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Java Applications and Applets

The document explains the differences between Java Applications and Java Applets, highlighting that applications run on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and have a main method, while applets are embedded in web pages and run in browsers. It outlines the execution environment, entry points, user interface support, security restrictions, and distribution methods for both. Additionally, it provides simple code examples for a Java application and a Java applet, along with guidance on when to use each type.

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15 views5 pages

Java Applications and Applets

The document explains the differences between Java Applications and Java Applets, highlighting that applications run on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and have a main method, while applets are embedded in web pages and run in browsers. It outlines the execution environment, entry points, user interface support, security restrictions, and distribution methods for both. Additionally, it provides simple code examples for a Java application and a Java applet, along with guidance on when to use each type.

Uploaded by

lilzeeeforreal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Java Applications and Applets

1. Java Application

●​ A Java Application is a standalone program that runs directly on the Java Virtual
Machine (JVM).​

It has a main method as its entry point:​


​
public class MyApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("This is a Java Application.");
}
}

●​
●​ How to run:​

1.​ Compile: javac MyApp.java​

2.​ Execute: java MyApp​

2. What Is a Java Applet?

●​ A Java Applet is a small program designed to be embedded in a web page and run
inside a browser.
●​ To run applet programs you need to first install JDK 8.

Applet Lifecycle
​

It extends the Applet (or JApplet) class and implements at least one of these lifecycle
methods:​
​
import java.applet.Applet;
import java.awt.Graphics;

public class HelloApplet extends Applet {


public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.drawString("Hello, Applet!", 50, 25);
}
}

●​
●​ How to run in a browser:​

1.​ Compile: javac HelloApplet.java​

Write an HTML file:​


​
<html>
<body>
<applet code="HelloApplet.class" width="200" height="50">
</applet>
</body>
</html>

2.​
3.​ Open the HTML file in a (legacy) browser or applet viewer.​

3. Key Differences
Aspect Java Application Java Applet

Execution environment JVM on desktop/server Browser or Applet Viewer

Entry point public static void init(), start(),


main(String[] args) paint(Graphics)

User interface support Swing, AWT, JavaFX, AWT (lightweight), restricted


console I/O Swing

Security restrictions Full access to file system, Sandbox model: restricted


network, etc. permissions

Distribution JAR, EXE, direct .class Embedded in web pages


files

4. Simple Examples

4.1 Application Example: Calculator


import java.util.Scanner;

public class SimpleCalc {


public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter two numbers: ");
int a = sc.nextInt(), b = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("Sum = " + (a + b));
}
}

Output:​
​
Enter two numbers: 5 7
Sum = 12

●​
4.2 Applet Example: Click Counter
import java.applet.Applet;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

public class ClickCounterApplet extends Applet implements MouseListener {


int count = 0;

public void init() {


addMouseListener(this);
}

public void paint(Graphics g) {


g.drawString("Click count: " + count, 20, 20);
}

public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {


count++;
repaint();
}
// Unused methods:
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {}
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {}
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {}
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {}
}

HTML to embed:​
​
<applet code="ClickCounterApplet.class" width="200" height="100"></applet>

●​

5. When to Use Which?

●​ Applications​

○​ Complex GUIs (using Swing/JavaFX)​

○​ Console utilities, server programs, background services​

●​ Applets​
○​ Interactive web content (legacy tech)​

○​ Simple animations or games inside a web page​

Note: Modern browsers no longer support Java applets without plugins; Java Web Start or full
applications are now more common for web-distributed Java.

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