Handling Exceptions
Gill Cleeren
CTO Xebia Microsoft Services Belgium
@gillcleeren
Overview
Understanding exceptions in code
Using a try/catch block
Catching several types of exceptions
Using finally
Understanding Exceptions in Code
Errors will occur!
Errors are problems that will occur
while our application is executing.
Exceptions Will Occur
Divide by zero
File not accessible
Incorrect permissions
Database unreachable
The Default Handling of the Exception
Using a try/catch Block
In C#, error handling code can be written
separately
- Application code executes
- Covered by exception handling code
- Exceptions that occur can be handled
Based on
- try
- catch
Using a try/catch block
try
{
//code goes here
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//Here we can handle the exception
throw;
}
The try Block
try
{
//code goes here
Code in try block is attempted
}
catch (Exception ex) If all goes well, will execute regularly
{
throw; If execution fails, jumps to catch block
}
The catch Block
try Exceptions will be caught here
{
//code goes here
}
Handles specific type of exception
catch (Exception ex) - Here we have a base exception
{
throw; - Multiple types of exceptions can be handled
} differently
Using a try/catch Block
try
{
string input = Console.ReadLine();
int a = int.Parse(input);
}
catch (FormatException ex)
{
//Here we can handle the exception
}
Should all code go in a try/catch block?
Exceptions in the Documentation
Demo
Adding exception handling
Inspecting the Exception Details
Message InnerException
StackTrace HelpLink
Inspecting the Exception Details
try
{
string input = Console.ReadLine();
int a = int.Parse(input);
}
catch (FormatException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
Console.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace);
}
Demo
Using the exception details
Catching Several Types of Exceptions
Using Multiple Exception Types
try
{
string input = Console.ReadLine();
int a = int.Parse(input);
int b = 10 / a;
}
catch (FormatException fex)
{
//Here we can handle the exception
}
catch (DivideByZeroException dbzex)
{
//Here we can handle the exception
}
Handling different exception types
.NET comes with many exception types
Exceptions are classes and are part of a
hierarchy
The Exception Hierarchy
Exception
SystemException
FormatException
ArithmeticException
DivideByZeroException
…
ApplicationException
…
Catching All Possible Exceptions
try
{
string input = Console.ReadLine();
int a = int.Parse(input);
int b = 10 / a;
}
catch (FormatException fex)
{
//Here we can handle the exception
}
catch (DivideByZeroException dbzex)
{
//Here we can handle the exception
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
//This will be invoked if another type of exception occurs
}
Demo
Catching multiple types of exceptions
Using finally
Finally!
If we have code that needs to run
regardless if all went fine or not, we
can add a finally block.
Using a finally Block
try
{
//code goes here
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//Here we can handle the exception
throw;
}
finally
{
//This will always execute
}
Demo
Adding a finally block
Summary
A try/catch block makes our code more
robust
The finally block will always execute
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