#

Series : X4YZW SET ~ 1

-
Roll No. Q.P. Code 55/4/1
- -
-
Candidates must write the Q.P. Code
on the title page of the answer-book.

^m¡{VH$ {dkmZ (g¡ÕmpÝVH$)

PHYSICS (Theory)
3 70
Time allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 70
/ NOTE #
(I) - 31
Please check that this question paper contains 31 printed pages.
(II) - - - -

Q.P. Code given on the right hand side of the question paper should be
written on the title page of the answer-book by the candidate.
(III) - 33
Please check that this question paper contains 33 questions.
(IV) , -
Please write down the Serial Number of the question in the
answer-book at the given place before attempting it.
(V) - 15 -
10.15 10.15 10.30 -
-
15 minute time has been allotted to read this question paper. The
question paper will be distributed at 10.15 a.m. From 10.15 a.m. to
10.30 a.m., the candidates will read the question paper only and will not
write any answer on the answer-book during this period.

55/4/1 Page 1 of 31 P.T.O.

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(i) - 33
(ii) - , , ,
(iii) 1 16 1
(iv) 17 21 - 2

(v) 22 28 - 3
(vi) 29 30 - 4
(vii) 31 33 - 5
(viii) - ,

(ix) -
(x)

c=3 108 m/s

h = 6.63 10 34 Js
e = 1.6 10 19 C

0=4 10 7 T m A 1

0 = 8.854 10 12 C2 N 1 m 2

=9 109 N m2 C 2

(me) = 9.1 10 31 kg

= 1.675 10 27 kg

= 1.673 10 27 kg

= 6.023 1023

= 1.38 10 23 JK 1

55/4/1 Page 2 of 31
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General Instructions :
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them :
(i) This question paper contains 33 questions. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) This question paper is divided into five sections Sections A, B, C, D and E.
(iii) In Section A Questions no. 1 to 16 are Multiple Choice type questions. Each
question carries 1 mark.
(iv) In Section B Questions no. 17 to 21 are Very Short Answer type questions.
Each question carries 2 marks.
(v) In Section C Questions no. 22 to 28 are Short Answer type questions. Each
question carries 3 marks.
(vi) In Section D Questions no. 29 and 30 are case study-based questions. Each
question carries 4 marks.
(vii) In Section E Questions no. 31 to 33 are Long Answer type questions. Each
question carries 5 marks.
(viii) There is no overall choice given in the question paper. However, an internal
choice has been provided in few questions in all the Sections except Section A.
(ix) Kindly note that there is a separate question paper for Visually Impaired
candidates.
(x) Use of calculators is not allowed.
You may use the following values of physical constants wherever necessary :
c=3 108 m/s
h = 6.63 10 34 Js
e = 1.6 10 19 C

0 =4 10 7 T m A 1

0 = 8.854 10 12 C2 N 1 m 2

=9 109 N m2 C 2

Mass of electron (me) = 9.1 10 31 kg

Mass of neutron = 1.675 10 27 kg

Mass of proton = 1.673 10 27 kg
6.023 1023 per gram mole
Boltzmann constant = 1.38 10 23 JK 1

55/4/1 Page 3 of 31 P.T.O.

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1. 8·0 × 10 12 C
(A) 4·5 × 10 7 kg
(B) 1·0 × 10 6 kg
(C) 4·55 × 10 23 kg
(D) 9·1 × 10 23 kg

2. R
j= r r

r=0 r= ?

(A) R (B) R2
(C) R3 (D) R4

3. +q

(A) XZ
(B) XY
(C) Y-
(D) YZ

55/4/1 Page 4 of 31
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SECTION A

1. A body acquires charge 8·0 × 10 12 C. The mass of the body :

(A) increases by 4·5 × 10 7 kg
(B) decreases by 1·0 × 10 6 kg
(C) decreases by 4·55 × 10 23 kg
(D) increases by 9·1 × 10 23 kg

2. A current flows through a cylindrical conductor of radius R. The current

density at a point in the conductor is j = r (along its axis), here is a
constant and r is distance from the axis of the conductor. The current
flowing through the portion of the conductor from r = 0 to r = is
proportional to :
(A) R (B) R2
(C) R3 (D) R4

3. A particle having charge +q enters a uniform magnetic field as shown

in the figure. The particle will describe :

(A) a circular path in XZ plane

(B) a semicircular path in XY plane
(C) a helical path with its axis parallel to Y-axis
(D) a semicircular path in YZ plane

55/4/1 Page 5 of 31 P.T.O.

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4.
-

(A) 30 (B) 45

(C) 60 (D) 75

5. - ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

6. ac 10 A

(A) 10 2 A (B) A

(C) A (D) A

7. - - 1000 Vm 1
-
(A) 3·0 × 10 3 T
(B) 3·33 × 10 8 T
(C) 3·0 × 1011 T
(D) 3·33 × 10 6 T

8. 2·0

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

55/4/1 Page 6 of 31
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4. A bar magnet is initially at right angles to a uniform magnetic field. The
magnet is rotated till the torque acting on it becomes one-half of its
initial value. The angle through which the bar magnet is rotated is :
(A) 30 (B) 45
(C) 60 (D) 75

5. Which one out of the following materials is not paramagnetic ?

(A) Aluminium
(B) Sodium Chloride
(C) Calcium
(D) Copper Chloride

6. An ammeter connected in series in an ac circuit reads 10 A. The

maximum value of current at any instant in the circuit is :

(A) 10 2 A (B) A

(C) A (D) A

7. The amplitude of electric field in an electromagnetic wave in free space is

1000 Vm 1. The amplitude of the magnetic field in this electromagnetic
wave is :
(A) 3·0 × 10 3 T
(B) 3·33 × 10 8 T
(C) 3·0 × 1011 T
(D) 3·33 × 10 6 T

8. The magnification produced by a spherical mirror is 2·0. The mirror

used and the nature of the image formed will be
(A) Convex and virtual
(B) Concave and real
(C) Concave and virtual
(D) Convex and real

55/4/1 Page 7 of 31 P.T.O.

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9.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D) -

10.
- ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

11. - ?

(A) Sn
(B) (Mica)

(C) Si

(D) C

12.

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

55/4/1 Page 8 of 31
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9. Choose the correct statement :
(A) Photons of light show diffraction whereas electrons do not show
diffraction.
(B) Electrons have momentum whereas photons do not have
momentum.
(C) Photons of light and electrons both exhibit dual nature.
(D) All electromagnetic radiations do not have photons.

10. A beam of red light and a beam of blue light have equal intensities.
Which of the following statements is true ?
(A) The blue beam has more number of photons than the red beam.
(B) The red beam has more number of photons than the blue beam.
(C) Wavelength of red light is lesser than wavelength of blue light.
(D) The blue light beam has lesser energy per photon than that in the
red light beam.

11. Which of the following is an electrical conductor at room temperature ?

(A) Sn
(B) Mica
(C) Si
(D) C

12. A long straight wire is held vertically and carries a steady current in
upward direction. The shape of magnetic field lines produced by the
current-carrying wire are :
(A) horizontal straight lines directed radially out from the wire.
(B) straight lines parallel to the current-carrying wire.
(C) concentric horizonal circles around the wire.
(D) coaxial helixes around the wire.

55/4/1 Page 9 of 31 P.T.O.

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13 16 (A) (R)
(A) (R) (A),
(B), (C) (D)

(A) (A) (R) (R), (A)

(B) (A) (R) , (R), (A)

(C) (A) , (R)

(D) (A) (R)

13. (A) n-

(R)

14. (A) LCR

(R) , XL = XC =

15. (A)

(R) - -

16. (A) ,

(R)

55/4/1 Page 10 of 31
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Questions number 13 to 16 are Assertion (A) and Reason (R) type questions. Two
statements are given one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason
(R). Select the correct answer from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given below.
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are false.

13. Assertion (A) : n-type semiconductor is not negatively charged.

Reason (R) : Neutral pentavalent impurity atom doped in intrinsic

semiconductor (neutral) donates its fifth unpaired
electron to the crystal lattice and becomes a positive
donor.

14. Assertion (A) : A series LCR circuit behaves as a pure resistive circuit at
resonance.

Reason (R) : At resonance, XL = XC gives = .

15. Assertion (A) : In double slit experiment if one slit is closed, diffraction
pattern due to the other slit will appear on the screen.

Reason (R) : For interference, at least two waves are required.

16. Assertion (A) : For monochromatic incident radiation, the emitted

photoelectrons from a given metal have speed ranging
from zero to a certain maximum value.

Reason (R) : Each metal has a definite work function.

55/4/1 Page 11 of 31 P.T.O.

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17. ( P, Q S

(i) K P Q S

(ii) K S Q
2

( (emf) 10 V 20
10 10 B -
2

18.
: 0·55 mm
550 nm 2

19. 1·55 15·0 cm

, 2

20. (u) -
= 4·002603 u
= 1·9926 × 10 26 kg 2

55/4/1 Page 12 of 31
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SECTION B

17. (a) In the given figure, three identical bulbs P, Q and S are connected
to a battery.

(i) Compare the brightness of bulbs P and Q with that of bulb S

when key K is closed.
(ii) Compare the brightness of the bulbs S and Q when the key
K is opened.
Justify your answer in both cases. 2
OR
(b) Two cells of emf 10 V each, two resistors of 20 and 10 and a
bulb B of 10 resistance are connected together as shown in the
figure. Find the current that flows through the bulb. 2

18. Find the angle of diffraction (in degrees) for first secondary maximum of
the pattern due to diffraction at a single slit. The width of the slit and
wavelength of light used are 0·55 mm and 550 nm, respectively. 2

19. An equiconvex lens is made of glass of refractive index 1·55. If the focal
length of the lens is 15·0 cm, calculate the radius of curvature of its
surfaces. 2

20. Calculate the mass of an -particle in atomic mass unit (u). Given,
Mass of a normal helium atom = 4·002603 u
Mass of carbon atom = 1·9926 × 10 26 kg 2

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21. 5 × 108 m 3
8 × 1012 m 3
( (i) (ii)

( 2

22. ( (i)

(ii) -
-
(Q1 Q2) 3

( (i) (emf) E r
R

(I) I

(II) V

(ii) R = R1 I1 R = R2 I2 I1,
I2, R1 R2 3

55/4/1 Page 14 of 31
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21. m 3. 8
On doping with impurity atoms, the hole concentration becomes
8 × 1012 m 3.
(a) Identify (i) the type of dopant and (ii) the extrinsic semiconductor
so formed.
(b) Calculate the electron concentration in the extrinsic
semiconductor. 2

SECTION C
22. (a) (i) Derive an expression for the resistivity of a conductor in
terms of number density of free electrons and relaxation
time.

(ii) The figure shows the plot of current through a cross-section

of wire over two different time intervals. Compare the
charges (Q1 and Q2) that pass through the cross-section
during these time intervals. 3

OR
(b) (i) A battery of emf E and internal resistance r is connected to a
variable external resistance R.
(I) Obtain the expression for current I in the circuit and
the value of maximum current the battery can supply.
(II) Obtain the terminal voltage V across the battery and
its maximum possible value.
(ii) The above battery sends a current I1 when R = R1 and a
current I2 when R = R2. Obtain the internal resistance of the
battery in terms of I1, I2, R1 and R2. 3

55/4/1 Page 15 of 31 P.T.O.

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23. ( -
( , 2·0 A
xx yy P (4m, 5m)
3

24. -
3
2 1

( ,
( ,

25. ( -
(
3
26.
n>n
? 3
(
(
55/4/1 Page 16 of 31
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23. (a) Write vector form of Biot-Savart law.
(b) Two insulated long straight wires, each carrying 2·0 A current are
kept along xx and yy axis as shown in the figure. Find
the magnitude and direction of resultant magnetic field at point
P (4m, 5m). 3

24.

situations, justifying your answers : 3

Coil 2 Coil 1

(a)
(b)
(c)
coils stationary.
25. (a) State any three characteristics of electromagnetic waves.
(b) Briefly explain how and where the displacement current exists
during the charging of a capacitor. 3
26. A double slit set-up was initially placed in a tank filled with water and
the interference pattern was obtained using a laser light. When water is
replaced by a transparent liquid of refractive index n > nwater,what will
be the effect on the following ? 3
(a) Speed, frequency and wavelength of the light of laser beam.
(b) The fringe width, shape of interference fringes and shift in the
position of central maximum.
55/4/1 Page 17 of 31 P.T.O.
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27. -
3
(
-
(

(v) (Vo)

28. ( p- n-
?

( p-n
3

29 30 -

29. -

-
-
-
P1 P2 P2 P3
P2 A P1 P3 B
B A
A B V

55/4/1 Page 18 of 31
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27. Explain the following observations using 3
(a) Photoelectric emission does not occur from a surface when the
frequency of the light incident on it is less than a certain minimum
value.
(b) It is the frequency, and not the intensity of the incident light which
affects the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons.
(c) The cut-off voltage (Vo) versus frequency (v) of the incident light

curve is a straight line with a slope .

28. (a) What are majority and minority charge carriers of p-type and
n-type semiconductors ?
(b) Explain briefly the formation of diffusion current and drift current
in a p-n junction diode. 3

SECTION D

Questions number 29 and 30 are Case Study-based questions. Read the following
paragraphs and answer the questions that follow.

29. A parallel plate capacitor consists of two conducting plates kept generally
parallel to each other at a distance. When the capacitor is charged, the
charge resides on the inner surfaces of the plates and an electric field is
set up between them. Thus, electrostatic energy is stored in the capacitor.

parallel and equidistant from each other. The space between P1 and P2
and P2 and P3 is completely filled with mica sheets of dielectric constant
2 is connected to point A and other plates P1 and P3 are
connected to point B. Point A is maintained at a positive potential with
respect to point B and the potential difference between A and B is V.

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(i) A B 1

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(ii) P1 1

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(iii) P1 P2 - 1

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(iv)
(L2) 1

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

A B
, 1

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

55/4/1 Page 20 of 31
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(i) The capacitance of the system between A and B will be : 1

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(ii) The charge on plate P1 is : 1

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(iii) The electric field in the region between P1 and P2 is : 1

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(iv) (a) The separation between the plates of same area (L2) of a
parallel plate air capacitor having capacitance equal to that
of this system, will be : 1

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

OR

(b) If the source of potential difference applied between A and B

is removed, and then A and B are connected by a conducting
wire, the net charge on the system will be : 1

(A) (B)

(C) (D) Zero

55/4/1 Page 21 of 31 P.T.O.

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30. r
v
-
,

m e

(i) (r) (K = ) v

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(ii) r K 1

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(iii) ,
500 nm eV
1

(A) 2·48, 2·48 (B) 1·24, 1·24

(C) 2·48, 2·48 (D) 1·24, 1·24

55/4/1 Page 22 of 31
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30. A hydrogen atom consists of an electron revolving in a circular orbit of

radius r with certain velocity v around a proton located at the nucleus of
the atom. The electrostatic force of attraction between the revolving
electron and the proton provides the requisite centripetal force to keep it

certain stable orbits. The angular momentum of the electron in these

orbits is some integral multiple of

Further, when an electron makes a transition from one orbit of higher

energy to that of lower energy, a photon is emitted having energy equal
to the difference between energies of the initial and final states.
Assuming the mass and charge of an electron as m and e respectively,
answer the following questions.

(i) The expression for the speed of electron v in terms of radius of the
orbit (r) and physical constant (K = ) is : 1

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(ii) The total energy of the atom in terms of r and physical constant K
is : 1

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(iii) A photon of wavelength 500 nm is emitted when an electron makes

a transition from one state to the other state in an atom. The
change in the total energy of the electron and change in its kinetic
1
(A) 2·48, 2·48 (B) 1·24, 1·24
(C) 2·48, 2·48 (D) 1·24, 1·24

55/4/1 Page 23 of 31 P.T.O.

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(iv) ( ) n
? 1
(A) n

(B)

(C)

(D)

( ) 3·4 eV

= 0·53 Å 1

(A) 0·53 Å

(B) 1·06 Å

(C) 1·59 Å

(D) 2·12 Å

31. ( (i) +q q x-y (a, 0) ( a, 0)

(0, y) -
(y >> a) -
(ii) 0·2 m A, B C
2 nC, 1 nC + 5 nC A
A1, B B1 C C1
A1, B1 C1 AB, BC CA - 5

55/4/1 Page 24 of 31
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(iv) (a)
of electron in its nth orbit is proportional to : 1
(A) n
(B)

(C)

(D)

OR
(b) An electron makes a transition from 3·4 eV state to the
ground state in hydrogen atom. Its radius of orbit changes
by : (radius of orbit of electron in ground state = 0·53 Å) 1

(A) 0·53 Å
(B) 1·06 Å

(C) 1·59 Å

(D) 2·12 Å

SECTION E

31. (a) (i) Two point charges + q and q are held at (a, 0) and ( a, 0)
in x-y plane. Obtain an expression for the net electric field
due to the charges at a point (0, y). Hence, find electric field
at a far off point (y >> a).

(ii) Three point charges of 2 nC, 1 nC, and + 5 nC are kept at

the vertices A, B and C of an equilateral triangle of side
0·2 m. Find the total amount of work done in shifting the
charges from A to A1, B to B1 and C to C1. Here A1, B1 and
C1 are the midpoints of sides AB, BC and CA, respectively. 5

OR

55/4/1 Page 25 of 31 P.T.O.

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( (i)

r
y -
(I) y > r, (II) y < r

(ii) + 2 nC -
(0, 0, 6m)

(0, 0, 2m) 5

32. ( (i)

(ii)

55/4/1 Page 26 of 31
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(b) (i)
law. Using it, derive an expression for the electric field due
to a uniformly charged thin spherical shell of radius r at a
point at a distance y from the centre of the shell such that
(I) y > r, and (II) y < r.

(ii) A point charge of + 2 nC is kept at the origin of a

three-dimensional coordinate system. Find the type and
magnitude of the charge which should be kept at (0, 0, 6m)
so that the potential due to the system becomes zero at
(0, 0, 2m). 5

32. (a) (i)

of conservation of energy principle.

(ii) A square shaped loop of side is initially lying outside a

region of uniform magnetic field as shown in the figure.

The loop is moved towards right with a constant velocity
till it goes out of the region of magnetic field.

55/4/1 Page 27 of 31 P.T.O.

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(I)
?
(II) t t
(emf) E
E t 5

( (i) - - (rms)
?
(ii) (emf) V = V0 sin 2 vt ac
X

X Y ,

(I) X Y
(II) X Y

? 5

33. ( (i) 10 cm 30 cm

,
45 cm

(ii)
3
5

55/4/1 Page 28 of 31
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(I) What will be the directions of induced current when

the loop enters the field and when it leaves the field ?
(II) Draw the plots showing the variation of magnetic flux
linked with the loop with time t and variation of
induced emf E with time t. Mark the relevant values
of E, and t on the graphs. 5
OR
(b) (i) Differentiate between peak and rms values of alternating
current. How are they related ?

(ii) A current element X is connected across an ac source of emf

V = V0 sin 2 vt. It is found that the voltage leads the current
in phase by radian. If element X was replaced by element
Y, the voltage lags behind the current in phase by radian.

(I) Identify elements X and Y by drawing phasor

diagrams.

(II) Obtain the condition of resonance when both elements

X and Y are connected in series to the source and
obtain expression for resonant frequency. What is the
impedance value in this case ? 5

33. (a) (i) An object is placed 30 cm from a thin convex lens of focal
length 10 cm. The lens forms a sharp image on a screen. If a
thin concave lens is placed in contact with the convex lens,
the sharp image on the screen is formed when the screen is
moved by 45 cm from its initial position. Calculate the focal
length of the concave lens.
(ii) Calculate the angle of minimum deviation of an equilateral
prism. The refractive index of the prism is . Calculate the
angle of incidence for this case of minimum deviation also. 5

OR

55/4/1 Page 29 of 31 P.T.O.

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( (i) 633 nm

, 5·0 m

5 mm
(I)
(II) ?

(ii) 650 nm 0·6 mm

60 cm

55/4/1 Page 30 of 31
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(b) (i) A physics teacher wants to demonstrate interference with

the help of double slit experiment using a laser beam of
633 nm wavelength. Since the hall is large enough,
interference pattern is formed on the wall 5·0 m from the
slits. For clear and comfortable view by all the students they
want the fringe width 5 mm.
(I) Find the slit separation for obtaining the desired
interference pattern.
(II) How far will the first minimum be from the central
maximum ?

(ii) A parallel beam of light of wavelength 650 nm passes

through a slit of width 0·6 mm. The diffraction pattern is
obtained on a screen kept 60 cm away from the slit. Find the
distance between first order minima on both sides of the
central maximum. 5

55/4/1 Page 31 of 31 P.T.O.

 Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination, 2025
SUBJECT NAME PHYSICS (PAPER CODE 55/4/1)
General Instructions: -

1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems
which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching profession.
To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must read and
understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the
examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to
public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and affect
the life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document to
anyone, publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc may
invite action under various rules of the Board and IPC.”
3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not
be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or are
innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and due marks be
awarded to them. In class-X, while evaluating two competency-based questions,
please try to understand given answer and even if reply is not from marking scheme
but correct competency is enumerated by the candidate, due marks should be
awarded.
4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers
These are in the nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The
students can have their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks
should be awarded accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be
zero after delibration and discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation
shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the marking of
individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X” be
marked. Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which
evaluators are committing.
7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-
hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more
marks should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only
once.
11 A full scale of marks ____70______(example 0 to 80/70/60/50/40/30 marks as given in
Question Paper) has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer

Page 1 of 20
 deserves it.
12 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books
per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).This is in view of the
reduced syllabus and number of questions in question paper.
13 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the
Examiner in the past:-
● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark
is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for
incorrect answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks awarded.
14 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should
be marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.
15 Any un assessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.
16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the “Guidelines
for spot Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
17 Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over to
the title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.
18 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on
payment of the prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head Examiners/Head
Examiners are once again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried out
strictly as per value points for each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

Page 2 of 20
 MARKING SCHEME: PHYSICS(042)
Code: 55/4/1
[Link]. VALUE POINTS/EXPECTED ANSWERS Marks Total
Marks
SECTION A
1. (C) decreases by 4.55 1023 kg 1 1
2. (C) R 3 1 1
3. (B) a semicircular path in XY plane 1 1
4. (C) 600 1 1
5. (B) Sodium Chloride 1 1
6. (A) 10 2A 1 1
7. (D) 3.33 10 6 T 1 1
8. (B) Concave and real 1 1
9. (C) Photons of light and electrons both exhibit dual nature 1 1
10. (B) The red beam has more numbers of photons than the blue beam 1 1
11. (A) Sn 1 1
12. (C) Concentric horizontal circles around the wire 1 1
13. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct 1 1
explanation of the Assertion (A)
14. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct 1 1
explanation of the Assertion (A)
15. (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false. 1 1
16. (B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the 1 1
correct explanation of the Assertion (A)
SECTION-B
17. (a)

(i) Comparison of brightness of bulbs P and Q with bulb S ½

Justification ½
(ii) Comparison of brightness of bulb S with Q ½
Justification ½

(i) Brightness of the bulb ‘S’ will be more than bulbs ‘P’ and ‘Q’ ½
The current flowing through the bulb ‘S’ is twice of the current in ½
bulbs ‘P’ and ‘Q’.
(ii) Brightness of the bulb ‘S’ and ‘Q’will be same ½
The current flowing through both bulbs is same. ½
Alternatively-
(i) Brightness of the bulb ‘S’ will be more than bulbs ‘P’ and ‘Q’
The potential difference across ‘S’ is twice than the potential

Page 3 of 20
 difference across bulbs ‘P’ and ‘Q’
(ii) Brightness of both bulbs ‘S’ and ‘Q’ is same.
The potential difference across ‘S’ and ‘Q’ will be same.
OR
(b)
Finding the current through the bulb ‘B’ 2

By applying Kirchhoff’s loop rule to closed loops ABCFA and FCDEF ½

2I1 -3I 2 =1----(1) ½
I1 +I 2 =1-----(2)
On solving,
Current through the bulb,
1 ½ 2
I2 = A
5
18.
Finding the angle of diffraction for first secondary maximum. 2
2
λ ½
θ=(2n+1)
2a
For first secondary maxima n=1
3λ
θ= ½
2a
3  550 109 ½
θ=
2  0.55 103
θ=1.5×10-3radian  0.086degree ½ 2
19.
Calculation of radius of curvature 2

1 1 1  ½
=(n 21 -1)  - 
f  R1 R 2 

Page 4 of 20
 R1 =R and R 2 = -R ½
½
1 2
=(1.55-1)  
15 R  ½ 2
R = 16.5 cm
20.
Calculation of mass of an -particle in u 2

1 1.9926×10-26 kg
1u = mass of carbon atom = 1.66 1027 kg
12 12
mass of an electron=9.1×10-31kg
2  9.11031 ½
mass of two electrons=
1.66 1027
½
= 0.00109638 u
mass of α-particle = mass of the normal helium atom - mass of two electrons ½
=4.0026030 - 0.00109638
½ 2
=4.00150662 u
21.
(a)
(i) Identifying the type of dopant ½
(ii) Identifying the type of extrinsic semiconductor ½
(b) Calculating the electron concentration 1

(a) (i) Trivalent ½

(ii) p – type semi conductor ½

(b) Electron concentration

n2
ne = i ½
nh
(5×108 ) 2
ne =
8×1012
n e = 3.125×10 4 m -3 ½ 2
SECTION-C
22.
(a)

(i) Deriving the expression for resistivity of a conductor 2

(ii) Comparison of charges Q1 and Q2 1

Page 5 of 20
Total charge transported along E is
e2 A
IΔt= τ nΔtE ½
m
2
I ne
 E
A m ½
1
J= E
ρ ½
m
 2 ½
ne 
Alternatively-
Current in the conductor-
I = neAvd
I eE
= ne τ
A m
ne 
2
J= E
m
1
J= E
ρ
m
ρ= 2
ne τ
(ii) From given graph

Q1 A1 (Area of rectangle) ½
=
Q 2 A 2 (Area of triangle)
Q1 2
=
Q2 3
2
½
Q1  Q2

Page 6 of 20
 OR
(b)
(i) (I)
 Obtaining the expression for current ½
Finding value of maximum current ½
(II) Obtaining terminal voltage V and its maximum possible value 1
(ii) Obtaining the internal resistance of the battery 1

 V  E  Ir
IR  E  Ir
E
I ½
Rr
For maximum value of current R=0
E ½
I max 
r
(II) V= V+ + V- -Ir ½
V  E  Ir
Vmax  E , when I=0 ½
(ii) I1R1 +I1r = I 2 R 2 +I 2 r ½
I R -I R ½ 3
r= 2 2 1 1
I1 - I 2
23.
(a) Vector form of Biot – Savart Law 1
(b) Finding ,
 Magnitude of resultant magnetic field 1½
 Direction of resultant magnetic field ½

 
⃗ μ o I(dl×r)
(a) d𝐵 = 1
4π r 3
Page 7 of 20
 μ o 2I
(b) As B=
4π a
∴ B1 = Magnetic field due to current carrying wire along X X '
 μ 2I 2  2  107 ½
B1  o  ˆ
 (8 108 T)(k)
4π a 5
B2 = Magnetic field due to current carrying wire along YY '
 μ 2I 2×2×10-7 ½
B2 = o = ˆ
=10×10-8T (-k)
4π a 4
  
Bnet = B2 + B1 ½
= 2  10 8 T (  kˆ )
 Direction of resultant magnetic field along –Z axis. ½ 3

24.
Finding direction of induced current in coil and justification
(a) coil ‘2’ is moving toward coil ‘1’ ½+½
(b) coil ‘2’ is moving away from coil ‘1’ ½+½
(c) Resistance connected with coil ‘2’ is increased keeping both the coils
stationary ½+½

(a) Induced current will be clockwise. ½

Due to the direction flow of current in coil 2, the face approaching to
coil 1 behaves like south pole. Induced polarity on coil 1 viewed from ½
the side of coil 2 will be south pole
(b) Induced current will be Anticlockwise ½
Due to direction of flow of current in coil 2, face going away from
coil 1 behaves like south pole. Induced polarity on coil 1 viewed from ½
the side of coil 2, will be north pole.
(c) Induced current will be Anticlockwise ½
Till the resistance in coil 2 is increasing, the magnetic flux associated
with coil 1 is decreasing. Hence according to Lenz’s law current will ½ 3
induce in coil 1, momentarily and after that no induced current in coil
25.
(a) Three characteristics of electro- magnetic wave 1½
(b) Explanation of displacement current,
 how 1
 Where it exists ½

(a) (Any three)
 Electromagnetic wave carries energy. ½
 Electromagnetic wave carries momentum. ½
 Electromagnetic wave moves with velocity of light in vacuum. ½
 In electromagnetic wave, electric field vector, magnetic field vector
Page 8 of 20
 and direction of propagation, all are mutually perpendicular.
 Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature.
 Electromagnetic waves do not require a physical medium to propagate
and can travel through a vacuum.
 Electromagnetic waves consist of oscillating electric and magnetic
fields.

(b)
 During charging of capacitor, time varying electric field / electric flux
between the plates of capacitor induces the displacement current. 1
 Displacement current exists between the plates of capacitor. ½ 3

26.
Effect on
(a) Speed, frequency and wavelength of light 1½
(b) Fringe width, shape of fringes and shift of position
of central maximum 1½

(a)
 Speed of light will decrease ½
 Frequency remains unaffected ½
 Wavelength decreases ½

(b)
 Fringe width decreases ½
 Shapes does not change ½
 Position of central maxima does not change. ½ 3

Page 9 of 20
27.
Explanation of
(a) Photoelectric emission 1
(b) Dependency of maximum kinetic energy on frequency only 1
(c) Explanation of slope of cut off voltage versus frequency graph 1

(a) Einstein Photo electric equation

h = h o + K max ½
K max = h (ν - ν o )
For ν  ν o , Kmax will be negative ½
Hence, Photoelectric emission is not possible.
(b) According to Einstein Photoelectric equation
K max = h (ν - ν o ) ½
Hence K max α ν ½
It shows Kmax depends upon frequency only and not depends upon intensity.

(c ) eVo =hν-hν o
h h ½
Vo = ν - ν o
e e
This equation represents the equation of straight line (y = mx + c) with the
h
slope . ½ 3
e

28.
(a) Majority and minority charge carriers in p-type and n-type
semiconductor 2
(b) Brief explanation for formation of diffusion current and drift current 1

(a) In p-type semiconductor

Majority charge carriers - holes ½
Minority charge carriers - electrons ½
In n-type semiconductors
Majority charge carriers - electrons ½
Minority charge carriers – holes ½

(b) Diffusion current – during the formation of p n junction , and due to the ½
concentration gradient across p and n – sides , holes diffuse from p side to n

Page 10 of 20
 side (p  n) and electrons diffuse from n – side to p – side (n  p). This
motion of charge carriers gives rise to diffusion current across the junction.

Drift current –Due to electric field at junction, an electron on p – side of the

junction moves to n- side and a hole on n – side of the junction moves to p- ½ 3
side. This motion of charge carriers due to electric field gives drift current.

SECTION-D
29. 2ε o KL2
(i) (C) 1
d
ε o VKL2 1
(ii) (B)
d
V 1
(iii) (A)
d
(iv) (a)
d 1 4
(C)
2K
OR
(b)
(D) Zero

30. Ke2
(i) (C) 1
mr
- Ke2 1
(ii) (B)
2r
(iii) (C) - 2.48, 2.48 1

(iv) (a)
1 1 4
(D)
n3
OR
(b)
o
(C) 1.59 A

Page 11 of 20
31. (a)

(i) Finding electric field at a far off point (y>>a) 3

(ii) Calculation of work done in shifting the charges 2

Magnitude of electric field due to the two charges +q and -q are given by

q 1 ½
E +q =
4πε o y +a 2
2

q 1
E -q = ½
4πε o y +a 2
2

Components normal to the dipole axis cancel out.

The components along the dipole axis add up.

The total electric field is opposite to the dipole moment will be given by-

 ½
E= - (E +q +E -q ) cos θ pˆ
2qa ½
=- pˆ ( pˆ is a unit vector along dipole moment)
4πε o (y 2 +a 2 )3/2

At large distance (y>>a)

 -2qa ½
E= pˆ
4πε o y 3

Page 12 of 20
(ii)

Initial electrostatic potential energy of the system

1 q A q B q CqA qC q B ½
U1 = ( + + )
4πε o AB AC BC
9 109
  (2  1)  (2  5)  (1 5) 1018
0.2
½
U1 = -5.85×10 -7 J
1 q A1 q B1 q C1 q A1 q c1 q B1
U2 = ( + + )
4πε o A1B1 A1C1 B1C1 ½
-7
U 2 = -11.7×10 J
½
W=U 2 -U1 = -5.85×10 -7 J
OR
(b )
(i)
Showing consistency of Gauss’s theorem with Coulomb’s law 1
Derivation for electric field due to uniformly charged thin
spherical shell at (I) y > r (II) y < r 2
(ii) Finding type and magnitude of charge 2

(i)
 Gauss’s theorem is based on the inverse square dependence on 1
distance contained in the coulomb’s law.
Alternatively-
According to Gauss’s theorem

Page 13 of 20
   q ½
∮[Link] =
εo
1 q
E=
4πε o r 2
According to Coulomb’s law, force on charge qo in this field
1 qq o ½
F=
4πε o r 2
Therefore, Gauss’s law is consistent with Coulomb’s law

 (I) For y > r

Electric flux through Gaussian surface E×4πy 2

The charge enclosed by the surface σ  4πr 2
Using Gauss theorem ½
σ 4 πr 2
E(4πy 2 ) =

 ½
q
E= rˆ
4πε 0 y 2
(II) For y < r

Page 14 of 20
 The charge enclosed by Gaussian surface = 0 ½
Using Gauss theorem
Electric flux = E(4πy2 ) = 0
i.e.E = 0 (y < r) ½

(ii)

Let the charge is kept at A be q

Potential at point B due to charge at the origin O and charge (q) at A

V = V1 + V2 ½

1  2×10-9 q  ½
V=  +
4πε 0  2 6+2 
1  -9 q  ½
10 +  =0
4πε 0  8
q = -8×10-9 C ½ 5
32. (a)
(i)
 Statement of Lenz’s law ½
 Explaining, how this law is a consequence of law of conservation
of energy ½
(ii)
(I) Direction of induced current when loop enters and loop leaves
½+½
(II) Plots showing variation of
magnetic flux ( ) with time (t), 1
induced emf (E) with time (t) and 1
relevant values E, ( ) and t on the graph 1

Page 15 of 20
Lenz’s law – Polarity of the induced emf is such that it tends to produce a ½
current, which opposes the change in magnetic flux that produces it.

When magnet is moved closer/ away from the loop, same/ opposite pole is
developed on the approaching face of the loop. So mechanical work is ½
required to move a magnet which gets converted into electrical energy which
is consistent with the law of conservation of energy.
(ii)
(I) ½
 Anticlockwise ½
 Clockwise

(II)

1½

1½

OR
(b)
(i)
Difference between Peak value and rms value of ac 1
Relation ½

(ii) (I) Identification of elements X and Y by phasor diagram 1

(II) Obtaining
 Resonance condition 1
 Expression for resonant frequency 1
 Impedance value ½

Page 16 of 20
 (i)
Peak value - It is the maximum value of Alternating current.
rms value – It is the equivalent dc current that would produce the same 1
average power loss as alternating current.

Alternatively-
Peak value - It is the maximum value of Alternating current.
rms value- It is the effective value of an ac representing the equivalent dc,
that would produce the same heating effect in same resistor in same time
period.

Io ½
Relation I rms =
2

(ii) (I) X- Inductor (L)

Y- Capacitor (C)

Page 17 of 20
 (II) Impedance of the circuit

Z  (X L  XC ) ½

At resonance Z  0

X L  XC ½
1
ωL = ½
ωC
1 1
ω2 = , ω= ½
LC LC

1
ν=
2π LC
Impedance at resonance ½ 5
Z=0
33. (a)
(i) Calculation of focal length of concave lens 3
(ii) Calculation of
 Angle of minimum deviation 1
 Angle of incidence 1

For real image form by Convex lens

1 1 1 ½
= -
f1 v1 u1
1 1 1
= -
10 v1 (30)
v1 =15cm ½
For Combination of lenses, let the focal length of combination of lens is f 3
1 1 1
= -
f 3 v3 u 3
1 1 1 ½
= 
f 3 (15+45) 30
f 3 = 20cm
Let the focal length of concave lens is f2 ½
1 1 1
= +
f 3 f1 f 2 ½
1 1 1
= 
f 2 20 10

Page 18 of 20
f 2 = - 20cm ½

(ii)
Angle of minimum deviation
(A+δm ) ½
Sin
μ= 2
A
Sin
2
(60 +δ m )
Sin
3= 2
Sin 30

3 ( A  m )
 Sin
2 2
( A   )
60  m

2
δ m = 60o
½

Angle of incidence
i e  A
½
2i  A   m
A  m
i
2
i  60 
½

OR
(b)
(i)
(I) Finding the slit separation 1½
(II) Calculation of distance between central maximum and first minimum 1½
(ii) Calculation of distance between first order minima on both sides of
central maxima 2

(i)
(I) Slit separation
Dλ ½
β=
d

Page 19 of 20
 Dλ
d=
β
633 109  5 ½

5 103
 633  106 m ½
=633μm
(II) Distance of first minimum from central maximum

(2n-1)λD
xn =
2d ½

n =1
633×10-9 ×5 ½
x=
2×5×10-3

x =316.5×10-6 m ½

x =316.5μm

(ii) Distance between first order minima on both the side

2Dλ ½
W=
d
2×650×10-9 1
= ×60×10-2
0.6×10-3
=1.3×10-3 m ½ 5

Page 20 of 20
 Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination, 2025
SUBJECT NAME PHYSICS (PAPER CODE 55/4/2)
General Instructions: -

1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems
which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching profession.
To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must read and
understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the
examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to
public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and affect
the life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document to
anyone, publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc may
invite action under various rules of the Board and IPC.”
3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not
be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or are
innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and due marks be
awarded to them. In class-X, while evaluating two competency-based questions,
please try to understand given answer and even if reply is not from marking scheme
but correct competency is enumerated by the candidate, due marks should be
awarded.
4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers
These are in the nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The
students can have their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks
should be awarded accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be
zero after delibration and discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation
shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the marking of
individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X” be
marked. Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which
evaluators are committing.
7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-
hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more
marks should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only
once.
11 A full scale of marks ___70_______(example 0 to 80/70/60/50/40/30 marks as given in
Question Paper) has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer

Page 1 of 22
 deserves it.
12 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books
per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).This is in view of the
reduced syllabus and number of questions in question paper.
13 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the
Examiner in the past:-
● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark
is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for
incorrect answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks awarded.
14 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should
be marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.
15 Any un assessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.
16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the “Guidelines
for spot Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
17 Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over to
the title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.
18 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on
payment of the prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head Examiners/Head
Examiners are once again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried out
strictly as per value points for each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

Page 2 of 22
 MARKING SCHEME: PHYSICS(042)
Code: 55/4/2
Q VALUE POINTS/EXPECTED ANSWERS Mark Total
NO. s Marks
SECTION - A
1. -8
(B) 1.0×10 Nm 1 1
2. (C) Electric field is established instantaneously across the filament 1 1
which pushes the electrons
3. (C) qv0 B12 +B22 1 1
4. (C) 600 1 1
5. (A) Diamagnetic 1 1
6. (C) 3mH 1 1
7. (C ) 8.85×10 -8 A 1 1
8. (C) Concentric horizontal circles around the wire 1 1
9. (A) Sn 1 1
10. (B) Concave and real 1 1
11. (C) Photons of light and electrons both exhibit dual nature 1 1
12. (B) The red beam has more numbers of photons than the blue beam 1 1
13. (B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not 1 1
the correct explanation of the Assertion (A)
14. (C) Assertion is true, but Reason (R) is false. 1 1
15. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the 1 1
correct explanation of the Assertion (A)
16. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the 1 1
correct explanation of the Assertion (A)
SECTION - B
17.
(a)
(i) Identifying the type of dopant ½
(ii) Identifying the type of extrinsic semiconductor ½
(b) Calculating the electron concentration 1

(a) (i) Trivalent ½

(ii) p – type semi conductor ½

(b) Electron concentration

n2
ne = i ½
nh
(5×108 ) 2
ne =
8×1012
n e = 3.125×10 4 m -3 ½ 2

Page 3 of 22
18.
Minimum distance of bright fringe from central maximum 2

n1  ( n  1)2 ½
n  600  ( n  1)  400
½
 n2
2 D
 x 1
d
2  600  109  1.5 ½

1.5 10 3
x 1.2 10 3 m ½ 2
19.
Finding focal length of plano convex lens 2

1 n2 1 1 
=( -1)  -  ½
f n1  R1 R 2 
For plano convex lens
R 1 = R and R 2 = 
1  n2  1 ½
=  -1
f  n1  R
 1.5  1
= -1 × ½
 1.25  10
1 1
=
f 50
 f = 50 cm ½ 2
20.
Finding the ratio of minimum to maximum wavelength
of radiations 2

1 1 1 ½
=R  2 - 2 
λ  nf ni 
1 1 1 
=R  2 - 2 
λ max 1 2 
4 ½
λ max =
3R
1 1 1
=R  2 - 
λ min 1  
1
λ min = ½
R
Page 4 of 22
 min 3
=
λ max 4 ½

Alternatively

for λ min , n1 =1 n 2  
hc ½
E 2 - E1 =
λ min
hc
0 -(-13.6) =
λ min ½
hc
λ min =
13.6
λ max n1 =1 n 2  2
hc
λ max = ½
-3.4-(-13.6)
hc
λ max =
10.2
λ min 3
= ½ 2
λ max 4
21.
(a)
(i) Comparison of brightness of bulbs P and Q with bulb S ½
Justification ½
(ii) Comparison of brightness of bulb S with Q ½
Justification ½

(i) Brightness of the bulb ‘S’ will be more than bulbs ‘P’ and ½
‘Q’
The current flowing through the bulb ‘S’ is twice of the ½
current in bulbs ‘P’ and ‘Q’.
(ii) Brightness of the bulb ‘S’ and ‘Q’will be same ½
The current flowing through both bulbs is same. ½
Alternatively-
(i) Brightness of the bulb ‘S’ will be more than bulbs ‘P’ and ½
‘Q’
The potential difference across ‘S’ is twice than the potential ½
difference across bulbs ‘P’ and ‘Q’
(ii) Brightness of both bulbs ‘S’ and ‘Q’ is same. ½
The potential difference across ‘S’ and ‘Q’ will be same. ½

Page 5 of 22
 OR
(b) Finding the current through the bulb ‘B’ 2

By applying Kirchhoff’s loop rule to closed loops ABCFA and FCDEF

2I1 -3I 2 =1----(1) ½
I1 +I 2 =1-----(2) ½
On solving,
Current through the bulb,
1 ½ 2
I2 = A
5
SECTION - C
22.
Explanation of
(a) Photoelectric emission 1
(b) Dependency of maximum kinetic energy on frequency only 1
(c) Explanation of slope of cut off voltage versus frequency graph 1

(a) Einstein Photo electric equation

h = h o + K max ½
K max = h (ν - ν o )
For ν  ν o , Kmax will be negative ½
Hence, Photoelectric emission is not possible.
(b) According to Einstein Photoelectric equation
K max = h (ν - ν o ) ½
Hence K max α ν
½
It shows Kmax depends upon frequency only and not depends upon

Page 6 of 22
 intensity.

(c ) eVo =hν-hν o
h h ½
Vo = ν - ν o
e e
This equation represents the equation of straight line (y = mx + c) with
h
the slope . ½ 3
e
23.
(a)
 Explanation of a path followed by the particle 1
 Shape of path 1
(b) Effect on magnetic field when
(i) Radius of turns of solenoid is increased ½
(ii) Length and number of turns are doubled ½

(a) Due to magnetic field particle will follow circular path and due to
electric field, particle will accelerate along the electric field.
As a result particle will follow a helical path with constant radius but 1
increasing pitch.

½
μ NI
(b) (i) B = o No change
l
N 2N ½ 3
(ii) = No Change
l 2l
24.
(a) Difference between magnetic flux through an area and magnetic
field at a point 1
(b) Explanation of induced current and direction. 2

(a) Magnetic flux is equal to total number of magnetic field lines ½

Page 7 of 22
 passing normal to given area.
Magnetic field at a point in the space around the magnet or moving ½
charge where magnetic force can be experienced.
(b) When south pole of the bar magnet moves closer to coil, the 1
magnetic flux through the coil increases. Hence according to Faraday's
law induced emf/current generate in the coil.
According to Lenz’s law near end of the coil become south pole and as 1 3
a consequence, current flows in the coil is clockwise direction.

25.
(a) Three characteristics of electro- magnetic wave 1½
(b) Explanation of displacement current,
 how 1
 Where it exists ½

(a) (Any three)
 Electromagnetic wave carries energy. ½
 Electromagnetic wave carries momentum. ½
 Electromagnetic wave moves with velocity of light in vacuum. ½
 In electromagnetic wave, electric field vector, magnetic field
vector and direction of propagation, all are mutually
perpendicular.
 Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature.
 Electromagnetic waves do not require a physical medium to
propagate and can travel through a vacuum.
 Electromagnetic waves consist of oscillating electric and
magnetic fields.

(b)
 During charging of capacitor, time varying electric field /
electric flux between the plates of capacitor induces the
1
displacement current.
 Displacement current exists between the plates of a capacitor.
½ 3
26.
(a)
 Definition of wavefront ½
 Shape of refracted wavefront ½
(b)
 Diagram for refraction of wave ½
 Verification of Snell’s law 1½

(a) Wave front- It is a continuous locus at every point on it, all the
particles of medium are vibrating in same phase. ½

Page 8 of 22
 ½

(b)

Considering triangle ABC and AEC

BC v1 ½
Sin i = = -----(1)
AC AC
½
AE v 2
Sin r = = -----(2)
AC AC
Sin i v1 n 2
= = ½ 3
Sin r v 2 n1
n1Sin i = n 2 Sin r
27.
(a) Majority and minority charge carriers in
p-type and n-type semiconductor 2
(b) Brief explanation for formation of diffusion
current and drift current 1

(a) In p-type semiconductor

Majority charge carriers - holes ½
Minority charge carriers - electrons ½

Page 9 of 22
 In n-type semiconductors
Majority charge carriers - electrons ½
Minority charge carriers – holes ½

(b) Diffusion current – during the formation of p n junction , and due to

the concentration gradient across p and n – sides , holes diffuse from p ½
side to n side (p  n) and electrons diffuse from n – side to p – side
(n  p). This motion of charge carriers gives rise to diffusion current
across the junction.

Drift current –Due to electric field at junction, an electron on p – side ½ 3

of the junction moves to n- side and a hole on n – side of the junction
moves to p-side. This motion of charge carriers due to electric field
gives drift current.
28. (a)

(i) Deriving the expression for resistivity of a conductor 2

(ii) Comparison of charges Q1 and Q2 1

Total charge transported along E is

e2 A ½
IΔt= τ nΔtE
m
2
I ne
 E ½
A m
1
J= E ½
ρ
m
 2 ½
ne 
Alternatively-
Current in the conductor-
½
I = neAv d

Page 10 of 22
 I eE ½
= ne τ
A m
ne 2
J= E
m ½
1
J= E
ρ
m ½
ρ= 2
ne τ

(ii) From given graph

Q1 A1 (Area of rectangle) ½
=
Q 2 A 2 (Area of triangle)
Q1 2
=
Q2 3
2
Q1  Q2 ½

OR
(b)
(i) (I)
 Obtaining the expression for current ½
 Finding value of maximum current ½
(II) Obtaining terminal voltage V and its maximum
possible value 1
(ii) Obtaining the internal resistance of the battery 1

 V  E  Ir
IR  E  Ir
E ½
I
Rr
For maximum value of current R=0

Page 11 of 22
 E ½
I max  ½
r
(II) V= V+ + V- -Ir
½
V  E  Ir
Vmax  E , when I=0
(ii) I1R1 +I1r = I 2 R 2 +I 2 r ½
½ 3
I R -I R
r= 2 2 1 1
I1 - I 2
SECTION - D
29. Ke 2
(i) (C) 1
mr
- Ke2 1
(ii) (B)
2r
(iii) (C) - 2.48, 2.48 1

(iv) (a)
1 1 4
(D)
n3
OR
(b)
o
(C) 1.59 A

30. 2ε o KL2
(i) (C) 1
d
ε o VKL2
(ii) (B) 1
d
V 1
(iii) (A)
d
(iv) (a)
d 1 4
(C)
2K

OR
(b)
(D) Zero

Page 12 of 22
31.
(a)
(i)
 Statement of Lenz’s law ½
 Explaining, how this law is a consequence of
law of conservation of energy ½
(ii)
(I) Direction of induced current when loop enters and loop leaves
½+½
(II) Plots showing variation of
magnetic flux ( ) with time (t), 1
induced emf (E) with time (t) and 1
relevant values E, ( ) and t on the graph 1

Lenz’s law – Polarity of the induced emf is such that it tends to produce
a current, which opposes the change in magnetic flux that produces it. ½

When magnet is moved closer/ away from the loop, same/ opposite pole
is developed on the approaching face of the loop. So mechanical work is
required to move a magnet which gets converted into electrical energy ½
which is consistent with the law of conservation of energy.
(ii)
(I)
 Anticlockwise ½
 Clockwise ½

(II)

1½

Page 13 of 22
 1½

OR

(b)
(i)
Difference between Peak value and rms value of ac 1
Relation ½

(ii) (I) Identification of elements X and Y by phasor diagram 1

(II) Obtaining
 Resonance condition 1
 Expression for resonant frequency 1
 Impedance value ½

(i)
Peak value - It is the maximum value of Alternating current.
rms value - It is the equivalent dc current that would produce the same 1
average power loss as alternating current.

Alternatively-
Peak value - It is the maximum value of Alternating current.
rms value- It is the effective value of an ac representing the equivalent
dc, that would produce the same heating effect in same resistor in same
time period.

Io
Relation Irms = ½
2

Page 14 of 22
 (ii) (I) X- Inductor (L)

Y- Capacitor (C)

(II) Impedance of the circuit

½
Z  (X L  XC )

At resonance Z  0
½
X L  XC
1 ½
ωL =
ωC
1 1
ω2 = , ω=
LC LC

Page 15 of 22
 1
ν= ½
2π LC
Impedance at resonance
Z=0
½ 5

32. (a)
(i) Calculation of focal length of concave lens 3
(ii) Calculation of
 Angle of minimum deviation 1
 Angle of incidence 1

For real image form by Convex lens

1 1 1 ½
= -
f1 v1 u1
1 1 1
= -
10 v1 (30)
v1 =15cm ½
For Combination of lenses, let the focal length of combination of lens is
f3
1 1 1
= -
f 3 v3 u 3
1 1 1 ½
= 
f 3 (15+45) 30
f 3 = 20cm
½
Let the focal length of concave lens is f2
1 1 1
= + ½
f 3 f1 f 2
1 1 1
= 
f 2 20 10
f 2 = - 20cm ½

(ii)
Angle of minimum deviation
(A+δ m )
Sin
μ= 2
A ½
Sin
2
(60 +δ m )
Sin
3= 2
Sin 30

Page 16 of 22
 3 ( A  m )
 Sin
2 2
( A   )
60  m

2
o
δ m = 60
½
Angle of incidence
i  e  A
2i  A   m ½
A  m
i
2
i  60 
½

OR
(b)
(i)
(I) Finding the slit separation 1½
(II) Calculation of distance between central
maximum and first minimum 1½
(ii) Calculation of distance between first order minima on
both sides of central maxima 2

(i)
(I) Slit separation
Dλ
β=
d ½
Dλ
d=
β
633 109  5
 ½
5 103
 633  10 6 m ½
=633μm
(II) Distance of first minimum from central maximum

(2n-1)λD
xn =
2d

Page 17 of 22
 ½
n =1
633×10-9 ×5
x=
2×5×10-3 ½

x =316.5×10-6 m ½

x =316.5μm

(ii) Distance between first order minima on both the side

2Dλ
W=
d ½
2×650×10-9
= ×60×10-2
0.6×10 -3 1
=1.3×10-3 m ½ 5

33. (a)

(i) Finding electric field at a far off point (y>>a) 3

(ii) Calculation of work done in shifting the charges 2

Magnitude of electric field due to the two charges +q and -q are given
by

q 1
E +q =
4πε o y +a 2
2 ½

Page 18 of 22
 q 1
E -q =
4πε o y +a 2
2 ½

Components normal to the dipole axis cancel out.

The components along the dipole axis add up.

The total electric field is opposite to the dipole moment will be given
by-

 ½
E = - (E +q +E -q ) cos θ pˆ
2qa ½
=- pˆ ( pˆ is a unit vector along dipole moment)
4πε o (y 2 +a 2 )3/2

At large distance (y>>a)

½
 -2qa
E= pˆ
4πε o y 3

(ii)

Initial electrostatic potential energy of the system

½
1 q A q B q Cq A qC q B
U1 = ( + + )
4πε o AB AC BC
9  109 ½
  (2  1)  (2  5)  (1 5) 1018
0.2
U1 = -5.85×10-7 J

Page 19 of 22
 1 q A1 q B1 q C1 q A1 q c1 q B1 ½
U2 = ( + + )
4πε o A1B1 A1C1 B1C1 ½
-7
U 2 = -11.7×10 J
W=U 2 -U1 = -5.85×10 -7 J
OR
(b )
(i)
 Showing consistency of Gauss’s theorem
with Coulomb’s law 1
 Derivation for electric field due to uniformly charged thin
spherical shell at (I) y > r (II) y < r 2
(ii) Finding the type and magnitude of charge. 2

(i)
 Gauss’s theorem is based on the inverse square dependence on
distance contained in the coulomb’s law. 1
Alternatively-
According to Gauss’s theorem

  q
∮[Link] = ½
εo
1 q
E=
4πε o r 2
According to Coulomb’s law, force on charge q o in this field
1 qq o ½
F=
4πε o r 2
Therefore, Gauss’s law is consistent with Coulomb’s law

 (I) For y > r

Electric flux through Gaussian surface E×4πy 2

The charge enclosed by the surface σ  4πr 2

Page 20 of 22
Using Gauss theorem
σ 4 πr 2
E(4πy 2 ) = ½

 q
E= rˆ ½
4πε 0 y 2
(II) For y < r

The charge enclosed by Gaussian surface = 0 ½

Using Gauss theorem ½
Electric flux = E(4πy 2 ) = 0
i.e.E = 0 (y < r)

(ii)

Page 21 of 22
Let the charge is kept at A be q
Potential at point B due to charge at the origin O and charge (q) at A ½

V = V1 + V2
½
1  2×10-9 q 
V=  +
4πε 0  2 6+2 
1  -9 q  ½
10 +  =0
4πε 0  8
q = -8×10 C -9 ½
5

Page 22 of 22
 Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination, 2025
SUBJECT NAME PHYSICS (PAPER CODE 55/4/3)
General Instructions: -

1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems
which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching profession.
To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must read and
understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the
examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to
public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and affect
the life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document to
anyone, publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc may
invite action under various rules of the Board and IPC.”
3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not
be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or are
innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and due marks be
awarded to them. In class-X, while evaluating two competency-based questions,
please try to understand given answer and even if reply is not from marking scheme
but correct competency is enumerated by the candidate, due marks should be
awarded.
4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers
These are in the nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The
students can have their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks
should be awarded accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be
zero after delibration and discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation
shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the marking of
individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X” be
marked. Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which
evaluators are committing.
7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-
hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more
marks should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only
once.
11 A full scale of marks ____70______(example 0 to 80/70/60/50/40/30 marks as given in
Question Paper) has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer

Page 1 of 20
 MARKING SCHEME: PHYSICS(042)
deserves it.
12 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books
per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).This is in view of the
reduced syllabus and number of questions in question paper.
13 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the
Examiner in the past:-
● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark
is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for
incorrect answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks awarded.
14 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should
be marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.
15 Any un assessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.
16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the “Guidelines
for spot Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
17 Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over to
the title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.
18 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on
payment of the prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head Examiners/Head
Examiners are once again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried out
strictly as per value points for each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

Page 2 of 20
 Code: 55/4/3
[Link]. VALUE POINTS/EXPECTED ANSWERS Marks Total
Marks
SECTION A
1. 4πε o Er 2 1 1
(A) tan -1
Q
2. (A) R A >R B >R C 1 1
3. (D) Negative Z axis 1 1
4. (C) 600 1 1
5. (D) Copper 1 1
6. (B) 1.0 A 1 1
7. (C) 1.8×10 Vm 5 -1
1 1
8. (C) Concentric horizontal circles around the wire 1 1
9. (B) Concave and real 1 1
10. (C) Photons of light and electrons both exhibit dual nature 1 1
11. (B) The red beam has more numbers of photons than the blue beam 1 1
12. (A) Sn 1 1
13. (C) Assertion is true, but Reason (R) is false. 1 1
14. (B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but (R) is not the correct 1 1
explanation of the Assertion (A)
15. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct 1 1
explanation of the Assertion (A)
16. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and (R) is the correct 1 1
explanation of the Assertion (A)
SECTION-B
17.
(a)
(i) Identifying the type of dopant ½
(ii) Identifying the type of extrinsic semiconductor ½
(b) Calculating the electron concentration 1

(a) (i) Trivalent ½

(ii) p – type semi conductor ½

(b) Electron concentration

n2
ne = i ½
nh
(5×108 ) 2
ne =
8×1012
n e = 3.125×10 4 m -3 ½ 2

Page 3 of 20
18.
Calculation of wavelength 2

Dλ ½
β1 =
d
Dλ
β2 = 2
d
λ
β1 -β 2 = (D1 - D2 ) ½
d
λ
= =  D -(D -30×10-2 ) 
d
(β -β )d 9×10-5 ×2×10 -3 ½
λ= 1 2 -2 =
30×10 30×10 -2
½ 2
λ = 6×10-7 m
19.
 Obtaining condition for focal length to be R 1
 Focal length of plano convex lens 1

1  1 1  ½
= (n-1)  - 
f  R1 R 2 
For f = R, R1 = R, R 2 = -R
1 1 1
= (n-1)  + 
R R R
3 ½
n=
2
For convex lens
1 2
= (n-1)  
f R
For plano Convex lens R1 = R R 2 =  ½
1 1
= (n-1)  
fp R
f p = 2f ½ 2

20.
Calculation of percentage change in radius 2

r  n2 ½
r2 4
= ½
r3 9
Percentage change when electron makes transition from n=3 to n=2

Page 4 of 20
 r2 -r3 ½
  100
r3
 4 9 
   100
 9 
=55.55% ½ 2
21. (a)

(i) Comparison of brightness of bulbs P and Q with bulb S ½

Justification ½
(ii) Comparison of brightness of bulb S with Q ½
Justification ½

(i) Brightness of the bulb ‘S’ will be more than bulbs ‘P’ and ‘Q’ ½
The current flowing through the bulb ‘S’ is twice of the current in ½
bulbs ‘P’ and ‘Q’.
(ii) Brightness of the bulb ‘S’ and ‘Q’will be same ½
The current flowing through both bulbs is same. ½
Alternatively-
(i) Brightness of the bulb ‘S’ will be more than bulbs ‘P’ and ‘Q’
The potential difference across ‘S’ is twice than the potential
difference across bulbs ‘P’ and ‘Q’
(ii) Brightness of both bulbs ‘S’ and ‘Q’ is same.
The potential difference across ‘S’ and ‘Q’ will be same.
OR
(b)

Finding the current through the bulb ‘B’ 2

By applying Kirchhoff’s loop rule to closed loops ABCFA and FCDEF

2I1 -3I 2 =1----(1)
I1 +I 2 =1-----(2) ½
½
On solving,

Page 5 of 20
 Current through the bulb,
1 ½ 2
I2 = A
5
SECTION-C

22.
(a) Majority and minority charge carriers in p-type and n-type
semiconductor 2
(b) Brief explanation for formation of diffusion current and drift current 1

(a) In p-type semiconductor ½

Majority charge carriers - holes ½
Minority charge carriers - electrons
In n-type semiconductors
Majority charge carriers - electrons ½
Minority charge carriers – holes ½

(b) Diffusion current – during the formation of p n junction , and due to the
concentration gradient across p and n – sides , holes diffuse from p side to n
side (p  n) and electrons diffuse from n – side to p – side (n  p). This ½
motion of charge carriers gives rise to diffusion current across the junction.

Drift current –Due to electric field at junction, an electron on p – side of the

junction moves to n- side and a hole on n – side of the junction moves to p-
side. This motion of charge carriers due to electric field gives drift current. ½ 3

23.
(a) Conditions for, no force experienced by charged particle
in magnetic field 1
(b) Obtaining the magnitude of magnetic force exerted
by wire on the loop 2
(a)
 If charged particle is at rest v = 0 ½
 If B is parallel or antiparallel to v ½
(b) Magnitude of force acting between two current carrying conductor
μ 2I I ½
F= 0 1 2 L
4π r
Force on segment MN of loop

μ 0 2I1I 2
FMN  l (Towards the wire) ½
4π l

Force on segment KP of loop

Page 6 of 20
 μ 0 2I1I 2
FKP = ×l (Away from the wire) ½
4π 2l
No force due to segment MK and NP
Net force on the loop
F = FMN - FKP
μ
F = 0 I1I 2
4π ½ 3
24.
(a) For obtaining expression of self inductance 2
(b) Identification of self inductance of coils from graph with reason 1

Magnetic field due to a current I flowing in the solenoid B= μ 0 nI ½

Total flux linked with solenoid is
NB  (nl ) (μ 0 nI)A
½
= μ 0 n 2 A lI
N B ½
L
I
L  μ 0 n 2 Al ½
(b) Coil 1
ε 1 3
Slope of line 1, = L is more for coil 1 than coil 2
dI/dt
25.
Explanation of
(a) Photoelectric emission 1
(b) Dependency of maximum kinetic energy on frequency only 1
(c) Explanation of slope of cut off voltage versus frequency graph 1

(a) Einstein Photo electric equation

h = h o + K max ½
K max = h (ν - ν o )
For ν  ν o , Kmax will be negative ½
Hence, Photoelectric emission is not possible.
(b) According to Einstein Photoelectric equation
K max = h (ν - ν o ) ½
Hence K max α ν ½
It shows Kmax depends upon frequency only and not depends upon intensity.

(c ) eVo = hν-hν o

Page 7 of 20
 h h
Vo = ν - νo ½
e e
This equation represents the equation of straight line (y = mx + c) with the
h
slope . ½ 3
e
26.
(a)
 Conditions for interference of two waves
(i) Constructively (ii) Destructively ½+½
 Interference conditions for two lights originating from two sodium
lamps ½
 Reason ½
(b) Justification of effect on fringe width of interference pattern 1

(a)
(i) Conditions for constructive interference
Δ = nλ ½
(ii) Conditions for destructive interference
1
Δ = (n+ )λ ½
2
n = 0,1,2………
½
 No
Two independent monochromatic source of light can not be coherent ½
λD ½
(b) Fringe width β =
d
λ red >λ green
β red >β green ½ 3

27. (a)

(i) Deriving the expression for resistivity of a conductor 2

(ii) Comparison of charges Q1 and Q2 1

Page 8 of 20
Total charge transported along E is
e2 A ½
IΔt= τ nΔtE
m
2
I ne
 E ½
A m
1 ½
J= E
ρ
m ½
 2
ne 
Alternatively-
Current in the conductor- ½
I = neAvd
I eE
= ne τ
A m ½
ne 2
J= E ½
m
1
J= E
ρ ½
m
ρ= 2
ne τ

(ii) From given graph

Q1 A1 (Area of rectangle) ½
=
Q 2 A 2 (Area of triangle)
Q1 2
=
Q2 3
2
½
Q1  Q2

Page 9 of 20
 OR
(b)
(i) (I)
 Obtaining the expression for current ½

Finding value of maximum current ½
(II) Obtaining terminal voltage V and its maximum possible value 1
(ii) Obtaining the internal resistance of the battery 1

 V  E  Ir
IR  E  Ir
E
I
Rr ½
For maximum value of current R=0
E
I max 
r ½
(II) V= V+ + V- -Ir
V  E  Ir ½
Vmax  E , when I=0 ½
(ii) I1R1 +I1r = I 2 R 2 +I 2 r ½
I R -I R ½ 3
r= 2 2 1 1
I1 - I 2
28.
(a) Three characteristics of electro- magnetic wave 1½
(b) Explanation of displacement current,
 how 1
 Where it exists ½

(a) (Any three)
 Electromagnetic wave carries energy. ½

Page 10 of 20
  Electromagnetic wave carries momentum. ½
 Electromagnetic wave moves with velocity of light in vacuum. ½
 In electromagnetic wave, electric field vector, magnetic field vector
and direction of propagation, all are mutually perpendicular.
 Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature.
 Electromagnetic waves do not require a physical medium to propagate
and can travel through a vacuum.
 Electromagnetic waves consist of oscillating electric and magnetic
fields.

(b)
 During charging of capacitor, time varying electric field / electric flux
1
between the plates of capacitor induces the displacement current.
½ 3
 Displacement current exists between the plates of capacitor.

SECTION-D
29. Ke2
(i) (C) 1
mr
- Ke2 1
(ii) (B)
2r
(iii) (C) - 2.48, 2.48 1

(iv) (a)
1 1 4
(D)
n3
OR
(b)
o
(C) 1.59 A

30. 2ε o KL2
(i) (C) 1
d
ε VKL2 1
(ii) (B) o
d
V 1
(iii) (A)
d
(iv) (a)
d 1 4
(C)
2K
OR
(b)
(D) Zero

Page 11 of 20
31. (a)
(i) Calculation of focal length of concave lens 3
(ii) Calculation of
 Angle of minimum deviation 1
 Angle of incidence 1

For real image form by Convex lens

1 1 1 ½
= -
f1 v1 u1
1 1 1
= -
10 v1 (30)
v1 =15cm ½
For Combination of lenses, let the focal length of combination of lens is f 3
1 1 1
= -
f 3 v3 u 3
1 1 1 ½
= 
f 3 (15+45) 30
f 3 = 20cm ½
Let the focal length of concave lens is f2
1 1 1
= +
f 3 f1 f 2 ½
1 1 1
= 
f 2 20 10
½
f 2 = - 20cm

(ii)
Angle of minimum deviation
(A+δm )
Sin
μ= 2
A
Sin ½
2
(60 +δ m )
Sin
3= 2
Sin 30

3 ( A  m )
 Sin
2 2

Page 12 of 20
 (A  m )
60 
2
o ½
δ m = 60

Angle of incidence
i e  A ½
2i  A   m
A  m
i
2 ½
i  60 

OR
(b)
(i)
(I) Finding the slit separation 1½
(II) Calculation of distance between central maximum and first minimum 1½
(ii) Calculation of distance between first order minima on both sides of
central maxima 2

(i)
(I) Slit separation
½
Dλ
β=
d
Dλ
d=
β
½
633 109  5

5 103 ½
 633  106 m
=633μm
(II) Distance of first minimum from central maximum

(2n-1)λD
xn = ½
2d

n =1
633×10-9 ×5 ½
x=
2×5×10-3

Page 13 of 20
 x =316.5×10-6 m ½

x =316.5μm

(ii) Distance between first order minima on both the side

2Dλ ½
W=
d
1
2×650×10-9
= ×60×10-2 5
0.6×10-3
=1.3×10-3 m ½
32. (a)

(i) Finding electric field at a far off point (y>>a) 3

(ii) Calculation of work done in shifting the charges 2

Magnitude of electric field due to the two charges +q and -q are given by

q 1 ½
E +q =
4πε o y +a 2
2

q 1
E -q = ½
4πε o y +a 2
2

Components normal to the dipole axis cancel out.

The components along the dipole axis add up.

Page 14 of 20
The total electric field is opposite to the dipole moment will be given by-


E= - (E +q +E -q ) cos θ pˆ
½
2qa
=- pˆ ( pˆ is a unit vector along dipole moment)
4πε o (y 2 +a 2 )3/2 ½

At large distance (y>>a)

 -2qa
E= pˆ ½
4πε o y 3

(ii)

Initial electrostatic potential energy of the system

1 q A q B q CqA qC q B
U1 = ( + + )
4πε o AB AC BC
9 109 ½
  (2  1)  (2  5)  (1 5) 1018
0.2
U1 = -5.85×10 -7 J
1 q A1 q B1 q C1 q A1 q c1 q B1 ½
U2 = ( + + )
4πε o A1B1 A1C1 B1C1
U 2 = -11.7×10 -7 J
W=U 2 -U1 = -5.85×10 -7 J ½
OR
(b ) ½
(i)
 Showing consistency of Gauss’s theorem with Coulomb’s law 1
 Derivation for electric field due to uniformly charged thin
spherical shell at (I) y > r (II) y < r 2
(ii) Finding type and magnitude of charge. 2

Page 15 of 20
(i)
 Gauss’s theorem is based on the inverse square dependence on distance
contained in the coulomb’s law.
Alternatively-
1
According to Gauss’s theorem

  q
∮[Link] =
εo
1 q ½
E=
4πε o r 2
According to Coulomb’s law, force on charge qo in this field
1 qq o
F=
4πε o r 2
½
Therefore, Gauss’s law is consistent with Coulomb’s law
 (I) For y > r

Electric flux through Gaussian surface E×4πy 2

The charge enclosed by the surface σ  4πr 2
Using Gauss theorem
σ 4 πr 2
E(4πy 2 ) =

 q ½
E= rˆ
4πε 0 y 2
½

Page 16 of 20
(II) For y < r

The charge enclosed by Gaussian surface = 0

Using Gauss theorem
½
Electric flux = E(4πy2 ) = 0
i.e.E = 0 (y < r)
½
(ii)

Let the charge is kept at A be q

Potential at point B due to charge at the origin O and charge (q) at A

V = V1 + V2
1  2×10-9 q 
V=  +
4πε 0  2 6+2  ½
1  -9 q  ½
10 +  =0
4πε 0  8 ½
-9
q = -8×10 C
½ 5

Page 17 of 20
33. (a)
(i)
 Statement of Lenz’s law ½
 Explaining, how this law is a consequence of law of conservation
of energy ½
(ii)
(I) Direction of induced current when loop enters and loop leaves
½+½
(II) Plots showing variation of
magnetic flux ( ) with time (t), 1
induced emf (E) with time (t) and 1
relevant values E, ( ) and t on the graph 1

Lenz’s law – Polarity of the induced emf is such that it tends to produce a ½
current, which opposes the change in magnetic flux that produces it.

When magnet is moved closer/ away from the loop, same/ opposite pole is
developed on the approaching face of the loop. So mechanical work is ½
required to move a magnet which gets converted into electrical energy which
is consistent with the law of conservation of energy.
(ii) ½
(I) Anticlockwise ½
Clockwise
(II)

1½

Page 18 of 20
 1½

OR

(b)
(i)
Difference between Peak value and rms value of ac 1
Relation ½

(ii) (I) Identification of elements X and Y by phasor diagram 1

(II) Obtaining
 Resonance condition 1
 Expression for resonant frequency 1
 Impedance value ½

(i)
Peak value - It is the maximum value of Alternating current. 1
rms value - It is the equivalent dc current that would produce the same
average power loss as alternating current.

Alternatively-
Peak value - It is the maximum value of Alternating current.
rms value- It is the effective value of an ac representing the equivalent dc,
that would produce the same heating effect in same resistor in same time
period.

Io ½
Relation I rms =
2

Page 19 of 20
 (ii) (I) X- Inductor (L)

Y- Capacitor (C)

(II) Impedance of the circuit

Z  (X L  XC ) ½

At resonance Z  0
X L  XC ½
1
ωL = ½
ωC
1 1
ω2 = , ω= ½
LC LC
1
ν=
2π LC
Impedance at resonance
Z=0 ½ 5

Page 20 of 20
 Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination, 2025
SUBJECT NAME PHYSICS (PAPER CODE 55/4/1)
General Instructions: -

1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems
which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching profession.
To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must read and
understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the
examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to
public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and affect
the life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document to
anyone, publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc may
invite action under various rules of the Board and IPC.”
3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not
be done according to one‟s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or are
innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and due marks be
awarded to them. In class-X, while evaluating two competency-based questions,
please try to understand given answer and even if reply is not from marking scheme
but correct competency is enumerated by the candidate, due marks should be
awarded.
4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers
These are in the nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The
students can have their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks
should be awarded accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be
zero after delibration and discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation
shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the marking of
individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS „X” be
marked. Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which
evaluators are committing.
7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-
hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more
marks should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only
once.
11 A full scale of marks ____70______(example 0 to 80/70/60/50/40/30 marks as given in
Question Paper) has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer

Page 1 of 20
 deserves it.
12 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books
per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).This is in view of the
reduced syllabus and number of questions in question paper.
13 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the
Examiner in the past:-
● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark
is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for
incorrect answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks awarded.
14 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should
be marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.
15 Any un assessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.
16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the “Guidelines
for spot Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
17 Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over to
the title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.
18 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on
payment of the prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head Examiners/Head
Examiners are once again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried out
strictly as per value points for each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

Page 2 of 20
 : (042)
: 55/4/1
. . /

1. (C) 4.55 1023 kg 1 1

2. (C) R 3 1 1
3. (B) XY ल पथ 1 1
4. (C) 60 0 1 1
5. ( B) 1 1
6. (A) 10 2A 1 1
7. (D) 3.33 106 T 1 1
8. (B) ल थ 1 1
9. (C) औ ल 1 1
10. (B) ल ल प लप 1 1
11. (A) Sn 1 1
12. (C) ओ 1 1
13. (A) ) थ (A) औ (R) ,औ (R), थ (A) 1 1

14. (A) थ (A) औ (R) औ (R), थ (A) 1 1

15. (C) थ (A) ,प (R) गल 1 1

16. (B) थ (A) औ (R) प (R), थ (A) 1 1

17. (a)

(i) बल्ब S की की P औ Q बल्बबों की से तुलना ½

पुष्टिकरण ½
(ii) बल्ब S की की बल्ब Q की से तुलना ½
पुष्टिकरण ½

(i) S Pऔ Q ग ½
S औ Pऔ Q ओ
½
ग
(ii) S Q ग ½
ल ½

Page 3 of 20
 -
(i) S Pऔ Q ग
S प ,Pऔ Q प
ग
(ii) S Q
S प , Q प ग l

थ
(b)
बल्ब ‘B’ से प्रवाष्टित धारा ज्ञात करना 2
‘B’ 2

प ABCFA औ FCDEF प ग प
2I1 -3I2 =1----(1)
I1 +I2 =1-----(2) ½
ल प ½

1
I2 = A 2
5 ½
18.
पिले ष्टितीयक उच्चिष्ठ के ष्टलए ष्टववततन कबण ज्ञात करना 2

λ ½
θ=(2n+1)
2a
प ल ल n=1
3λ
θ= ½
2a
3  550 109 ½
θ=
2  0.55 103

Page 4 of 20
 θ = 1.5 x 10-3 = 0.086 ½ 2
19.
वक्रता ष्टिज्या का पररकलन 2

1 1 1  ½
=(n 21 -1)  - 
f  R1 R 2  ½
R1 =R औ R 2 = -R
1 2 ½
=(1.55-1)  
15 R 
½ 2
R = 16.5 cm
20.
का द्रव्यमान u में पररकष्टलत करना 2

1 1.9926×10-26 kg
1u = प = 1.66 1027 kg
12 12
ल =9.1×10-31kg
2  9.11031 ½
=
ल 1.66 1027
= 0.00109638 u ½
α = ल प - ल
½

=4.0026030 - 0.00109638
=4.00150662 u ½
2
21.
(a)
(i) अपष्टमश्रक के प्रकार की पिचान करना ½
(ii) अपद्रव्यी अधतचालक के प्रकार की पिचान करना ½
(b) इलेक्ट्रॉन साों द्रता पररकष्टलत करना 1

(i) ½
(ii) p – ल ½
(a) ल
n i2 ½
ne =
nh
(5×108 )2
ne =
8×1012
½ 2

Page 5 of 20
 n e = 3.125×104 m-3
ग
22.
(a)
(i) चालक की प्रष्टतरबधकता का व्योंजक व्यु त्पन्न करना 2
(ii) आवेशबों Q1औ Q2 की तुलना 1

E ल
2
eA
IΔt= η nΔtE
m ½
2
I ne
 E
A m ½
1
J= E
ρ ½
m
 2
ne  ½
–
ल -
I = neAvd
I eE
= ne η
A m
ne 
2
J= E
m
1
J= E
ρ
m
ρ= 2
ne η
(ii) ग -
Q1 A1
=  ½
Q2 A 2 ल/ ल

½
Page 6 of 20
 Q1 2
=
Q2 3
2
Q1  Q2

थ
(b)
(i) (I)
 धारा के मान के ष्टलए व्योंजक प्राप्त करना ½
 उितम धारा के मान का पररकलन ½
(II) टष्टमतनल वबल्टता तथा इसका यथासोंभव मान प्राप्त करना 1
(ii) बैटरी का आतोंररक प्रष्टतरबध ज्ञात करना 1

 V=  - Ir
IR =  -Ir ½

I=
ल (R=0) ½

Imax= ½
(II) V= V+ + V- -Ir ½
V =  -Ir
Vmax =  I=0 ½
(ii) I1R1 +I1r = I2R 2 +I2 r ½
I R -I R
r= 2 2 1 1
I1 - I 2 3
23.
(a) बायब सावटत के ष्टनयम का सष्टदश रूप 1

(b) ज्ञात करना

 चुम्बकीय क्षेि का पररणामी पररमाण 1½
 चुम्बकीय क्षेि का पररणामी ष्टदशा ½

Page 7 of 20
 μ o I(dl×r)
(a) d ⃗ = 1
4π r 3

μ o 2I
(b) As B= ½
4π a
B1 = X X '
μ o 2I 2  2 107 ˆ
½
B1    (8 108 T)(k)
4π a 5
B2 = YY '
μ 2I 2×2×10-7 ˆ ½
B2 = o = =10×10-8T (-k)
4π a 4

Bnet = B2 + B1
½
= 2 108 T (kˆ)
 प –Z 3

24.

प्रेररत धारा की ष्टदशा ज्ञात औ पुष्टि करना,

(a) कुोंडली ‘2’, कुोंडली ‘1’ की ओ गष्टतमान िै ½+½
(b) कुोंडली ‘2’, कुोंडली ‘1’ से दू र की ओ गष्टतमान िै ½+½
(c) दबनबों कुोंडष्टलयबों कब च्चथथर रखते हुए कुोंडली ‘2’ से सोंयबष्टजत प्रष्टतरबध में वृच्चि की
गई िै ½+½
½
(a) ग
ल 2 ल 1 ल ओ ½
ल 2ग ग ल 2
ओ प , ल 1 ल ग

(b) ग ½

ल 2 ल 1 ल ल 2 ½
ग ग ल 2 ओ प
ल 1 ल ग

(c) ग ½

ल ग ल
½ 3
ग ल ल ल

Page 8 of 20
 ग ओ ल ई ग

25.
(a) ष्टवद् युत चुम्बकीय तरों गबों के तीन अष्टभलाक्षष्टणक 1½
(b) ष्टवथथापन धारा की व्याख्या ,
 कैसे 1
 इसका अच्चित्व किााँ िबता िै ? ½

(a) ( ई )
 ग ½
½
 ग ग
½
 ग ग ल
 ग ओ
ग ल
 ग थ
 ग ल
ओ ग
 ग ल ल ओ ल

(b)
 प ओ 1
थप ल / , थप
.
 थप ½ 3
26.
(a) गष्टत, आवृष्टत औ तरों गदै र्घ्त प प्रभाव 1½
(b) ष्टरोंज की चौड़ाई ष्टरोंज की आकार औ
केंद्रीय उच्चिष्ठ में बदलाव का प्रभाव 1½

(a)
 ग ग ½
 ½
½
 ग
(b)
 ई l ½
 ल l ½
 थ ल l ½ 3

Page 9 of 20
27.
(a) प्रकाश वैद्युत उत्सजतन की व्याख्या 1
(b)अष्टधकतम गष्टतज ऊजात का ष्टसर्त आवृष्टि प ष्टनभतर िबने की व्याख्या 1
(c) ष्टनरबधी ष्टवभव औ आवृष्टि के ग्रार् में प्रवणता की व्याख्या 1

(a)
h = h o + Kmax ½
Kmax = h (ν - νo )
ν  νo , ल Kmax ग ½
ल
(b) ½
K max = h (ν - νo )
ल K max α ν ½
Kmax प प

(c ) eVo =hν-hν o
h h ½
Vo = ν - νo
e e
ल (y = mx + c)
h ½
ल
e
3
28.
(a) अधतचालक में बहुसोंख्यक ओ अल्पसोंख्यक आवेशवािक 2
(b) ष्टवसरण धारा औ अपवाि धारा के ष्टनष्टमतत िबने की सोंष्टक्षप्त व्याख्या 1

(a) p- ल
- ल ½
½
- ल
n- ल
- ल ½
– ल ½

(b) - p n ल प
लp ल n ल (p  n) ओ थ ½
ल n ल p ल (n  p) ओ
ग

Page 10 of 20
 प - प p ल प थ ल n
ल ल ओ n- ल प थ ल p- ल प ल
ग प
½ 3

घ
29. 2ε o KL 2
(i) (C) 1
d
ε o VKL2 1
(ii) (B)
d
V 1
(iii) (A)
d
(iv) (a)
d
(C)
2K 1
OR
(b)
(D)
4
30. Ke 2
(i) (C) 1
mr
- Ke2 1
(ii) (B)
2r
1
(iii) (C) -2.48, 2.48

(iv) (a)
1
(D) 1
n3
OR
(b)
o
(C) 1.59 A 4

ड़
31. (a)

(i) दू रथथ ष्टबन्दू प (y>>a) वैद्युत क्षेि का व्योंजक ज्ञात करना 3

(ii) आवेश कब ष्टवथथाष्टपत करने में ष्टकया गया कायत का पररकलन 2

Page 11 of 20
 ½

+ q औ –q प ग
q 1
E +q = ½
4πε o y +a 2
2

q 1
E -q =
4πε o y +a 2
2
½

ग ल प

E= - (E +q +E -q ) cos θ pˆ ½
2qa
=- pˆ ( pˆ
4πε o (y 2 +a 2 )3/2 ई ) ½

थ प (y>>a)

-2qa
E= pˆ
4πε o y 3 ½

(ii)

Page 12 of 20
 थ थ

1 q A q B q Cq A qC q B
U1 = ( + + ) ½
4πε o AB AC BC
9 109
 (2  1)  (2  5)  (1 5) 1018
0.2
U1 = -5.85×10-7 J
½
1 q A1 q B1 qC1 q A1 q c1 q B1
U2 = ( + + )
4πε o A1B1 A1C1 B1C1
U 2 = -11.7×10-7 J ½

W=U2 -U1 = -5.85×10-7 J ½

थ
(b )
(i)
 गाउस प्रमेय औ कूलॉम ष्टनयम सोंगत िै दशात ना 1
ष्टकसी पतले गबलाकार खबल के कारण खबल के केंद्र से
(I) y > r (II) y < r ष्टबन्दु प ष्टवद् युत क्षेि के ष्टलए
व्योंजक व्युत्पन्न करना 2
(ii) आवेश की प्रकृष्टत औ पररमाण ज्ञात करना 2
(i)
 ग ल ग प
प 1

ग
q
 [Link]= ε o ½
1 q
E=
4πε o r 2 ½
ल qo प ल
1 qq o
F=
4πε o r 2

 ल ग ल प

Page 13 of 20
  (I) For y > r

ग प प E×4πy2
प ल ζ  4πr 2
ग ग
ζ 4 πr 2
E(4πy2 ) = ½

q
E= rˆ
4πε 0 y 2 ½
(II) For y < r

ग प प =0
ग ग
= E(4πy2 ) = 0 ½
i.e.E = 0 (y < r)
½

Page 14 of 20
 (ii)

ल qA प ग
ल Oप qऔ Aप Bप
V = V1 + V2
½
1  2×10-9 q 
V= 
4πε 0  2
+
6+2  ½
1  -9 q 
10 +  =0 ½
4πε 0  8
-9
q = -8×10 C ½ 5
32. (a)

(i)
 लेंज़ के ष्टनयम का थ ½
 व्याख्या कीष्टजए ष्टनयम ष्टकस प्रकार ऊजात सोंरक्षण ष्टनयम का िी
पररणाम िै । ½
(ii)
(I) पॉश के क्षेि में प्रवेश करते औ बािर आते प्रेररत धारा की ष्टदशा ½+½

(II) ष्टवचरण के साथ ग्रार् बनाना

चुम्बकीय फ्लक्स के ष्टवचरण तथा ‘t’ के साथ ग्रार् खीोंचना 1
प्रेररत ष्टवद् युत वािक ल (E) तथा ‘t’ के साथ ग्रार् खीोंचना 1
ग्रार् प E, औ ‘t’ का मान, अोंष्टकत करना 1

ल - ल
ल
½
प प/ ल ,प प ल प
/ प ल ल ल
प , - ½
प .

Page 15 of 20
(ii)
(I)
 ½

½

(II)

1½

1½

थ
(b)
(i)
प्रत्यावृष्टत धारा केष्टशखर मान औ वगतमाध्य्मुल के बीच ष्टवभेदन 1
सोंबि ½

(ii) (I) र्ेजर आरे ख से अवयवबों X औ Y कब पिचानना 1

(II) प्राप्त करना
 अनुनाद की शतत 1
 अनुनाद आवृष्टि के ष्टलए व्योंजक 1
 प्रष्टतबाधा का मान ½
(i)

rms औ प 1

Page 16 of 20
 -

ac , ,
ग

Io
I rms =
2 ½

(ii) (I) X- / ल (L)

Y- (C)

(II) प पथ

Z  ( X L  XC ) ½

प Z 0

Page 17 of 20
 X L  XC
1 ½
ωL =
ωC ½
1 1
ω2 = , ω=
LC LC ½

1
ν=
2π LC 5
प
Z=0 ½
33. (a)
(i) ल लेंस की र्बकल दू री का पररकलन 3
(ii)
 न्यूनतम ष्टवचलन कबण के मान का पररकलन 1
 प कबण का पररकलन 1

लल ल
1 1 1 ½
= -
f1 v1 u1
1 1 1
= -
10 v1 (30)
v1 =15cm ½
ल ल f3 l
1 1 1
= -
f 3 v3 u 3
1 1 1 ½
= 
f 3 (15+45) 30
f3 = 20cm
½
लल ल f2 l
1 1 1
= +
f 3 f1 f 2 ½
1 1 1
= 
f 2 20 10
f2 = -20cm ½

Page 18 of 20
(ii)
ल
(A+δ m )
Sin ½
μ= 2
A
Sin
2
(60 +δ m )
Sin
3= 2
Sin 30

3 ( A  m )
 Sin
2 2
( A  m )
60 
2
δm = 60 o
½

प
i  e  A
2i  A   m ½
A  m
i
2 ½
i  60

थ
(b)
(i)
(I) ष्टिरी सूष्टचष्टिद्र के बीच की दू री ज्ञात करना 1½
(II) प्रथम उच्चिष्ठ औ केंद्रीय उच्चिष्ठ के बीच की दू री का पररकलन 1½
(i) केंद्रीय उच्चिष्ठ के दबनबों ओ के प्रथम कबष्टट के ष्टनम्नष्टनष्ठबों के बीच की दू री
ज्ञात करना 2

(i)
(I) पथ /
Dλ ½
β=
d
Dλ
d=
β

Page 19 of 20
 633 109  5
 ½
5 103
 633 106 m ½
=633μm
(II) थ

(2n-1)λD
xn = ½
2d

n =1 ½
-9
633×10 ×5
x=
2×5×10-3

½
x =316.5×10-6 m

x =316.5μm

(ii) ओ थ
2Dλ ½
W=
d
2×650×10-9 1
= -3
×60×10-2 5
0.6×10
½
=1.3×10-3m

Page 20 of 20
 Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination, 2025
SUBJECT NAME PHYSICS (PAPER CODE 55/4/2)
General Instructions: -

1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems
which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching profession.
To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must read and
understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the
examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to
public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and affect
the life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document to
anyone, publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc may
invite action under various rules of the Board and IPC.”
3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not
be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or are
innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and due marks be
awarded to them. In class-X, while evaluating two competency-based questions,
please try to understand given answer and even if reply is not from marking scheme
but correct competency is enumerated by the candidate, due marks should be
awarded.
4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers
These are in the nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The
students can have their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks
should be awarded accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be
zero after delibration and discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation
shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the marking of
individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X” be
marked. Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which
evaluators are committing.
7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-
hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more
marks should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only
once.
11 A full scale of marks _____70_____(example 0 to 80/70/60/50/40/30 marks as given in
Question Paper) has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer

Page 1 of 22
 deserves it.
12 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books
per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).This is in view of the
reduced syllabus and number of questions in question paper.
13 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the
Examiner in the past:-
● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark
is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for
incorrect answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks awarded.
14 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should
be marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.
15 Any un assessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.
16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the “Guidelines
for spot Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
17 Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over to
the title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.
18 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on
payment of the prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head Examiners/Head
Examiners are once again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried out
strictly as per value points for each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

Page 2 of 22
 अंकन योजना: भौितकी (042)
कोड: 55/4/2
. मू ां कन िबं दु/अपेि त उ र अं क कुल
सं . अं क
खं ड - क
1. (B) 1.0×10 Nm -8
1 1
2. (C) तं तु के िसरों पर त ण िवद् युत े थािपत हो जाता है जो इले ॉनों को 1 1
धकेलता है ।
3. (C) qv0 B12 +B22 1 1
4. (C) 600 1 1
5. (A) ितचु कीय 1 1
6. (C) 3mH 1 1
7. (C ) 8.85×10 -8 A 1 1
8. (C) तार के चारों ओर सं के ी ैितज वृ 1 1
9. (A) Sn 1 1
10. (B) अवतल तथा वा िवक 1 1
11. (C) काश के फोटॉन तथा इले ॉन दोनों ही ै त कृित दशाते ह। 1 1
12. (B) लाल पुं ज म नीले पुंज से सं ा म अिधक फोटॉन ह। 1 1
13. (B) अिभकथन (A) और कारण (R) दोनों सही है , पर ु कारण अिभकथन की 1 1
सही ा ा नही ं करता है ।
14. (C) अिभकथन सही है , पर ु कारन गलत है । 1 1
15. (A) अिभकथन (A) और कारण (R) दोनों सही है , और कारण (R) अिभकथन
(A) की सही ा ा करता है । 1 1
16. (A) अिभकथन (A) और कारण (R) दोनों सही है , और कारण (R) अिभकथन 1 1
(A) की सही ा ा करता है ।
खं ड ख
17.
(a)
(i) अपिम क के कार की पहचान करना ½
(ii) अप ी अधचालक के कार की पहचान करना ½
(b) इले ॉन सां ता प रकिलत करना 1

(i) ि सं योजी
(ii) p – कार का अधचालक ½
½
(a) इले ॉन सां ता
n2 ½
ne = i
nh

Page 3 of 22
 (5×108 ) 2
ne = 2
8×1012
½
n e = 3.125×10 4 m -3
18.
क ीय उ से चमकीले ि ं ज की िन तम दू री 2

n1  ( n  1)2 ½
n  600  ( n  1)  400
½
 n2
2 D
 x 1

2  600  109  1.5 ½

1.5 10 3
x 1.2 10 3 m ½ 2
19.
समलो ल लस की फोकस दू री ात करना 2

1 u2 1 1 
=( -1)  -  ½
f u1  R1 R 2 
समतलो ल लस के िलए
R 1 = R and R 2 = 
1  u2  1 ½
=  -1
f  u1  R
 1.5  1
= -1 × ½
 1.25  10
1 1
=
f 50
 f = 50 cm ½ 2
20.
िविकरणों की िन तम और अिधकतम तरं गदै का अनु पात ात करना 2

1 1 1 ½
=R  2 - 2 
λ  nf ni 
1 1 1 
=R  2 - 2 
λ max 1 2 
4 ½
λ max =
3R

Page 4 of 22
 1 1 1
=R  2 - 
λ min 1  
1
λ min =
R
min 3 ½
=
λ max 4

½
वै क क
for λ min n1 =1 n 2  
hc
E 2 - E1 = ½
λ min
hc
0 -(13.6) =
λ min
hc
λ min =
13.6 ½
λ max n1 =1 n 2  2
hc
λ max =
-3.4-(-13.6) ½
hc
λ max =
10.2
λ min 3 2
= ½
λ max 4
21. (a)

(i) ब S की चमक की P और Q ब ों की चमक से तुलना ½

पुि करण ½
(ii) ब S की चमक की ब Q की चमक से तुलना ½
पुि करण ½

(i) ब S की चमक, ब P और Q की चमक से अिधक होगी। ½

ब S से वािहत धारा और ब P और Q म वािहत धाराओं
½
की दो गुनी है ।
(ii) S ब की चमक Q ब की चमक के बराबर होगी। ½
दोनों ब ों म से वािहत होने वाली िवद् यु त धारा बराबर होती है । ½

वै क क -
(i) ब S की चमक P और Q की चमक से अिधक होगी
ब S के िसरों पर िवभवा र, P और Q के िसरों पर िवभवा र का

Page 5 of 22
 दो गुना है ।
(ii) ब S की चमक ब Q की चमक के बराबर है ।
ब S के िसरों पर िवभवा र, ब Q के िसरों पर िवभवा र के बराबर
होगा l

अथवा
(b)
ब ‘B’ से वािहत धारा ात करना 2

बंद पाशों ABCFA और FCDEF पर िकरचॉफ िनयम का अनु योग करने पर

2I1 -3I 2 =1----(1)
½
I1 +I 2 =1-----(2)
½
हल करने पर 2
ब से वािहत धारा
1
I2 = A ½
5
खं ड ग
22.
(a) काश वैद्युत उ जन की ा ा 1
(b)अिधकतम गितज ऊजा का, िसफ आवृि पर िनभर होने की ा ा 1
(c) िनरोधी िवभव और आवृि के ाफ म वणता की ा ा 1

(a) आइं ाइन का काश िवद् युत समीकरण

h = h o + K max ½
K max = h (ν - ν o )
ν  νo , के िलए Kmax ऋणा क होगा ½
इसिलए काश वै द्यु त उ जन संभव नही ं है
(b) आइं ाइन का काश िवद् युत समीकरण के ारा

Page 6 of 22
 K max = h (ν - ν o ) ½
इसिलए K max α ν
½
यह दशाता है Kmax िसफ आवृि पर िनभर करता है न िक ती ता पर

(c ) eVo =hν-hν o
h h
Vo = ν - ν o ½
e e
यह समीकरण सरल रे खा (y = mx + c) को दिशत करता है िजसका ढाल
h
है ½
e
3
23.
(a)
 कण के ारा चले गए पथ का वणन 1
 पथ की आकृित 1
(b) प रनािलका के अंदर चु कीय े पर भाव जब
(i) प रनािलका के फेरों की ि ा म वृ हो ½
(ii) प रनािलका के कुल फेरों की सं ा तथा ल ाई दो गुनी हो ½

(a) चु कीय े के कारण कण वृ ाकार पथ पर गमन करे गा तथा

िवद् यु त े के कारण कण िवद् यु त े की िदशा म रत होगा।
1
इसके प रणाम प कण िनयत ि ा के वृ करते ए, चू ड़ी
अं तराल के कु िलनी पथ पर गमन करे गा।

μ o NI ½
(a) (i) B = कोई प रवतन नही ं
l
N 2N
(ii) = कोई प रवतन नही ं
l 2l ½ 3

Page 7 of 22
 (a) िकसी े फल से गुजरने वाले चु कीय तथा िकसी िबंदु पर
चु कीय े के बीच अंतर 1
(b) े रत के उ होने और उसकी िदशा की ा ा 2
24.

(a) चु कीय िकसी िदए गए े फल से अिभलंबवत गुजरने वाली

चु कीय े रे खाओं की कुल सं ा के बराबर होता है । ½
िकसी चु क या धारावाही चालक के आस- पास िकसी िबंदु पर
½
चु कीय े वह े है जहाँ चु कीय बल पर अनु भव िकया जा
सकता है ।

(b) जब छड़ चु क को दि ण ुव (S) कुंडली की ओर गमन करता है तो

कुंडली से गुजरने वाले चु कीय म वृ होती है । इस कार
फैराडे के िवद् युत चु कीय े रण के िनयमों के अनु सार, कुंडली म 1
े रत िवद् यु त वाहक बल धारा उ होती है ।
लज़ के िनयम के अनु सार, कुंडली का िनकट का िसरा दि ण ुव बन जाता है
1 3
िजसके प रणाम प कुंडली म दि णावत िदशा म धारा वािहत होती है ।

25.
(a) िवद् युत चु कीय तरं गों के तीन अिभला िणक 1½
(b) िव थापन धारा की ा ा ,
 कैसे 1
 इसका अ कहाँ होता है ? ½

(a) (कोई तीन )

 िवद् यु त चु कीय तरं गे ऊजा रखती ह। ½
½
 िवद् यु त चु कीय तरं गे संवेग रखते ह।
½
 िवद् यु त चु कीय तरं ग िनवात म काश के वे ग से चलती है ।
 िवद् यु त चु कीय तरं गों वैद्यु त े की िदशा, चु कीय े की िदशा,
और गमन करने की िदशा एक दू सरे के ल वत होती है ।
 िवद् यु त् चु कीय तरं गे कृित म अनु थ होती है ।
 िवद् यु त् चु कीय तरं गों को सा रत करने के िलए िकसी भौितक
मा म की आव कता नही ं होती है ओर वे िनवात म भी गमन कर
सकती है ।
 िवद् यु त चु कीय तरं गे दोलनशील िवद् यु त ओर चु कीय े ों से
िमलकर बनी होती है ।
(b)
 सं धा र को आवेिशत करने के दौरान संधा र की पि काओं के बीच

Page 8 of 22
 समय के साथ प रवितत होने वाला िवद् यु त े / िवद् यु त , 3
िव थापन धारा को े रत करता है । . 1
 िव थापन धारा का अ सं धा र की े टों के बीच म होता है ।
½
26.
(a)
 तरं गा की प रभाषा ½
 अपवितत तरं गा की आकृित ½
(b)
 तरं ग के अपवतन का आरे ख ½
 ेल के िनयम का स ापन 1½

(a) तरं गा : मा म म समान कला म दोलन करते सभी िबंदुओं के िबंदु पथ को

तरं गा कहते ह।. ½

(b)

ि भु ज ABC और AEC पर िवचार करने पर

BC v1 ½
Sin i = = -----(1)
AC AC
AE v 2 ½
Sin r = = -----(2)
AC AC

Page 9 of 22
 Sin i v1 n 2 ½
= =
Sin r v 2 n1
3
n1Sin i = n 2 Sin r
27.
(a) अधचालक म ब सं क ओर अ सं क आवेशवाहक 2
(b) िवसरण धारा और अपवाह धारा के िनिमत होने की संि ा ा 1

(a) p- कार के अधचालक म

ब सं क आवेश वाहक - होल ½
½
अ सं क आवेश वाहक- इले ॉनों
n- कार के अधचालक म
ब सं क आवेश वाहक - इले ॉन ½
अ सं क आवेश वाहक – होल ½

(b) िवसरण धारा - संिध के िनमाण के समय p एवं n फलकों के िसरों पर

सां ता वणता के कारण होल p फलक से n फलक (p  n) को ओर िवस रत ½
होते है तथा इले ॉन n फलक से p फलक (n  p) की ओर िवस रत होते है
आवे श वाहकों की इस गित के कारण सं िध से एक िवसरण धारा वािहत होती
है ।

अपवाह धारा- सं िध पर िवद् युत े के कारण संिध के p फलक पर थत

इले ॉन n फलक म चला जाता है ओर सं िध के n- फलक पर थत होल p-
फलक पर चला जाता है । िवद् युत े के कारण आवे श वाहकों की यह गित ½ 3
अपवाह धारा दान करती है ।
28.
(a)
(i) चालक की ितरोधकता का ंजक ु करना 2
(ii) आवेशों Q1और Q2 की तुलना 1

E के अनु िदश कुल आवेश

Page 10 of 22
 e2 A ½
IΔt= τ nΔtE
m
2
I ne ½
 E
A m
1 ½
J= E
ρ
m
 2 ½
ne 
वै क क –
चालक म धारा - ½
I = neAv d
I eE
= ne τ
A m
ne 2
J= E ½
m
1
J= E
ρ ½
m
ρ= 2 ½
ne τ
(ii) िदए गए ाफ से -
Q1 A1
= 
Q 2 A 2 आयत का े फल/ ि भु ज का े फल ½
Q1 2
=
Q2 3
2
Q1  Q2 ½

अथवा
(b)

(i) (I)
 धारा के मान के िलए ं जक ा करना ½
उ तम धारा के मान का प रकलन ½
(II) टिमनल वो ता तथा इसका यथासंभव मान ा करना 1
(ii) बैटरी का आतं रक ितरोध ात करना 1

Page 11 of 22
  V=  - Ir
IR =  -Ir

I= ½
उ तम धारा के िलए (R=0)

Imax=
½
(II) V= V+ + V- -Ir
V =  -Ir ½
Vmax =  जब I=0 ½
(ii) I1R1 +I1r = I 2 R 2 +I 2 r
I R -I R ½
r= 2 2 1 1 ½ 3
I1 - I 2
खं ड घ
29. Ke2
(i) (C) 1
mr
- Ke 2 1
(ii) (B)
2r
1
(iii) (C) -2.48, 2.48

(iv) (a)
1
(D) 1
n3
OR
(b)
o
(C) 1.59 A 4

30. 2ε o KL2
(i) (C) 1
d
ε VKL2 1
(ii) (B) o
d

Page 12 of 22
 V 1
(iii) (A)
d
(iv) (a)
d
(C) 1
2K
OR
(b)
4
(D) शू
खं ड ड़
(a)
(i)
 लज़ के िनयम का कथन ½
 ा ा कीिजए यह िनयम िकस कार ऊजा सं र ण िनयम का ही
31. प रणाम है । ½
(ii)
(I) पॉश के े म वेश करते और बाहर आते समय े रत धारा की
िदशा ½+½
(II) िवचरण के साथ ाफ बनाना
चु कीय के िवचरण तथा समय ‘t’ के साथ ाफ खीच ं ना 1
े रत िवद् युत वाहक बल (E) तथा समय ‘t’ के साथ ाफ खीच
ं ना 1
ाफ पर E, और ‘t’ का मान, अंिकत करना 1

लज़ िनयम - े रत िवद् युत वाहक बल की ुवता इस कार होती है की वह उस ½

िदशा म धारा वाह वृ करे जो उसे उ करने वाले कारक का िवरोध कर।

जब चु क पॉश के समीप / दू र ले जाया जाता है तब, पॉश की समीपवत

½
फलक पर समान /िवपरीत ुव िवकिसत होता है । इसिलए चु क को चलने के
िलए यां ि क काय की आव कता होती है जो िक िवद् यु त ऊजा म प रवितत हो
जाता है , जो ऊजा - सं र ण के िनयम के अनु प है । .
(ii)
(I)
 वामावत ½
 दि णावत ½

(II)

1½

Page 13 of 22
 1½

अथवा
(b)
(i)
ावृित धारा केिशखर मान और वगमा मुल के बीच िवभे दन 1
संब ½

(ii) (I) फेजर आरे ख से अवयवों X और Y को पहचानना 1

(II) ा करना
 अनुनाद की शत 1
 अनुनाद आवृि के िलए ंजक 1
 ितबाधा का मान ½
(i)
यह ावत धारा का उ मान है
rms धारा िद धारा है जो ावत धारा के समान ही औसत िवद् यु त हािन 1
उ प करती है ।

वै क क-
यह ावत धारा की उ मान है
िद धारा के समतु यह एक ac का भावी मान है , जो समतु को दशाता है ,
जो समान समय अविध म समान ितरोधक म समान उ ा भाव उ प
करे गा।

Io ½
सं बंध Irms =
2

Page 14 of 22
 (ii) (I) X- े रक/ कुंडली(L)

Y- सं धा र (C)

(II) प रपथ की ितबाधा

Z  (X L  XC )
½

अनु नाद पर Z  0

X L  XC
½
1
ωL =
ωC ½
1 1
ω2 = , ω=
LC LC ½

Page 15 of 22
 1
ν=
2π LC
अनु नाद पर ितबाधा
½ 5
Z=0
32. (a)
(i) अवतल लस की फोकल दू री का प रकलन 3
(ii)
 ूनतम िवचलन कोण के मान का प रकलन 1
 आपतन कोण का प रकलन 1

उ ल लस ारा बने वा िवक ितिब के िलए

1 1 1 ½
= -
f1 v1 u1
1 1 1
= -
10 v1 (30)
v1 =15cm ½
लस के सं योजन के समय माना िक दोनों लसों की सं योजन दू री f3 है l
1 1 1
= -
f 3 v3 u 3
1 1 1 ½
= 
f 3 (15+45) 30
f 3 = 20cm
½
माना की अवतल लस की फोकल दू री f2 है l
1 1 1
= +
f 3 f1 f 2 ½
1 1 1
= 
f 2 20 10
f 2 = - 20cm ½

(ii)
ू नतम िवचलन कोण
(A+δ m )
Sin ½
μ= 2
A
Sin
2
(60 +δ m )
Sin
3= 2
Sin 30

Page 16 of 22
 3 ( A  m )
 Sin
2 2
(A  m )
60 
2
o
δ m = 60 ½

आपतन कोण
i  e  A
2i  A   m ½
A  m
i
2
 ½
i  60

अथवा
(b)
(i)
(I) िझरी सूिचिछ के बीच की दू री ात करना 1½
(II) थम उ और क ीय उ के बीच की दू री का प रकलन 1½
(ii)क ीय उ के दोनों ओर के थम कोिट के िन िन ों के बीच की
दू री ात करना 2

(i)
(I) िझरी पृ थकन / सू िचिछ ों के बीच की दू री
Dλ
β= ½
d
Dλ
d=
β
633 109  5
 ½
5 103
 633  10 6 m ½
=633μm
(II) क ीय उ से थमकोिट के िन िन की दू री

(2n-1)λD
xn = ½
2d

Page 17 of 22
 n =1
633×10-9 ×5
x= ½
2×5×10-3

x =316.5×10-6 m ½

x =316.5μm

(ii) दोनों ओर के थम कोिट के िन िन ों के बीच की दू री

2Dλ ½
W=
d
2×650×10-9
= ×60×10-2 1
0.6×10-3
=1.3×10-3 m ½
5
33. (a)

(i) दू र थ िब दू पर (y>>a) वैद्युत े का ं जक ात करना 3

(ii) आवेश को िव थािपत करने म िकया गया काय का प रकलन 2

दो आवे शों + q और –q के कारण वै द्यु त े का प रमाण िदया गया

q 1
E +q = ½
4πε o y +a 2
2

q 1
E -q =
4πε o y +a 2
2
½

Page 18 of 22
ि ुव अ के अिभल वत अवयव एक दू सरे को िनर कर दे ते ह।
ि ुव अ के अनु िदश अवयव सं योिजत हो जाते ह।
िदया गया कुल िवद् युत े ि ुव आघू ण की िदशा के िवपरीत होता है ।

E= - (E +q +E -q ) cos θ pˆ ½
2qa
=- pˆ ( pˆ
4πε o (y 2 +a 2 )3/2 ि ुव आघू ण के अनु िदश इकाई सिदश ½
है ।)

दु र थ िब दू पर (y>>a)

 -2qa ½
E= pˆ
4πε o y 3

(ii)

िनकाय की ारं िभक थर िवद् युितकी थितज ऊजा

½
1 q A q B q Cq A qC q B
U1 = ( + + )
4πε o AB AC BC
9  109
  (2  1)  (2  5)  (1 5) 1018
0.2
½
U1 = -5.85×10-7 J
1 q A1 q B1 q C1 q A1 q c1 q B1
U2 = ( + + )
4πε o A1B1 A1C1 B1C1
½
U 2 = -11.7×10 -7 J
W=U 2 -U1 = -5.85×10 -7 J ½

Page 19 of 22
 अथवा
(b )
(i)
 गाउस मेय और कूलॉम िनयम संगत है दशाना 1
िकसी पतले गोलाकार खोल के कारण खोल के क से
(I) y > r (II) y < r िब दु पर िवद् यु त े के िलए
ं जक ु करना 2
(ii) आवेश की कृित और प रमाण ात करना 2
(i)
 गॉस का मेय कूलॉम के िनयम म िनिहत ु म वग दू री पर िनभर 1
करता है पर आधा रत है ।
वै क क
गॉस मेय के अनु सार
  q
 [Link]=
εo
½

1 q
E=
4πε o r 2
½
कूलॉम िनयम qo
के अनुसार इस े म आवेश पर बल
1 qq o
F=
4πε o r 2
इसिलए गॉस का िनयम कूलॉम िनयम के िनयम अनु प है
 (I) For y > r

गाउसीय पृ पर वै द्यु त E×4πy 2

पृ ारा सं ल आवे श σ  4πr 2
गाउस मेय को योग करके
σ 4 πr 2
E(4πy 2 ) = ½


Page 20 of 22
  q ½
E= rˆ
4πε 0 y 2
(II) For y < r

गॉस पृ ारा प रब आवेश = 0

गॉस मेय को योग करके
वै द्यु त = E(4πy 2 ) = 0 ½
i.e.E = 0 (y < r) ½

(ii)

मान लीिजए आवे श q A पर रखा गया है

मूल िब दु O पर आवेश q और A पर आवे श के कारण िब दु B पर िवभव
V = V1 + V2 ½

Page 21 of 22
 1  2×10-9 q  ½
V=  +
4πε 0  2 6+2 
1  -9 q  ½
10 +  =0
4πε 0  8
-9 ½ 5
q = -8×10 C

Page 22 of 22
 Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination, 2025
SUBJECT NAME PHYSICS (PAPER CODE 55/4/3)
General Instructions: -

1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems
which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching profession.
To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must read and
understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.
2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the
examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to
public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and affect
the life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document to
anyone, publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc may
invite action under various rules of the Board and IPC.”
3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not
be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or are
innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and due marks be
awarded to them. In class-X, while evaluating two competency-based questions,
please try to understand given answer and even if reply is not from marking scheme
but correct competency is enumerated by the candidate, due marks should be
awarded.
4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers
These are in the nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The
students can have their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks
should be awarded accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be
zero after delibration and discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation
shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the marking of
individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X” be
marked. Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which
evaluators are committing.
7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-
hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more
marks should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only
once.
11 A full scale of marks ____70______(example 0 to 80/70/60/50/40/30 marks as given in
Question Paper) has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer

Page 1 of 21
 MARKING SCHEME: PHYSICS(042)
deserves it.
12 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books
per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).This is in view of the
reduced syllabus and number of questions in question paper.
13 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the
Examiner in the past:-
● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark
is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for
incorrect answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks awarded.
14 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should
be marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.
15 Any un assessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.
16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the “Guidelines
for spot Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
17 Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over to
the title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.
18 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on
payment of the prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head Examiners/Head
Examiners are once again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried out
strictly as per value points for each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

Page 2 of 21
 कोड : 55/4/3
. सं . मू ां कन िबं दु/ अं कन योजना अं क कुल
अं क
खं ड - क
1. 4πε o Er 2 1 1
(A) tan -1
Q
2. (A) R A >R B >R C 1 1
1 (D) ऋणा क Z अ 1
4. (C) 600 1 1
5. (D) Copper 1 1
6. (B) 1.0 A 1 1
7. (C) 1.8×10 Vm5 -1
1 1
8. (C) तार के चारों ओर सं के ी ै ितज वृ 1 1
9. (B) अवतल तथा वा िवक 1 1
10. (C) काश के फोटॉन तथा इले ॉन दोनों ही ै त वृ ित दशाते ह। 1 1
11. (B) लाल पुं ज म नीले पुंज से ादा अिधक फोटॉन ह। 1 1
12. (A) Sn 1 1
13. (C) अिभकथन सही है पर ु कारण गलत है . 1 1
14. (B) अिभकथन (A) और कारण (R) दोनों सही ह और कारण (R), अिभकथन (A) की 1 1
सही ा ा नही ं करता है ।
15. (A) अिभकथन (A) और कारण (R) दोनों सही ह और कारण (R), अिभकथन (A) की 1 1
सही ा ा करता है ।
16. (A) अिभकथन (A) और कारण (R) दोनों सही ह और कारण (R), अिभकथन (A) की 1 1
सही ा ा करता है ।
खं ड ख
17.
(a)
(i) अपिम क के कार की पहचान करना ½
(ii) अप ी अधचालक के कार की पहचान करना ½
(b) इले ॉन सां ता प रकिलत करना 1

(i) ि सं योजी ½
(ii) p – कार का अधचालक ½
(a) इले ॉन सां ता
n2
ne = i
nh ½

Page 3 of 21
 (5×108 ) 2 2
ne =
8×1012
½
n e = 3.125×10 4 m -3
18.
तरं गदै का प रकलन 2

Dλ ½
β1 =
d
Dλ
β2 = 2
d
λ
β1 -β 2 = (D1 - D2 )
d ½
λ
= =  D -(D -30×10-2 
d
(β -β )d 9×10-5 ×2×10 -3
λ= 1 2 -2 = ½
30×10 30×10 -2
½ 2
λ = 6×10-7 m
19.
 लस की फोकस दू री का मान R के बराबर हो वह थित ा करना 1
 समतल उ ल लस की फोकस दू री 1

1  1 1  ½
= (n-1)  - 
f  R1 R 2 
के िलए f = R, R1 = R, R 2 = -R
1 1 1
= (n-1)  + 
R R R
3 ½
n=
2
उ ल दपण के िलए
1 2
= (n-1)  
f R
½
R1 = R R 2 = 
समतल उ ल लस के िलए
1 1
= (n-1)  
fp R
½ 2
Fp = 2f

20.
ि ा म प रवतन के ितशत का प रकलन 2

Page 4 of 21
 r n2 ½
r2 4
= ½
r3 9
ितशत प रवतन जब इले ॉन n=3 की अव था से n=2 की अव था म सं मण
करता है
r -r ½
 2 3 100
r3
 45 
   100
 9  2
=55.55% ½
21.
(a)
(i) ब S की चमक की P और Q ब ों की चमक से तु लना ½
पुि करण ½
(ii) ब S की चमक की ब Q की चमक से तु लना ½
पुि करण ½

(i) ब S की चमक P और Q की चामक से अिधक होगी। ½

ब S से वािहत धारा और ब P और Q म वािहत धाराओं की दो
½
गुनी है ।
(ii) S ब की चमक Q ब की चमक के बराबर होगी। ½
ब S से वािहत धारा और ब Q म वािहत धारा, दोनों समान है । ½

वै क क -
(i) ब S की चमक P और Q की चमक से अिधक होगी
ब S के िसरों पर िवभवा र, P और Q के िसरों पर िवभवा र का दो
गुना है ।
(ii) ब S की चमक ब Q की चमक के बराबर है ।
ब S के िसरों पर िवभवा र, ब Q के िसरों पर िवभवा र के बराबर होगा
अथवा
(b) ब ‘B’ से वािहत धारा ात करना 2

½
Page 5 of 21
 बंद पाशों ABCFA और FCDEF पर िकरचॉफ िनयम का अनु योग करने पर
2I1 -3I 2 =1----(1) ½
½
I1 +I2 =1-----(2)
हल करने पर
ब से वािहत धारा
1 ½
I2 = A 2
5
खं ड ग
22.
(a) अधचालक म ब सं क और अ सं क आवेशवाहक 2
(b) िवसरण धारा और अपवाह धारा के िनिमत होने की सं ि ा ा 1

(a) p कार के अधचालक म

ब सं क आवेश वाहक - होल ½
½
अ सं क आवेश वाहक- इले ॉनों
n कार के अधचालक म
ब सं क आवे श वाहक - इले ॉन ½
अ सं क आवेश वाहक – होल ½

(b) िवसरण धारा - सं िध के िनमाण के समय p एवं n फलकों के िसरों पर सां ता

वणता के कारण होल p फलक से n फलक (p  n) को ओर िवस रत होते है तथा
इले ॉन n फलक से p फलक (n  p) की ओर िवस रत होते है आवे श वाहकों की
½
इस गित के कारण सं िध से एक िवसरण धारा वािहत होती है ।

सं िध पर िवद् यु त े के कारण सं िध के p फलक पर थत इले ॉन n फलक म चला

जाता है ओर सं िध के n फलक पर थत होल फलक पर चला जाता है । िवद् यु त े के ½
कारण आवे श वाहकों यह गित अपवाह धारा दान करती है ।
3
23.
(a) आवेिशत कण के िकसी चु कीय े म कोई बल अनुभव नही ं करने की शत 1
(b) धारावाही तार ारा पाश पर आरोिपत चु कीय बल का प रमाण ा करना 2

(a)
 यिद आवे िशत कण िवराम अव था म ह v = 0 ½

 B V (समाना र) या ितसमाना र
½

Page 6 of 21
 (b) दो धारा वाही चालकों के बीच लगने वाले बल का प रमाण
μ 2I I
F= 0 1 2 L ½
4π r
पाश के खं ड MN पर लगने वाला बल
μ 2I I
FMN  0 1 2  l
4π l तार की तरफ ½

पाश के खं ड KP पर लगने वाला बल

μ 2I I
FKP = 0 1 2 ×l ½
4π 2l तार से दू र
पाश खं ड MK तथा NP पर लगने वाला बल शू है l
पू रे पाश पर लगने वाला कुल बल
F = FMN - FKP
μ
F = 0 I1I 2 ½ 3
4π
24.
(a) ेरक का ंजक ु करना 2
(b) कुंडिलयों के ेरक को ाफ से पहचानना तथा साथ म कारण 1

प रनािलका म वािहत होने वाली धारा I के कारण चु कीय े B= μ 0 nI ½

प रनािलका म स कुल है ।
NB  (nl ) (μ 0 nI)A ½
= μ 0 n 2 A lI
N B ½
L
I
½
L  μ 0 n 2 Al
(b)
कुंडली ‘1’
ε 1 3
रे खा की ढाल =L
dI/dt , कुंडली ‘1’ की ढाल L कुंडली ‘2’ से ादा है ।
25.
(a) काश वैद्युत उ जन की ा ा 1
(b)अिधकतम गितज ऊजा का, िसफ आवृि पर िनभर होने की ा ा 1
(c) िनरोधी िवभव और आवृि के ाफ म वणता की ा ा 1

(a) आइं ाइन का काश िवद् युत समीकरण

h = h o + K max ½

Page 7 of 21
 K max = h (ν - ν o )
ν  νo , के िलए Kmax ऋणा क होगा ½
इसिलए काश वै द्यु त उ जन सं भव नही ं है
(b) आइं ाइन का काश िवद् युत समीकरण के ारा
K max = h (ν - ν o ) ½
इसिलए K max α ν ½
यह दशाता है िक Kmax िसफ आवृि पर िनभर करता है न िक ती ता पर

(c ) eVo =hν-hν o
h h ½
Vo = ν - ν o
e e
यह समीकरण सरल रे खा (y = mx + c) के समीकरण को दिशत करता है िजसका ½
h
ढाल है ।
e 3
26.
(a) दो तरं गों के ितकरण की शत
(i) रचना क प से (ii) िवनाशा क प से ½+½
 दो सोिडयम लै ों से उ प दो काशों के िलए ितकरण की शत ½
 कारण ½
(b) ितकरण पैटन म ि ज चौड़ाई के भाव तथा पु ि 1

(a)
(i) रचना क ितकरण के िलए दशा
Δ = nλ ½
(ii) िवनशाना क ितकरण की दशा
1 ½
Δ = (n+ )λ
2
n = 0,1,2………
 No ½
काश के दो तं एकवण ोत कला -सं ब नही ं हो सकते ½
λD ½
(b) ि ं ज चौड़ाई β =
d
λ red >λ green
½
β red >β green

Page 8 of 21
27.
(a)
(i) चालक की ितरोधकता का ंजक ु करना 2
(ii) आवेशों Q1और Q2 की तुलना 1

E के अनु िदश कुल आवेश

e2 A
IΔt= τ nΔtE
m ½
2
I ne
 E
A m ½
1
J= E
ρ ½
m
 2 ½
ne 
वै क क –

चालक म धारा - ½
I = neAv d
I eE ½
= ne τ
A m
ne 2
J= E ½
m
1
J= E
ρ
m ½
ρ= 2
ne τ

Page 9 of 21
(ii) िदए गए ाफ से -
Q1 A1
= आयत का े फल/ ि भुज का े फल ½
Q2 A2
Q1 2
=
Q2 3
2
½
Q1  Q2

अथवा
(b)
(i) (I)
 धारा के मान के िलए ं जक ा करना ½
उ तम धारा के मान का प रकलन ½
(II) टिमनल वो ता तथा इसका यथासंभव मान ा करना 1
(ii) बैटरी का आतं रक ितरोध ात करना 1

 V=  - Ir
IR =  -Ir
 ½
I=
उ तम धारा के िलए (R=0)
 ½
Imax=
(II) V= V+ + V- -Ir
V =  -Ir ½
Vmax =  जब I=0 ½
(ii) I1R1 +I1r = I 2 R 2 +I 2 r ½
I R -I R
r= 2 2 1 1 ½
I1 - I 2
3

Page 10 of 21
 (a) िवद् युत चु कीय तरं गों के तीन अिभला िणक 1½
(b) िव थापन धारा की ा ा ,
28.
 अ कैसे 1
 और कहाँ होता है ? ½

(a) (कोई तीन )

 िवद् यु त चु कीय तरं गे ऊजा रखती ह। ½
½
 िवद् यु त चु कीय तरं गे संवेग रखते ह।
½
 िवद् यु त चु कीय तरं ग िनवात म काश के वेग से चलती है ।
 िवद् यु त चु कीय तरं गों वैद्युत े की िदशा , चु कीय े की िदशा और
गमन करने की िदशा, एक दू सरे के ल वत होती है ।
 िवद् यु त् चु कीय तरं गे कृित म अनु थ होती है ।
 िवद् यु त् चु कीय तरं गों को सा रत करने के िलए िकसी भौितक मा म की
आव कता नही ं होती है ओर वे िनवात म भी गमन कर सकती है ।
 िवद् यु त चु कीय तरं गे दोलनशील िवद् युत ओर चु कीय े ों से िमलकर
बनी होती है ।
(b)
 सं धा रत को आवेिशत करने के दौरान सं धा र की पि काओं के बीच समय 1
के साथ प रवितत होने वाला िवद् यु त े / िवद् यु त , िव थापन धारा को
े रत करता है । .
 िव थापन धारा का अ सं धा रत की े टों के बीच म होता है । ½ 3

खं ड घ
29. Ke2
(i) (C) 1
mr
- Ke2 1
(ii) (B)
2r
(iii) (C) - 2.48, 2.48 1

(iv) (a)
1 1
(D)
n3
OR
(b)
o
(C) 1.59 A 4

Page 11 of 21
30. 2ε o KL2
(i) (C) 1
d
ε VKL2 1
(ii) (B) o
d
V 1
(iii) (A)
d
(iv) (a)
d 1
(C)
2K
OR
(b)
(D) शू
4
खं ड ड़
31. (a)
(i) अवतल लस की फोकस दू री का प रकलन 3
(ii)
 ूनतम िवचलन कोण के मान का प रकलन 1
 आपतन कोण का प रकलन 1

उ ल लस ारा बने वा िवक ितिब के िलए

1 1 1 ½
= -
f1 v1 u1
1 1 1
= -
10 v1 (30)
v1 =15cm ½
लस के सं योजन के समय, माना िक दोनों लसों की सं योजन दू री f3 है l
1 1 1
= -
f 3 v3 u 3
1 1 1 ½
= 
f 3 (15+45) 30
f 3 = 20cm
½
माना की अवतल लस की फोकल दू री f2 है l
1 1 1
= +
f 3 f1 f 2 ½
1 1 1
= 
f 2 20 10
f 2 = - 20cm ½

Page 12 of 21
(ii)
ू नतम िवचलन कोण
(A+δ m )
Sin ½
μ= 2
A
Sin
2
(60 +δ m )
Sin
3= 2
Sin 30

3 ( A  m )
 Sin
2 2
( A   )
60  m

2
o
δ m = 60 ½

आपतन कोण
i  e  A
2i  A   m ½
A  m
i
2

i  60 ½

अथवा
(b)
(i)
(I) िझरी सूिचिछ के बीच की दू री ात करना 1½
(II) थम उ और क ीय उ के बीच की दू री का प रकलन 1½
(ii)क ीय उ के दोनों ओर के थम कोिट के िन िन ों के बीच
की दू री ात करना 2

(i)
(I) िझरी पृ थकन / सू िचिछ ों के बीच की दू री
Dλ ½
β=
d
Dλ
d=
β

Page 13 of 21
 633 109  5
 ½
5 103
 633  10 6 m ½
=633μm
(II) क ीय उ से थमकोिट के िन िन की दू री

(2n-1)λD
xn =
2d
½

n =1
633×10-9 ×5 ½
x=
2×5×10-3

x =316.5×10-6 m ½

x =316.5μm

(ii) दोनों ओर के थम कोिट के िन िन ों के बीच की दू री

2Dλ ½
W=
d
2×650×10-9 1
= -3
×60×10-2
0.6×10
½ 5
=1.3×10-3 m

Page 14 of 21
32. (a)

(i) दू र थ िब दू पर (y>>a) वैद्युत े का ं जक ात करना 3

(ii) आवेश को िव थािपत करने म िकया गया काय का प रकलन 2

दो आवे शों + q और –q के कारण वैद्यु त े का प रमाण िदया गया

q 1
E +q = ½
4πε o y +a 2
2

q 1
E -q =
4πε o y +a 2
2
½

ि ुव अ के अिभल वत अवयव एक दू सरे को िनर कर दे ते ह।

ि ुव अ के अनु िदश अवयव संयोिजत हो जाते ह।
कुल िवद् यु त े , ि ुव आघू ण की िदशा के िवपरीत होता है ।

E= - (E +q +E -q ) cos θ pˆ ½
2qa
=- pˆ ( pˆ ½
4πε o (y 2 +a 2 )3/2 ि ुव आघू ण के अनु िदश इकाई सिदश है ।)

दु र थ िब दू पर (y>>a)

 -2qa ½
E= pˆ
4πε o y 3

Page 15 of 21
(ii)

िनकाय की ारं िभक थर िवद् युितकी थितज ऊजा

1 q A q B q Cq A qC q B
U1 = ( + + )
4πε o AB AC BC ½
9  10 9
  (2  1)  (2  5)  (1 5) 1018
0.2
U1 = -5.85×10-7 J ½
1 q A1 q B1 q C1 q A1 q c1 q B1
U2 = ( + + )
4πε o A1B1 A1C1 B1C1
U 2 = -11.7×10 -7 J ½
W=U 2 -U1 = -5.85×10 J -7
½
अथवा
(b )
(i)
 गाउस मेय और कूलॉम िनयम संगत है दशाना 1
िकसी पतले गोलाकार खोल के कारण खोल के क से (I) y > r (II) y < r िब दु
पर िवद् युत े के िलए ंजक ु करना 2
(ii) आवेश की कृित एवं प रमाण ात करना 2

(i)
 गॉस का मेय कूलॉम के िनयम म िनिहत ु म वग दू री पर िनभर करता है
पर आधा रत है । 1
वै क क
गॉस मेय के अनु सार
  q ½
 [Link]=
εo
1 q ½
E=
4πε o r 2

Page 16 of 21
कूलॉम िनयम qo
के अनु सार इस े म आवे श पर बल
1 qq o
F=
4πε o r 2
इसिलए गॉस का िनयम कूलॉम िनयम के िनयम अनु प है
 (I) For y > r

गाउसीय पृ पर वै द्यु त E×4πy 2

पृ ारा सं ल आवे श σ  4πr 2
गाउस मेय को योग करके
σ 4 πr 2 ½
E(4πy 2 ) =

 q
E= rˆ ½
4πε 0 y 2
(II) For y < r

गॉस पृ ारा प रब आवेश = 0

गॉस मेय को योग करके
= E(4πy 2 ) = 0 ½
वै द्यु त
i.e.E = 0 (y < r) ½

Page 17 of 21
 (ii)

मान लीिजए आवे श q A पर रखा गया है

मूल िब दु O पर आवे श q और A पर आवे श के कारण िब दु B पर िवभव
V = V1 + V2 ½
1  2×10-9 q  ½
V=  +
4πε 0  2 6+2 
1  -9 q 
10 +  =0
4πε 0  8 ½
5
q = -8×10-9 C ½
33. (a)
(i)
 लज़ का िनयम का कथन ½
 ा ा कीिजए िक यह िनयम िकस कार ऊजा संर ण िनयम का ही
प रणाम है । ½
(ii)
(I) पॉश के े म वेश करते और बाहर आते समय े रत धारा की िदशा ½+½

(II) िवचरण के साथ

चु कीय के िवचरण तथा समय ‘t’ के साथ ाफ खी ंचना 1
े रत िवद् युत वाहक बल (E) तथा समय ‘t’ के साथ ाफ खी ंचना 1
ाफ पर E, और ‘t’ का मान, अंिकत करना 1

लज़ िनयम - े रत िवद् युत वाहक बल की ुवता इस कार होती है की वह उस िदशा

म धारा वाह वृ करे जो उसे उ करने वाले करक का िवरोध कर। ½

Page 18 of 21
जब चु क पॉश के समीप / दू र ले जाया जाता है तब, पॉश की समीपवत फलक पर
समान /िवपरीत ुव िवकिसत होता है । इसिलए चु क को चलने के िलए यां ि क काय
½
की आव कता होती है जो िक िवद् यु त ऊजा म प रवितत हो जाता है , जो ऊजा -
सं र ण के िनयम के अनु प है । .
(ii)
(I)
 वामावत ½
 दि णावत ½

(II)

1½

1½

OR
(b)
(i)
ावत धारा के िशखर मान और वग मा मूल के बीच िवभे दन 1
संब ½

(ii) (I) फेजर आरे ख से अवयवों X और Y को पहचानना 1

(II) ा करना
 अनुनाद की शत 1
 अनुनाद आवृि के िलए ंजक 1
 ितवाधा का मान ½

Page 19 of 21
 (i)
यह ावत धारा का उ मान है
rms धारा िद धारा है जो ावत धारा के समान ही औसत िवद् यु त हािन उ प
1
करती है ।

वै क क-
यह ावत धारा की उ मान है
िद धारा के समतु यह एक ac का भावी मान है , जो समान समय अविध म समान
ितरोधक म समान उ ा भाव उ प करे गा।

Io
सं बंध Irms = ½
2

(ii) (I) X- े रक/ कुंडली(L)

Y- सं धा र (C)

Page 20 of 21
(II) प रपथ की ितबाधा

Z  (X L  XC ) ½

अनु नाद पर Z  0

X L  XC ½
1
ωL = ½
ωC
1 1 ½
ω2 = , ω=
LC LC

1
ν=
2π LC
अनु वाद पर ितबाधा ½ 5
Z=0

Page 21 of 21