Academic Stress Scale (ASS; Kohn & Frazer, 1986)-Chinese Version: The ASS is a 35 item
scale designed to measure the students’ perceived academic stressors. Respondents report their
level of stress under 35 different stressful situations (e. g., examination, excessive homework)
using a 5 point Likert response format (1=not at all stressful, 2=rarely stressful, 3=sometimes
stressful, 4=fairly stressful, 5=extremely stressful). Scores are obtained by summing the reported
scores for each item. A higher score is indicative of greater stress. The ASS was translated into
Chinese for the purpose of this study by the researchers to assess the students’ perceived
academic stress. Two items were deleted from the original scale (“irrelevant classes toward
major” and “evaluating classmates’ work”), because they are inappropriate in Chinese high
school context. High school students in China do not have a major and their school work is
evaluated by the teacher, not their classmates. The items were then translated literally back into
English and the authors resolved discrepancies in intended meanings and wording of the items.
The reading level of the ASS-C is appropriate for 12th grade high school students in this study.
The ASS has satisfactory internal consistency as measured by Cronbach’s alpha and split-half
reliability (.92 and .86, respectively; Kohn & Frazer, 1986)
Not at all Rarely Sometimes Fairly Extremely
Stressful Stressful Stressful Stressful Stressful
1. Final grades
2. Excessive
homework
3. Term papers
4. Examinations
5. Studying for examinations
6.Class speaking
7. Waiting for graded tests
8. Fast-paced lectures
9. Pop quizzes
10. Forgotten assignments
11. Incomplete assignments
12. Unclear assignments
13. Unprepared to respond to
question
14. Announced quizzes
15.Studied wrong material
16. Incorrect answers in class
17. Missing class
18. Buying text books
19. Learning new skills
20. Unclear course objectives
21. Hot classrooms
22. Non native Language
lectures
23. Boring classes
24. Attending wrong class
25. Late dismissals of class
26. Cold classrooms
27. Arriving late for class
28. Forgetting pencil/pen
29. Note-taking in class
30. Noisy classroom
31. Crowded classes
32. Classes with open
discussion
33. Poor classroom lighting