for single ranges ≤12 kW (from PEC Table
[Link]).
- Adjusted Load: 5,100 VA × 0.80 = 4,080 VA.
- Current: 4,080 VA / 230 V = 17.74 A.
- Sizing: #10 AWG (5.5 mm²) wire, 20 mm conduit, 30 A breaker.
- **Key PEC Reference**: Table [Link] for household ranges; reduces
for non-simultaneous use.

#### Step 5: Calculate Sub-Feeder Load (Per Unit)

Sub-feeders supply the entire unit from the main panel.
- **Total Connected Load per Unit**: Lighting (1,920 VA) + Receptacles
(2,880 VA) + Laundry (1,500 VA) + Cooking (5,100 VA) = 11,400 VA.
- **Demand Factor**: 80% overall for dwelling feeders (PEC Table
[Link] for standard method).
- **Adjusted Load**: 11,400 VA × 0.80 = 9,120 VA.
- **Current**: 9,120 VA / 230 V = 39.65 A.
- **Sub-Feeder Sizing**:
- Wire: #8 AWG (8.0 mm²) THW copper (ampacity 50 A).
- Conduit: 25 mm diameter.
- Protection: 60 A breaker.
- **Key PEC Reference**: Article 2.15 for feeders; apply unit-level
demand before multifamily factors.

#### Step 6: Calculate Main Feeder/Service Load (Whole Building)

The main feeder serves all units and common areas (assume no
common loads in this simple example for illustration).
- **Total Connected Load**: 11,400 VA/unit × 4 units = 45,600 VA.
- **Multifamily Demand Factor**: For 4 units, 45% (from PEC Table
[Link] optional method for 3-5 units; reduces for diversity across
units).
- **Adjusted Load**: 45,600 VA × 0.45 = 20,520 VA.
- **Current**: 20,520 VA / 230 V = 89.22 A.
- **Main Feeder Sizing**:
- Wire: 50 mm² TW or 38 mm² THW copper (ampacity 120-125 A;
sized at 125% for continuous loads per PEC [Link]).
- Conduit: 38 mm diameter.
- Protection: 125 A switch or breaker.
- **Key PEC Reference**: Table [Link] for multifamily demand (e.g.,
45% for 4 units, down to 23% for 62+ units); service sized at 125% of
continuous + 100% non-continuous.

#### Final Results and Notes

- **Total Building Service**: 20,520 VA (89 A), 125 A protection –
sufficient for the 4 units without overload.
- **Why Demand Factors?** PEC applies them to avoid oversizing (e.g.,
not all lights or appliances run at full load simultaneously). For larger
buildings (e.g., 600 units like your project), demand drops to 23% for
residential portions.
- **Optional vs. Standard Method**: This used standard for detail;
optional simplifies to: (Area × 33 VA/sqm for lighting/appliances) +
specific loads, then overall demand (e.g., 100% first 10 kVA + 40%
remainder per unit, plus multifamily factor).
- **Additions for Real Projects**: Include common areas (e.g., elevators
at 100% for largest + 85% others), fire pumps (100% demand), and
neutral reduction (75% for unbalanced loads per PEC [Link]). Always
verify with a licensed electrical engineer, as PEC requires calculations
stamped for permits.

This example scales to larger multifamily projects by applying lower

demand factors for more units. If you need a customized calculation for
your 600-unit condo, provide more details!

### PEC Load Calculation Example: 600-Unit Condominium

The Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) 2017 provides methods for

calculating electrical loads in multifamily dwellings like this 10-story,
600-unit condominium (each unit 27 sqm, total residential area 16,200
sqm, gross floor area 21,600 sqm). For large multifamily buildings, the
**optional method** (PEC [Link]) is preferred as it simplifies
calculations using area-based loads and multifamily demand factors
from Table [Link], accounting for diversity (e.g., not all units' loads
peak simultaneously). This method is suitable here due to the scale
(600 units qualify for the lowest demand factor of 23%).

I'll explain the calculation step-by-step, similar to the small 4-unit

example, but applied to this project. Assumptions: 230V single-phase
for unit branches; 230/400V three-phase for feeders/service. Unit
specifics: 5 lights (LED, 20W each = 100 VA total, included in general
load); 5 power outlets (general-use, included in general load); 1 aircon
provision (1,500 VA nameplate); 1 sprinkler and 1 smoke detector
(negligible per unit, ~20 VA each, absorbed in building fire system). No
electric cooking or laundry per unit (typical for socialized housing).
Common areas: 540 sqm/floor (5,400 sqm total). Include elevators (2 ×
7.5 kW), fire pump (22 kW), etc. Calculations determine loads for
branch circuits (per unit), sub-feeders (per floor), and main service
(whole building).
#### Step 1: Calculate General Lighting Load (Per Unit)
General lighting includes the 5 lights and other non-specific lighting.
- **Formula**: Floor area × Unit load density (from PEC Table [Link]
optional method: 33 VA/m² for lighting, small appliances, and general
receptacles combined, as it's simplified).
- Example: 27 sqm × 33 VA/sqm = 891 VA.
- **Current**: 891 VA / 230 V = 3.87 A.
- **Demand Factor**: 100% (included in overall optional demand later).
- **Branch Circuit Sizing**:
- Wire: #14 AWG (2.0 mm²) copper (ampacity 15 A per PEC Table
[Link]).
- Conduit: 13 mm diameter.
- Protection: 15 A breaker.
- **Key PEC Reference**: Table [Link] for optional dwelling unit loads;
this covers lights efficiently.

#### Step 2: Calculate Convenience Outlet (Receptacle) Load (Per

Unit)
The 5 power outlets are general-use receptacles.
- **Formula**: Included in the 33 VA/m² general load above (optional
method combines lighting and receptacles). For detail, estimate as 5
outlets × 180 VA each = 900 VA (PEC minimum for non-specific
receptacles).
- **Current**: 900 VA / 230 V = 3.91 A.
- **Demand Factor**: 100% (absorbed in general load).
- **Branch Circuit Sizing**:
- Wire: #12 AWG (3.5 mm²) copper (ampacity 20 A).
- Conduit: 13 mm diameter.
- Protection: 20 A breaker (dedicated circuits recommended for
receptacles).
- **Key PEC Reference**: Article 2.10 for branches; optional method
simplifies by bundling into area-based load.

#### Step 3: Calculate Other Specific Loads (Per Unit)

This includes the aircon provision; sprinkler/smoke are building-wide.
- **Air Conditioning Provision**: 1 outlet for 1HP unit = 1,500 VA
(nameplate).
 - Load: 1,500 VA.
- Current: 1,500 VA / 230 V = 6.52 A.
- Demand Factor: 100% (included in optional demand later).
- Sizing: #10 AWG (5.5 mm²) wire, 20 mm conduit, 20 A dedicated
breaker.
- **Sprinkler/Smoke Detector**: Negligible (~40 VA total per unit);
included in fire system (Step 6).
- **Key PEC Reference**: Table [Link] for air conditioning (100% of
nameplate in optional method).

#### Step 4: Calculate Appliance Loads (Per Unit)

No major appliances like ranges (assumed none per socialized housing
specs).
- **Formula**: N/A; small appliances are in general load (minimum 2 ×
1,500 VA circuits implied in 33 VA/m²).
- **Key PEC Reference**: Table [Link] (not applicable here); optional
method covers via area.

#### Step 5: Calculate Sub-Feeder Load (Per Floor)

Each floor has 60 units; sub-feeders supply the floor from the main
riser.
- **Total Connected Load per Unit**: General (891 VA) + Receptacles
(900 VA) + Aircon (1,500 VA) = 3,291 VA (simplified; actual optional
includes implied small appliances up to ~5,391 VA as in prior analysis).
- **Total per Floor**: 60 × 5,391 VA = 323,460 VA (using full optional
per-unit load for accuracy).
- **Demand Factor**: For 60 units (subset of multifamily), use 23%
(Table [Link] for 62+ applies building-wide, but approximate here for
sub-feeder diversity).
- **Adjusted Load**: 323,460 VA × 0.23 = 74,396 VA (~74.4 kVA).
- **Add Floor Common**: Lighting/receptacles (20 VA/m² × 540 m² =
10,800 VA, 100% demand).
- **Total Floor Load**: 74.4 kVA + 10.8 kVA = 85.2 kVA.
- **Current (400V 3-Phase)**: 85,200 VA / (400 V × √3) ≈ 123 A.
- **Sub-Feeder Sizing**:
- Wire: #2 AWG (35 mm²) THW copper (ampacity 150 A).
- Conduit: 38 mm diameter.
 - Protection: 150 A breaker.
- **Key PEC Reference**: Article 2.15 for feeders; apply partial
multifamily demand for sub-groups.

#### Step 6: Calculate Main Feeder/Service Load (Whole Building)

The main service serves all units, common areas, and systems.
- **Total Connected Residential Load**: 600 × 5,391 VA = 3,234,600 VA
= 3,235 kVA.
- **Multifamily Demand Factor**: For 62+ units, 23% (Table [Link]).
- **Adjusted Residential Load**: 3,235 kVA × 0.23 = 744 kVA.
- **Common Areas and Systems** (Standard Method, 100% Demand
Unless Noted):
- Common lighting/receptacles: 20 VA/m² × 5,400 m² = 108 kVA.
- Elevators: 2 × 7.5 kVA = 15 kVA; demand 100% largest + 85%
additional = 13.9 kVA (Article 4.30.14 for motors).
- Fire pump (sprinklers, including unit heads): 22 kVA (100%).
- Domestic water pump: 7.5 kVA (100%).
- Fire alarm (smoke detectors/controls): 5 kVA (100%).
- Other (ventilation/security): 50 kVA (100%).
- Total Common/Systems: 206.4 kVA.
- **Total Building Load**: 744 kVA + 206.4 kVA = 950.4 kVA.
- **Current (400V 3-Phase)**: 950,400 VA / (400 V × √3) ≈ 1,372 A.
- **Main Service Sizing**:
- Wire: 4 × 500 mm² THWN copper (ampacity ~1,600 A per phase).
- Conduit: 100 mm diameter (per phase).
- Protection: 1,600 A main breaker (125% for continuous loads per
[Link]).
- **Key PEC Reference**: Table [Link] for multifamily; Article 2.30 for
services (size at 125% continuous + 100% non-continuous).

#### Final Results and Notes

- **Total Building Service**: 950 kVA (1,372 A), 1,600 A protection –
sufficient for the 600 units and systems.
- **Why Demand Factors?** PEC reduces loads for diversity (e.g., 23%
for large multifamily reflects staggered usage). This prevents
oversizing while ensuring safety.
- **Optional Method Benefits**: Simplifies by using area-based loads;
for even larger scales, verify with metering data.
- **Additions for This Project**: Fire systems (sprinklers/smoke) are
building-wide at 100% demand. Recommend emergency generator for
fire pump/alarm (RA 9514 Fire Code). Neutral sized at 70% for
unbalanced (PEC [Link]).
- **Verification**: This is code-compliant but preliminary; a licensed
electrical engineer must stamp for permits, incorporating efficiency
(e.g., LEDs reduce actual draw).

This scales the small example to your condo; contact for refinements!