0 ratings 0% found this document useful (0 votes) 5 views 41 pages Math CH 1
The document provides an overview of real numbers, including rational and irrational numbers, and explains concepts such as number lines and properties of equality and inequality. It includes exercises on simplifying radicals, calculating averages, and solving practical problems involving distances, costs, and conversions. Additionally, it covers properties of exponents and basic arithmetic operations with real numbers.
AI-enhanced title and description
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content,
claim it here .
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
Go to previous items Go to next items
UNIT-1
REAL NUMBERS
|
a
Ans: Real numbers are numbers that include both rational and irrational numbers. ~ *
Rational numbers such as integers (—2,0,1), fractions (1/2, 2.5) and irrational
numbers such as V3, m(22/7), etc., are all real numbers ~
In other words, any number that we can think of. except complex numbées ts
a real number. * f
Irrational Numbers (Q)
Vii,V23, v7 etc
Non-integer Rational Numbers|
9
Whole Numbers (W)
O, 1, 2, 3, ns
Natural Numbers (N)
1,23,
‘Negative Numbers
_ 23, 12, 5 Complex number:
____ The sum of teal and imaginary nymbars is called complex number, It is
denoted by z =a + bi,
Where “a” is the real part and “b" is the imaginary part of a + hi.
For example z = 5 + 2i where real part = 5 and imaginary part = 2.
Note: The symbol "i" (ota |s called imaginary unit Le. d= (0, 1). &
Ntsvalweiss (=V-l OR @=-1 Oo
Complex Numbers ©
*
e Real numbers a numbers
Irrational numbers Rational numbers { )
Fractions tegers
a on ah pod
Vulgar (commen) D ative Zero Positive
fractions infegers integers Q. © What does the term “number line” mean?
Ans: Number ling;
The term number line is defined as @ horizontal line that displays teal {.
numbers including zero in ascending order 4
The number fine is @ visualization of every real number. Numbers to the lefty"
of Zero are negative, and numbers to the right of zero are positive. - ~
J
Q. — What is the purpose of a number line? +
Ans: Puy 7
A number line displays real numbers in ascending order It
‘solve addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division problems
———"
Negative Numbers
oo ea
Qi. Represent each number on ber line,
¢ ee)
ai) 42 Q2. Identity the property that justifies.
GQ) ixty-2)=y-2
Solution:
Multiplicative identity
a) (0.295 =1
‘Solution:
Multiplicative inverse
(iy (xt2)+ ¥ = y +2) &
Solution:
Commutative property w.t “+ Oo
(iv) (3b) + (3b) = 0
Solution: ©
Additive inverse o
(v) (x+5)-1 = x4+(5=1) & «
Solution:
‘Associative property wrt‘
(i) -3(2- y) = -6+3y oO
Solution:
Distibutive property of muttipication over
Q3. Represent the following on a number
@ x<0 e
Solution: Ni
“ts 3 = 234 5
“>
(i) -3<2<3
Solution: OS —
6 -5 RY 2 + oi234 5 i
ity as2e0 .
WEEE kk
ve 6
aa
6 5 -4 3-2-2012 3 4 5 (v) x<-2
‘Solution:
x<-3 9
6-5-6 5 -4 -3 -2 +1012 3
(i) -4
(iv) 1f3 <4,then-3 >
Solution: ty
Multipiicative prog
(vy) ifty+2w=p, = 50,then 2y + 2w= 50.
z Solution:
Transitive
t (vi) Ix Coe >y
Solution:
lon property
(vil) 2. Sand5<9,then2<9
ransitive property
: I-19 <-16, then 9 > 8.
‘Cancellation property
OOS * EXERCISE # 1.2 * ~
QL. By using the property of product and quotient rule for radicals,
write each expression as a single radical and simplify.
:
v
@ 6 V6
Solution: V6. V6
a hs
= (6)9 (6)
aieti =6F =6
ay Va. Va
Solution: V4. V8
io
= (4)5 (8)
1 1
=(2x2)8.(2¥2*2)8
i
=2ixai «a x 2Ex
ere
= 2%= V2
ay Ve - VF
solution: Vx» Vz¥
af (x!*3)%
='(x* y y
Ww a
Solution: ie
4 (sx109))
yp
a ot
(OY (5377 (10)?
oy
S°x10'=1x10= 10
or = Also; 10 can be written as
4vs00
a ae
i ot st Vex
SFix 1g! = 8" «19h 10=10
x
or Also; tank VioF
(win) V0. V7
Solution: §=— VIO - V7
nts: [™. a" = ar™**) is not applicable.
Q2. Write each expression as an equivalent radical
possible.
Q)
z
smn
Radical Expression = (216)" xj
° a Miata
=(6x6x6) = (69)
=6'= 36
iy (29)!
'
Solution; = (29):
Radical Expression = YZ9 or /Z9 Sono (55)!
Radical Expression = ig &
ne &
= ane ae *
{ivy (216) Se =
2
Solution: (216)? oO
4
Radical Expression = (216) **3 = vai?
= (216)7 oe oe
: ‘ Gish (6) Ry
=i = MN
ay
(vy) (1000): a
Solution: (1000)5 -
Radical Expressi 0
= (10% 10% woh (10°)! =10
wm () °
ws
Solution: (gh Poss
ical Expression = /39 or = V3o
a radical
Qa. h saad ccpronsion as an equivalent exponential
w
sulin (05) seeeeeeseee0595s25555252255555525595555555555255555552===5==
a (va0)" 2
Solution: (¥0)" = (10%)
i Expression:
107 = 10x 10 = 100
ci -(V6" .
Solution: -(¥6)* = - (68) = ~(6)*
Exponentis! Expression:
~6 = -(6 x6) = -36
tw) (v8) .
Solution: (V6)" = (61) = 6
‘Exponontial Expression:
6 =6x6= 36
om (V5) ,
Solution: ~—(¥8)" =-(S!) =—5)
Exponential Expression:
_si ©
(wy -(470)" >
Solution: ht =(10
Q4. Use the ‘of exponents to simplify cach of the following.
variables represent positive numbers. (Write all
SS udud
oF det
(ei
mY aigti =i¢ a
a0 1 a
= 168 = 16: = (2")s = 23 oo
=7- 7-7-7!
‘
=7i-7
25 = ee
"he
Solution:
wo (ae
a2
2 1°
eu 6: -F
Bt 272
. =) (4) tet at
seo (398, 22, 34, 2°37 Qh
#6 = 2a) qaxayl
25a 1. at s
3 ;
PP =27*3-3 3944-7
Wo
eee. aaa
=23 “3
ada det
wey &
‘Solution: aes y 3
es
ae
21
i
‘Use epementa to show that
CPR AG) ety aa oat nxt xe
Rc 7 Gy «(GY "eat xy xa
ore y eile myn at aetna?
2 (aPoAYP NE 3 (yO FYEEE 3 (gh RYPM 5c a 3c yc ge
ee ey atte 8 yr x gt
Pt Al ac gh ye ie attr at
= gegen yg yer ye ripley
=x? xy? xah is
LHS.= RES. * EXERCISE # 1.3 *
QL. On his last bank statement, Qasim had a balance of Rs. 1,75,000 in
his checking account. He wrote one cheque for Rs. 45,790 and
another for Rs, 112,921, What is his current balance? &
Salution:
7 Go
s 112,921 .
Rs. 45,790 + Rs. 112,921 = 71
@ cheques ftom the sel nce
2 = Rs 1,75 000 Rs 158,711 “ey 269
nt of cheque:
i's current baisnceis Re 16,289,
Q2. Last week Wajid drove 283.4 km on 16. sof petrol. He says
that he averaged about 1.75 km/liter. Aswer reasonable?
Explain,
Solution:
kilometers per liter. wae chvicie the t meters driven by the total ters of
petrol used
Wajd drove 283.4 em on 16.2 {)eeket! petro! To find the avereoe
peters diiy
Average fuel effici
Average fuel ef &>
2iltres
Average fuel e eo = 17.5 km / litre
Wajd'e a va Be fuel officiency was 17,5 ken / litre, not 1.75 km
lite q hero WEE @ Mimunderstanding of @ mistake in his chai
aging about 1.75km/litre is not
average is approwmately 17S knw / litre, which 16
3. Ss bua 3.2 yard of fabric for a total price of Rs, 139.2. Haw
h did the fabric cost per yard?
Total pote = Rs 139.2.
Cost pa
anawe
Re.435
Ost RS. AS par yard 4. Momina walks 3.5 km/h. She took a 12 h walk. How far did she
walk,
Solution:
Waiking speed = 3.5 kim /h
Time spent waiking = 12 hours
Oistance walked = Speed x Time = 4 5km/hx12h=42 km
‘Therefe.e Momina walked 42 kin.
Q5. The hiking club went on a Fday tip. Each day they hiked
5.5 and 7.5 miles, It is reasonable to assume that clubbis vs
the club hiked,
a ‘Less man 35 miles miles
© Equally 5S miles
Solution:
Minimum distance (if they
= 5.5 miles /
Maximum distance (if they hiked
= 7.5 miles / day « 7 days = 5:
a 7
This is not reasonable bec mnimum possible distance
{34.5 miles) is aieady more thar
ib :
‘This i8 reasonable since both’ jor (38S miles). and the maxinwun
(52.5 miles) possible ds! within this range
e
This i not reasonabie he mii distance they could have hiked
a. Which is tess than SS miles.
ad
SHnce Ie marxinum possible distance caleylated ix
is tess than 55 miles.
ABA i
Q6. For the students cuuncil purchased 42 batioons at Rs,
Barty
. What is the total amount the student council paid for
ns?
Number of balloans = 42
Cost per ballnon = Rs. 1 85
Tota! amount paid 2* LAS =e 77 70
Ther@lore, the studant caunc:l paid His 77.700 tor the balloons
Q7. A group of friends made 4-yard long rectangular banner. They paid
Rs. 3.75 per yard for the fabric and Rs 9 for the firm to go around
the banner, 10-yard perimeter, What was the width of the banner?
Solution:
Let's denote tne length of the banndit by °L” and ita. width by “W", Given:
Length (£) = 4yards
Perimeter (P) = 10 yards
Gost of fabric = Rs. 3.75 per yard
The formula for the perimeter of a rectangie isgien by: «P= 2(L+W)
Plugging the given values into the formula we get
Ss
=f
Therefore, the width of the banner is L yard, ©
Q8. A shoe factory has an asset for Rs. 2000,000 of is the
capital and rest is the debt.
Find the amount of capital and debt. (Asset =, “+ debt)
Solution:
Total agsete = Rs. 2,000,000 s
<
)
(ii)
Fraction of assets that is capital =
Firs, let's calculate the amount ny oP
Capital = Total assets x =
Capital = 2,000,000 * a
Capital = Rs. 1,200,000,
To find the amount of Ubtract ttia amount of capital from the total
| plus dent
Debt = Total pital
Debt = 7.000 es 200,000
Debt = Rs.
Therefore,
int of capital is Rs. 1,200,000, and the amount of debt
temperature in past 100 years was recorded to be
at Vostok, Antarctica on July 21, 1983. Covert this
rr into Fahrenheit and Kelvin scales.
c 442, K=*C +273)
jon:
To convert the temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit and Kelvin scales, we
will use the provided conversion formulas.
Fatirenhait (FY = : x"C+32
Kelvin (K) = € +273
